Unit 03 ways of socializing (e language focus)

• Pronunciation : Stress in two-syllable words• Grammar: Reported speech... Changes in tenses:Direct speech Reported speech Present simple Past simple Present progressive Past progressiv

Look at these pictures

and guess what

they are doing.

Saturday, September 18th , 2010Unit 3: WAYS OF SOCIALISING

• Pronunciation : Stress in two-syllable words

• Grammar: Reported speech

[bi'twi:n]

COMMON RULES:

- For verbs, stress is often put on the

second syllable.

Ex: attract, begin, discuss…

- For noun or adjectives, stress is often put

on the first syllable.

Ex: polite, signal, English…

Linda Cupple is a social worker in my village.

William Makepeace Thackeray was a famous British writer.

David Warren is Linda’s teacher’s doctor.

Janet is having a number of problems.

Michael is sailing across the river.

Jenny is waiting for Michael to return.

* Practise reading these sentences:

Grammar: Reported Speech

Ex: You (S)  He/She/I/We/They

You (O)  him/her/me

your  his/her/my/our/their

- He/She/It/They  ø

2 Changes in tenses:

Direct speech Reported speech

Present simple Past simple

Present progressive Past progressive

Past simple Past simple/Past perfect

Past progressive Past progressive/Past perfect

progressive Present perfect Past perfect

Present perfect progressive Past perfect progressive

Past perfect Past perfect

Past perfect progressive Past perfect progressive

3 Changes in time, place and demonstrative heads:

Direct speech Reported speech

today tonight tomorrow yesterday last night two days ago

then/immediately that day

that night the next/following day the day before/the previous day the night before

two days before/earlier

place here there

demonstrative

heads

this these

that those

KINDS OF REPORTED SPEECH

1 Imperative:

a Positive: S + asked / told / ordered / …+ O + to V o …

b Negative: S + asked / told / ordered / …+ O + not + to V o …

Ex: He said to them, “Don't tell me such a nonsense!”

 He told them not to tell him such a nonsense.

Notes:

• V o  to V o

• Don’t V o  not to V o

2 Statement:

S + told + O / said + (that) + S + V (lùi 1 thì)

Ex: ”I have just bought you a new hat,”

my mother said to me.

=> My mother told me/said that she had just bought me a new hat.

3 Yes/No question:

S + asked + O + if/whether + S + V(lùi 1 thì)

Ex: ”Have you ever been to Europe

before?” my friend asked me.

=> My friend asked me if I had ever

been to Europe before.

4 Wh question:

S + asked +O+ Wh-word… + S + V(lùi 1 thì)

Ex: “How many books did you buy

yesterday?” my mother asked my sister.

=> My mother asked my sister how many

books she had bought the previous day.

5 Advice:

S + should/had better/ought to/be supposed + V 0

or If I were you/ I would + V/ Why don’t you

6 Suggestion:

Let’s/why don’t we/shall we + V 0

or What/ how about + V ing

S + suggested (that)+ S+ should

9 Apology:

I’m sorry for sth

=> S + apologized for doing sth

Ex : " I am sorry for being late"

=> He apologized for being late.

10 Invitation :

- Would you like sth

- Have sth

- Will you have sth

- Would you like to do sth

- Could you do sth

=> S + invited sb + to do sth

Ex : "Would you like to go to the cinema

with me?“ he said to me.

=> He invited me to go to the cinema

with him.

S + thanked + O + for + V ing

Ex: “ It was very nice of you to give me the present Thank you,” Lan said to Nam.

 Lan thanked Nam for giving her the present.

Reported speech with to infinitive

S + V + O + (not) to infinitive

(Verbs: advise, encourage, persuade, order, warn, expect, tell…)

 Reported speech with gerund

S + V + (O) + prep + (not) V ing

(Verbs: thank sb for, accuse sb of,

congratulate sb on, warn sb against,

apologize sb for, dream of, object to,

prevent/stop sb from…)

“It very successful.”

“I chosen to run an office in District 5.”

“How long learning English?”

have you been

7 Thuan asked me how long I

learning English.

have you been

had been

“I hope you will come and visit me in Ho Chi Minh City.

9 Thuan hoped I would come and visit him in Ho Chi Minh City

“I hope I will be successful

in Ho Chi Minh City.

9 Thuan hoped he would be successful in Ho Chi Minh

City

Tung Lan

2 “I’m upset, too.”

3 “I’m not interested.”

4 “He promised to go to the cinema.

5 “but he didn’t turn up.”

6 “I don’t want to see you again.”

7 “I don’t believe he did.”

8 “I’ ll talk to him later.”

9 “I must be going now otherwise I’ll

be late for school.”

EXERCISE 2:

2 was upset

3 was not interested

4 had promised to go to the cinema

5 hadn’t turned up

6 didn’t want to see you

7 she didn’t believe you tried

8 she would talk to you later

9 she had to go now otherwise she

would be late for school.

KEY:

TUAN TUNG

would there had to those

would there had to those

-Do Test yourself A

-Do exercises in the workbook