Tài liệu Chapter 9: Creating Queries docx

9–16 ƒ Define filters in a query ƒ Create restricted key figures and calculated key figures in a query ƒ Create new formulas in a query ƒ Work with drilldown, currency conversion, ch

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Contents

Overview 9–2

Creating and Saving a New Query 9–3

Defining a Filter in a Query 9–9

Creating Restricted Key Figures 9–10

Creating a New Formula—Percentage Change InfoObject 9–12

Creating a Calculated Key Figure 9–14

Working with BW Queries: Additional Functions 9–16

ƒ Define filters in a query

ƒ Create restricted key figures and calculated key figures in a query

ƒ Create new formulas in a query

ƒ Work with drilldown, currency conversion, charts, and other BW query functions

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Overview

Overview

In chapter 8 you learned how to:

< Build a workbook template

< Insert an existing query into a workbook

< Save a workbook to the InfoCatalog Queries define the structure of a workbook in the Business Explorer (BEx) Analyzer In the

previous chapter you learned how to insert Bungee Software’s Sales Analysis query into a workbook With the help of a guided tour, you will now learn how to create the same query

During the query building process, you will learn how to define filters, create restricted key figures, and create calculated key figures Later in the chapter we cover additional features and functions to help you work with BW queries

Enable access to a workbook through the BEx Browser

Enable access to a workbook through the BEx Browser

Create a new query or modify an existing query

Create a new query or modify an existing query

Enhance workbook layout and functionality (optional)

Enhance workbook layout and functionality (optional)

Insert desired query (or queries) into a workbook

Insert desired query (or queries) into a workbook

Create a workbook template (optional)

Create a workbook template (optional)

Before Getting Started

Before you start building a query, it is important to have a clear understanding of the user requirements For instance, Bungee Software executives primarily request sales revenue and gross profit data, grouped by organization, product, customer, and sales employee Thus, the relevant characteristics are Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, Division, Material, Material Group, Customer, and Sales Employee The relevant key figures are Sales Revenue and Gross Profit Users can include key figures and characteristics in one or more queries

You are here

Chapter 9: Creating Queries Creating and Saving a New Query

In this example, we separate the sales revenue and the gross profit information into two different queries:

< Sales analysis query (0D_SD_DEMO_Q0001): First, you will learn how to build the sales

analysis query, including the creation of restricted key figures

< Gross profit analysis query (0D_SD_DEMO_Q0002): Next, you will learn to build the

gross profit analysis query, including the creation of calculated key figures

Creating Queries Based on the SAP DemoCube Before you can start creating the queries covered in this chapter, you must make sure that the SAP-delivered DemoCube is available in your BW system

The SAP DemoCube is available with BW Release 1.2B (patch 8) To work with the sample queries shown in this guide, you may need to activate the contents of the SAP DemoCube and upload the data to your system For help activating the SAP DemoCube, see your system administrator Information on the SAP DemoCube can also be found in chapter 11

Now let us return to the BEx Analyzer to start creating the sales analysis query

Guided Tour

Creating and Saving a New Query

1 To create a new query,

choose New from the

Business Explorer toolbar

1

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Creating and Saving a New Query

2 If you are already logged

on to the BW system, jump to step 3 If not, follow the onscreen prompts to log on to the

BW system

4 Choose the InfoCubes for

new query folder to get an

expanded list of the demo cubes

5 Expand the SAP Demo

area and choose the SAP DemoCube

Chapter 9: Creating Queries Creating and Saving a New Query

Take a few moments to

familiarize yourself with the

Define query: New query

window You can define

queries simply by dragging

and dropping available

objects (from the left side) to

the Definition area on the

right

7 Expand the SAP

DemoCube InfoCube to view the Key figure and Dimensions folders

Characteristic: A criterion (for example, plant, material, company code, etc.) used to select

data

Dimension: A logical grouping of characteristics

Key Figure: A value you can report on

Free Characteristics: Fields that can be defined to provide values according to whatever

criteria you select

7

Query toolbar: See next page to learn more

You can drag and drop characteristics and key

figures to the Filter, Free

Characteristics, Columns,

and Rows areas,

depending on how you want to set up your

this window

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Creating and Saving a New Query

The Query Toolbar

To help you become familiar with the Query toolbar, the following table shows how the various buttons are used during query definition

Transfer a query to a workbook

Exit the query

Create a new query

Open an existing query

Check the definition of a query

View where a query is used in all workbooks

Switch between displaying or maintaining a query

View the context menu to display the technical names of the fields in Query definition

Open the BEx help file

Chapter 9: Creating Queries Creating and Saving a New Query

8 Define Rows: From the

Organization dimension, drag the Company code into the Rows area

9 Define Columns: From

the Key figure folder and the Time dimension, drag Sales Revenue and Calendar Year into the Columns

area

10 Define Free

Characteristics (using drag and drop):

ƒ From the Organization dimension, drag Sales organization,

Distribution channel, and Division

ƒ From the Customer dimension, drag Sold- to-Party/Industry

ƒ From the Sales employee dimension, drag Sales employee

ƒ From the Product dimension, drag Material group and Material SAP (Demo)

ƒ From the Time dimension, drag Calendar year/quarter

You may want to avoid expanding the tree in the Available objects area unless necessary

Because there are thousands of items available (especially for customers and materials), an expanded listing could take some time to navigate In Release.1.2B, you can have a default setting that only lists the first 100 available objects

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Creating and Saving a New Query

11 Use drag-and-drop to

change the sequence of the InfoObject For instance, to re-position

the InfoObject, Sales Employee in the Free Characteristics area, drag the Sales Employee

InfoObject and drop it at

the Material InfoObject

area

12 The InfoObject Sales

Employee is repositioned after the Material SAP

13 Choose Save

14 In Technical name, enter a

name for the query (for

example, ZDEMO)

15 In Description, enter a

description for the query

(for example, Sales Analysis)

16 Choose OK to exit the

Save query screen

You have now created and

saved a basic query called

Chapter 9: Creating Queries Defining a Filter in a Query

Defining a Filter in a Query

You can use filters to show or hide values depending on your needs

1 Expand the

Version dimension

2 Drag 0D_VTYPE into the

Filter area

3 Select 0D_VTYPE,

right-click the mouse and

choose Restrict to restrict

the view of the data (for

example, Actual or Plan

views)

4 To view the actual data,

choose the Single value

tab

5 Click Display to get a

list of possible entries if needed Choose the value

the characteristic, Calendar Year and restricting the value interval year 1997 to 1998

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Creating Restricted Key Figures

7 The result of this query

will show the value type

Actual

You have successfully set a

filter for your query

Creating Restricted Key Figures

Restricted key figures are key figures with restricted values For example, in Columns you

can define the restricted key figures to limit the display of values within a calendar year

instead of using the characteristic, Calendar year to display the value for all available calendar years We will use Sales Revenue to restrict the display to values which fall in

calendar years 1998 and 1997

1 Using the Sales Analysis

query, choose

from the

Available objects area

2 Right-click and select New

restricted key figure

2 1

7

Chapter 9: Creating Queries Creating Restricted Key Figures

3 On the Restricted key figure

screen, choose a key

figure (for example, Sales Revenue) from the

Available objects area and drag it into the New restricted key figure folder

in the Definition area

4 From the Time dimension

drag Calendar year to the Definition area

5 Choose a characteristic

(such as Calendar Year),

right-click the mouse, and

choose Restrict

6 We will now define the

restriction for Calendar year to be used for the Sales Revenue key figures

In this example, only entries for 1998 will be shown

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Creating a New Formula—Percentage Change InfoObject

8 Enter the Technical name

and Description of the

restricted key figure

9 You can define how the

number of decimal places will be displayed

10 Use currency conversion

(if needed) to assign the currency in which the workbook values are to be displayed For more information on currency conversion, see chapter

11

11 Choose OK

Repeat steps 1 through 12 to

create the restricted key

figure, 1997 Sales Revenue

12 Drag the restricted key

figures, 1998 Sales Revenue and 1997 Sales Revenue

and drop them into the

Columns area The result

shows the defined 1998 and 1997 sales revenues restricted by the

characteristic, Calendar year

Note: Restricted key figures and calculated key figures are InfoCube dependent

Creating a New Formula—Percentage Change InfoObject

In the Bungee Software Sales Analysis report, there is a % Change column To define

formulas for structure elements in queries, SAP provides five different percent functions

For more information see Tips & Tricks in chapter 11 In the Sales Analysis report, we use the SAP-delivered % Percentage variance function

11

9 8

12

10

Chapter 9: Creating Queries Creating a New Formula—Percentage Change InfoObject

1 Using the Sales Analysis

query, choose

2 Right-click Structure and

select New formula

A popup window appears,

where we can define a new

formula (percentage variance

function)

3 Place the cursor in the

Formula area

4 From the Structure

elements folder in the Operands area, choose

1998 Sales Revenue

Double-click 1998 Sales Revenue to move it to the Formula area

5 From the Operators folder

in the Functions area, choose the Percentage functions folders Double- click % Percentage

variance The % symbol

now appears in the

Formula area

6 Repeat step 4 above and

choose the InfoObject,

1997 Sales Revenue

7 Enter a description, %

Change

8 Choose Check to verify

whether the formula is

7

8

9 3

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Creating a Calculated Key Figure

query into a workbook

Using the approach shown in

the preceding pages, you can

also create a query for Gross

Profit Analysis For

illustration purposes, we will

not repeat all the steps to

build such a query, but rather

focus on creating a calculated

key figure

Creating a Calculated Key Figure

Calculated key figure implies that key figures can be calculated based on a formula For example, the gross profit calculation for Bungee Software Inc would be: Sales revenue

minus the cost of goods sold In this section you will see how to create the key figure gross profit

1 Using the Gross Profit

Analysis query of SAP SD DemoCube Workbook,

choose the

Key figure folder from the Available objects area

2 Right-click the mouse and

choose New calculated key figure

2 1

10 13

Chapter 9: Creating Queries Creating a Calculated Key Figure

3 Enter a description,

Gross Profit

4 Place the cursor in the

Formula area

5 To define the formula,

first double-click Sales Revenue (in the Operands

8 To check the formula,

choose the Check button

9 Choose OK

10 Enter the Technical name

and Description of the

calculated key figure

11 You can define how the

number of decimal places will be displayed

12 Use the currency

conversion (if needed) to assign the currency in which the workbook values are to be displayed For more information on currency conversion, see chapter

10

12

11

13

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Working with BW Queries: Additional Functions

14 A calculated key figure,

Gross Profit now appears

in the Calculated key figures

folder

15 Drag the calculated key

figure, Gross Profit, and drop it in the Columns area (under Structure)

Calculated Key Figures vs New Formula

The formula that is defined for calculated key figures is InfoCube-dependent That means the calculated key figure is available for every query in that InfoCube You can also define a query-specific formula: To create a query-

specific formula, from the Columns area, choose Then, right-click and choose New formula to define a new formula (similar to steps 3 through 9

in the calculated key figure section above) The formula that is defined under

Structure in the Column/Row area is query-specific

Working with BW Queries: Additional Functions

In the first part of this chapter you saw how simple queries are created The remainder of the chapter is devoted to additional features and functions of BW queries

To help you get more out of BW queries, we will explore the following functions:

< Suppressing the display of repeated text and/or key values

< Disabling the interactive drilldown capability (restricting users from changing saved data in workbooks)

< Selecting filter values for characteristics

< Drilling down or across (slice & dice)

Chapter 9: Creating Queries Working with BW Queries: Additional Functions

Suppressing the Display of Repeated Texts and/or Key Values

You can restrict given values from being repeatedly displayed in a list For example, to list

data by company code and sales organization in the Sales Analysis report, the company code

for U.S and Europe is displayed multiple times Follow the steps shown below to keep redundant or repeated text/key values from being displayed

In Queries

1 Using the Gross Profit

Analysis query to suppress repeated display

in a query, choose

Query properties

2 Select the Suppress repeated

texts display option

3 Choose OK

1

2

3

Chapter 9: Creating Queries

Working with BW Queries: Additional Functions

In Workbooks

1 To suppress the display of

repeated key values in a workbook field, such as

Company Code, choose the

column where the key

value is located

2 Right-click and choose

Properties

3 From the Display tab

select Suppress repeated key values

4 Choose OK

Refresh Formatting on Data Refresh

This default option guarantees that formatting is adjusted after refreshing updated data To display data more quickly, you can deselect this function

Display Scaling Factors for Key Figures

This function enables the user to display the scaling factor for key figures, for example, displaying $3000000 as $3000 for easier reading

4 3

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