Đề cương ôn tập tiếng Anh 11

Was/ were able to Diễn tả một hành động một người nào đó phải xoay xở, phải cố gắng hết sức để làm được trong một hoµn c¶nh cô thÓ.. Ex: We were able to find some useful books in the big[r]

Đề cương ôn tập tiếng anh 11 (A draff of review english 11)

Unit 1: The infinitive ( Động từ nguyên mẫu)

1.Infinitive with “to” (ĐT nguyên mẫu có “to”)

a/ V + to V

ex: He agreed to do this work

They promised to come back to pick up me

He afforded to buy this quite house

Some popular verbs: agree, offer, decide, appear, forget, seem, learn, manage, hope, promise, fail, arrange…

b/ V + O + to V

Ex: My father taught me how to use this computer

She reminds us to do homework

Some popular verbs: remind, force, enable, persuade, order, warn, invite, teach, get……

c/ What/ how/ where/ when… + to V

Ex: I don’t know where to go I’m homeless

Do you remember what to do?

Some popular verbs: forget, explain, understand, decide, ask…

d/ Some special verbs:

Sau Want, mean, intend, ask, expect, help, would like, would prefer ta dùng cả 2 cấu trúc

V + to V và V + O + to V.

Ex: They asked me to turn back his book

She asked to use this machine

2 Infinitive without “to” (Động từ nguyên thể không có “to”)

a/ After Model verbs:

can

could

might

would

should

maybe

Ex: I can sing well

You should go now

b/ After “Make & Let”:

Make

Ex: This story makes me feel happy

Why do you let him go away?

Unit 2: Tenses Revision (Xem lại trong vở học)

Unit 3 & 4 Infinitive and Gerund (Động từ nguyên mẫu và Danh động từ)

1.Infinitive (Unit 1)

Addition: a/ After “be + adj”: be glad, be happy, be kind…

Ex: It is nice to meet you

You are kind to carry this heavy suitcase for me

b/ After “be + enough/ too”

Ex: She is too lazy to become a good student

2 Gerund:

a/ Subject.(Danh động từ làm chủ ngữ)

Ex: Going shopping is my hobby

b/ After “ enjoy/ like/ love/ avoid/ delay/ deny/ finish/ mind/ miss/ practise/ prevent/ postpone/ risk/

forgive/ admit/ consider…

Ex: The little girl denied breaking the vase

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c/ After some Phrases/ Forms( Sau các cụm từ/ Cấu trúc): can’t bear, can’t stand, can’t face, can’t help, feel

like, It’s no good, It’s no use…

Ex: I can’t help laughing whenever he tells a joke.(Tôi ko thể nhịn đc ST mỗi khi anh ta kể truyện hài)

d/ After preposotion (Sau các Giới từ)

Look forward to

Insist on

Be surprised at

Be interested in + V-ing

Be busy with

Think of/ about

Be afraid of

Ex: We are thinking about going camping in the mountain

3 To V or V-ing after Remember/ stop/ forget/ regret/ try.(Xem lại trong vở học)

Unit 5 & 6 Reported speech with Infinitive and Gerund.

(Câu tường thuật với Động từ nguyên mẫu và Danh động từ)

1 With Infinitive:

a/ Reported orders and requests:

- Structure: S + told/ asked/ ordered/ talked…+ O + (not) to V

Ex: “Don’t talk in the class” the teacher said

=The teacher told us not to talk in the class

Ex: “Remmenber to finish your homework before going out” His father said

=His father ordered him to remmenber to finish his homework before going out

b/ Reported offers and suggetions:

- Structure: S + advise/ warn/ agree/ invite/ decide/ hope…+ O + (not) to V

Ex: My mother said “You should study harder”

= My mother advised to study harder

Ex: The boy said “ I will help you”

= The boy promised to help me

2 With Gerund:

Gerund IS] dùng sau một số cụm ĐT/ ĐT+ GT khi ST thuật:

Accused…of apologize for congratulate…on dream of

insist …on prevent…from

thanks…for warn…against think of admit deny suggest

Ex: “You took some of my money” He said

= He accused me of taking some of his money

Ex: “It is nice of you to listen to my presentation Thankyou.” She said

= She thanked us for listening to her presentation

Unit 7: Conditional types 1, 2, 3

Conditional in Reported Speech

1 Cond types 1, 2, 3.

1 Future or Present possible

(Hành động có thể xảy ra ở hiện

tại hoặc Sa lai)

S + V/ V(es/s) S + will/ shall/ can/ may…+V

2 Present unreal

(Không có thật ở hiện tại)

might…+ V

3 Past unreal

(Không có thật trong quá khứ)

S + had + VpII S + would/ could/ should/

2 Cond in Reported Speech.

a Type 1

Ex: “If it rains, I will stay at home to read book” The boy said

= The boy said that if it rained, he would stay at home to read book

Ex: “ If I catch the train, I will return home early” Mary said

= Mary said that if She caught the train, she would return home early

Nghiên cứu những ví dụ trên ta nhận thấy: Câu ĐK loại 1 khi chuyển sang câu ST thuật tuân thủ theo Quy tắc lùi một thì S trong các câu ST thuật khác

b Types 2, 3.

Ex: She said “ If I were you, I would attend the class”

= She said if she were me, she would attend the class

Ex: “ If he had come, we would have had a good time” They said

= They said that if he had come, they would have had a good time

Qua các ví dụ trên ta thấy : Khi chuyển câu ĐK loại 2 và loại 3 sang câu ST thuật ta vẫn giữ nguyên thì, không thay đổi

Unit 8: Pronouns: One(s), someone, anyone, no one, everyone.(Xem lại trong vở học)

Unit 9: Defining and Non defining Relative Clauses

 Who: thay thế DT chỉ ST làm Chủ ngữ.

 Whom: thay thế DT chỉ ST làm Tân ngữ.

 Whose: thay thế Tính từ Sở hữu.

 Which: thay thế DT chỉ Đồ vật, con vật.

 Where: thay thế DT chỉ nơi chốn

 When: thay thế DT chỉ thời gian.

 that: thay thế các ĐTQH trên.( ko dùng trong MĐQHKXĐ và MĐQH có giới từ)

Defining Relative Clauses Non Defining Relative Clauses

Ex: The women who worked here last month has

gone away

Mệnh đề “who worked here last month” là

MĐQHXĐ vì nó xác định nghĩa cho DT “the

women”

Ta không thể bỏ MĐ này trong câu

Ex: Peter, who is a soft man, is interested in stamp collection

MĐ “who is a soft man” là MĐQH không XĐ vì nó chỉ bổ xung thông tin cho DT “Peter”

Ta có thể bỏ MĐ này đi

DT đã đc Xđ bởi : -DT riêng

- Dùng TTSH : my, her

- Dùng Đại từ chỉ định : this, that, those MĐQHKXĐ đứng giữa 2 dấu phẩy

Note: MĐQHXD >< DT khôngXĐ

MĐQH Không XĐ >< DT XĐ

Unit 10: Relative pronouns with prepositions (Đại từ quan hệ có giới từ)

a/ Đặt GT #SW ĐTQH hoặc sau ĐT chính

Ex : The man to whom you talked yesterday is my uncle

The man whom you talked to yesterday is my uncle

b/ Có thể bỏ ĐTQH và IS" GT về sau ĐT chính

Ex : The man you talked to yesterday is my uncle

c/ Chú ý : - GT đứng #SW ĐTQH ST IS] ta sử dụng nhiều hơn cả.

- Ta không sử dụng ĐTQH “who, that, where, when, why” sau các GT

- Some examples:

 I will introduce you to the man with whom I share a flat

 She found the letter for which I was looking

 The song to which we listened lastnight was exciting

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Unit 11: R.C replaced by Participles and To-infinitive.

(MĐQH được thay thế bởi Phân từ và ĐT nguyên thể có TO)

1 By Participles

a / By Present Participles.(Bởi Hiện tại phân từ – V-ing).

 Khi ĐT trong MĐQH chỉ hđ dang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói

Ex : The man who is talking to the headmaster is our form teacher.

= The man talking to the headmaster is our form teacher

 Khi ĐT của MĐQH diễn tả công việc hàng ngày

Ex : I work in this farm which has a lot of flowers.

= I work in this farm having a lot of flowers

 Khi ĐT của MĐQH ở thể chủ động

Ex : Do you know the woman who made a very interesting speech lastnight ?

= Do you know the woman making a very interesting speech lastnight?

b / By Past participles (Bởi Quá khứ phân từ – VpII)

 Khi ĐT của MĐQH ở thể bị động

Ex: The work “ The Old man and the sea” which was written by Hemingway is really interesting

= The work “ The Old man and the sea” written by Hemingway is really interesting

2 By To-infinitive

a/ Form: S + V + O + R.C = S + V + O + to V/ for sb to V

Ex: The student who was interviewed this morning is my close friend

= The student to be interviewed this morning is my close friend

Ex: We have a lot of books which you can read when you are free

= We have a lot of books for you to read when you are free

b/ Form: This is the first/ second…last + N + R.C

= This is the first/ second…last + N + to V.

Ex: This is the first foreigner who teaches us English in our school

= This is the first foreigner to teach us English in our school

Unit 12 : Omission of Relative Pronouns.(Lược bỏ ĐTQH)

1 As Subject ( ĐTQH là chủ ngữ)

Các ĐTQH đóng vai trò là Chủ ngữ trong câu, ta ko +S] bỏ ĐTQH đó

Ex: The picture which took the first prize was of mine

S V Ex: I don’t like people who talk a lot

S V

2 As Object ( ĐTQH là Tân ngữ)

Khi các ĐTQH là tân ngữ trong câu, ta IS] phép +S] bỏ chúng

Ex : Are there the books which you bought yesterday ?

= Are there the books you bought yesterday?

Ex: The dress which Ann designed didn’t fit her

= The dress Ann designed didn’t fit her

Unit 13: Cleft Sentences.

1.Subject focus:

It be + subject + that/ who/ which + V

ex: It is my mother who loves us most

It was her best friend that helped her to get over

It was Tom cat which caught Jerry mouse

2 Object focus:

It be + object + that + S + V

ex: It is my mother that I love most

It was this diamond ring that my boyfriend gave me

3 Adverbial focus:

It be + adv + that + S + V + O

ex: It was on the last Valentine’s day that my boyfriend gave me this diamond ring

It is in that house that I was born

Unit 14: Conjunctions.

1 Các cụm “both…and/ not only….but also/ either…or/ neither… nor” dùng nối 2 từ đồng loại với nhau

 Both….and: Vừa… vừa.

ex: That man is both musicial and singer

Both you and I have to go to school every morning

 Not only….but also: Không những ….mà còn

ex: Your computer is not only cheap but also nice

This perfume is not only for man but also for woman

 Either… or : Hoặc… hoặc

ex: Either you learn or you go away

Tomorrow it is either sunny or rainy

 Neither … nor : Không……mà cũng không

ex: He neither looks me nor says any words He cries

Neither going to school nor staying at home all day makes her happy

Notes: Động từ chia theo Chủ ngữ đứng gần nó.

ex: Neither Tom nor I am wrong Khi “Neither” đứng một mình ta dịch là “không” và Đt chia theo Dt đi sau “Neither”

ex: Neither girl has a car

2 Cleft sentences in passive

Form: It be + O/ adv + that/ who +…… +be VpII

Ex: The girl saw a cat in the garden

active: It was in the garden that the girl saw a cat

passive: It was in the garden that a cat was seen by the girl

Unit 15: Could/ be able to & Tag questions.

1 Could/ be able to.

a/ At present: Can/ is, are, am able to.

S] dùng S nhau Trong văn nói ta hay dùng “can” hơn

ex: Can you play the video?

b/ At past: Could/ was/ were able to.

Diễn tả một khả năng một ai đó có thể làm IS]

trong quá khứ

Ex: My child could say some simple words when

she was 12 months old

Diễn tả một hành động một ST nào đó phải xoay

xở, phải cố gắng hết sức để làm IS] trong một hoàn cảnh cụ thể

Ex: We were able to find some useful books in the big library

2 Tag questions (Xem lại trong vở học)

Unit 16: It is said that……./ People say that…… / S be Vp II to V….

1 The Passive voice (Xem lại trong vở học)

2 Special structures:

S1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2 + O S: people, they, someone, no one… = It be (v1) + VpII that S2 + V2 + O V1: think, believe, know, expect…

= S2 be (v1) + VpII + to V + O

Ex: People say that he is an intelligent boy

= It is said that he is an intelligent boy

= He is said to be an intelligent boy

Ex: They believed that the president had come there

= It was believed that the president had come there

= The president was believed to have come there

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Note: MĐQHXD >< DT khôngXĐ

MĐQH Không XĐ >< DT XĐ

Unit 10: Relative pronouns with prepositions (Đại từ... lastnight was exciting

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