~ Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make the sound // 423 « Listen to these examples and repeat them.. weak E: garden paper under weak O: police doctor correct “| ate an ap
Trang 1
6.2
6.3
Section A Letters and sounds
Exercises
Listen to the letters of the alphabet If the letter has the sound /i has the sound /e/, write e under it If the letter does not have /i:/ or /e/, don't write anything
Change the vowel sound from /e/ to /i:/ in these words Write the new words
EXAMPLE met
1 check
2 red
3 bet
4 men
5 fell
Find a way from Start to Finish You may pass a square only if the word in it has the sound [is
You can move horizontally (<>) or vertically (¢) only
START
dream dead cream jeans steak cheat
† † † + et
FINISH
Listen and circle the word you hear If you find any of these difficult, go to Section D4 Sound pairs for further practice
1 Men or man? Did you see the men / man? (sound pair 1)
2 Pen or pain? I’ve got a pen / pain in my hand (sound pair 4)
3 Bear or beer? That's a strong bear / beer (=sound pair 8)
6 Left or lift? You should take the left / lift (sound pair 13)
“Follow uy
‘the two |
recording in about t Now go to Unit 26
English Pronunciation in Use 21
Trang 2Carrot, cabbage
Unstressed vowels /9/ and /1/
In words with two or more syllables, at least one syllable is weak (does not have stress)
Listen to these words which have two syllables, and the second syllable is weak
| In weak syllables, native speakers of English very often use the weak vowel sounds /a/ and /i/
* Listen again to the two words above: the O in carrot is pronounced /2/ and the A in cabbage
| is pronounced /i/
HEED ~ Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make the sound //
423) « Listen to these examples and repeat them The weak vowels in the unstressed syllables in bold
are pronounced /2/
weak E: garden paper under weak O: police doctor correct
“| ate an apple and a banana in a cinema in Canada.”
important
I Kor listening)
GS) .- Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make the sound /i/
430, « Listen to these examples and repeat them, The weak vowels in the unstressed syllables in black
are pronounced //,
——— weak A: orange cabbage
r ( A Mier
NEW Spelling
Notice in the examples above that nearly any vowel spelling may be pronounced as a weak vowel
LAX Note: often, whole words are pronounced as weak syllables, with a weak vowel For example: half an hour, going to work, Jim was late See Unit 33
22 English Pronunciation in Use
Trang 3Section A Letters and sounds
Exercises
Listen to the poem Circle the words which rhyme
Listen In each sentence or phrase there are two vowels which are not /o/ Circle them
EXAMPLE an @pple and a ban@na
1 from Canada to China
2 The parrot was asleep
3 The cinema was open
4 the photographer's assistant
5 a question and an answer
6 a woman and her husband
7 a pasta salad
Write the words in the correct part of the table Then listen and check
©range wemen return collect market begin visit — asleep
salad teaches needed letter sofa peaches quarter women
vowel in weak syllable = /a/ vowel in weak syllable = /1/
Listen and circle the word you hear
1 Woman or women? What time did the woman / women arrive?
2 Dress or address? Where’s Kate’s dress / address?
3 Manager's or manages? The team manager's / manages well
4 Teacher's or teaches? The German teacher's / teaches English
5 Weight’s or waiter’s? The weight’s / waiter’s heavy
6 Dancer's or dances? The woman dancer's / dances fast
7 Officer’s or office’s? The officer's / office's here
8 Away or way? Take that away / way
9 Driver or drive? What a nice driver / drive!
10 Racer's or races? The racer’s / races finished
Follow up: Record yourself saying the sentences in 7.4, choosing one of
‘the two words Make a note of which words you say Then listen to your
recording in about two weeks Is it clear which words you said?
English Pronunciation in Use 23
Trang 435a
A356
As
A3sd
ES
Few, view
The consonant sounds /f/ and /v/
* Listen to the two sounds /f/ and /v/ Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make these consonant sounds Notice
that in the sound /{/, there is no voice from the throat, and
when you say this sound, you can feel the air on your hand when you put it in front of your mouth In /v/, there is voice
(push air through gap)
oT
Now listen to the sound /{/ on its own
* Listen to the target sound /f/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side
carget /1y
copy coffee copy
“Frank found four frogs laughing on the floor.”
© Listen and repeat these examples of the target sound
photo fly freeze offer selfish _ gift knife stuff laugh
« Listen to the sound /v/ on its own
4366 « Listen to the target sound /v/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side
asget /v
4368 » Listen and repeat these examples of the target sound
visa river wave
vote wives twelve
Spelling
voice loved
of
“Vera drove to Venice in a van."
frequently sometimes notes
1 F (fell)
FF (offen
PH (photo)
GH (laugh)
The vowel is shorter before /{/ than /v/, for example in
leaf and leave If you have difficulty making the
difference, exaggerate the length of the vowel in /eave
Wi
24 English Pronunciation in Use
Trang 58.1
8.2
A37,
8.3
8.4
A38,
Section A Letters and sounds
Exercises
How many /f/ and /v/ sounds are there when you say these numbers? Write the number
EXAMPLE 55 4
Complete this conversation using words from the box Then listen and check
fan van wife’s wives
Sw: My .#i¢’S left me
Jor: Your left you? How many
Sw: One wife And now she has left me
_ did you have, Sid?
Jor: Oh, I see, eee With an FE, not _ with a V†
St: That’s right! Yes, she took the and drove off
Jor: What did she want the for?
Sw: I said you know, a kind of vehicle
Jor: Oh, I see: with a V, not with an Ft
Follow up: Play the recording again, pausing after each of Sid's lines
You say Joe's lines before listening to him saying them
Find 12 words beginning or ending with /f/ or /v/
The words are written horizontally (—>) or Cx thine A U6 Hl vertically (|) Note that the last letter is not always 0N SA VE
F or V Use all the letters,
LEẾIMabeaL F zpal | V-E
Q4a4PSQ0E-SrfEs;g.SAu À-< JES8 E
Listen and circle the word you hear If you find any of these difficult, go to Section D4 Sound pairs
for further practice
1 Thiefs or thieves’? These are the thief’s / thieves’ fingerprints (sound pair 37)
2 Few or view? She's painted a few / view (sound pair 37)
3 Copy or coffee? Do you want a copy / coffee? (sound pair 30)
4 Boat or vote? What are you going to do with your boat / vote? (sound pair 29)
5 Worse or verse? I don’t know which is worse / verse (sound pair 38)
6 Free or three? We got free / three tickets! (sound pair 39) Follow up: Record yourself saying the sentences in 8.4, choosing one of
the two words Make a note of which words you say Then listen to your
recording in about two weeks Is it clear which words you said?
Now go to Unit 28
English Pronunciation in Use 25
Trang 6
;
@
396
39
GP
Gate, Kate
The consonant sounds /g/ and /k/
« Listen to the two sounds /g/ and /k/ Look at the mouth
diagram to see how to make these sounds Notice that in the sound /g/, there is voice from the throat In /k/, there
is no voice from the throat When you say this sound,
you can feel the air on your hand when you put it in front of your mouth
back of tongue touches
top of mouth (stop air)
=
move back of tongue away | from top mouth (release air)
Now listen to the sound /g/ on its own
« Listen to the target sound /g/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side
<atBet /g/
Kate gate Kate back bag back Rood jeod wood | * This is the Scottish word for lake:
* t kế the final consonant sound does
poet = loch | not exist in English
« Listen and repeat these examples of the target sound
ghost guess green bigger ago angry dog cøg - league “Grandma gave the guests eggs and frog's legs”
4404 Listen to the sound /k/ on its own
408 « Listen to the target sound /k/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side
| gap cap gap
dogs docks dogs
water quarter water
A408 © Listen and repeat these examples of the target sound
keep club quick
GD Spelling
/q/ | G(go) GH (ghost) G can be silent (sign, foreign)
| GG (bigger) GU (guest) The vowel sound is a bit longer before /g/ than before
Jk] in pairs like bag and back
7k) | € (cơn) CC (soccer) | K (milk) QU spells the sound /kw/, e.g quick /kwik/
K (king) CK (locker) | CK (black) X spells the sound /ks/, e.g (six) /siks/
€ (comic) In some words beginning with K, the K is silent,
CH (ache) e.g know, knife
26 English Pronunciation in Use
Trang 79.1
9.2
Adi
9.3
A42
9.4
A43
Section A Letters and sounds
Exercises
Add the sound /g/ or /k/ to the beginning of these words and write the new words Remember: think
of sounds, not spelling For example, if you add /k/ to the beginning of water Iwa:tal, you get quarter /kwo:ta/ The sound is similar but the spelling is completely different!
EXAMPLE cight 44Ÿ€
4 mudlt Soi
Complete the second line to rhyme with the first line, using a word from the box
Then listen and repeat
rocks cake ache leeke key bigger queue kitchen six ask
EXAMPLE He dressed for soccer, And closed his `
1 Kelly Collins couldn’t figure, 4 I saw a fox,
How to make the plants grow = Behind those :
3 Mr Quinn ate so much steak,
He came home with a stomach 0000+
Complete this conversation using words from the box Then listen and check lock log Loch Sip: Hey, there’s the monster!
Jo
Sip:
you know, from a tree!
Jor: No, not a that you open with a key; a wm With a G!
Follow up: Play the recording again, pausing it after each of Sid's lines
You say Joe's lines before listening to him saying them
Listen and circle the word you hear If you find any of these difficult, go to Section D4 Sound pairs for further practice
1 Ghost or coast? Did you see the ghost / coast? (sound pair 40)
2 Glasses or classes? I don’t need glasses / classes (sound pair 40)
3 Bag or back? My bag’s / back’s wet (sound pair 40)
4 Goat or coat? SheS lost her goat / coat (sound pair 40)
Follow up: Record yourself saying the sentences in 9.4, choosing one of
the two words Make a note of which words you say Then listen to your Now go to Unit 29 recording in about two weeks Is it clear which words you said?
English Pronunciation in Use 27
Trang 8Hear, we're, year
The sounds /h/, /w/ and /j/
The sounds /h/, /w/ and /j/ only happen before a vowel sound
(43 « Listen to the sound /h/ Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this sound
Ấ#È « Listen to the target sound /h/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side Ase A448» Then listen and repeat the examples of the target sound
Examples
hair head who art heart art} ahead perhaps behave
lat back of OAR sheet tient’ sheet ‘Harry had a habit of helping hitch-hikers.”
* Listen to the sound /w/ Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this sound
“5b Listen to the target sound /w/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side, 4450» Then listen and repeat the examples of the target sound
lips forward
relax lips
carget Ji,
é Z ates vest west vest | Examples
: “Wendy went away twice a week.”
4464 « Listen to the sound /i/ Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this sound,
4468 « Listen to the target sound /i/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side
4462 + Then listen and repeat the examples of the target sound
Lư sarget fj
move tongue Wown jan “We didn't use euros in Europe a
to open gap down (a little) Pleasure player pleasure | few years ago.”
(portant >
EES Spelling
/b/_| H (hilh WH (who) H is often silent (hour, honest)
/w/_— | W (wil), WH (when) O (one, once) _ | The letters QU usually spell /kw/ (guite)
28 English Pronunciation in Use
Trang 9
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
Section A Letters and sounds
Exercises
Add one of these sounds to the start of these words to make other words: /h/, /j/, /w/
Think of sounds, not spelling!
EXAMPLE air —haic, where
In these groups of words, three of the words begin with the same consonant sound and one of the
words begins with a different sound Circle the one with the different sound You can use a dictionary
1 union used under university 4 year euro uniform untie
3 when who where which 6 one write world waste Each sentence contains four or five examples of one of these sounds: /h/, ƒwƒ, /i/
Write the phonemic letter under the sounds in the sentences
Example A fusion of Cuban and European music /j/
1 Your uniform used to be yellow /j/
2 Haley’s horse hurried ahead /h/
3 This is a quiz with twenty quick questions /w/
4 We went to work at quarter to twelve /w/
5 New York University student’s union /j/
6 The hen hid behind the hen house /h/
7 Which language would you like to work in? /w/
Listen and circle the word you hear If you find any of these difficult, go to Section D4 Sound pairs for further practice
1 Art or heart? This is the art / heart of the country (sound pair 41)
2 Hearing or earring? She’s lost her hearing / earring (sound pair 41)
3 West or vest? The west / vest is very warm (sound pair 38)
4 Aware or of air? They weren't made aware / of air (sound pair 38)
5 Use or juice? What's the use / juice? (sound pair 42)
6 Heat or sheet? I can’t sleep in this heat / sheet (sound pair 43)
Follow up: Record yourself saying the sentences in 10.4, choosing one
of the two words Make a note of which words you say Then listen to
_ your recording in about two weeks Is it clear which words you said?
English Pronunciation in Use 29
Trang 10Wine, win
The vowel sounds /a1/ and /1/
| When you say the letters of the alphabet, I has the long vowel sound /ai/ You hear this sound in
the word wine But the letter I is also pronounced as the short vowel sound /i/, as in the word twin
#85 © Listen to the sound /ai/ Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this long vowel sound
| A48b 6 Listen to the target sound /ai/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side
| <&> mate might
A48 s Listen and repeat these examples of the target sound
why wide wife buy buys bike
buportant
MIE 4° - Listen to the sound /i/ Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this short vowel sound
4° © Listen to the target sound /i/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side
A#%e » Listen and repeat these examples of the target sound
king kid kit pink pig — pick
fill fish fit “Tim bit a bit of Kitty's biscuit.”
MENS spelling
Jail | \-€ (smile), 1E (die) | IGH (high), | These spellings are not always pronounced /ui/
Y (cry) UY (buy) (fridge, city, friend)
Al 1 (win) Y (gym) The sound /i/ is also a weak vowel (see Unit 7), and can
have various spellings in an unstressed syllable (needed, cities, village) If there is an R after the letter | (and the
R does not have a vowel after it), | has a different pronunciation (See Unit 19.)
30 English Pronunciation in Use