Tài liệu 600 Essential words for the toeic 3rd edition part 17 pptx

noun refund If you have overpaid your income taxes, you will get a refund at the end of the year.. A budget can help the business owner determine the amount of profit the business is exp

WORD FAMILIES

verb calculate The young man tries to calculate his expenses every month

f noun calculation The calculation is no more difficult than high school math

noun calculator In order to avoid making addition and subtraction errors, | suggest you use a

calculator

verb " file Don't wait until the last minute to file your taxes

noun file keep all my tax information in one file

adjective | joint My husband and | filed a joint tax return

adverb jointly Even though you are separated right now, you will save money if you and your

wife file your taxes jointly

verb penalize The government will penalize taxpayers who try to evade paying their fair share

of taxes

noun penalty For every dollar you owe in overdue taxes, a 10 percent penalty is imposed

adjective penal Tax evasion is a penal offense

verb prepare Most people wait until the last minute to prepare their tax returns

noun preparation If you are organized, income tax preparation takes only a few hours

adjective preparatory The preparatory work for doing my taxes is more time-consuming than filling

out the forms

verb refund The government should refund your overpaid taxes within a few weeks of filing

your tax return

noun refund If you have overpaid your income taxes, you will get a refund at the end of the

year

adjective refundable Sales tax that tourists pay in a foreign country may be refundable when they

leave the country

150 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST

WORD PRACTICE

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

(em

Track 24 |

Part 1 Photo

Look at the picture and listen to the

sentences Choose the sentence that

best describes the picture

1.®©@®©0

Part 2 Question—Response

Listen to the question and the three responses Choose the response that best answers the question

Part 3 Conversation

Listen to the dialogue Then read each question and choose the best answer

4 Who usually prepares the man’s taxes? 6 What is the penalty for missing the deadline? (A) The man (A) 1 percent

(B) His wife (B) 2 percent

(C) The man and his wife together (C) 9 percent

(D) An accountant (D) 10 percent

5 When did the man file his taxes last year?

(A) One month before the deadline

(B) Two months before the deadline

(C) One month after the deadline

(D) Two months after the deadline

Part 4 Talk

Listen to the talk Then read each question and choose the best answer

7 Who is the speaker? 9 What does the speaker offer to do?

(A) A tax preparer (A) Caiculate the amount to withhold from the (B) A government tax agent paycheck

D) Send in the tax payment

8 When can the refund check be expected? ©)

(A) In eighteen weeks

(B) Before six weeks

(C) In four weeks

(D) In ten weeks at the latest.

READING

Part 5 Incomplete Sentences

Choose the word that best completes the sentence

10 According to my » we owe a lot of 13 We didn’t know we had to claim the interest frorn money in taxes this year our savings account and were for (A) calculations (C) caloulators the error

{B) calculated {Ð) calculate (A) penalize (C) penalty

(B) penalizing (D) penalized

11 Those on my desk contain all the

information we'll need for preparing our taxes 14 The of the forms took much less (A) filed (C) file time than we expected

(B) files (D) filing (A) preparatory (C} prepared

(B) preparation (D) prepares

12 itis usually advantageous for spouses to file their

income taxes ` 15 | didn’t overpay my taxes this year so | didn’t get a (A) joints (C) joint

{B) joinily (DB) jointed (A) refunded (C) refund

(B) refundable (D) refunds

Part 6 Text Completion

Smith & Johnson Tax Preparation

We take away the headaches of tax time

16 your own taxes can be frustrating and often leads to costly errors in calculations Are you ready to give up trying to fill 17 your tax forms on your own? Smith & Johnson Tax Preparation can help youl

People who use professional tax preparers get larger refunds and avoid _18 for underpayment and missed deadiines

Make tax time easier Call us today, You owe it to yourself

16 (A) Prepare 18 (A) pennants

(B) To prepare (B) penalties

{C) Preparing (C) penumbras

(D) Preparation (D) peninsulas

17 (A) in

(B) up

(C) out

(D) through

182 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST

Part 7 Reading Comprehension

Questions 19-23 refer to the following letter

April 1, 20—

Mr, Roger Earnshaw

2943 Northern Boulevard

New Orange, NH

Dear Mr Earnshaw,

Sincerely,

Kathleen O'Hara

CPA

Enclosed are your completed tax forms, which I have prepared for you at your request 1 am sorry to report that you will not receive the $500 refund that you expected Instead, my calculations show that you owe $450 in taxes, as well as an additional penalty of $45 for underpayment of taxes The reason for this is that you and your spouse have chosen not to

file your taxes jointly this year You may want to reconsider this for the future since, as you can see, it is more costly for

married couples to file separately If you and your sponse wish to continue to file separately, you may want to ask your

employer to withhold a greater amount from your paychecks so that you don't end up owing money again next year, This

will be even more important if you get the salary increase that you have been hoping for

Write out a check for the taxes that you still owe and the penalty and mail it together with your tax forms before the April 15 deadline Please let me know if I can be of any further assistance

19 Who wrote the letter?

(A) A tax agent

(B) A tax preparer

(C) Mr Earnshaw’s spouse

(BD) Mr Earnshaw’s employer

20, What is the total amount that Mr Earnshaw owes?

(A) $45

(B) $450

(G) $495,

(D) $500

21, What does Ms O’Hara recommend to Mr

Earnshaw to irnprove his tax situation?

(A) Get married

{B) File separately

(C) Ask for a salary increase

(B) Withhold more from his checks

22 The word jointly in line 4 is closest in meaning to

(A) together (B) apart

(C} on time (Ð) finally

23 The word deadiine in line 9 is closest in meaning

to

{A} holiday (B) schedule (C} anniversary

(D) due date

Lesson

25

Financial Statements

Study the following definitions and examples

1

10

T1

12

desire v., to wish for

a We desire to have our own home

b He desires to retire when he becomes forty

detail v., to report or relate minutely or in particulars

a The office manager detailed each step of the inventory process at the staff meeting

b Fabio created a financial statement that detailed every expected expendi- ture for the next quarter

forecast n., a prediction of a future event; v., to estimate or calculate in advance

a The financial forecast indicates a deficit in the next quarter

b Analysts forecast a strong economic outlook

level n., a relative position or rank on a scale

a We have never had an accountant work at such a sophisticated level before

b The meeting was only open to staff at the assistant director level or higher overall adj., regarded as a whole; general

a The company’s overall expectations were out of proportion

b Overall, our costs are running true to prediction

perspective n., a mental view or outlook

a The budget statement will give the manager some perspective on where the costs of running the business are to be found

b Joseph’s accountant gave him some perspective as well as some data on how much he could expect to earn in his first year in business

project v., to estimate or predict

a We need to project our earnings and expenses in order to plan next year’s budget

b The director projects that the company will need to hire ten new employees this year

realistic adj., tending to or expressing an awareness of things as they really are

a Stefano found that an accurate accounting gave him a realistic idea of his

business's financial direction

b Realistic expectations are important when you review your financial statements

target v., to establish as a goal; n., a goal

a We targeted March as the deadline for completing the financial statement

b Most managers target desired income as the primary criterion for SUCCESS

translation n., the act or process of translating

a The translation of the statement from Japanese into English was very helpful

b The accountant was able to provide a translation of the economic terms

used in the meeting

typically adv., acting in conformity to a type; characteristically

a Office expenses typically include such things as salaries, rent, and office supplies

b The director typically dominates the staff meetings

yield n., an amount produced; v., to produce a profit

a Henry’s budget gave him the desired yield: a better indication of his expected profit

b The company’s investment yielded high returns 153

184 «600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST

WORDS IN CONTEXT

Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below

desired level projected translate detailed overall realistic typical forecasts perspective target yield Abusiness budget focuses on future profits and future capital require- ments A budget can help the business owner determine the amount of profit the business is expected to make, the amount of sales it will take

to reach a goal, and what (1) of expenses are

attached to those sales A business establishes a (2) :

a goal to work toward A business (3) the sales that

will be needed fo reach this target

Projecting or planning ahead is part of (4) business planning When creating a (5) income statement, a business owner tries to determine how to reach the (6) target The annual profit muast be sufficlent to

Ty the owner a return for his or her time spent oper-

ating the business, plus a return on the investment The owner's target income is the sum of a reasonable salary for the time spent running the business and a normal return on the amount invested in the firm

After projecting the income needed, the business owner has to

(8) the target profit into a net sales figure for the

forecasted period The owner has fo determine whether this sales volume is (9) _ One useful technique is to break

down the required annual sales into a daily sales figure to get a better

(10)

At this stage in the financial plan, the owner should create a

—_—_—_— of the sales required to yield the annual profit

(11) picture of the firm's expected operating expenses Many books and business organizations give T“͆ϗ_ operating statistics data, based on a percentage

of net sales The business's accountant can help you assign dollar val- ues to anticipated expenses

Developing a projected income statement is an important part of any financial plan, as the process forces the business owner to examine the firm’s future profitability

WORD FAMILIES

| verb nà | desire Our manager is trying to predict how many customers will desire our product

See! over the next quarter

noun: | desire Her desire for greater control of the business ted her to discuss her need for

more information with her accountant

, | desirable The category summary, while desirable, was time-consuming to prepare

verb ter | detail The job description details all the duties of this position

noun i | detail The budget report needs to be accurate down to the last detail

adjective | detailed The director asked for a detailed description of our meeting

project The budget summary helped us project our expenditures for the year

project The financial project was time-consuming and challenging

noun projection Maurice’s projections for the upcoming fiscal year were not as helpful as we

had hoped

verb realize The plan helps her realize her dream of having the business turn a profit

noun reality The financial statement reinforced the reality that our business is in deep

trouble

adjective realistic The accountant needs realistic numbers on which to base his plan

verb translate The computer was able to translate data from the created spreadsheet into the

spreadsheet program | prefer

noun translation The translation of the document was provided at no charge

adjective translatable The data was not translatable between programs and had to be entered by

hand, which took hours

noun type This type of business requires a lot of start-up money

adjective typical Part of a category summary is defining the expenses that are typical of the

business in question

adverb typically

Typically, we finished preparing the budget just in time to meet the deadline

156 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST

WORD PRACTICE

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

f cot \

Track |

il

Part 1 Photo

Look at the picture and listen to the

sentences Choose the sentence

that best describes the picture

1.®®@Q0

Part 2 Question-Response

Listen to the question and the three responses Choose the response that best answers the question

Part 3 Conversation

Listen to the dialogue Then read each question and choose the best answer

4 What is the woman doing? 6 What does the man offer to do?

(A) Developing a project report (A) Write a check

(B) Preparing a financial statement (B) Sign a statement

(C) Making a weather forecast (C) Solve her financial problems

(D) Writing an expense report (D) Correct her calculations

5 When does she want to have this finished?

(A) By noon

(B) Before 8:00

(C) By the end of the week

(D) Before the end of the year

Part 4 Talk

Listen to the talk Then read each question and choose the best answer

7 Who fs this talk directed at? 9 According to the speaker, what is the first step to

(B) Financial advisors (A) Get an office with a key

(C) Small business owners ({B) Write a financial statement

(D) Finance companies (C) Raise start-up funds

8 When does a business typically become

profitabie?

(A) During the first five years

(B) During the first year

(C) After five years

(D) After two years

READING

Part 5 Incomplete Sentences

Choose the word that best completes the sentence

10 Before we begin, | think we should all focus on the 13 The projected financial statement demonstrated to

outcome af this effort Susan that her business hada Chance (A) desirableness (C) desired of increasing its profit over the next two quarters (B) desire (D) desirability (A) realistic (C) realistically

(B) realist (D) reality

11, The accountant can review ail the af the

financial statement with you 14 To create our financial strategy, our consultant took

(B) detailing (D) detail relevant outcornes to our situation

(A) translatable (C) translator

12 The figures for the next quarter will (B) translation (D) translated

not be available until a week from tomorrow

{A} project (C) projection 15 Our business experienced a fall in profits

(B) projected (B) projects during the third quarter of the year

(A) typical (C) type (B) typically (D) typed

Part 6 Text Completion

Memo

To: Department Heads

From: Roy Jones, Manager

Re: Pianning Meeting

As you know, our quarterly planning meeting will take place in two weeks | want to let you know some of the topics that will be discussed, to give you a chance to prepare

First, the overall economic situation in the country looks very goad for the coming year Economists 16 an increase in consumer spending, especially in our sector Therefore, we should look into increasing production | believe that a 15 percent increase by the end of the year is a realistic target

Second, since the company plans to increase sales overseas, we will need to hire several 17 We will need to

discuss how many we need and which languages should have priority

These are the most important topics for the meeting if anyone 18 _ io put a special item on the meeting

agenda, please let me know by the beginning of next week

16 (A) foreclose 18 (A} desire

(B) forebode (8) desires

(C) forego (C) will desire

(D) forecast (D) have desired

17 (A) translators

(B) translates

(C) translations

(D) transporis

158 600 ESSENTIAL WORDS FOR THE TOEIC TEST

Part 7 Reading Comprehension

Questions 19-23 refer to the following article and e-mail message

business from disaster, however, if the business

Do you have a sound financial plan for your small

business? You should The majority of small busi-

nesses fail during the first five years, typically

because they have not made realistic fnancial

plans A new business owner may start out with the

necessary funds, a qualified staff, and office space

and equipment These things may not save the

owner hasn’t set realistic targets and made plans to

reach them, Everyone who contemplates starting a

new business should sit down and write out all the

details of a financial plan before doing anything

19

20

21

According to the article, why do most smail

businesses fail?

(A) Lack of financial planning

(B) Lack of adequate office space

(C) Lack of qualified staff

(D) Lack of adequate funds

Why did Matthew write the e-mail message?

(A) He wants to stari a small business with Shirley

(B) He is writing an article for a magazine

(C) He wants to make a financial plan

(D) He is looking for new clients

When does Matthew warit to meet with Shirley?

(A) Tomorrow

(B) Next week

(C) in six months

(BD) Next year

23,

To: Shirley Haines From: Matthew Rockwell Subject: Financial planning Attach: Financial Plans for Small Businesses

Shirley,

Have you seen the attached article on financial plan-

ning? It appeared in this week’s issue of Small

Business Oumer magazine lt has given me a new perspective on things I can’t believe we have already

been running our business for six months, but we still

haven't sat down together to write out a financial plan

Overall, I believe our business is doing well, and we

certainly have enough clients But, | vow understand that our future success depends on having a good

financial plan We need to project our earnings for the next year and set financial targets We should get to

work on this right away Can we meet tomorrow after- noon? Three o'clock is a good time for me Let me know soon

Matthew

The word typicaily in line 3 of the article is closest

in meaning to (A) unfortunately (B) usually (C) really

(D) sadly

The word perspective in line 4 of the e-mail is closest in meaning to

{A} information

(B) advice (C) goai (Đ) view