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The LIS provides users with the following presentation tools: < Standard analyses < Flexible analyses Both Standard and Flexible analyses only present data that is contained in the infor

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses

Contents

What Is the Logistics Information System (LIS)? 5–2

Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses 5–2

Creating a Standard Analysis 5–9

Getting the Most from LIS Standard Analyses: Tips & Tricks 5–22

ƒ Run a statistical analysis (for example, an ABC analysis)

ƒ Access document data from within a Standard analysis

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses

What Is the Logistics Information System (LIS)?

What Is the Logistics Information System (LIS)?

The LIS performs the following functions:

< Collection or creation of data for reporting purposes

< Presentation of the collected data The LIS collects the data in transparent tables (that is, tables that physically exist and contain data in the R/3 database) called information structures For more information on

information structures, see page 5–3 How the data is collected (or created) is beyond the scope of this guidebook (see TechTalk below) Our focus will be on how the LIS presents the collected data

The LIS provides users with the following presentation tools:

< Standard analyses

< Flexible analyses Both Standard and Flexible analyses only present data that is contained in the information structures It is important to note that these tools do not present data from any other tables

In this chapter, you will learn about Standard analyses Flexible analyses are covered in chapter 6

To get the LIS ready for use, the following questions must be answered during configuration:

< Which data is collected?

< How is the data collected?

< When is the data collected?

This task is performed in the Implementation Guide (IMG) and is generally regarded as

a configuration step

Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses

Standard analyses is a presentation tool used to display the contents of LIS information structures An online drilldown tool, Standard analyses analyzes data primarily from the Logistics application components, such as sales, purchasing, inventory, etc in the R/3 System

A Standard analysis is based on LIS data contained in special tables called information structures With a Standard analysis, you can easily retrieve the business information available in the information structures

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses

In each Standard analysis, you can specify the range of the data to be analyzed by using various selection options You can either predefine the data of the information structure

or choose the data interactively during the analysis

The R/3 System is delivered with SAP-defined information structures that are automatically activated during installation If no further configuration is needed (see TechTalk below), all you need are some transactions in the system, and you are ready to run a Standard analysis

Although the data dictionary objects called information structures are activated during installation, it does not mean that the information structures are automatically going to collect data

In the standard R/3 System, there are many tables that are delivered “active” but are empty Filling these empty tables requires configuration or processed transactions in the system

Similarly, information structures are always delivered empty Some of these information structures can begin to collect data immediately when transactions are processed

because certain configuration settings are “generic.” However, other information structures require specific configuration settings Certain configuration “switches” need

to be set for the system to populate the information structure with data

Terminology

It is helpful to be familiar with some of the essential terms and concepts used with Standard analyses

Information Structure

An information structure stores aggregated data resulting from transactions The three types

of data stored in an information structure are:

< Characteristics

< Key figures

< Periodicity (period unit)

An information structure is a transparent table For each information structure that is

generated, a separate database table is created Among them are Sxxx and SxxxE , where

xxx represents the number of the information structure (see appendix E) Some of the

tables related to LIS can be found in the data dictionary beginning with the name TMC

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses

Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses

Information structures are special tables but they are different from the document tables While the document tables store detailed information about your documents (such as sales orders and invoices), the information structures store data aggregated by characteristics and period unit

Example: S001 (in the Sales Information System) is an information structure It contains data related to customers (for example, sales orders, deliveries, and invoices)

Characteristic

A characteristic is a dimension of your business for which you collect data (also the aggregation or subtotal levels)

Examples of characteristics include sales organization, purchasing organization, plant,

sold-to party, vendor, ssold-torage location, material group, and material

Key Figure

A key figure is a measure of the business data you are collecting

Examples of key figures include, incoming order value (booking value), incoming order quantity (booking quantity), invoiced sales value, invoiced sales quantity, PO order quantity, PO order value, goods receipt quantity, valuated stock quantity, and valuated stock value

Periodicity (or Period Unit)

The period unit used for aggregating the data stored in the information structure The period unit can be daily, weekly, monthly, or by fiscal period (using the fiscal year variant established by the finance team) Do not confuse this with periodic loads of data

Note: Some information structures do not appear to have periodicity In such cases, these information structures are actually built from the data contained in other information structures As the source information structure itself contains a periodicity, the target information structure “inherits” the periodicity of the source information structure

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses

How to Access LIS Standard Analyses?

How you access Standard analyses largely depends on the type of user you are

For example, does your work mostly include:

< Processing transaction data?

< Processing master data?

< Running reports?

< Logistics-related activities?

< A mix of Logistics and Human Resources?

One of the menu paths commonly used to access LIS Standard analyses is shown below:

Logistics → Logistics controlling → (application area of your choice), then Standard analyses→

(available analyses)

Note: You can also access LIS analyses transactions from the General Report Tree For

more information, refer to chapter 3 in book 1, Fundamentals of Reporting of this

guidebook series

In the LIS, the application areas noted in the table on page 5-6 contain Standard analyses

These information systems within the LIS are commonly referred to as the XXX component of

the LIS (where XXX represents the abbreviated or component information system name shown in the table on the next page) Examples: The SIS component of LIS, or the LIS-Inventory Controlling Information System (INVCO)

Most reports and reporting capabilities within the R/3 system are under a particular

information system However, the term information system can be a likely source of confusion This chapter deals with an information system called the LIS which is

uniquely characterized by the following components:

< Human Resources Information System

< Executive Information System Although there are some similarities between the LIS and the other information systems, each information system has its own unique features Beyond the basics, each information system requires specialized learning

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses

Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses

Component Information System

(Abbreviation) R/3 Application Area Some of the Available Standard Analyses

Inventory Controlling (INVCO) Materials

Management-Purchasing Group, Vendor, Material Group, and Material

Sales Information System (SIS) Sales and Distribution Customer, Material, Sales

Organization, Shipping Point, Sales Employee, and Sales Office

Shop Floor Information System

(SFIS) Production Planning Work Center, Operation, Material, and Production Order Plant Maintenance Information

System (PMIS)

Plant Maintenance Object Class, Manufacturer, Location,

Planner Group, and Damage Analysis Quality Management

Information System (QMIS)

Quality Management Lots and Notifications by Material,

Vendor, and Customer Retail Information System (RIS) SAP Retail Perishables, Physical Inventory, and

Rough Workload Estimate Warehouse Management

Information System (WMIS)

Materials Warehouse Management

Management-Stock Placement/Removal, Flow of Quantities, Material Placement Removal, Material Flows, and Movement Types

Service Management

Information System1 (SMIS)

Service Management Object Class, Manufacturer, Planner

Group, Damage Analysis, Object Statistics, Breakdown Analysis, Cost Analysis, and Problem Notifications

1 Service Management is an information system for the Service Management application module that uses concepts which are similar to the Plant Maintenance and Sales Information Systems

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses

How Does LIS Standard Analyses Differ from Other Reporting Tools?

Standard analyses differ from other reporting tools in the R/3 System in several ways Information structures are the centerpiece of the LIS Standard analyses read the data from these uniquely structured database tables While other reporting tools/techniques may be used to read these tables, or to display their contents, the Standard analyses tool offers the best capabilities

Integration

Standard analyses are tightly integrated with the rest of the R/3 System For example, the classification system (a cross-application functionality that allows a user to categorize objects, for example, vendors, into groups as desired by the R/3 customer) can be read in real-time and incorporated into the Standard analyses

The Standard analyses tool, along with the Early Warning System (see below) can be used to start a workflow task (for example, starting a workflow by sending a workflow task to a single user or a group of users) when the specified number of service notifications for particular equipment is reached

reports of the report can be viewed to slice-and-dice the data in a variety of ways

Exception Analysis (Early Warning System—EWS)

When running a Standard analysis, (either online, at-will, or in the background on a periodic basis), the Early Warning System (EWS) permits the output, or a certain action, to occur according to the user’s instructions This functionality, for example, can be used to achieve proactive reporting While one may find other reporting tools that support some form of exception reporting, the simplicity and the power behind the LIS EWS in Standard analyses is unparalleled

Enhancements

The Standard analyses have SAP-delivered customer exits that may be utilized to enhance and include customer-specific requirements Standard analyses offer exceptional method enhancements, list enhancements, and general customer enhancements For more

information on enhancements, refer to the R/3 online documentation

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses

Learning the Basics of Standard Analyses

What Are the Prerequisites?

There are three main prerequisites to using Standard analyses:

< Know the application and the type of analysis you want: Before running a Standard

analysis you must know which logistics module you are interested in analyzing and what type of information you want to analyze For example, if you are interested in a vendor analysis, you have to know that vendors are part of the Purchasing component Similarly, if you want to do a customer analysis, you must know that customers are part

of the Sales component

< Make sure there is data to analyze: Remember that information structures collect data

as transactions occur Therefore, there must be transactions in the desired component for any data to be available for analysis

If data does not exist, then the two most common causes are as follows:

< The data is collected only when transactions occur Therefore, there must be transactions in the desired component for any data to be available for analysis

< The information structure is not fully configured to collect data

ƒ An information structure must exist and be active

ƒ The mechanism and configuration required to put data into the information structure must exist and be active

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis

Creating a Standard Analysis

In this section, you will learn how to create a Standard analysis This systematic approach is built around a sample report (see the graphic below) Take a minute to familiarize yourself with the scenario and the sample report

Example: Analyze the sales according to customers (sold-to-party) in the Sales Information System Create an initial list of the customer analysis showing sales order and invoice information Then, use Standard analyses to interactively view the list in different ways

The example illustrated in this section uses Release 4.5A Although there are some minor differences, the basic concepts and approach is applicable to earlier releases as well

Shown below is the initial list for our example In the following pages, you will see how this initial list was created

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses

Creating a Standard Analysis

Follow these steps to run a Standard analysis:

1 Decide which data you want to see

2 Determine the Component Information System that is likely to contain the data

3 Enter the selection criteria for the Standard analysis

4 Run the Standard analysis

5 Create an initial list

6 Slice-and-dice the data as needed

Guided Tour

Step 1: Decide Which Data You Want to See

Before you can create a Standard analysis, you must know which data is to be included in your analysis The type of data you need depends on the type of analysis you want to perform

In our example, the data must include customers (sold-to-party), sales orders, and invoice information

Step 2: Determine the Component Information System

Next, you must determine the application component where the desired data is likely to reside Use the table on page 5-6 to help you determine the relevant application

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses Creating a Standard Analysis

In our example, we choose the Sales Information System (SIS) because we need to perform an analysis of customers (sold-to-party)

Step 3: Enter the Selection Criteria for the Standard Analysis

Before you can enter the selection criteria, you must access the initial screen for your Standard analysis

1 To perform the sales analysis by sold-to party, choose the following path from the SAP main menu:

Logistics → Logistics controlling → Sales information system → Standard analyses → Customer

All Standard analyses allow you to

select the data based on the

characteristics and period unit of the

information structure

2 Enter the characteristic values (for

example a range of sold-to parties or

a particular sales organization) In

this example, we will leave the

characteristics blank to select all

values for the available fields

3 The period unit will automatically

be filled in with a date range,

including the current month

Step 4: Run the Standard Analysis

You are now ready to run the Standard

analysis based on the selection criteria

Chapter 5: LIS Standard Analyses

Creating a Standard Analysis

Step 5: Create the Initial List

This is the initial list of your analysis It

displays the key figures—incoming

orders, invoiced sales, credit memos,

and invoiced quantities (values)

1 Double-click one of the customers

(Becker Berlin) in the Sold-to party

column

Notice that the initial list only displays the customer names, but not their numbers To see both, choose:

1 Settings → Char display → Key and description

2 Settings → Column width → Characteristic

3 In the popup window (not shown here), enter 40 for the column width

By choosing the menu path of Extras→ Selection log on the initial list, you can see the

selection screen field values that were used to create the initial list On the popup screen, you will see the INFOSTRUCTURE (the table) that is being read to give the values The

term Info structure is followed by the name of the Sxxx table/infostructure that is the

source of the data in the initial list

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