Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là: people, I, we, you, they, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, anybody…khi đổi sang bị động thường được bỏ đi.. Ex: They built this bridge last yea[r]
Trang 1PASSIVE VOICE Definition: The passive voice is used to show interest in the person or object that experiences
an action rather than the person or object that performs the action In other words, the most important thing or person becomes the subject of the sentence.
Examples
1 The passive voice is used frequently (= we are interested in the passive voice, not in who uses it.)
2 The house was built in 1654 (= we are interested in the house, not in who built it.)
3 The road is being repaired (= we are interested in the road, not in the people who are doing the repairs.)
Sometimes we use the passive voice because we don't know or do not want to express who performed the action.
Examples
1 I noticed that a window had been left open
2 Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads
3 All the cookies have been eaten
4 My car has been stolen!
I Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động:
S + be* + V(3/ed) + (by + O) (* be chia theo thì của V) Passive: Bị động
Ex: They are painting the house.
→ The house is being painted
They had destroyed all the documents when we arrived
→ All the documents had been destroyed when we arrived.
II Thay đổi hình thức động từ cụ thể trong từng thì:
Simple Present S + V/ V (s/es) + O S + am / is / are + V(3/ed) + (by + O)
Present continuous S + am / is / are + V-ing + O S + am / is / are + being + V(3/ed) + (by + O) Simple Past S + V(2/ed) + O S + was / were + V(3/ed) + (by + O)
Past continuous S + was / were + V-ing + O S + was / were + being + V(3/ed) + (by + O) Present Perfect S + have / has + V(3/ed) +
O
S + have / has + been + V(3/ed) + (by + O)
Past Perfect S + had + V(3/ed) + O S + had + been + V(3/ed) + (by + O)
Simple Future S + will + V + O S + will + be + V(3/ed) + (by + O)
Modal verbs can
may must
S + have to + V1 should used to
be going to ought to
can may must
S + have to + be + V(3/ed) + (by + O) should
used to
be going to ought to Ex:
1 John delivers the newspapers every morning.
Trang 2The newspapers are delivered by John every morning.
2 My mother wrote that letter.
That letter was written by my mother.
3 They will build a new school here next month.
A new school will be built here next month.
4 He is asking me a lot of questions.
I am being asked a lot of questions.
5 She was doing her homework at that time.
Her homework was being done at that time.
6 My mother has made that cake.
That cake has been made by my mother.
7 They had prepared a party before we came.
A party had been prepared before we came.
8 Sue is going to write the book
The book is going to be written by Sue
9 You must finish this report
This report must be finished
NOTES: LƯU Ý:
1 Khi chủ ngữ và túc từ trong câu chủ động là đại từ, ta phải thay đổi cho phù hợp.
Ex: The teacher punished me.
I was punished by the teacher
2 Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là: people, I, we, you, they, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, anybody…khi đổi sang bị động thường được bỏ đi
Ex: They built this bridge last year
This bridge was built last year (by them)
3 Khi trong câu chủ động có 2 túc từ thì dùng tức từ nào làm chủ ngữ cũng được, tuy nhiên, túc từ chỉ người được sử dụng nhiều hơn.
Ex: My mother bought me a new shirt
4 Nếu chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là No one/ noboby khi đổi sang bị động ta bỏ “ by no one/ nobody” nhưng động từ phải đổi sang thể phủ định.
Ex: No one believes his story
His story isn’t believed
5 Vị trí của trạng từ.
Trạng từ chỉ thể cách được đặt trứơc Past Participle (V(3/ED).
Ex: I do my homework carefully
My homework is carefully done
Trạng từ chỉ thời gian có thể đặt ở đầu câu hoặc sau by + O
Ex: I lent him money yesterday
He was lent money yesterday
Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn được đặt trước by + O
Ex: Mary bought the gift from that shop
The gift was bought from that shop by Mary
III MỘT SỐ DẠNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT:
1 Verbs of opinion (Động từ chỉ ý kiến): say, think, believe, know, report, consider, expect, feel,
hope, know, understand…
Active S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2
Trang 3It + be V3/ ed + that + S2 + V(2 /ed)
S 2 + be V 3/ ed + to V
to have V3/ ed
Ex People say that he is a famous doctor.
It is said that he is a famous doctor.
He is said to be a famous doctor.
People believe that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour.
It is believed that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour.
2 Causative forms (Cấu trúc câu truyền khuyến): have, get > nhờ ai đó làm gì
Have Active S + have + sb + Vo + sth
Passive S + have + sth + V3/ed + (by + O)
Get Active S + get + sb + TO Vo + sth
Passive S + get + sth + V3/ed + (by + O)
Ex:
1 I had him repair my bicycle yesterday
I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.
2 I get her to make some coffee
I get some coffee made.
3 Verbs of perception (Động từ chỉ giác quan): see, hear, watch, smell…
Active: S +see/ hear/ watch/ smell + O +Vo / V-ing
Passive: S + be + seen/ heard/ watched/smelt + to Vo/ V-ing.
Ex: They saw the man run away / They saw the man running away
The man was seen to run away / The man was seen running away
4 Với động từ make/ let + O + V
Active: S + make + O + V
Passive: S + be + made + to + V
Ex: Teacher make the students do a lot of homework
Students are made to do a lot of homework.
Active: S + let + O + V
Passive: S + be + allowed + to V
Ex: She lets her son play computer games on Sunday afternoon
Her son is allowed to play computer games on Sunday afternoon.
5 Với động từ: want/ need + to + V want/need + V-ing/to be + V-ed/V3
Ex: He needs you to believe his ability.
He needs to be believed his ability.
Ex: They need to repaint the house
The house needs repainting = The house needs to be repainted
6 Remember/ hate/ keep…+ someone + V-ing.
Ex: I remember my mother taking me to school on the first day.
I remember being taken to school on the first day by my mother
Trang 47 Imperative form (thể mệnh lệnh)
Active: Verb + object + adj
Passive: Let + object + be + V(3/ed) + adj
Ex1: Keep your hand clean
Let your hand be kept clean
Ex2: Don’t talk the secret to her
Don’t let the secret be talked to her
8 It is your duty to do something You are supposed to do something (bổn phận của bạn là….)
Ex: It’s your duty to lock all the doors
You are supposed to lock all the doors
Trang 5I Change the following sentences into the passive voice.
1 They grow rice in tropical countries.
→ _
2 Mr Green loves his children very much
→
3 People don’t speak French here
→ _
4 Someone broke his windows last night
→ _
5 The police didn’t find the lost boy yesterday
→ _
6 About thirty million people are watching this live show now
→ _
7 Jack has typed the article recently
→ _
8 The police haven’t found the murderer yet
→ _
9 They were carrying the injured player off the field at that time
→
10 They had wrapped the package carefully before they posted it
→
11 Children should treat old men with respect
→
12 They are going to build a new school
→
13 He isn’t going to buy that house
→ _
14 They will pull down that building
→ _
15 The teacher won’t correct the exercises tomorrow
→ _
16 You have to keep dangerous chemicals in the safe place
→ _
17 They may use that room for the classroom
→ _
18 You must wash your hands
→ _
19 They ought to knock down the old building
→ _
20 You needn’t type that report today
→
21 Nobody has used this room for ages
→
22 No one can solve that problem
→
23 No one told us the news
→
24 Paul didn’t tell me the ending of the story
→
Trang 625 The teacher will give her a prize if she works well.
→
26 Her mother bought her a doll last week
→
27 The police found the robber in the forest yesterday.
→
28 They made him work all day
→
29 People don’t make the children work hard
→
30 They let him meet her family last month
→
31 People saw him steal your car
→ _
32 The teacher is watching them work
→ _
33 Alice had a mechanic repair her car
→
34 Ellen got Marvin to type her paper
→
35 The hairdresser is cutting Mary’s hair now
→ Mary is having her hair _
→ Mary is having the hairdresser
36 People know that English is an international language
→ It is known _
→ English is known
37 They said that she won the competition
→ _
→ _
38 They reported that the President had suffered a heard attack
→ _
→ _
39 They need to clean the windows
→ _
→ _
40 It is your duty to lock all the doors
→ _
41 Open your book, please!
→ _
Trang 7PERIOD 3 + 4: PASSIVE VOICE (BE - V 3/ed ) (TEST-GOOGLE FORM)
ALL TENSES IN THE PASSIVE VOICE Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences
1 These T-shirts and jeans in the US in 1900
2 The building is very dangerous It down next week
A knocked B will knock C will be knocked D was knocked
3 The room looks nice It
A was cleaning B has just been cleaned C will be cleaned D is cleaning
4 We _each other for 10 years
A know B knew C have known D had known
5 Our twenty houses when the fire engine
A had burnt up / arrived B burnt up / had arrived
C had been burnt up / arrived D will have burnt / arrives
6 After I the grass, it to rain
A have watered / will begin B water / began
C had watered / began D had watered / will have begun
7 Next week when there a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher
8 English is all over the world
A spoken B speak C speaks D to speak
9 Where will these coconut trees ?
A be planted B planted C plant D be planting
10 Before Jane won the lottery, she any kind of contest
A hasn’t entered B doesn’t enter C wasn’t entering D hadn’t entered
11 My parents tomorrow to stay with me for a few days
A come B will have come C are coming D came
12 She left home in 1993 and since then
A hasn’t seen B didn’t see C hasn’t been seen D wasn’t seen
13 your house painted last year?
14 What you at 8 o’clock last night?
A did/ do B have/ done C were/ doing D had/ done
15 “We are having a party at the weekend.” -“Great! Who _?”
A will being invited B Is going to invite
C is going to be invited D will invite
16 This is the fifth time you the same question
A to build B to be built C to have been built D being built
18 In England, the academic year _ into three terms Each term _ by a one-week break
A is divided / separated B divided / is separated
C is divided / is separated D divided / separated
C has been discovered D they discovered
20 I am going to have my car
A service B to be serviced C serviced D servicing
21 Two tablets twice a day to have you recover from the illness quickly
A must take B must be taken C must have taken D must be taking
Trang 822 The next meeting in May.
A will hold B will be held C will be holding D will have held
23 They had a boy _ that yesterday
24 We got our mail _ yesterday
A been delivered B delivered C delivering D to deliver
25 James _ the news as soon as possible
A should tell B should be told C should told D should be telled
26 My wedding ring _ yellow and white gold
27 Mr Wilson is _ as Willie to his friend
28 References _ in the examination room
A not are used B is not used C didn’t used D are not used
29 Laura _ in Boston
30 His car needs
31 Her watch needs _
32 My mother is going _ this house
33 There’s somebody behind us I think we are _
A being followed B are followed C follow D following
34 Have you _ by a dog?
35 The room is being _ at the moment
36 It _ that the strike will end soon
37 It is _ that many people are homeless after the floods
38 He was said _ this building
A designing B to have designed C to design D designed
39 Ted _ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden
40 These tennis courts don’t _ very often Not many people want to play
41 I’ll get Minh _ this for you
42 Those letters _ now You can do the typing later
A need typing B needn't be typed C need to type D needn't typing
43 “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it especially for me by a French tailor.”
44 Somebody cleans the room every day
A The room everyday is cleaned B The room is every day cleaned.
C The room is cleaned every day D The room is cleaned by somebody every day.
45 People don’t use this road very often
A This road is not used very often B Not very often this road is not used.
C This road very often is not used D This road not very often is used.
Trang 946 How do people learn languages?
A How are languages learned? B How are languages learned by people?
C How languages are learned? D Languages are learned how?
47 Tom bought that book yesterday
A That book was bought by Tom yesterday B That book was bought yesterday by Tom.
C That book yesterday was bought by Tom D That book was bought yesterday.
48 The new computer system _ next month
A is be installed B is being installed by people
C is been installed D is being installed
49 Traffic rules strictly
A followed B must followed C must be followed D must follow
50 Over 1500 new houses _ each year Last year, 1720 new houses _
A were built/were built B are built/were built
C are building/were built D were built/were built
Trang 10III Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to show the underlined part that needs correction
A B C D
52 Two people got hurt in the accident and were took to the hospital by an ambulance
A B C D
A B C D
A B C D
55 Progress is been made every day in all parts of the world
A B C D
A B C D
57 Arthur was giving an award by the city for all of his efforts in crime prevention
A B C D
58 He was seen go to the beach with some other people
A B C D
59 He is believed to work for the CIA in the 1970s
A B C D
60 We are not let to cycle in the park, are we?
A B C D
61 You should get your car to service every two years
A B C D
A B C D