DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL TARGET PROGRAM ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION LEGAL DOCUMENT • Government Decision No 60/2007/NQ-CP Dated 03 Dec 2007: “Assign Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment to be in charge, in collaboration with other Ministries and Sectors, to develope National Target Program on Climate Change Adaptation, search for international assistance for the Program, and submit to the Prime Mnister in the Second Quarter of 2008” INTRODUCTION 1) The National Target Program (NTP) will communicate priority activities addressing the urgent and immediate needs and concerns of the country, relating to adaptation to the impacts of CC 2) Activities proposed through NTP would be those whose further delay could increase vulnerability, or lead to increased costs at a later stage 3) The NTP will be presented in the form of a document specifying a list of priority activities, with a concise justification based on a tight set of criteria 4) The NTP document will not be an end in itself, but rather a means for the dissemination, of its proposed program of action to address its urgent needs for adaptation The priority activities identified through the NTP process will be made available for funding, I OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE Objectives of the Activity is to develop the national target program for coping with climate change, focusing on awareness raising on climate change, and policy development for the country about climate change mitigation and adaptation, integrating climate change information into the social-economic development strategy, provincial, sector development strategy and international commitment Scope of Work 1) Identify CC features of Vietnam due to global CC; 2) Assess CC impacts on national, provincial, sectoral development plans and programs; 3) Identify the needs adaptation to potential impacts of CC; 4) Develop effective adaptation measures to be integrated into national, sectoral and provincial social-economic development plans and strategy; 5) Identify a portfolio of priority activities/projects to be implemented for the most sensitive and vulnerable sectors and provinces; 6) Identify a policy of Vietnam on international and regional cooperation and negotiation on CC mitigation and adaptation APPROACH • Multidisciplinary, through the • Bottom-up approach , involvement of a involves broad range of multidisciplinary stakeholder groups, group of experts focusing on local • Comprehensive/ communities, consider integrated assessment current vulnerability and type of approach, urgent adaptation needs • Looking across • Participatory process, different ecological involves multistakeholder regions and sectors as consultation, two-way well as interactions/ discussions and linkages between feedback them Stakeholder Consultation Multidiscipline National Target Program • Synergy with activities implemented under other Agreements, • Poverty reduction • Sustainable development • Country-driven, result in country, region or sectorspecific projects • Sound envi management • Cost effectiveness • Simple, reflects urgent and highly ranked adaptation measures Integrated Study Area •For the whole country; •Focusing on the most sensitive and vulnerable sectors, regions and provinces Program Schedule •Program development: months (1/2008 - 6/2008) •Program implementation: will be identified based on urgent immediate activities and long term strategy for CC adaptation Funding •Funding for Program development and implementation: National budget and international assistance ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES Cost/ Benefit Analysis Portfolio of Priority Activities Judgment of Investment Mechanisms Policy Reform Science & Technology Financing Cooperation Negotiation Climate Variability, and CC Impacts of CC Identify Priority Activities Assessment of CC Impacts National Target Program Identify Adaptation Measured Identify National Targets Capacity, Science & Awareness Technology Mobilize Cooperation Financial Negotiation Sources 2.1 Establishment of Management and Implementation Organization for the Activity 2.1.1 Establishment of a Steering Committee 2.1.2 Establishment of an Executive Committee for Action Implementation 2.1.3 Establishment of Task Force Groups 1) Sectoral Task Force Groups: Energy; Construction; Transportation; Healthcare; Agriculture, Forestry and Aquaculture; Foreign affairs; Natural resources and environment; Tourism; Labor, invalids and social affairs… 2) Regional Task Force Groups: Northern mountainous (14 provinces/cities); Red River Delta (10); North Central region (6); South Central costal (8); Central Highlands (5); South Eastern (6); Mekong River Delta (13) 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities 2.5.1 Identification of a Portfolio of Priority Activities/Projects to be Implemented • • - Identify programs, projects or policies need to be implemented to mitigate and adapt CC impacts on the community and sectors Based on the criteria set forth in national and regional strategies, adaptation activities will be selected to be prioritized Such criteria include: Impact of CC on the lives and livelihoods of the communities; Poverty reduction in order to enhance the adaptability; Consistency with multilateral commitments; Cost effectiveness 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities Criteria for selection of priority will be applicable to: • • • • • • • • • • Lost of life and livelihood damage; Community health; Food and agriculture security; Water sources; Key infrastructure; Cultural heritage; Biodiversity; Management of land use and forest; Costal zone and land loss; Other values; 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities Some Programs/Projects may include: 1)Awareness raising: To improve public awareness on CC, normally at local level with the direct participation of the community; 2)Information and studies: Develop basic foundations for studies to identify activities including the construction of a monitoring system, development of CC scenarios, and analysis of vulnerability; 3)Capacity building and early warning system: To provide information that delivers specialized information and specific activities to the people; 4)Leadership and policy making: This is applicable to planning process, e.g 5-year development plan, to manage risk due to CC; 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities Some Programs/Projects may include: 5)Investment: Direct activities include changes the management of natural resources at household, regional and national level; 6)Organizational restructuring, laws and regulation enforcement: Changes for the better in policies, management structure of natural resources a, barrier removal in CC adaptation Encouragement of effective use of natural resources; 7)Finance and insurance: To mitigate risks via financial and insurance mechanisms; 8)Foreign cooperation: Negotiations on CC 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities Project Scope could be: 1) At vulnerable community level, e.g poorest people in most vulnerable to climate change community; 2) At small local level, Assessment of household living standart, livelihood and possibility to improve the adaptation capacity to climate change of the communes; 3) At sectoral level, Relating to Ministries and Sectors from infrastructural development and sectoral development plan and strategy; 4) At regional level, including development plans of sectors in the regions or provinces, regional projection and infrastructure development; 5) At national level, including national development programs, projects such as policy development, planning with the involvement of many ministries and sectors Examples of Adaptation Projects Moderate Impacts on Coastal Areas Goal Protection of critical ecosystems Adaptation Measure Timing Immediate Prohibit extraction of reef and sand Immediate Prevent mangrove removal Immediate Control pollution Control overfishing Protection of towns and property Increase Public awareness Immediate Immediate Engineered structures (such as seawalls) Set back development from shoreline Raise structures Unknown Can wait Can wait Land use policies Coastal hazard mapping Immediate Control of erosion Mangrove replantation Immediate Engineering works in passages Groynes Can wait Immediate Examples of Adaptation Projects Moderate Impacts on Water Resources Goal Adaptation measure Water resource management Leakage control Pricing policies (fees, levies, surcharges) Conservation plumbing Timing Immediate Immediate Immediate Stricter penalties to prevent waste Alternative water supply Reforestation, soil conservation Immediate Enhancement of Water Authority Catchment management Immediate Immediate Expansion of rainwater collection Immediate Alternative groundwater use Desalination Importation Flood control Can wait Can wait Can wait Diversion channels, weirs, etc Immediate Land use controls, flood proof housing Immediate Examples of Adaptation Projects Moderate Impacts on Agriculture Goal Adaptation Measure Timing Community sustainability programs Traditional weather-resistant practices Immediate Sustainable production systems Agroforestry, water conservation Immediate Research Flexible farming systems Immediate Land use policies Mapping of suitable cropping areas Immediate Avoid cultivation on marginal lands ? Examples of Adaptation Projects Moderate Impacts on Public Health Goal Adaptation Measure Integrated adaptation strategies Poverty reduction programs and control of disease Timing Immediate Improved sanitation and water supply Waste management Immediate Squatter settlement management Immediate Community-based vector control Immediate Improved preparedness (monitoring) Immediate Prevention of exposure Control of ciguatera poisoning Immediate Protection of groundwater Control of dengue fever Immediate Unknown Reduce destructive practices to coral reefs Immediate Examples of Adaptation Projects Moderate Impacts on Fisheries Goal Adaptation Measure Timing Stronger regional collaboration Multilateral agreements Immediate Research Better ENSO forecasting Immediate Improved fishery management Immediate Fleet management Diversification of domestic fleets Can wait Diverse Measures by Many Actors (Example of adaptation measures for risks of river or coastal flooding) Macro-level activity Adaptation activity International collaboration Donors Supporting e.g socialprotection schemes among vulnerable communities Integrating Climateincreased proofing Climateproof ongoing international flood risks into new and infrastructural rivermanagement current investments projects initiatives Contributing Integrate to adaptation into international planning, learning policies, and networks on practice adaptation Governments New approaches to integrating C information into national budgeting processes Community-level activity Private Sector Local NGOs Communities Households Expanding insurance markets and micro-finance provision Promoting communitybased flood preparednes s Creating village-level task forces to monitor and plan responses to flood events Women preparing and storing emergency food, water, and medicines Integrating increased flood risks into new and current projects Building community flood shelters, emergency boats, and grain banks Contributing grain to the community grain bank, ready for use after a flood FloodFlood-proofing proofing new new roads and commercial buildings and rural electrification transport systems Adapting to climate change, Oxfam Briefing Paper, May 2007 Diverse Measures by Many Actors (Example of adaptation measures for risks of river or coastal flooding) Macro-level activity Adaptation activity International collaboration Donors Governments Supporting Reinforcing Regional co- the upgrading existing roads, operation in or ensuring of e.g protecting sustainable soil cross-border existing management irrigation ecosystems schemes Establishing Draining Address International research glacial lakes to new monitoring and and prevent investments forecasting of learning downstream needed due to networks on CC flooding CC CC Climateproof the existing stock of natural and physical capital Adapting to climate change, Oxfam Briefing Paper, May 2007 Community-level activity Private Sector Local NGOs Floodproofing existing supply chains, retail, factories Supporting communitie s in reinforcing embankmen ts Raising the Reforesting communal land foundations of and restoring an existing house floodplains Paying higher insurance costs due to increased flood risks Supporting to plant mangrove coastal barriers Rebuilding settlements away from likely submerged land Communities Households Relocating the household due to more frequent floods 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities 2.5.2 Cost/Benefit Analysis of Adaptation Activities • The cost/benefit analysis of adaptation activities is based on lessons learn from local, sectoral and national level programs and projects • Cost analysis for adaptation activities determined by CC scenarios for the sectors; • Cost analysis for adaptation activities determined by CC scenarios for the regions 2.5.3 Judgment of Investment Mechanisms for Adaptation Activities • The investment mechanisms for adaptation programs/projects in response to CC are incorporated into those of localities and sectors; • Judgment of issues and choices in using state budget and international support for implementing adaptation programs/projects in response to CC 2.6 Submission for Approval 1) Stakeholders consultation through interview, workshop at local level, national level, with the donors, local experts; 2) Consultation with ministries and sectors; 3) Submission to the Government for approval; 4) Program Propaganda and dissemination; 5) Program Implementation Challenges Time Constrain: “To submit to the Prime Minister in the second quarter of 2008” Solution: • Adaptation policy framework is to be developed and submitted; • Other activities is to be continued, say, year period ... prevention; - National strategy for water management and conservation; - National strategy for envi protection; - Sectoral development plans Preparation Process of the National Target Program. .. Program on Climate Change Adaptation, search for international assistance for the Program, and submit to the Prime Mnister in the Second Quarter of 2008” INTRODUCTION 1) The National Target Program. .. etc 2.4 Identification of Adaptation Measures 2.4.2 Development of National Target Program on CC Adaptation in Relationship with Development Goals • It is necessary to considerer CC is a policy