Relative clauses: Mệnh đề quan hệ Mệnh đề tính từ hay mệnh đề quan hệ được đặt sau danh từ để phụ nghĩa, được nối bằng các đại từ quan he Relative pronounsä: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, THAT, WHOS[r]
Trang 1UNIT 5: THE MEDIA
I Tag questions : Câu hỏi đuôi
- Câu hỏi đuôi là dạng câu hỏi Yes /No, nó bao gồm 2 phần: phần đầu (là một câu) và phần đuôi Phần đuôi đặt sau dấu phẩy ở cuối câu
- Ở phần đuôi nếu có “not” thì phải luôn được viết tắt.
- Các chủ từ ở phần đuôi phải luôn chuyển về thành 1 trong các chủ từ: I, he, she, it,
we, you, they sau cho phù hợp với chủ từ đầu câu.
Ex: Tam ate dinner, didn’t he?
* Rules: Quy tắc
Sentence : phần đầu câu Tag question : phần đuôi
S + haven’t/ hasn’t + V3/ed have/ has + S
S + am not/ isn’t/ aren’t am/ is/ are + S
S + can/could/will/shall/might + not can/could/will/shall/might + S
S + can/could/will/shall/might can/could/will/shall/might + not + S
Ex: They won’t go camping, will they?
Lan hasn’t worked here since last year, has she?
We visited Da Lat, didn’t we?
Bài tập
Viết phần câu hỏi đuôi cho các câu sau:
1 Tom won’t be late, ?
2 You went to an internet service last night, _?
3 Hoa likes reading detective movie, _?
4 These cakes look good, _?
5 Graham Bell invented the telephone, _?
6 Phong and Kien were talking when you came, _?
7 Dam Vinh Hung is the most famous singer this year, _?
8 Shakespeare’s plays have been performed everywhere, _?
9 We should call Rita, _?
10 You must do this exercise, _?
11 A new manager won’t come here tomorrow, _?
12 Your children watch TV a lot, _?
13 You often chat in your free time, _?
UNIT 6: THE ENVIRONMENRT
Conditional Sentences: Type 1 (Câu điều kiện loại 1)
Ex: If I finish my homework, I will go to the concert
= I will go to the concert if I finish my homework
* Mệnh đề điều kiện: If I finish my homework,
* Mệnh đề chính: I will go to the concert
Công thức
Trang 2If clause: Mệnh đề đk Main clause: Mệnh đề chính
If + S + V1… , (HTĐ) S + will + Vo……(TLĐ)
Bài tập
*Chia động từ trong ngoặc cho đúng thì:
1 If he (learn) to drive, he (be) able to drive his car
2 They (lose) _ their way if they (not have) _ a map
3 If the students (attend) _ Quang Trung school, they (have to wear) uniform
4 Frogs and toads (die) a lot if people (continue) _ to use electricity to catch fish
5 If Lan (not have) a bicycle, she (not go) camping with us
6 His father (buy) _ that house if it (not be) expensive
7 If students (not throw) plastic bags anymore, our school yard (clean)
8 If you (go) _ out now, you (get) wet
9 I (do) the test in five minutes if it (not be) _ difficult
10 If people (continue) _ to throw trash onto the water, it (not be) _ fresh enough to use
11 If the weather (be) _ fine, we (go) on our picnic
12 You (not finish) your work if you (be) lazy
13 If people (use) public transport, there (be) _ less pollution
14 If it (be) _ raining this evening, I (not go) _
15 If the sea water (continue) to be polluted, many fish pieces (become) _ extinct
16 Plants (die) if they (not get) sun and water
17 If you (get) a chance to study in a foreign country, what you (do) ?
18 If you (need) any help, please (ask) _ me
19 You (need) _ to put some petrol in the car if you (take) it
20 If Lan (not prepare) _ _ for the test soon, she (not pass) it
UNIT 7: SAVING ENERGY
I Connectives: Các từ dùng để nối câu.
Ta dùng các liên từ như and, but, because, so, or để nối 2 câu đơn thành một câu ghép Therefore (do đó) và However (tuy nhiên) cũng được dùng như thế nhưng chúng được đặt
sau dấu chấm.
Ex: People have thrown lots of plastic bags, so the environment is polluted.
(Người ta thải quá nhiều bao nhựa, do vậy môi trường bị ô nhiễm).
Ex: He didn’t win the first prize However, he will try again next year.
(Anh ta không đạt giải nhất Tuy nhiên, anh ta sẽ cố vào sang năm).
II Phrasal verbs: Cụm động từ.
Cụm động từ được bắt đầu bằng một động từ (V) và theo sau nó là một giới từ (Preposition)
to turn off :tắt to look at : ngắm nhìn to wait for : chờ
to turn on : mở to sit down : ngồi to consist of:bao gồm
to look for : tìm kiếm to listen to : nghe to belong to : thuộc về
to look after : chăm sóc to talk to : nói với (ai) to care about: quan tâm
to go on : tiếp tục to agree with : đồng ý to look up : tra từ điển
Ex: He is talking to his father about his future plans.
Trang 3Please turn off the refrigerator!
III Making suggestions: Đề nghị, yêu cầu.
1 Suggest + V-ing……:
Ex: I suggest using banana leaves to wrap things.
(Tôi đề nghị sử dụng lá chuối để gói các thứ)
=> S + suggest + V-ing……
2 Suggest (that) + S + should…… :
Ex: I suggest (that) we should clean our schoolyard on Saturdays.
(Tôi đề nghị chúng ta nên làm sạch trường ta vào các thứ bảy)
=> S + suggest (that) + S + should + Vo……
Bài tập III Kết hợp các câu sau dùng 1 liên từ thích hợp:
11 Solar panels are placed on the roof of the house They can get the sun’s energy
12 He is tired He has to finish his homework
13 The weather is bad They went for a walk
14 The ordinary bulbs waste lots of electricity People should use energy-saving bulbs
15 He forgot his umbrella He got wet
16 You cannot leave here You don’t give me the answer
17 Would you like to eat noodles, soup just a drink?
18 She went to the market for long She bought nothing
Bạn đề nghị ra sao đối với những tình huống này:
19 People throw plastic bags everywhere
20 She always turns on the lights when going to bed
21 There are many cracks in your pipe
22 They use many ordinary 100 watt light bulbs
23 Tim has a bad toothache
24 People waste lots of gas and oil on cooking
25 She failed her final exam
26 The area around the beach is full of trash
27 People use their own cars to go to work and make the traffic heavier
28 Today, more people catch fish by using dynamite
Trang 4
29 The students in this school throw plastic bags everywhere in the yard
30 The government hasn’t done anything to the pollution here
IV Chọn 1 đáp án đúng nhất trong a, b, c hoặc d để điền vào chổ trống:
31 Don’t forget to turn the off Water is expensive
32 I think shower instead of bath to save water
33 A new air-conditioner will be _ there next week
34 What can we do to spend less lighting?
35 Is he an actor a singer? - An actor
36 The government suggests money for the poor in their neighborhood
37 What are you looking ? - My picture book I’ve lost it
38 It’s important _ energy, and we have to do it right now or it’s too late
39 Why don’t we _ a plumber instead of a electrician?
40 The countryside is fresh many people don’t like living there
however
V Chọn từ hoặc cụm từ gạch chân cần được sửa lỗi và sửa lại cho đúng:
41 How about having dinner and then go to the theater?
42 It’s possible store solar energy for a number of days
43 Our environment has become worse but there are many factors causing from men
44 My recent electricity is enormous so I’m worried in it
45 She turned on her radio at the lowest in order not to disturb the others at night
a turned on b the lowest c in order not to d the others
UNIT 8: CELEBRATIONS
I Relative clauses: Mệnh đề quan hệ
Mệnh đề tính từ hay mệnh đề quan hệ được đặt sau danh từ để phụ nghĩa, được nối bằng các đại từ quan he (Relative pronouns)ä: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, THAT, WHOSE
1 WHO: thay thế cho người, làm chủ từ trong MĐQH.
Ex: - I need to meet the boy The boy is my friend’s son
I need to meet the boy who is my friend’s son
- The woman is standing over there She is my sister
The woman who is standing over there is my sister
2 WHOM: thay thế cho người, làm túc từ trong MĐQH
Ex:- I know the girl I spoke to this girl
Trang 5 I know the girl whom I spoke to
- The man is my teacher Your father is talking to him
The man whom your father is talking to is my teacher
3 WHICH: thay thế cho vật, đồ vật; làm chủ từ, túc từ trong MĐQH.
Ex: - She works for a company It makes cars
She works for a company which makes cars
- The Passover is very exciting People hold it in late March or early April
The Passover which people hold in late March or early April is very exciting
4 THAT: thay thế cho người, vật; làm chủ từ, túc từ trong MĐQH.
Ex: - I need to meet the boy that is my friend’s son
- The woman that is standing over there is my sister
- I know the girl that I spoke to
- The man that your father is talking to is my teacher
- She works for a company that makes cars
- The Passover which people hold in late March or early April is very exciting
5 WHOSE: thay thế cho sở hữu của người, vật (his-, her-, its-, their-)
Ex: - John found the cat Its leg was broken
John found the cat whose leg /(the leg of which) was broken
- This is the student I borrowed his book
This is the student whose book I borrowed
6 WHERE: thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn: there, at that place
Ex: - The movie theater is the place We can see films at that place
The movie theater is the place where we can see films
7 WHY: thay thế cho cụm trạng từ chỉ lí do: for that reason
Ex: - Tell me the reason You are so sad for that reason
Tell me the reason why you are so sad
8 WHEN: thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ thời gian: then, at that time, on that day
Ex: - Do you remember the day We first met on that day
Do you remember the day when we first met ?
II Adverbs clauses of concession: Mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ.
Although = Though = Even though (conjunction): mặc dù
Ex: Although/ Though/ Even though there are many celebrations, Tet is the most important
celebrations for Vietnamese people
Ex: We go to school although/ though/ even though it rains heavily.
=> Although/ Though/ Even though + S + V… , S + V……
S + V…… although/ though/ even though + S + V…….
Bài tập
I Chọn từ có phần gạch chân có cách phát âm khác so với các từ còn lại:
3 a celebrate b congratulate c nominate d considerate
II Chọn từ có phần trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết khác so các từ còn lại:
6 a slavery b compliment c distinguish d excellent
10 a Jewish b although c together d important
Trang 6III Kết hợp các câu sau dùng Although/ Though/ Even though:
11 She has been on a diet for 2 years She’s still fat
_
12 It was darker and darker They continued to work
_
13 The traffic turned red He didn’t stop his car
_
14 She didn’t eat much She was very hungry
_
15 He often tells lies Many people believe him
_
16 The children always love their mother She behaved not very well to them
_
17 Her father gave her some bread She still cried for food
_
18 The forecast said it would rain It turned out to be a beautiful day
_
Kết hợp các câu sau dùng 1 đại từ quan hệ thích hợp:
19 My youngest sister has just got married You met her at my house last week.
_
20 Last week I returned to my village I was born there forty years ago
_
21 That man is an experienced doctor His house is near mine
_
22 Do you remember the day? We first met on that day
_
23 The girls are performing the play They rehearsed it yesterday
_
24 The student kept talking about the project It was done last week
_
25 The lady is a teacher at our school She went on a picnic with us last weekend
_
26 This is the fishing village She met her lover there ten years ago
_
27 I come from a city This city is located in the southern part of the country
_
28 The reporter has just interviewed me He appeared on TV last night
_
29 The dogs have disappeared for 2 days I’m looking for them
_
30 The plants need a lot of water They are in the living room
_
IV Chọn 1 đáp án đúng nhất trong a, b, c hoặc d để điền vào chổ trống:
31 We are so proud _ her for telling the truth
32 On Easter Day, people crowd the streets to watch colorful _
programs
33 Last week we went to the show soon the traffic was terrible
Trang 734 The men and animals _ you saw on TV last night were from China.
35 We think that the Mother’s Day should be celebrated _
36 His sense of humor distinguishes him from the others
37 They decided to go out _ it rained hard
38 He was nominated the representative of his class
39 Passover is also an spring festival
40 Could you give me the reasons _ the Father’s Day?
a celebrate b celebrating c celebration d celebrated
V Chọn từ hoặc cụm từ gạch chân cần được sửa lỗi và sửa lại cho đúng:
41 The path was made by walkers where crossed the mountains some years ago
42 Tan and his lovely cat which the police are finding disappeared last week
a lovely b which c are finding d disappeared
43 Let me congratulate you on pass your exam to university
44 The woman who son is excellent in math lives next door to us
45 Lynne, who is a friend of mine, has a great sense of humorous
Trang 8UNIT 9: NATURAL DISASTERS
I Relative Pronouns: Đại từ quan hệ Who, That, Which (see Unit 8)
II Defining and Non-defining Relative Clauses: MĐQH giới hạn và MĐQH không giới
hạn
1 Defining Relative Clauses: MĐQH giới hạn
Dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước chưa được xác định rõ Nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề
chính sẽ không rõ nghĩa
Ex: I saw the girl She helped us last week.
I saw the girl who/that helped us last week
2 Non-defining Relative Clauses: MĐQH không giới hạn
Dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước đã được xác định rõ, là phần giải thích thêm.
Nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề chính vẫn rõ nghĩa Mệnh đề này thường được tách khỏi mệnh đề chính
bằng dấu phẩy “,”.
Ta dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định khi:
- Trước danh từ quan hệ có: this/that/these/those/my/her/his/…
Ex: My father is a doctor He is fifty years old
My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor
- Từ quan hệ là tên riêng hoặc danh từ riêng
Ex: Mr Brown is a very nice teacher We studied English with him.
Mr Brown, who we studied English with, is a very nice teacher
* LƯU Ý: KHÔNG dùng THAT trong MĐQH không hạn định.
Mr Brown, that we studied English with, is a very nice teacher
Bài tập
I Chọn từ có phần gạch chân có cách phát âm khác so với các từ còn lại:
II Chọn từ có phần trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết khác so các từ còn lại:
6 a funnel b tornado c experience d predict
III Kết hợp các câu sau dùng 1 đại từ quan hệ thích hợp, phân biệt MĐQHKXĐ.
11 The fish was not good I ate it yesterday
_
12 The flowers are still fresh I cut them this morning
_
13 The man was a doctor His son was intelligent
_
14 I have just met the boy His father is poor
_
15 This is the first pupil He came this morning
_
16 Where is there a shop? The shop sells postcards?
Trang 9 _
17 The girl has left the room I was talking to her mother
_
18 We know the person The person’s daughter is fond of dancing
_
19 The shoes are mine They are under the bed
_
20 Was the hat very expensive? You were wearing it yesterday
_
21 His grandfather was taken into hospital His health hadn't been good recently
_
22 The raincoat is mine It is red
_
23 The teacher lives near my house He taught me English last year
_
24 The girl tells her mother about the story She read it last night
_
25 My sister will leave here tomorrow Her name is Alison
_
26 This is Mr David He wants to meet you
_
27 The museum wasn't open on Sundays You wanted to visit it
_
28 I always remember the day We first came here on that day
_
29 The novel is about two young lovers Their romance ended happily
_
30 The earth is the third planet from the sun It is the fifth largest planet in the solar system
_
IV Chọn 1 đáp án đúng nhất trong a, b, c hoặc d để điền vào chổ trống:
31 Earthquakes, tornadoes, tidal waves and volcano eruptions are _
a natural happenings b natural disasters
c natural events d natural occurrences
32 We must find a time _ we can meet and a place _ we can talk
33 The Nha Rong Harbor Uncle Ho left to find freedom for his nation, is attractive
to visitors
34 Hoa and her dog are standing over there go to the park every Sunday
35 Millions of people become because of the natural disasters every year
homework
36 I can’t hear what you are saying Can you the radio?
37 Tornadoes can suck up anything _ is in their path
38 The city was destroyed after the earthquake measured 8,5 on the Richter scale
Trang 1039 Please bring some raincoats just _ case.
40 The letter will be returned to the person name is inside
V Chọn từ hoặc cụm từ gạch chân cần được sửa lỗi và sửa lại cho đúng:
41 Do you find Jack, that is a new student, intelligent?
42 Relations between the 2 countries have been badly damage by this incident
43 According to the weather forecast, it will be sun tomorrow
a according to b weather forecast c be d sun
44 In Asia, a tropical storm is called “typhoon” where is coming from Chinese language
45 He has just come back to the village when he was born