Tài liệu Module 10: Backing Up and Restoring Data pdf

In it, students will back up data by using the Windows Backup utility, restore data that has been backed up by using the Windows Backup utility and create a scheduled backup job.. Then d

This course is a prerelease course and is based on

Microsoft Windows 2000 Beta 3 software Content in the

final release of the course may be different than the content

included in this prerelease version All labs in the course

are to be completed using the Beta 3 version of

Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server

Module 10: Backing Up and Restoring Data

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Introduction

This module provides students with the knowledge and skills that are necessary

to back up and restore data The module discusses tools that students will use to back up data, the different backup types, and planning issues involved in backing up data The module then discusses the procedure of backing up data

by using the Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Backup utility and the various options that students can set for a backup job Finally, the module covers the procedure

to restore data from a backup and the options that can be set for a restore job

There is one lab in this module In it, students will back up data by using the Windows Backup utility, restore data that has been backed up by using the Windows Backup utility and create a scheduled backup job

Materials and Preparation

This section provides you with the materials and preparation needed to teach this module

Materials

To teach this module, you need the following materials:

!"Microsoft PowerPoint® file 1556A_10.ppt

!"Module 10, “Backing Up and Restoring Data”

Preparation

To prepare for this module, you should:

!"Read all the materials for this module Some topics have animated slides that are indicated by an icon in the lower left corner of the slide These slides require you to click them to play the animation

!"Review the Delivery Tips and Key Points for each section and topic

!"Complete the lab

!"Study the review questions and prepare alternative answers for discussion

!"Anticipate questions that students may ask Write out the questions and provide answers to them

Presentation:

30 Minutes

Lab:

45 Minutes

Module Strategy

Use the following strategy to present this module:

!"Introduction to Backing up and Restoring Data Provide an overview of the processes of backing up and restoring data This topic has an animated slide Use it to explain why data backup is an important task Then, discuss the media to which students can back up data and the permissions required to perform a backup

!"Preparing to Back Up Data Introduce the various issues involved in formulating a backup plan Then explain the characteristics of the different backup types in detail and their advantages Use the topic on examples of backup types to explore the benefits of combining different backup types

!"Backing Up Data Begin by listing the preliminary tasks to be performed before starting the Backup utility Then demonstrate how to start the Backup utility and walk students through the process of selecting the data to back up, specifying the backup destination and media settings, specifying advanced backup settings, and scheduling the backup job

!"Restoring Data Explain the issues involved in planning a restore strategy Then demonstrate the procedure to use the Backup utility to select the backup sets and files to restore and specify advanced restore settings

!"Best Practices Read the best practices before you start the module, and then refer to the appropriate practice as you teach the corresponding module section Then,

at the end of the module, summarize all of the best practices for the module

Customization Information

This section identifies the lab setup requirements for a module and the configuration changes that occur on the student computers during the labs This information is provided to assist you in replicating or customizing Microsoft Official Curriculum (MOC) courseware

The labs in this module are also dependent on the classroom configuration that is specified in the Customization Information section at

the end of the Classroom Setup Guide for course 1556A, Administering

!"The addition of the Backup1.bkf and Backup2.bkf files on drive D

!"The addition of the MOC\NT1556A\Labfiles folder on drive D

Important

Overview

! Introduction to Backing Up and Restoring Data

! Preparing to Back Up Data

Due to the importance of data backup, you must create a regular backup schedule and adhere to it This will help create the latest copy of data available for a restore operation when it is required

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

!"Identify the purpose of backing up and restoring data and the permissions required for these tasks

!"Prepare for backing up data by identifying the folders to back up and the backup type and backup media to use

!"Back up data at a computer and over the network

!"Restore data—entire volumes or a single file

!"Apply best practices for backing up and restoring data

In this module, you will learn

how to back up and restore

data

Introduction to Backing Up and Restoring Data

! The Goal of Backing Up Data Is to Restore That Data If It Is Lost

! Permissions and User Rights Are Required to Back Up and Restore

Data Corruption Restore

Data Data

The efficient recovery of lost data is the goal of all backup jobs A backup job

is a single process of backing up data Regularly backing up data on server and client computer hard disks prevents data loss because of disk drive failures, power outages, virus infections, and other accidents If data loss occurs, and you have performed regular backup jobs based on careful planning, you can restore the lost data, whether a single file or an entire hard disk is involved

With Microsoft® Windows® 2000, you can use the Backup utility to back up and restore data easily You can use Windows Backup to back up data manually

or to schedule unattended backup jobs on a regular basis You can back up data

to a file or to a tape drive You can store files on hard disks, removable disks and recordable compact discs and optical drives

To successfully back up and restore data on a computer running Windows 2000, you must have the appropriate permissions and user rights that the following list describes:

!"All users can back up their own files and folders They can also back up files for which they have the Read permission

!"All users can restore files and folders for which they have the Write permission

!"Members of the Administrators, Backup Operators, and Server Operators groups can back up and restore all files (regardless of the assigned permissions) By default, members of these groups have the Backup files and directories and Restore files and directories user rights

ensure that network data,

such as Active Directory, is

not lost For this purpose,

you use the Backup utility

Delivery Tip

The slide for this topic is

animated The icon on the

lower left corner indicates

the animated slide Use this

slide to explain why data

backup is an important task

The animation begins with

the process of data backup,

then it presents the data

becoming corrupt, and

finally it depicts the data

being restored from the

back up copy

Key Points

The goal of all backup jobs

is to successfully restore

lost and corrupt data

A user must have the

appropriate user right or

permission to back up and

restore data

# Preparing to Back Up Data

! Planning Issues for Windows Backup

! Examples of Backup Types

You should plan your backup jobs to fit the needs of your organization The primary goal for backing up data is to restore that data, so any backup plan that you develop should incorporate your restore strategy The plan should also make it easy for you to restore lost critical data quickly and successfully

Part of the planning process is determining the backup type to use A backup type helps define which data is backed up during a backup job With

Windows Backup, you can choose from a variety of backup types Select the backup type that meets both your backup and restore needs

Slide Objective

To introduce issues and

concepts for backing up and

restoring data

Lead-in

Because the goal of backing

up data is to restore the

data when necessary,

consider your restore goals

when you prepare to back

up data

Delivery Tip

This section provides an

overview of backing up data

Prepare students for the

topic by providing the

following key points of

information

Key Points

Plan backup jobs to

incorporate your restore

strategy

Determine the backup type

to use based on the backup

and restore needs of your

organization

Planning Issues for Windows Backup

Which Files and Folders to Back Up How Often to Back Up

Which Target Media to Use for Storing Backup Data Which Backup Type to Use

Whether to Perform Network or Local Backup Jobs

Base your backup plan on the needs of your organization There is no one correct backup plan for all networks When formulating a backup plan, consider the following issues

Determine Which Files and Folders to Back Up

Always back up critical files and folders that your organization needs to operate, such as sales and financial records, the registry for each server, and Active Directory™ directory service Periodically back up files that rarely change, such as monthly reports

Determine How Often to Back Up

Back up critical data more often than non-critical data—typically daily As a rule, back up data as often as it changes If users create or modify reports once a week, then backing up the reports weekly is sufficient

Determine Which Target Media to Use for Storing Backup Data

With Windows Backup, you can back up to the following removable media:

!"Files You can store the files on a removable media device or on a network location, such as a file server Users can back up their personal data to a network server Use this type of removable media for temporary backup jobs only

!"Tape drive A less expensive removable medium than others, a tape drive is more convenient for large backup jobs because of its high storage capacity However, tapes have a limited life and can deteriorate Be sure that you check the manufacturer recommendations for use

If you use a removable media device to back up and restore data, be sure that you verify that the device is supported on the Windows 2000 Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)

Slide Objective

To present the issues to

consider when planning a

backup job

Lead-in

Before you back up files,

you should develop a

backup strategy that suits

your organization To

develop this strategy,

consider these issues

Determine the Backup Type to Use

The backup type affects what is backed up and how long it takes to back up and restore data For more information about backup types, see “Backup Types” later in this module

Determine Whether to Perform Network or Local Backup Jobs

Your backup jobs can have the following scope:

!"A network backup that contains data from multiple network computers This allows you to consolidate backup data from multiple computers to a single removable backup media One administrator can back up the entire network You can back up the system information only at the computer where you are performing the backup

!"A local backup that is performed at each computer, including servers and client computers You must back up each computer, or users must back up their own computers

If you use removable storage media devices, such as tape drives, you must have one for each computer

!"A combination of network and local backup jobs Choose this option when critical data resides on client computers and servers and you do not have a removable storage media device for each computer In this situation, users perform local backups and store their backup files on a server You then back up the server

Differential Selected files and folders thatchanged since the last backupSelected files and folders thatchanged since the last backup No

Incremental Selected files and folders thatchanged since the last backupSelected files and folders thatchanged since the last backup Yes

Daily Selected files and folders thatchanged during the daySelected files and folders thatchanged during the day No

Windows Backup provides five backup types that define what data is backed

up, such as only files that have changed since the last backup or all files in a specific folder

Some backup types use backup markers, also known as archive attributes,

which mark a file as having changed When a file changes, an attribute or marker is set on the file that indicates that the file has changed since the last backup When you back up the file, the marker is cleared or reset

The following table presents the backup types, what each type backs up, whether the backup type clears markers, and tips for using the backup type

Normal All selected files and folders It clears markers but does

not look for markers

Normal backups speed up the restore process because the backup files are the most current and you do not need to restore multiple backup jobs

Copy All selected files and folders It neither looks for nor

clears markers

If you do not want to clear markers and affect other backup types, use copy For example, use a copy backup between a normal and an incremental backup to create an archival snapshot of network data

Differential Only selected files and folders that have a marker It does

not clear markers

Because a differential backup does not clear markers, if you did two differential backups in a row on a file, and nothing changed in the file, the entire file would be backed up each time

Slide Objective

To describe the five backup

types

Lead-in

Backup types provide you

with methods for backing

up data

Delivery Tip

Show students the Archive

attribute in the Properties

dialog box for a document

Key Points

Differential backups do not

clear backup markers

Incremental backups clear

backup markers

Markers are critical when

you combine different

backup types, as both

incremental and differential

backups check for markers

Daily All selected files and folders that have changed during

the day

It neither looks for nor clears markers

If you want to back up all files and folders that change during the day, use a daily backup

Your backup strategy can combine different backup types If you combine backup types, markers are critical Incremental and differential backup types check for and rely on the markers

Important

Examples of Backup Types

Normal (Clears Markers)

N D Differential I Incremental (Clears Markers) C Copy

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Example 1: Normal and Differential Backups

On Monday, a normal backup is performed, and on Tuesday through Friday, differential backups are performed Differential backups do not clear markers, which means that each backup includes all changes since Monday If data becomes corrupt on Friday, you only need to restore the normal backup from Monday and the differential backup from Thursday This strategy takes more time to back up data than to restore it

Example 2: Normal and Incremental Backups

On Monday, a normal backup is performed, and on Tuesday through Friday, incremental backups are performed Incremental backups clear markers, which means that each backup includes only the files that have changed since the previous backup If data becomes corrupt on Friday, you need to restore the normal backup from Monday and all incremental backups from Tuesday through Friday This strategy takes less time to back up data than to restore it

Example 3: Normal, Differential, and Copy Backups

This strategy is the same as Example 1, except that on Wednesday a copy backup is performed Copy backups include all selected files and do not clear markers or interrupt the usual backup schedule Therefore, each differential backup includes all changes since Monday Copy backups are helpful when you need to create a snapshot of your data

To help you understand how

backup types work, here are

some examples

Delivery Tip

Use the slide to show

students how combining

backup types affects the

way that an administrator

restores data

For each example, go

through each day of the

week, explaining what data

is backed up Then, explain

what would be restored if

data were restored on

Friday

In Example 3, the copy

backup type performed on

Wednesday is not part of

the Friday restore

Each cylinder contains the

entire amount that you need

to restore The bright color

section of the cylinder

represents what was backed

up on a particular day

# Backing Up Data

! Performing Preliminary Tasks

! Selecting Files and Folders to Back Up

! Specifying Backup Destination and Media Settings

! Specifying Advanced Backup Settings

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After you have determined which files to back up, the backup type to use, and when to perform backup jobs, your next step is to back up data An important part of each backup job is performing the preliminary tasks, such as making sure that you have closed important files so that you can back them up

To perform a backup job, you must select what to back up, and where and how

to store the backup You can change the default backup settings and specify advanced settings based on your backup needs In addition, Windows Backup provides the capability to schedule unattended and recurring backup jobs You can create a new backup job with or without using the Backup wizard This module describes how to perform a backup job by using the Backup wizard Finally, you must document details of each backup job that you perform This will be useful when restoring data from the backup

Slide Objective

To present the process for

creating and scheduling a

backup job

Lead-in

After you have decided what

to back up and how you are

going to do so, your next

step is to back up the data

Delivery Tip

This section explains using

Windows Backup to back up

data Prepare students for

the topic by providing the

following key points of

information

Key Points

To back up data using

Windows Backup, specify

what to back up and where

to store the backed up data

You can specify advanced

settings such as appending

or replacing an existing

backup

You can schedule an

unattended backup

Performing Preliminary Tasks

User

Close files for backup

Close files for backup

!Notify Users to Close Files That Will Be Backed Up

!Ensure Backup Media Is Set Up

!Notify Users to Close Files That Will Be Backed Up

!Ensure Backup Media Is Set Up

Administrator

Performing a backup job consists of the following preliminary tasks:

!"Ensure that the files that you want to back up are closed

You should send notification to users to close their files before you begin backing up data Windows Backup does not back up files that applications

have locked open You can use e-mail or the Send Console Message dialog

box in Computer Management to send administrative messages to users

Windows Backup can back up operating system files if they are open

!"If you use a removable media device, make sure that:

• The backup device is attached to a computer on the network and is turned on If you are backing up to tape drive, you must attach the tape drive to the computer on which you run Windows Backup

• The media device is listed on the Windows 2000 HCL

• The media is loaded in the media device For example, if you are using a tape drive, ensure that a tape is loaded in the tape drive

Slide Objective

To present the preliminary

tasks for backing up data

Lead-in

Before you use the Backup

wizard, you need to perform

certain tasks to ensure that

your backup is successful

Delivery Tip

Demonstrate sending an

administrative message by

using the Send Console

Message dialog box

For information on how to

Selecting Files and Folders to Back Up

Backup Wizard

What to Back Up

You can specify the items you want to back up.

Select what you want to back up:

Back up everything on my computer Back up selected files, drives, or network data Only back up the System State data

< Back Next > Cancel

!Can Back Up System State Data Only on the Local Computer, Not on a Remote Computer

!Can Back Up Active Directory Only if Running Windows Backup at a Domain Controller

!Can Back Up System State Data Only on the Local Computer, Not on a Remote Computer

!Can Back Up Active Directory Only if Running Windows Backup at a Domain Controller

After you complete the preliminary tasks, you can perform the backup using

Windows Backup To access Windows Backup, on the Start menu, point to

Accessories, point to System Tools, and then click Backup In the Backup

utility, click Backup Wizard to back up data

You must first specify what to back up The following table describes the options for doing this You can select only one of these options

Option Description Back up everything on

my computer

Backs up all files on the computer on which you are running Windows Backup, except those files that the utility excludes by default, such as certain power management files

Back up selected files, drives, or network data

Selects specific files and folders to back up This includes files and folders on the computer on which you are running Windows Backup and any shared file or folder on the network

When you click this option, the Backup wizard provides a hierarchical view of the computer and the network (through

Slide Objective

To show how to select files

and folders to back up

Lead-in

With Windows Backup, you

can back up an individual

file, multiple files and

folders, or the entire

contents of a computer

Delivery Tip

Use the Backup wizard to

demonstrate the procedure

to select files and folders to

back up

Back up the Labfiles folder

Stop after you have selected

the files and folders

Specifying Backup Destination and Media Settings

< Back Next > Cancel

Backup Wizard

Your backed up data is stored on the media in the destination you specify.

Where to Store the Back Up

Choose a media type for your backup, and then enter the name of the media to receive the backup data

Backup media or file name:

Backup media type:

File

E:\Backup.bkf

After you select the files and folders that you want to back up, you must provide information about the backup media The following table describes the information that you must provide for the various backup media options

Options Description Backup media type The target medium to use, such as a tape drive or file

A file can be located on any disk-based media, including a hard disk, a shared network folder, or a removable disk

Backup media or file name The location where data will be stored For a tape

drive, enter the tape name For a file, enter the path for the backup file

After you provide the media information, the Backup wizard displays the wizard settings and gives you the opportunity to do either of the following:

!"Finish the backup process If you choose to finish the backup process, the Backup wizard displays status information about the backup job in the

Backup Progress dialog box during the backup process

!"Specify advanced backup options

When the backup process is complete, you can choose to review the

backup report, which is the backup log A backup log is a text file that records

backup operations and is stored on the hard disk of the computer on which you are running Windows Backup

Slide Objective

To present the backup

destination and media

information that an

administrator must specify

Lead-in

After you have selected the

files and folders to back up,

the Backup wizard prompts

you to provide information

regarding the target backup

media

Delivery Tip

Continue the demonstration

for backing up data on the

Where to Store the

Backup page of the Backup

wizard, and then stop

Note

Specifying Advanced Backup Settings

Select Backup Type Verify Data After Backup Use Hardware Compression Select to Append or Replace Control Access to Backup Provide Backup Description Identify the Media Schedule Schedule Finish or Finish or

Start

When you specify advanced backup settings, you are only changing the default backup settings for the current backup job The advanced settings cover the backup media and characteristics of the backup job

The following table describes the advanced options

Advanced option Description Select the type of

backup operation to perform

The backup type that is used for this backup job This option allows you to select one of the following types: normal, copy, incremental, differential, or daily

Verify data after backup

A confirmation that files are correctly backed up

Windows Backup compares the backup data and the source data to verify that they are the same Microsoft recommends that you always select this option

Use hardware compression, if available

A selection that enables hardware compression for tape devices that support it If your tape device does not support hardware compression, this option appears dimmed

If the archive media already contains backups

A selection that specifies whether to append or replace the existing backup on the backup media

To store multiple backup jobs on a storage device, select the option to append the backup

If you do not need to save previous backup jobs, choose the option to replace the existing data on the backup media

Slide Objective

To present the advanced

backup settings that an

administrator can change

Lead-in

You can change the

advanced backup settings

These settings cover a

variety of options

Delivery Tip

Continue the demonstration

to back up the Labfiles

folder Go through the

advanced options Stop at

the When to Backup page

of the Backup wizard and

point out the option to verify

data after backup

Key Point

Changes made to the

backup settings only affect

the current backup job

Microsoft recommends that

you always select the Verify

data after backup option

(continued)

Advanced option Description Allow only the owner

and the Administrator access

to the backup data, and any backups appended to this media

The restrictions for who can gain access to the completed backup file or tape This option is only available if you choose to replace an existing backup on a backup medium, rather than appending to the backup medium

If you back up Active Directory, select this option to prevent others from obtaining copies of the backup job

Backup label A name and description for the backup job The name and

description appear in the backup log The default is Set

created date at time You can change the name and

description to a more intuitive name (for example, normal backup August 14, 1999)

Sales-Media label The name of the backup media (for example, the tape name)

The default name is Media created date at time The first

time that you back up to a new media or overwrite an existing backup job, you can specify the name, such as Sales folder backup

At this point, the Backup wizard provides you with the opportunity to do either

of the following:

!"Finish the backup process If you choose to finish the backup process, the Backup wizard displays the backup settings and then presents the option to finish and immediately start the backup During the backup, the wizard displays status information about the backup job

!"Schedule the backup process to occur later