To answer the question, determine the height of the News white portion of the graph’s right-hand bar.. ITIN-ERANT means “traveling about or nomadic.” The word settled means just the oppo
Trang 1which is greater than the cost of a
case ($17.40) by less than the cost of
one can Accordingly, Quantity A is
15
8 The correct answer is (B) To
answer the question, determine the
height of the News (white) portion of
the graph’s right-hand bar
Together, the News and Sports
por-tions of the middle bar account for
about one-half the bar’s total height
(They represent 8–9 of 16–17 total
hours.) Conversely, all other
pro-grams (Entertainment and Other)
account for 50 percent of the total as
well
10 The correct answer is (D) Your
task here is to compare the size of
the entertainment portion of the left
bar to the combined sizes of the same
portion of the other two bars The
first portion is larger than the other
two combined, So you’re looking for a
ratio that’s greater than 1:1
Eliminate choices (A) and (B)
Approximate the height of each of
the three portions:
13–18 age group: 25 hours
19–24 age group: 5 hours
25–30 age group: 10 hours
The ratio in question is 25:15, or 5:3
11 The correct answer is (C) The
ring’s height is equal to its radius To
determine Quantity A (the surface
area of the outside of the ring),
mul-tiply the ring’s circumference (2pr)
by its height (r):
SA = (2pr)(r) = 2pr2
To determine Quantity B (twice the
ring’s circular area), multiply 2 by
the base’s area: 2pr2 As you can see, the two quantities are equal
12 The correct answer is (C) The
average (arithmetic mean) of any two numbers is half their sum
Regardless of the values of x and y,
Quantity A will always equal Quantity B:
( 1)+( +1)= +
13 The correct answer is (B) There
are six possible sequences, and so Quantity A = 1
6 Any of the three patrons (including the one who is middle in height) could be first, second, or third in line; hence Quantity B = 1
3.
14 The correct answer is (A) The tax
($1.00) is based on a $9.00 price
Thus, the tax is 1
9, which is greater than 11% (1
9
11 99
= ; 11% = 11
100.)
15 The correct answer is (C) 326 = (313)(313), and 913= (313)(313) As you can see, the two quantities are equal
16 The correct answer is (E) The
table does not indicate the highest temperature recorded during April, and so it is not possible to determine the range of temperatures for April
17 The correct answer is (C) You can
express the centered information as
the algebraic form 2n + 5 = 17 Now, solve for n: 2n = 12; n = 6 Find
Quantity A: 3 less than 6
2 is 3 2 3 =
0 Find Quantity B: 2 less than 6
3 is
2 2 2 = 0
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18 The correct answer is (B) The
comparison is easily made by
substi-tuting some simple numbers for p and q For example, assume p = 1 and q = 2 The ratio of p to (p + 1) is
1:2, or1
2, while the ratio of q to (q + 1)
is 2:3, or2
3 As long as 0 , p , q, the inequality p
p
q q
+1< +1 will hold.
Standard deviation measures the dispersion of numbers around the mean (simple average) of those numbers The greater the dispersion, the greater the standard deviation
In both sets, the range is 3 If x = 1
2, the dispersions are the same (Quantity A = Quantity B) because the means would be the same Oth-erwise, the dispersions—and the two quantities—differ from each other
20 The correct answer is (A) $54 is
90% of what Kirk collected Express this as an equation:
54 90
540 9 60
=
=
=
x x x
Kirk collected $60 If each paper sells for 40 cents, the number of papers Kirk sold is: 60
0.40=
600
4 = 150.
21 The correct answer is (C) The
key to this problem is in determining the interior angles of the various tri-angles formed by the runways The interior angle formed by the 120°-turn from runway 1 to 2 is 60° (a 180°-turn would reverse the air-plane’s direction) Similarly, the interior angle formed by the 135°-turn from runway 1 to 3 is 45° (180°
2 135°) Two right-triangle “angle triplets” emerge: a 45°-45°-90° triplet and a 30°-60°-90° triplet, as shown in the figure below Since the sum of any triangle’s interior angles
is 180°, the remaining angles can also be determined:
Among the three Roman-numeral choices, only I and III provide angles shown in the figure above
22 The correct answer is (C) Based
on the definition of a geometric sequence in the question, all pairs of successive terms must have the same ratio Thus, x
x
− =
− 2
8
Cross-multiplying, x2 = 16, and hence x =
64 The constant multiple is either 2
or 22 If the second term is 4, the sixth term is 64 If the second term is –4, the sixth term is –64
Manipulate the expression in Column A so that it resembles the expression in Column B Distribute the denominator to each term in the numerator, then cancel common terms:
a b ab
a ab
b ab
a b
b a
2+ 2 = 2 + 2 = +
24 The correct answer is 4
5 (Enter 4
in the upper box and 5 in the lower
PART VI: Five Practice Tests 464
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box.) The line has a slope of
m= −
− −( )=
5 1
4
5.
25 The correct answer is (A) f(2u) =
(2u)2 2 2u = 4u2 2 2u, and 2f(u) =
2(u22 u) = 2u22 2u You can cancel
out the term 22u from both columns,
which leaves a comparison between
4u2 and 2u2 Given u Þ 0, Quantity
A Quantity B
26 The correct answer is (E) The
total rent is D + 100, which must be
divided by the number of students
(M)
27 The correct answer is (B) Since
the smallest circle has a radius of 1,
the middle-sized circle has a radius
of 2, and, therefore, the diameter of
the large circle must be 6, which
makes its radius 3 The arc of a
semi-circle is half the semi-circle’s
circumfer-ence—that is, pr So the length of
the boundary of the shaded region is
the sum of the arcs of the three semi-circles: p + 2p + 3p = 6p
28 The correct answer is (D) Given a
3:5 male-female ratio and a total of 2,400 voters, the number of male voters must be 3
8 of 2,400, or 900.
Accordingly, female voters must account for the remaining 1,500
Determine the number of male voters needed altogether for a 4:5 male-female ratio (assuming the number of female voters remains unchanged at 1,500) by setting up a proportion and solving for that number:
4
5 1 500
5 6 000
1 200
=
=
=
x
x x
, , , Since the district currently includes
900 male voters, 300 more are needed to make the ratio 4:5
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Verbal Reasoning
1 A
2 C
3 B
4 B
5 D
6 C
7 E
8 A
9 E
10 B
11 A
12 C
13 A
14 E
15 E
16 A
17 D
18 C
19 E
20 D
21 C
22 B
23 E
24 D
25 A
26 C
27 B
28 D
29 (i) insatiably ambitious (ii) paradigmatic (iii) dilemmas
30 D
1 The correct answer is (A)
ITIN-ERANT means “traveling about or
nomadic.” The word settled means
just the opposite
2 The correct answer is (C) This is
a “possible use of ” analogy type A weapon is a tool that’s often used to
INTIMIDATE Similarly, an icebox is
a tool that’s typically used to pre-serve (by means of freezing).
3 The correct answer is (B) This is
a “necessary condition” analogy
GESTATION means “pregnancy”;
NATAL means “pertaining to birth.”
Thus, gestation is a necessary con-dition for and must precede a birth
Similarly, a premise is a necessary
condition for and must precede a
conclusion.
INCREDULITY means “disbelief or
distrust”; faith means “trust.”
5 The correct answer is (D) The
two missing words should convey a contrast for the second half of the sentence, as indicated by the phrase
“differs greatly.” Choice (D) works
because nocturnal opposes “active during the day,” and solitary opposes
the idea of “quite complex interrela-tionships.”
6 The correct answer is (C) To VIE
is to compete or contend (as in a contest), contrary to giving up, or
admitting defeat.
VERDANT means “lush and
over-grown”; desolate means “bare of any
living thing.”
8 The correct answer is (A) The
first missing word should convey an idea that fits the concept of “personal interaction”; the second missing word should describe the kind of
“well-being” that would have a
“chemical” basis Only the word pair
love and physical fits both
require-ments
9 The correct answer is (E) Choice
(E) is consistent with Arnold’s views,
as presented by the author The passage emphasizes Arnold’s argu-ment for the pursuit of perfection; thus, Arnold would probably agree that we should study the “excep-tional” rather than the “represen-tative.” Besides, choice (E) is inconsistent with the viewpoint of multiculturalists (with whom Arnold disagrees) that “we must learn what
is representative, for we have over-emphasized what is exceptional.”
Arnold’s Culture was published in
PART VI: Five Practice Tests 466
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1869 The three forms of opposition
to Arnold’s ideas as presented in this
work developed after its publication;
therefore, they must have emerged
later than 1869
11 The correct answer is (A) The
author’s threshold purpose,
articu-lated in the final sentence of the first
paragraph, is to identify the
sig-nificant forms of dissent to Arnoldian
culture But the author proceeds to
do more than merely identify and
describe these forms of dissent; the
author is also critical of the
dis-senters, for example, because they
have misunderstood Arnold Choice
(A) embraces both the author’s
threshold and ultimate concerns
12 The correct answer is (C) This is
a “type of” analogy A DECREE is a
pronouncement or declaration A
decree INFORMS, but it’s a
distinc-tively official or formal way of doing
so Similarly, resigning is a formal
way of quitting.
13 The correct answer is (A) This is
a “possible element of” analogy One
common, but not essential,
ingre-dient of a CONFECTION (sweet
candy) is CINNAMON Similarly,
one common, but not essential,
element of a tale (story) is a villain.
14 The correct answer is (E) Since
an “intact nuclear family” contrasts
with “today’s” marital trends, it is
clear that the sentence refers to the
nuclear family as something out of
the past Thus, for the second blank,
a word like traditional, choice (E), or
possibly obsolete, choice (B), is
needed Choice (E) is better because
the word astonishing sets up the
appropriate contrast, whereas the
idea that the belief is encouraging
suggests a value judgment unsup-ported by the rest of the sentence
15 The correct answer is (E) One
meaning of LATITUDE is “freedom from limitations or restraints”—just
the opposite of restraint.
16 The correct answer is (A) In
order, the passage examines the
sur-vival mechanisms allowing lyngbya
to reemerge today; the economic and ecological consequences of the strain’s reemergence; and the pre-cipitating cause of the strain’s reemergence Choice (B) is clearly off the passage’s focus, and choice (E) is far too broad in scope Of the remaining three choices, choice (A) comes closest to embracing the entire discussion
17 The correct answer is (D) In the
first paragraph, among the
explana-tions given for lyngbya’s survival is
that when it dies and decays, the decaying matter, which is rich in the nutrients the strain needs to grow, sinks to the sea floor, where it
nour-ishes the next generation of lyngbya.
In this sense, the strain has survived partly by its ability to essentially feed on itself
18 The correct answer is (C) The
author discusses algae only to state
(in the first paragraph) that lyngbya
is an ancestor of modern-day algae and that it relies on a different light spectrum than modern-day algae
19 The correct answer is (E) PITH
refers to “the heart or essence of the matter.” A pithy observation or remark is one that is incisive and on
point A tangent, to the contrary, is a
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divergence from a course of thought
or action
20 The correct answer is (D) This is
an “individual member to group”
analogy A RUNT is the smallest member of a litter (a group of newborn SIBLING animals)
Simi-larly, a penny is the smallest
denomi-nation among all forms of U.S
currency (money).
21 The correct answer is (C) The
first operative word in the sentence
is since, which means “because” here.
The fact that the disorders appear frequently only among young children would explain the con-clusion that these “disorders” are not disorders at all, but rather normal developmental phenomena that children grow out of Choice (C) conveys this idea The second key
word is “disorders” (in quotes) The
fact that the word appears in quotes provides a clue that the term might
be a misnomer—an inappropriate label Again, choice (C) conveys this idea
22 The correct answer is (B) This is
an “ideal characteristic of” analogy A good CARETAKER is ATTENTIVE;
in fact, “attending to” is the function
of a caretaker Similarly, good writ-ing is legible; in fact, the purpose of
writing is usually that it be read
23 The correct answer is (E) This is
an “inherent purpose of ” analogy A TRAVESTY is an imitation intended
to RIDICULE (deride or mock); simi-larly, a forgery is an imitation
intended to deceive.
24 The correct answer is (D) The
use of a code number to keep the
contestants’ identities secret is clearly designed to maintain the impartiality (fairness and lack of favoritism or bias) of the judging process
25 The correct answer is (A) This is
an “operates against” analogy To SHORE is to prop or support (espe-cially, a ship, wall, or building) The word PRECARIOUS means “in-secure or uncertain.” So you lessen precariousness (of a wall, for example) by shoring it up Similarly, one way to lessen irregularity
(unevenness) of a surface is to
plane it.
26 The correct answer is (C) In the
passage, the author tells us that new U.S jobs in the service industries will require literacy skills that are lacking among members of the current U.S labor force in these industries The clear implication is that, unless these industries take steps to improve their workers’ lit-eracy skills (or teach new workers the required literacy skills), these new jobs will be filled by people from outside the United States
27 The correct answer is (B) In the
passage, the author mentions “arith-metic computations” along with reading and writing skills in describing the sorts of “literacy skills” that future jobs will require— hence the inference that math skills are becoming increasingly valuable
at the workplace
28 The correct answer is (D) To
OBLIGATE is to “bind, compel, or make indebted or grateful”; a con-trary act would be to release from
obligation, or excuse from debt.
PART VI: Five Practice Tests 468
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29 The correct answers are (i)
insa-tiably ambitious, (ii)
paradig-matic, and (iii) dilemmas Great
achievers nevertheless driven to top
their latest accomplishments would
aptly be described as insatiably
ambitious; that is, never satisfied
with their achievements The second
sentence discusses a classic, or
model, example of the phenomenon
described in the first sentence The
word paradigmatic means “classic or
model,” so it’s perfect for blank (ii)
The passage’s final phrase provides
the key to filling in blank (iii) What someone might struggle to solve is a problem or puzzle, which is exactly
what the word dilemma means.
30 The correct answer is (D) This is
a “process and product” analogy You take, or SWEAR, an OATH
Simi-larly, you execute, or sign, a contract.
Strengthening the analogy is that both actions (swearing an oath and signing a contract) are evidence of a promise or commitment for the future
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answer sheet
.
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