AutoCAD 2019 3D Modeling

Practice 4-1: Creating Planar and Network Surfaces 4.3 Using Blend, Patch, and Offset Commands 4.3.1 Blend Command.. 4.3.2 Patch Command 4.3.3 Offset Command.[r]

2019

WARRANTY

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1.7 Creating a New UCS by Manipulating the UCS Icon 1.8 Creating a New UCS Using UCS Command

2.4 Editing Basic Solid Shapes Using Quick Properties and Properties 2.5 3D Object SNAP

7.1.3 3D Scale Command

7.2 Mirroring in 3D

7.2.1 XY, YZ, and ZX Options

8.3 Converting 2D and 3D Objects to Surfaces 8.3.1 Convert to Surface Command

8.3.2 Explode Command

8.4 Conversion Between Objects—Conclusion Practice 8-1: Converting Objects

8.5 Introduction to Sectioning in 3D

8.6 Sectioning Using the Slice Command

Practice 8-2: Slicing Objects

8.7 Sectioning Using the Section Plane Command 8.7.1 Select a Face Method

8.7.9 Generate Section Command

Practice 8-3: Using Section Plane Command 8.8 Sectioning Using the Flatshot Command Practice 8-4: Using the Flatshot Command

11.2 Material Browser

11.3 Methods to Assign Material to Objects and Faces 11.3.1 Using Drag-and-Drop

11.3.2 After Selecting an Object, Right-Click Material 11.3.3 Using Attach by Layer Command

This book discusses the 3D environment and commands in AutoCAD 2019.Many AutoCAD users do not know the real capabilities of AutoCAD in 3D,

leading them to use other software, such as 3ds MAX® or Maya®, to build their3D models, create lights, load materials, and assign materials, and then createstill rendered images and animation This book aims to clear up this misleadingidea about AutoCAD and to introduce the real power of AutoCAD in 3D

Since its inception, AutoCAD has enjoyed a very wide range of user base,making it the most popular CAD software in the world since the 1980s.AutoCAD’s widespread use is due to its logic and simplicity, which makes itvery easy to learn It evolved through the years to become a comprehensivesoftware application that addresses all aspects of engineering drafting anddesigning

This book explores the 3D environment of AutoCAD, teaching the readerhow to create and edit 3D objects and produce impressive images This book isideal for advanced AutoCAD users as well as college students who have alreadycovered the basics of AutoCAD 2019

This book is not a replacement of AutoCAD manuals, but is considered to be

a complementary source that includes hundreds of hands-on practices tostrengthen the knowledge learned and to solidify the techniques discussed

At the end of each chapter, the reader will find “Chapter Review Questions”that are the same type of questions you may see in the Autodesk certificationexam; so the reader is invited to solve them all Correct answers are at the end ofeach chapter

This book contains six projects from different types of engineering Solvingthem will allow the reader to master the knowledge learned These projects arepresented in metric and imperial units

The companion disc included with this book contains the following (all of the companion files on the disc are also available for downloading from the publisher by writing to info@merclearning.com):

A link to retrieve the AutoCAD 2019 trial version, which will last for 30days starting from the day of installation This version will help you solveall practices and projects (if you are a college/university student, you candownload a student version of the software from www.autodesk.com)

Practice files which will be your starting point to solve all practices in thebook

A folder named “Practices and Projects,” which you should copy to the harddrive of your computer

Two folders of projects: “Metric” for metric unit projects, and “Imperial”for imperial unit projects

1 Use 3D template files, which are acad3D.dwt and acadiso3D.dwt These

templates will help you set up the 3D environment needed to start buildingthe desired 3D model

2 Use either the 3D Basic workspace or the 3D Modeling workspace In this

book we always use the 3D Modeling workspace to find the desiredcommands, because it encompasses tabs and panels that contain allAutoCAD 3D commands

The picture below illustrates the two concepts:

Negative Y-axis = South and Back

Positive X-axis = East and Right

Negative X-axis = West and Left

By clicking each face of the cube, you will see a 2D orthographic view, asmentioned in the preset views By clicking the upper corners of the cube, youwill see an isometric view similar to SW, SE, NE, and NW By clicking thelower corners of the cube, you will see the same views but from below Inaddition to these views, ViewCube will allow you to look at the model from theedges of the cube These are 12 views The total will be 26 views.

Add to these 26 views a compass that will rotate the ViewCube CCW or CW

Views are always related to the World Coordinate System (WCS) or to theUser Coordinate System (UCS); hence, make sure you are at the right WCS or

Also, at the bottom right of the ViewCube, you will see a small triangle,which contains a menu to help you make some settings; check the followingillustration:

You can do all or any of the following:

Retain the Home view

Switch between the Parallel (60/30 isometric) view, Perspective view, orPerspective view with Ortho faces.

Change the Home view to be the current view

Modify ViewCube settings

Display ViewCube help topics

If you select ViewCube Settings, you will see the following dialog box:

Once you start the command, the mouse cursor will change to:

This command will allow you to rotate your model around all axes Yourlimit will be the top view and the bottom view; you can’t go beyond them Thiscommand will end by pressing [Esc]

Another way to do the same thing is by holding [Shift]+clicking and holdingthe Mouse wheel

1.3.2 Free Orbit

Check the picture below An arcball will appear, showing four circles at eachquadrant Zoom and pan using your mouse wheel to center your model at thearcball:

You will see the following shape: if you are inside the arcball, which issimilar to the Orbit command discussed above

You will see the following shape: if you are outside the arcball, which

Another way to access this command is by holding [Shift]+[Ctrl]+Mousewheel

1.3.3 Continuous Orbit

When you issue this command, the mouse cursor will change to:

This command will allow you to create a nonstop movement of the modelorbiting All you have to do is to click and drag Your model will start moving inthe same direction you specified To end this command, press [Esc]

Choose the Full Navigation option, and you will see the following:

1.4.2 Orbit Command

This is a similar command to the Orbit command Move your cursor to thedesired location, select the Orbit option, click, and hold Move the mouse right

1.4.3 Pan Command

This command will allow you to Pan in 3D Move your cursor to the desiredlocation, select the Pan option, click, and hold Move the mouse right and left,

up and down, to pan your model

1.4.4 Rewind Command

This command will record all your actions that took place using the otherseven commands When you use it, it is as if you are rewinding a movie Startthe Rewind command; you will see a series of screen shots Click and drag yourmouse backward to view all of your actions

1.4.5 Center Command

This command will allow you to specify a new center point for the screen.(You should always hover over an object.) Select the Center option, click andhold; then locate a new center point for the current view When done, release themouse As a result the whole screen will move to capture the new center point

1.4.6 Look Command

Assuming you are located in a place, and you are not moving, your head ismoving up and down, left and right Move the cursor to the desired location,select the Look option, click and hold; then move the mouse right and left, and

up and down

1.4.7 Up/Down Command

This command will allow you to go up above the model or down below themodel Move your cursor to the desired location; then select the Up/Downoption You will see a vertical scale Click and hold and move the mouse up anddown

1.4.8 Walk Command

This command will simulate walking around a place; you will have eight

directions to walk through If you combine this command with the Up/Downcommand, you will get the best results Move your cursor to the desired location,select the Walk option, click and hold, and move the mouse in one of the eightdirections.

Another way to reach the same is to go to the Home tab, locate the View

panel, then click the upper pop-up list:

4 In Conceptual visual style, objects will be shaded and smoothed.

5 In Realistic visual style, objects will be shaded and smoothed; if materialsare assigned, it will be shown with texture

6 In Shaded visual style, you will get the same result of Realistic but withouttexture

7 In Shaded with Edges visual style, you will get the same result as Shadedexcept the edges are highlighted

8 In Shades of Gray visual style, the color of all objects will be shades of

to create the desired UCS and create objects on it

The relationship between X Y Z axes will remain the same; angles willremain 90 between axes, according to the right-hand-rule

Below is the UCS icon:

As you can see, there is a grip at the 0,0,0, and three spheres at the end ofeach axis If you hover over the grip, it will show the following:

1 Move and Align: This option will allow you to move the UCS origin to anew location and align it with an existing face

2 Move Origin Only: This option will allow you to move the UCS origin to anew location

You want to move and align UCS with the inclined face:

Click the UCS icon and hover over the origin grip; select the Move andAlign option:

Move the mouse to align with the inclined face Once the UCS is located inthe right position, click once You will get the following result:

Now you will be able to draw on this plane Check the following:

This command will create a new UCS based on information supplied by you,and it doesn’t ask for objects to be drawn beforehand This command offers somany ways to create a new UCS, which makes it a very important command forany AutoCAD user who wants to master 3D modeling in AutoCAD We willdiscuss UCS options not according to their alphabetical order, but according to

their importance You can find all UCS options in the Home tab and

Coordinates panel.

1.8.1 3-Point Option

To create any plane in XYZ space, you need three points This fact makes

this option the most practical when creating a new UCS As the name of theoption suggests, you will specify three points:

These are three options, but they are similar So we put them together Theidea is very simple; you will fix one of the three axes, and then rotate the othertwo to get a new UCS But how will you know whether the angle you have toinput should be positive or negative? We will use the second right-hand-rule,which states, “Point the thumb of your right hand toward the positive portion ofthe fixed axis; the curling of your four fingers will represent the positivedirection.” In the below picture we took Y as an example To issue the Y

command, select the Y button:

1.8.4 Named Option

If you use a certain UCS frequently AutoCAD gives you the ability toname/save it This will help you retrieve it whenever you need it After creating

the UCS, go to the View tab, locate the Coordinates panel, select the Named

button:

You will see the following dialog box:

Under the Named UCSs tab, you will see a list of the saved UCSs, plus,

Unnamed, World, and Previous Unnamed is your current UCS, which you

created before issuing this command Click it to rename it; then type the newname Then press [Enter] You will see something like the following: