How to write a good report (TIẾNG ANH KINH tế SLIDE)

Whether you are busy with college report writing or school report writing, this academic assignment can be categorized into different types... The abstract should contain the essence of

Report

• Report writing is the result of your researches,

analysis, and investigations, which you present

in a written form Whether you are busy with

college report writing or school report

writing, this academic assignment can be

categorized into different types

Overall approach: top-down

• First write the section-level outline,

• Then the subsection-level outline, and

• Then a paragraph-level outline The

paragraph-level outline would more-or-less be like a presentation with bulleted points It

incorporates the flow of ideas

A, T, O, C,R

• ACTOR

• CARROT

• ……

Title and abstract

• These are the most-read parts of a report This is how you

attract attention to your writing The title should reflect what you have done and should bring out any eye-catching factor of your work, for good impact

• The abstract should be short, generally within about 2

paragraphs (250 words or so total) The abstract should contain the essence of the report, based on which the reader decides whether to go ahead with reading the report or not It can

contain the following in varying amounts of detail as is

appropriate: main motivation, main design point, essential

difference from previous work, methodology, and some catching results if any

eye-• How do interest rate policies affect the

development of a country? The case of

Vietnam

• An analysis the impacts of interest rate

policies on the development of a country: The case of Vietnam

• Most reports start with an introduction

section This section should answer the

following questions (not necessarily in that

order, but what is given below is a logical

order) After title/abstract introduction and

conclusions are the two mainly read parts of a report

– What is the setting of the problem? This is, in other words,

the background

– What exactly is the problem you are trying to solve? This is

the problem statement

– Why is the problem important to solve? This is the

motivation

– Is the problem still unsolved? The constitutes the statement

of past/related work crisply

– Why is the problem difficult to solve? This is the statement

of challenges

– How have you solved the problem? Here you state the

essence of your approach

– What are the conditions under which your solution is

applicable? This is a statement of assumptions

– What are the main results? You have to present the main

summary of the results here

– What is the summary of your contributions?

– How is the rest of the report organized? Here you include

a paragraph on the flow of ideas in the rest of the report

• This is expanded upon into a separate section

if there is sufficient background which the

general reader must understand before

knowing the details of your work It is usual to state that "the reader who knows this

background can skip this section" while

writing this section

Past/related work

• It is common to have this as a separate section, explaining why what you have done is something

novel Here, you must try to think of dimensions

of comparison of your work with other work For

instance, you may compare in terms of

functionality, in terms of performance, and/or in terms of approach Even within these, you may have multiple lines of comparison functionality-

1, functionality-2, metric-1, metric-2, etc

Technical sections

• The main body of the report may be divided into multiple sections as the case may be You may have different sections which delve into different aspects of the problem The

organization of the report here is problem

specific You may also have a separate section for statement of design methodology, or

experimental methodology, or proving some lemmas in a theoretical paper

– Outlines/flow: For sections which may be huge, with many

subsections, it is appropriate to have a rough outline of the

section at the beginning of that section Make sure that the

flow is maintained as the reader goes from one section to

another There should be no abrupt jumps in ideas

– Use of figures: The cliche "a picture is worth a thousand words"

is appropriate here Spend time thinking about pictures

Wherever necessary, explain all aspects of a figure (ideally, this should be easy), and do not leave the reader wondering as to what the connection between the figure and the text is

– Terminology: Define each term/symbol before you use it, or

right after its first use Stick to a common terminology

throughout the report

• This is part of the set of technical sections, and

is usually a separate section for experimental/design papers You have to answer the

following questions in this section:

– What aspects of your system or algorithm are you

trying to evaluate? That is, what are the questions you will seek to answer through the evaluations?

– Why are you trying to evaluate the above aspects?

– What are the cases of comparison? If you have

proposed an algorithm or a design, what do you

compare it with?

– What are the performance metrics? Why?

– What are the parameters under study?

– What is the experimental setup? Explain the choice of every parameter value (range) carefully

– What are the results?

Future work

• This section in some cases is combined along with the "conclusions" section Here you state aspects of the problem you have not

considered and possibilities for further

extensions

• Readers usually read the title, abstract,

introduction, and conclusions In that sense, this section is quite important You have to crisply state the main take-away points from your work How has the reader become

smarter, or how has the world become a

better place because of your work?

• Books, magazines, newspapers, reports, websites etc that help you to write this report

Three types of report

• Research Report Writing

• Business Report Writing

• Science Report Writing

Research Report Writing

• When writing a research report, you must

remember that the main purpose of this

academic assignment is to communicate the results of research, field work, or any other activity

• Successfully written research report presents

the concrete evidence of the research

conducted In report writing, you also must

consider clarity, organization, and content

Business Report Writing

• Business report writing becomes an essential part of the

communication process in the business environment

Business report writing standards grow in complexity to

meet the needs of a rapidly developing environment

• Whether you are writing a financial, statistical or an audit report, you have to determine the scope of your research and isolate the problem to collect relevant data

• Business report writing starts with the executive

summary that is written in a non-technical manner

• You should keep in mind audience needs, since the typical

audience for business reports is upper level managers with little or

no technical knowledge

• Do not forget to state the precise quantitative tools that will be

used to achieve the desired results This part of a business report is

tough for many students, as it requires not only in-depth

knowledge of statistical tools, but also general information about the tools used in similar studies to estimate the accuracy and

relevancy of the selected tool

• Often, more than two writers at Custom-Writing.org work to

ensure that your report ends up being statistically correct

• Be careful with findings and interpretation of the results, since your conclusion and future research suggestions are based on this

section We make interpretations of technical findings for those

who have less technical expertise

Science Report Writing

Science report is often required as a coursework in

undergraduate papers within scientific disciplines Science report must have:

• aim, which is the primary objective

• method, which explains how the project was

researched

• results, which present the findings

• conclusion, which includes further research

suggestions and your own subjective opinion on the subject matter discussed

• When writing a science report, do not forget to use

headings and subheadings to guide the reader

through your work Statistical evidence in the form

of tables and graphs should be included in

appendices Do not forget to refer to it in the body

of your scientific report

• Whatever type of academic report you are writing, Custom-Writing.org writers will assist you at all

stages of report writing, providing you with a

professionally written academic assignment

1 International trade

2 Foreign direct investment

3 Foreign exchange trading

4 Payment in international trade

Deadline: 14 October 2014

• Times New Roman 12, 1.5 line

• 4,000 words