General, organic biological chemistry, 5e chapter 16

General, Organic & Biological Chemistry, 5e TimberlakeChapter 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters Global Outcomes: GO2 2 The functional group in acetic acid is called the Global Outcomes: GO2

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General, Organic & Biological Chemistry, 5e (Timberlake)

Chapter 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters

Global Outcomes: GO2

2) The functional group in acetic acid is called the

3) Which of the following is found in vinegar?

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4) What is the common name of the compound?

OCH3 - CH2 - CH2 - C - OH is

5) What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

6) In the compound below, the hydroxyl group is in which position?

OCH3 - CH2 - CH - C - OH

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7) The compound below is named

A) benzoic acid amine

8) Which of these functional groups is likely to give a sour taste to a food?A) ester

9) What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

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10) What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

11) What kind of taste do carboxylic acids have?

12) W hat is the common name for ethanoic acid?

13) What is the irritating acid found in ant and bee stings?A) acetic acid

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14) Which organic acid accounts for the odor of rancid butter?

15) In the common naming convention for carboxylic acids, what is the correct Greek letter used for the carbon adjacent to the carboxyl group?

16) What therapeutic use is made of α-hydroxy acids?

17) What significant side effect is seen with α-hydroxy acid use?

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18) What α-hydroxy acid is found predominantly in grapes?

19) What is the method of preparing carboxylic acids from alcohols or aldehydes?A) reduction

20) A carboxylic acid is prepared from an aldehyde by

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21) The structural formula of the carboxylic acid produced by the oxidation of

22) A carboxylic acid is named in the IUPAC system by replacing the -e in the name of the parent alkane with

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23) Which carboxylic acid in the list below is an aromatic carboxylic acid?

24) What kind of intermolecular bonding occurs between carboxylic acids?

25) Why do carboxylic acids have higher boiling points than similar alcohols or aldehydes?A) They form dimers that are relatively stable

B) They are more water soluble

C) They have higher molecular weights

D) They have an additional oxygen atom

E) The carboxylic acid chain is not linear

Answer: A

Objective: 16.2

26) What happens to water solubility as chain length increases in carboxylic acids?

27) What is the common use of monosodium glutamate?

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28) What common use is made of sodium propionate and sodium benzoate?

29) What metabolic product of pyruvic acid is formed anaerobically during exercise?A) lactic acid

30) Which of these is an acid formed in the citric acid cycle?

31) When compared to sulfuric acid, how strong are carboxylic acids?

32) In water solution, how does dilute acetic acid behave?

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33) Which of the following is the reaction for the ionization of β-hydroxypropanoic acid in

34) The neutralization of formic acid by NaOH produces

A) sodium formate as the only product

B) formate ion and hydronium ion

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35) Which of the following compounds is most soluble in water?

36) Which of the following is the reaction for the neutralization of β-hydroxybutyric acid withNaOH?

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38) What is the product of the reaction of pentanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of a strong acid?

39) This functional group is known as a(n)

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40) The reactants that will form an ester in the presence of an acid catalyst are

A) two carboxylic acids

B) two alcohols

C) a carboxylic acid and an alcohol

D) an aldehyde and an alcohol

E) two aldehydes

Answer: C

Objective: 16.3

41) Which of these compounds is the ester formed from the reaction of acetic acid and propanol?

42) The alcohol and carboxylic acid required to form propyl ethanoate are

A) methanol and propionic acid

B) ethanol and propionic acid

C) propanol and propanoic acid

D) 1-propanol and ethanoic acid

E) 2-propanol and ethanoic acid

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D) a ketone

E) an aldehyde

Answer: B

Objective: 16.3

44) Derivatives of which aromatic carboxylic acid have been used as analgesics, antipyretics, and anti-inflammatory agents?

45) Many of the fragrances of flowers and the flavors of fruits are due to

46) What is the common name of this compound?

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47) Give the IUPAC name for the following compound.

A) ethyl propyl ether

48) Give the IUPAC name for the following compound

A) methyl formyl ether

49) From what component is the first part of the IUPAC name of an ester (such as methyl acetate) derived?

A) the carboxylic acid

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50) The splitting apart of an ester in the presence of a strong acid and water is calledA) hydrolysis.

51) Which of the following is the reaction for the acid hydrolysis of ethyl formate?

Objective: 16.5

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52) Which of the following is the reaction for the saponification of methyl acetate?

53) The reaction of an ester with NaOH is known as

54) What chemical process is responsible for the smell of vinegar in an old bottle of aspirin?A) reduction

B) hydration

C) hydrolysis

D) esterification

E) dissolution

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E) the carbonyl group

Answer: B

Objective: 16.5

56) What is the name of the structure formed when a soap coats an oily particle to make it water soluble?

2) The major acidic component of vinegar is formic acid

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.1

3) Alpha-hydroxy acids should be used at concentrations under 10% in skin care products.Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.1

4) It is always safe to use any commercial skin care product without doing a test patch first.Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.1

5) Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.1

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6) The IUPAC name of this compound is propanoic acid.

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.1

7) Carboxylic acids with more than five carbons are very water soluble

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.2

8) The boiling points of carboxylic acids are lower than the corresponding alcohols.Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.2

9) Carboxylic acids with four or fewer carbons are very water soluble

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.2

10) Sodium propionate is a common disinfectant

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.2

11) When in solution, carboxylic acids are mostly in their ionized forms

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.2

12) Sodium benzoate is a common preservative

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.2

13) Citric acid is an important part of glycolysis

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.2

14) The Krebs cycle is a process that the cell uses to produce energy

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.2

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15) The Krebs cycle and the citric acid cycle are different processes.

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.2

16) Carboxylic acids are strong acids

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.2

17) When benzoic acid is neutralized by sodium hydroxide, sodium benzoate is formed.Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.2

18) Esters are formed from the reaction of an ether with a carboxylic acid

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.3

19) An ester is derived from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.3

20) Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) is used therapeutically as a counter-irritant

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.3

21) Polyesters are plastics that are used to make fabrics, bottles, and medical devices such

as heart valves

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.3

22) Butyl alcohol is one of the reactants used to make methyl butyrate

Answer: FALSE

Objective: 16.3

23) The ester formed from butyl alcohol and acetic acid is called butyl acetate

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.4

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24) The IUPAC name of this compound is methyl butanoate.

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.4

25) Long chain carboxylic acids are also known as fatty acids

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.5

26) Aspirin that has a smell of vinegar has broken down by hydrolysis.Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.5

27) Soaps are salts of long chain fatty acids

Answer: TRUE

Objective: 16.5

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Select the correct name for the following.

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