flight aeroplane voyage / Motor City nickname of Detroit due to its close connection to the automobile industry / affordable not too expensive, at an accessible price / boutique hote
Trang 2Tél 01 45 78 33 80
Ouvrages recommandés par le corps enseignant
P élèves de collège et lycée
P étudiants en classes préparatoires
P étudiants de l’enseignement supérieur
P professionnels
P adultes débutants
Remise de 5 %
Code promo : VOC318
valable jusqu’au 30 mai 2018
w w w o p h r y s f r
Retrouvez l’intégralité
de nos collections sur :
Suivez-nous sur Facebook
Le mot et l’idée Anglais 1
Edition 2018 actualisée par Claude Gosset
Il s’adresse aux élèves de lycée, aux étudiants de BTS, de classes
préparatoires et de tous les secteurs de l’Université ainsi qu’à tous ceux
qui, pour des raisons professionnelles ou culturelles, veulent actualiser
leurs connaissances en anglais britannique et américain
Les nombreuses variantes entre l’anglais
britannique et américain sont signalées et
permettent ainsi une vision complète de la langue
Le vocabulaire de base présenté par centre d’intérêt
Health Th e House At Home Food and Meals Th e Economy Th e Press Th e Armed Forces Life in Society Irregular Verbs
Une présentation claire,
organisée en colonnes
propice aux révisions
et aux contrôles
Un test en 10 points,
à chaque page pour
une relecture rapide
Un classique indémodable
pour réviser, en classe
– la deuxième permet un sement des connaissances, pour atteindre un niveau d’expression autonome (niveau B2 - fi n de lycée)
élargis-La grammaire à deux niveaux B1 - B2 de Sylvie Persec : pour revoir les bases, puis se perfectionner avec le même ouvrage.
Avec 330 exercices corrigés
et un glossaire des diffi cultés
français/anglais
nouvelle édition
ISBN 9782708014480
238 pages
14 €
leurs connaissances en anglais britannique et américain
Le vocabulaire de base présenté par centre d’intérêt
élèves de lycée, aux étudiants de BTS, de classes
ainsi qu’à tous ceux qui, pour des raisons professionnelles ou culturelles, veulent actualiser
!
ISBN 9782708015067
438 pages
17,50 €
Pour aller plus loin
LE MOT ET L’IDÉE ANGLAIS 2
Trang 3édito sommaire N° 445 / Du 8 au 21 mars 2018
Grand angle 4
On parle d'eux 5
A la une
THE OBSERVER (UK) 6
Detroit is reinventing itself
Société
Cape Town’s inhabitants face severe drought
THE NEW YORK TIMES (US) 14
Canada’s national anthem is now gender neutral
Few opportunities for young people in Bradford
THE INDEPENDENT (UK) 24
The United States votes to repeal net neutrality
Culture
Interview with Hostiles actor, Christian Bale.
The British film industry is booming
Découverte
friendships THE INDEPENDENT (UK) 31
Friends think in a similar way
Detroit is one of the most iconic American cities
and its history is fascinating For a long time it
was a symbol of American prosperity…until it
became the victim of economic crisis
In 1903, Henry Ford created the Ford Motor
Company and Detroit became known as the
“Motor City”, or “Motown”, due to its status as
the capital of the American automobile industry
The city was growing and flourishing until the
1930s In the 1960s, its economic decline began,
and in 2013 it was declared bankrupt
However, Detroit has been making a comeback
recently, often referred to as its ‘rebirth’ Travel
guide, Lonely Planet, has even placed it second in
its top ten cities to visit in 2018
Billionaire, Dan Gilbert, born in Detroit, and
longtime Michigan resident, is considered its
“saviour” due to his numerous investments It
is also due to the city’s rich cultural heritage
Detroit is the birthplace of soul, punk and techno
music It is a multicultural city that took a stand
to end racial segregation Community projects
such as the environmental and artistic, Recycle
Here! and Power House Productions, are flourishing
Detroit residents are taking their city back, and
their inspiring story is the subject of journalist,
Aaron Millar’s article
Happy Reading!
L’article est repris sur le CD ou les MP3
de conversation : Des interviews en V.O
pour améliorer votre compréhension
Tous les articles du magazine sont lus par des
anglophones sur le CD (ou les MP3) de lecture
Retrouvez le reportage vidéo
lié à l’ article sur vocable.fr
BONUS
Rejoignez-nous sur et suivez-nous sur et sur
NIVEAU DE DIFFICULTÉ ET ÉQUIVALENCE CECRL
(Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les langues) :
facile A2-B1 moyen B2-C1 difficile C1-C2
Pour faciliter le repérage et la compréhension, les mots traduits sont surlignés dans tous les articles du magazine.
AMÉLIE ARA
RÉDACTRICE EN CHEF
Trang 44 • VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018
CLIMBING PEAK DISTRICT
In this picture, Mike Hutton, an adventure photographer and climber, can be seen hanging from Bamford Edge, in the Peak District The 46-year-old photographer started climbing in 1989, while he was studying at Nottingham University He has travelled to 30 different countries, taking pictures of climbers in stunning landscapes, and his work is published in magazines and books worldwide During the past five years, Mike has lived in the Peak District taking pictures of the UK’s most talented climbers and athletes by abseiling down the mountains with them.
to climb to go up, ascend / to hang, hanged or hung, hanged or hung from here, to be suspended
from / stunning spectacular, amazing, extraordinary / landscape here, scenery of a natural environment / work here, photography / worldwide all over the world / to abseil to go down a steep
rock or cliff while attached to a rope
The Peak District
National Park
The Peak District National
Park, located in the central
northern part of England,
became a national park in
1951 It was the first area
to be designated as a
national park in the United Kingdom It is 555 square
miles (1,438 square kilometres) in size, and
covers four counties comprised of small picturesque villages,
moors, dales, rivers, springs and caverns.
to be located to be situated / area here, region / square mile =
2.56 km² / to cover to extend across / county geographical
region of a country established for administrative reasons / to be
comprised of to be made up of / picturesque beautiful / moor
high open area of land / dale valley / spring source of water
ROYAUME-UNI
L’actualité en images Grand
angle
Trang 5On parle d'eux…
Ceux qui font l'actu
VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 • 5
Kim Yo-jong
She may not have been competing for a medal,
but North Korean leader Kim Jong-un’s sister
was definitely the star of the 2018 Winter
Olympic Games Kim Yo-jong sat close to the
US Vice President Mike Pence during the
opening ceremony, made a surprise
appear-ance at the hockey match featuring a
com-bined Korean team competing against
Swit-zerland, and delivered an official invitation for
South Korean president Moon Jae-in to visit
Pyongyang as soon as possible She was the
first member of her family to visit the South in
more than 60 years “Kim’s visit couldn’t be
more effective from the North Korean public
relations point of view,” Oh Young-jin,
manag-ing editor of the Korea Times, wrote.
to compete to be in competition / definitely absolutely, without a
doubt / featuring here, of, which was comprised of / combined
mixed / Switzerland country of west-central Europe (capital: Bern)
/ to deliver here to offer, give / effective here, successful at serving
its purpose / managing editor chief editor, director.
Rob Porter
At this year’s Berlin Film Festival, German actress Anna Brüggemann called for actresses to ditch high heels and wear comfortable clothes With her #NobodysDoll campaign, she wanted female actors to be treated like “artists, not dolls” “When #MeToo happened, and all these beautiful Hollywood actresses said ‘it’s time for more equal rights and we should all be feminists’, I thought, well, equality begins when we women really stop thinking about our bodies as something
we have to improve,” she said
to ditch to get rid of, abandon / high heels stiletto,
shoes which are raised at the back / to wear, wore,
worn to put on, to dress in / doll model of a human
figure, here, Barbie / to happen to take place, occur /
well here, ok / to improve to make better, enhance
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced an ambitious health insurance scheme that would give free healthcare to 100 million families in the country The plan, dubbed “Modicare” by Indian media, would be the world’s largest government-funded healthcare program It would expand health coverage massively in a country where the average life expectancy, 68, is much lower than in other large developing countries
health insurance medical insurance / scheme plan / healthcare service of providing medical treatment / to dub to call, name / to fund to finance / to expand to
extend / average here mean, median level / life
expectancy the average length of time a person may
expect to live / developing country emerging economy
White House staff secretary Rob Porter
resigned from his job last month, following
allegations of brutal physical abuse from two
ex-wives When the allegations were first
printed by The Daily Mail, Donald Trump
defended Porter, tweeting that “peoples’ lives
were being shattered and destroyed by a mere
allegation.” But the FBI soon revealed that
Porter’s background check had been
concluded months ago and that Porter had
been working for the White House with a
temporary security clearance
to resign to leave (a post) / allegation accusation /
abuse attack, violence / wife spouse / to shatter to
destroy, break up / mere simple / background check
process of investigating a person’s criminal past / to
conclude here, to carry out / clearance authorisation
Anna Brüggemann Narendra Modi
Retrouvez le fil d’infos surwww.vocable.fr
Trang 66 • VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 facile A2-B1 / moyen B2-C1 / difficile C1-C2
They have a saying down here, in
southern Michigan: “Nothing stops
Detroit.” It’s a good moniker for the city
Beaten down, bankrupt, riddled with crime,
Detroit was, for many years, the butt of a
joke Not any more Recently voted by
Lone-ly Planet as one of the hottest cities to visit
in 2018, Detroit has transformed itself, and
its image, into the epitome of urban preneurship and resurgent city cool
entre-2. It’s a good time to visit, too New low-cost flights launching this April, from Wow Air, will make reaching the Motor City more affordable than ever before Cool boutique
hotels are opening by the dozen – including the Foundation, where I stayed, a gorgeous former fire station converted to a hip hangout (no fire poles to breakfast though, sadly) The food and cocktail scene is exploding – a new restaurant, bar or cafe has opened every week for the past three years And, this being De-
1 saying expression, adage / down here around here, in
this part of the state / moniker name, here, slogan /
beaten down at its lowest point / bankrupt without
money, in debt / to be the butt of a joke the object of
derision / hot in vogue, fashionable /
epitome quintessence, perfect example / resurgent
renascent
2 flight aeroplane voyage / Motor City nickname of
Detroit due to its close connection to the automobile
industry / affordable not too expensive, at an accessible
price /
boutique hotel small, stylishly decorated independently
owned hotel (as opposed to large standardised chains) /
gorgeous beautiful, magnificent / fire station firefighter
headquarters / hip trendy, fashionable, cool / hangout place where a person or animal spends a lot of time / fire
pole long pole that traditionally led from the sleeping
quarters down to the fire engines /
DAZZLED BY DETROIT: HOW
MOTOWN GOT ITS GROOVE BACK
Detroit, birthplace of record label, Motown, is enjoying a renaissance
(dazzled impressed, overwhelmed; groove rhythm)
Detroit was declared bankrupt in 2013 The “Motor City” has come a long way since then Thanks to private investment, most
notably from billionaire, Dan Gilbert, and to the resilience and creativity of its residents, the city is now enjoying a renaissance Journalist, Aaron Millar offers a view of the new hip American city.
Did you know?
Detroit’s main nickname is “the Motor City” or “Motown” because of being the world’s auto industry capital since the
early 1900’s Its other nicknames include: the Paris of the Midwest (for its baroque architecture), Rock City (after the Kiss song), City of Champions (for its successes in individual and team sport) and The 313 (from its telephone area code).
nickname informal name / téléphone area code telephone number to indicate the local area
Artists Brandan 'BMike' Odums and Rick Williams work on their mural during the 2017 Murals in the Market festival in Detroit (Tanya Moutzalias/AP/SIPA)
Trang 7VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 • 7
I Destination I ETATS-UNIS I C2
troit – the birthplace of Motown, techno and garage – the music has never left If you’re looking for an alternative US city break, something fresher and more affordable than the usual Chicago, New York scene, then forget the ghosts of its past and embrace the spirit of its future They call it “America’s comeback city” but the truth is Detroit is happening right now
REBORN FROM ITS ASHES
3. I started downtown In the first half of the 20th century, Detroit was the car-manufac-turing capital of America “We had more money than God,” my guide, local die-hard Detroiter Jeanette Pierce, said – and an echo
of those glory days still remains Detroit is an art-deco masterpiece: there’s the Guardian Building, with its vaulted ceil-
ings hand-painted in bright tec patterns; and the Fisher Building, with 30 storeys wrapped entirely in marble like
Az-a cAz-aricAz-ature of cAz-apitAz-alism
4. Detroit has the est theatre district in America after Broadway, and an art mu-seum, the Detroit Institute of Arts, where you’ll find Monets, Van Goghs and Picassos An exquisite Diego Rivera mural graces the Rivera Court, once dubbed
second-larg-“America’s Sistine Chapel” – except here only the gods of manufacturing are hon-oured: giant iron machinery, men on the assembly line and a solitary red, shining car in the corner
5. But that infallible surge of American alism wasn’t to last As the car giants auto-mated, or moved jobs elsewhere, the city, quite literally, turned to ruin Skyscrapers and factories, those former bastions of pros-perity, slowly hollowed out from within: we passed the Fisher plant where Cadillacs were once made, now riddled with vandalism; and the once-magnificent Michigan Central Sta-tion, with broken windows like open wounds It was like seeing the American dream in reverse: the withered skin of wealth left to rot, as the march to progress marched out of town
ide-AN AUTHENTIC CITY
6. But in catastrophe, there is opportunity
The city’s motto (surely, one of the greatest
premonitions of all time) is:
“We hope for better things; it will rise from the ashes” – and rising it is I browsed a shop selling guitars made by hand using wood from demolished buildings (Wallace Detroit Gui-tars) and another that trans-formed decrepit graffiti into jewellery (Rebel Nell); I stopped
in the trendy new fashion tique, Detroit Is The New Black; got drunk with people from local arts and urbanism mag Grand Circus (set up to showcase De-troit’s blossoming creative scene); and ex-plored the Aladdin’s cave of locally made curios in City Bird and the Ponyride Market
bou-Home-grown brands, and fresh new speople and artists seemed to be springing
craft-NIVEAU AVANCÉ DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE
Mike Duggan est maire de Détroit depuis 2013 Il revient sur l'histoire
de l'urbanisation de la ville et nous explique comment la ségrégation raciale y a longtemps prévalu
CD audio ou téléchargement MP3 (sur abonnement)
"We had more money than God."
up everywhere, like flowers growing in the cracks of a broken pavement
7. Far from the downtrodden wasteland so often depicted, the city felt optimistic and determined to prove the world wrong And
Motown famous record label (by ext the Motown sound
refers to soul music and dance of the 1960s) / garage
Detroit garage rock is a style of music based on garage
punk type sound from New York / city break short holiday
in a city / fresh new, original / ghost phantom / to
embrace to adopt, accept (enthusiastically), welcome
3 ash powder that remains after sth is burnt / downtown (in the) city centre / car-manufacturing automobile construction / die-hard confirmed, intransigent /
masterpiece brilliant piece of work, great achievement / vaulted ceiling curved ceiling / pattern motif / storey
floor (of a building) / to wrap to cover / marble hard,
usually white, stone used to make buildings and statues
4 exquisite superb, beautiful / mural large wall painting,
fresco / to grace to adorn, decorate / to dub to call, name /
manufacturing industrial production of goods / iron
silvery-white metallic element (Symbol Fe), here made of
metal / machinery equipment, machines / assembly line
sequence of machines and workers in a factory that put a
product together / shining shiny, smooth, clear and bright
5 surge great increase or rise / to automate to make (production) automatic / to turn to ruin to be devastated /
skyscraper very tall modern building, high-rise (US) / factory
place where goods are manufactured/produced / to hollow
out from within to empty out from inside / plant industrial
installation / once-magnificent previously splendid /
wound injury, damage to the body / in reverse in opposite
direction to normal / withered shrivelled, stunted, atrophied /
skin exterior covering / wealth riches, opulence / to rot to
decompose / to march out to leave at a steady pace
6 motto short phrase to express a principle or ideal / to
rise, rose, risen to ascend, here, be reborn / to browse to
look at goods in a shop, explore / decrepit in poor condition / jewellery ornaments worn on the body (rings, necklaces,
bracelets etc.) / trendy fashionable, chic / is the new
black is now in style / mag = magazine / to set, set, set
up to create / to showcase to highlight / blossoming
flourishing / curio curiosity / home-grown here, local /
brand trade mark, type of product / craftspeople
artisanal / to spring, sprang, sprung up to appear /
crack fissure / pavement section at the side of a road for
people to walk on, sidewalk
7 downtrodden desolate, poor and neglected /
wasteland deserted, barren land / to depict to portray,
describe / to prove sb wrong to expose as untrue /
Key Dates
1701 The city is founded by French explorer Antoine de Lamothe-Cadillac
1796 The London Treaty is signed It gives the city to the Americans
1805 A fire burns to ashes most of the city’s buildings Father Gabriel Richard writes the Latin maxim Speramus Meliora; Resurget Cineribus («We hope for better things; it will arise from the ashes.»), which becomes the city’s official motto
1903 Henry Ford creates the Ford Motor Company
1959 Berry Gordy Jr founds The Motown, the famous record company dedicated to soul music
1963 The 12th Street Riot, one of the bloodiest riots that took place in the United States, kills 43 people and injures 342 others
1973 Coleman Young, Detroit’s first Black mayor, is elected
2013 The city files for bankruptcy It is the largest American city to have done so
2014 The city’s plan for adjustment of its debts is approved Detroit officially exits bankruptcy
treaty accord / fire incendiary incident / to burn to ashes to reduce to cinders / to arise, arose, arisen
to appear, rise up / motto short phrase to express a principle or ideal / record company music label /
to be dedicated to to be devoted to / riot violent
protest / to take, took, taken place to happen, occur / to injure to hurt, wound / mayor head of a city government / to file for bankruptcy to legally proclaim financial ruin / so here, this / debt money
owed
Retrouvez plus d’infos dans la newsletter Vocablewww.vocable.fr/newsletter
>>>
Trang 88 • VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 facile A2-B1 / moyen B2-C1 / difficile C1-C2
À la une
because it’s being driven by small, creative
business rather than big commercial stores,
it was authentic and original, too – a garden
of unique treasures rather than a
homoge-nised mass of chains
THE CRADLE OF MUSIC
8. Then there’s the music Detroit is the
birth-place of Motown (an abbreviation of the city’s
nickname, Motor Town) and you can’t come
here without visiting the studio (now the
Motown Museum) where it all began: the
Supremes, Smokey Robinson, the Four Tops
and more got their start in this unassuming
two-up, two-down residential home they
called “Hitsville USA” I toured its gallery of
old photographs and gold records, saw the
piano where they perfected those iconic
har-monies and ended up in the basement
record-ing room, untouched since the doors closed
in 1972, stacks of master tapes, huge analogue
equipment and the microphone where Marvin
Gaye sang What’s Going On: sorrow and pain
in every lyric, but hope and spirit, too – just like Detroit
9. But, in the end, this city is about having fun So, on my last night, I decided to go big
I started in Baker’s Keyboard Lounge, the est jazz club in the world – established in 1933, graced by Miles Davis and Ella Fitzgerald
old-After that, I had one of the best meals of my life in Grey Ghost: posh wagyu beef with the ghosts of derelict mansions all around Later,
I wound up in what is surely the coolest ing den in the world: Bad Luck Down a dark dirty alley, with no sign on the door, it’s the kind of place that makes the hairs bristle on the back of your neck, though it is gorgeous inside with speakeasy-style decor It also serves the smoothest, most elaborate cocktails you’ll ever drink Try Mysticism, served in an elaborate puff of smoke, like a magician’s trick
drink-10. But I wasn’t done yet Detroit has another musical child: techno was born here in the 1980s, when illegal raves were thrown in
abandoned factories “It was an audio sault,” Sam Fotias, a pioneer of the genre, told
as-me “It was almost like you were in a dral.” Music from the ruins: there is, perhaps,
cathe-no better metaphor for the city
11. I finished the night old-school style: in a blacked-out room with lasers, dancing into the dawn And, yes, for those of you who remember the Fedde Le Grand hit of 2006, I did put my hands up for Detroit And, yes, I
do love this city Nothing stops it l
I Destination I ETATS-UNIS I C2
to drive, drove, driven to be the force/power behind /
chain chainstore, franchise
8 cradle place where sth originated, birthplace /
nickname informal name, sobriquet / to get, got, got
one’s start to begin / unassuming modest / two-up,
two-down residential home house with two rooms on
two floors (levels) / to tour to visit / gold record a disc/
plaque commemorating 500,000 record sales / to
perfect to master, to work on sth until it is perfect / iconic
emblematic / basement here, lower-level / stack pile /
master tape the original recording from which copies are
made and sold / analogue here, non-digital / sorrow
sadness, chagrin /
lyric word of a song
9 to go, went, gone big to go all out, here, do as many
memorable things as possible in one night / graced by that had the honour of play/perform there / wagyu Japanese
word for a special kind of beef, of which Kobe is the most
famous / mansion manor house / to wind, wound, wound
up to end up, to find oneself / den here, discreet place / alley
very small passageway behind a building / to bristle here, to stand up (if sth is a bit scary) / speakeasy ref to prohibition bars with clandestine service of alcohol / smooth here, delicious, ‘cool’ / puff very small cloud / trick illusion
10 rave dance party that lasts all night and electronically synthesized music is played / to throw, threw, thrown
here, to organise /
assault attack
11 old-school retro, classic / blacked-out extremely
dark / dawn early morning, sunrise / hit popular,
successful song / Put Your Hands Up For Detroit famous
song (2006) by DJ Fedde le Grand
It makes the hairs bristle on the back of your neck (§ 9)
ou It gives you goosepimples/
gooseflesh
(cela vous donne la chair de poule)
It sends shivers down your spine
(cela vous donne froid dans le dos).
It made my hair stand on end
(ça m'a fait dresser les cheveux sur la tête).
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
>>>
The Joe Louis Fist Statue in Downtown Detroit (Sipa) The Motown Museum-Hitsville USA in Detroit, original location of Motown
Music production (Istock)
Trang 9Downtown Detroit has always had plenty of assets – among which the famous “Greektown”, a
historic commercial and entertainment district, and it has been one of the first areas to be
rehabilitated in Detroit, mostly thanks to billionaire Dan Gilbert, who has bought up most of the
area’s office space and led big development projects Since 2006, more than $9 billion has been
invested in Downtown The Campus Martius Park was one of Downtown’s first and most
successful redevelopment projects The reconfigured park opened in 2004 and has become
Detroit’s gathering place thanks to its beautiful gardens and historical amenities.
downtown city centre / asset sth advantageous or well worth having / among here, including /
entertainment form of amusement or recreation / to rehabilitate here, to reconstruct / thanks to due to,
because of / billionaire very rich person who has (at least) a billion dollars / to buy, bought, bought up to
purchase / to lead, led, led to run, direct, control / development construction programme / to reconfigure
to revamp, renovate / gathering place meeting place / amenities facilities
including Wayne State
University and the
College for Creative Studies, many museums and cultural institutions,
it also offers sports and entertainment venues, restaurants and retail stores And, along with Downtown, it is home to
the Detroit Theatre
District, the second
largest theatre district in the United States The
Little Caesars Arena
played a major role in revitalising the area This
multi-purpose arena, which opened in September 2017, serves as
the home of the Detroit Red Wings and the Detroit Pistons.
college university / venue place, location / retail store shop,
store selling to the public / along with as well as / to be home
to to be the place where sth is located / arena stadium /
multi-purpose used for a variety of functions / to host to be the
chosen location for, organise
THE HEIDELBERG PROJECT
The Heidelberg Project is an art
project created in 1986 by artist Tyree Guyton In an attempt to reimagine his neighbourhood, he started painting the houses of the area and attaching salvaged items to them Soon, the project brought community members together and The Heidelberg Project became the city’s first outdoor museum The project has evolved:
“Heidelberg 3.0” now features an education space and youth program.
attempt act of trying to do sth / to reimagine reinvent / neighbourhood area,
district / to salvage to recuperate / item article, object / to bring, brought, brought
together to unite / outdoor outside, in the
open air / to feature to include / youth (for)
young people
State: Michigan Population: 677,116
21st largest US city
Downtown Jefferson Corridor Eastern Market Area Midtown New Center Area North End
Corktown Woodbridge Southwest Detroit West Side East Side Palmer Park Area
1
Little Caesars Arena (Sipa)
Campus Martius Park (Sipa)
The Heidelberg Project (Sipa)
Breayre Tender during a performance of "Detroit '67"
at the Osborn Neighborhood Alliance
(Laura McDermott/The New York Times)
Trang 1010 • VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 facile A2-B1 / moyen B2-C1 / difficile C1-C2
Société I Défi environnemental I AFRIQUE DU SUD I B2-C1
CAPE TOWN FACES DAY
ZERO: WHAT HAPPENS
WHEN THE CITY TURNS
OFF THE TAPS?
Cape Town makes contingency plans as water shortages become critical
“Day Zero” sounds like the title of a disaster movie However, on 16 April, 2018, there is a real danger for South Africa’s Cape Town residents, as it is the day the city’s water reserves might be completely exhausted What are the residents and the municipality doing to prepare for this crisis?
SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO
Comment réagissent les habitants de Cape Town face à la menace du "Day Zero"? Découvrez le reportage vidéo et testez votre compréhension sur
www.vocable.fr/videos-anglais
Cap Town
Cape Town, on the frontline of climate change (AP Photo/Bram Janssen)
Trang 11VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 • 11
Zero, the apocalyptically named point when water in the six-dam reservoir system falls to 13.5% of capacity.
4. At this critical level – currently forecast for 16 April – piped supply will be deemed to have failed and the city will dispatch teams of engineers to close the valves to about a million homes – 75%
of the city “It’s going to be terrifying for many people when they turn on the tap and nothing comes out,” says Christine
Colvin, freshwater manager for WWF and a member of the mayor’s advisory board.
5. In place of piped water, the city will establish 200 water collection points, scattered around the city to ensure the legally guaranteed minimum
of 25 litres per person per day within 200 metres of every citizen’s home.
6. This will be a major burden on municipal coffers The estimated cost of installing and running the new system for three months is 200m rand (£12m) Instead of selling water, it will be given away for free, which will mean R1.4bn in lost revenue.
7. “The total city budget is R40bn, so this won’t destroy us, but it will cause severe discomfort,”
says the deputy mayor, Ian Neilson, who adds that he has not had a bath at home for a year “
UNCERTAINTY
8. Neilson stresses that Day Zero can be avoided
A lowering of pipe pressure and a public tion campaign to conserve water have cut the
informa-The head of Cape Town’s disaster
opera-tions centre is drawing up a plan he
hopes he never has to implement as this South
African city on the frontline of climate change
prepares to be the first in the world to turn off
the water taps.
2. “We’ve identified four risks: water shortages,
sanitation failures, disease outbreaks and anarchy
due to competition for scarce resources,” says Greg
Pillay “We had to go back to the drawing board
We were prepared for disruption of supply, but
not a no-water scenario In my 40 years in
emer-gency services, this is the biggest crisis.”
3. The plan – being drawn up with the
emer-gency services, the military, epidemiologists and
other health experts – is geared towards Day
Three consecutive years of drought have made a mockery of normal seasonal patterns.
city’s daily water consumption from 1,200 million litres to 540 million litres If this can be pushed down another 25%, the taps should stay open to the start of the rainy season in May But this is
no guarantee Three consecutive years of drought have made a mockery of normal seasonal pat-terns “We’re in a critical transition period where the past is no longer an accurate guide to the future,” says Colvin.
9. The government has gled to keep pace Plans to make the city more resilient to climate change by diversifying the wa-ter supply with boreholes and desalination plants were not due to kick in until after 2020 But the climate has moved faster, bringing a drought so severe it would usually be ex-pected only once every 384 years.
strug-10. What was the biggest reservoir in the system – Theewaterskloof Dam – has mostly evaporated
or been sucked dry One side of the lake is now a desert Devoid of life, this is a landscape of sand dunes, cracked earth and dead trees In Cape Town itself, the population is jittery “We’re scared,” says Amirah Armien as she queues to fill
a couple of bottles at the spring beside Newlands Brewery “Water is life What are we going to do without water?”
11. After a run on bottled water last month, permarkets introduced limits for each customer Hardware shops have sold out of water tanks and pool covers Borehole drillers are now so
su-1 disaster catastrophe / to draw, drew, drawn up to
create, establish / to implement to put into action / on
the frontline military term for the first line of soldiers in a
battle, here, the first victims of / to prepare to to get
ready for
2 shortage insufficiency, lack / sanitation public
services of hygiene, disposal of waste etc / failure lack,
breakdown, shutdown, stoppage / disease outbreak
start of an epidemic / scarce insufficient / to go, went,
gone back to the drawing board to start over again
from the beginning / disruption interruptions, problems /
supply provision / emergency safety, relief
3 health medical and social care / to be geared
towards to be destined for, here, be prepared for /
point moment / dam barrier built across a river to stop
water from flowing and to create a reservoir
4 currently at present, at the moment / to forecast,
forecast, forecast to predict / to pipe to channel via
pipes and tubes / to be deemed to to be considered as /
engineer a person who uses scientific
knowledge to solve practical problems / freshwater water without salt, not sea water / mayor head of a city government / advisory board committee
appointed to advise and supervise
5 to scatter to spread around / to ensure to guarantee, make sure / within at a distance of less than
6 burden weight, load, here, cost / coffers here, funds, finances, treasury / to run, ran, run to operate, manage /
to give, gave, given away to hand out, distribute / for free without charge / bn = billion (one thousand million)
7 to cause to create, result in / discomfort lack of comfort, here difficulty / deputy number two, vice
8 to stress to emphasise, insist on the fact that / to
avoid to prevent / lowering reduction / pressure
propulsion, force / to cut, cut, cut to reduce /
consumption use / to push down here, to reduce / drought period of very dry, hot weather and low rainfall / to make a mockery of to make a joke of, here, destroy the
notion of / pattern rhythm, variation, way sth usually occurs /
no longer not any more / accurate precise, here, reliable
9 to struggle to have a difficult time / to keep, kept, kept
pace to keep up, to follow at the same speed / resilient (to)
able, prepared to deal with / borehole drill hole, excavation here for water, well / desalination plant building which carries out the process of removing salt from sea water / to be
due to to be scheduled to / to kick in to start, to come into
action / to expect to suppose as likely (to happen)
10 to suck dry here, to dry out from overuse/ over consumption / side edge, bank / devoid of without /
landscape here scenery of a natural environment / cracked
split apart / jittery nervous, agitated, worried / to queue to wait in a line / to fill to make full / a couple of two / spring source of water / brewery place where beer is made
11 run rush for, raid / customer consumer / hardware
shop store for building and household supplies / to sell, sold, sold out to sell all the stock / tank reservoir, cistern
/ cover plastic sheet to cover and protect / driller person
who operates equipment that makes holes in the ground /
Téléchargez l’appli Vocable offerte à nos abonnés !www.vocable.fr/applimobile
It was back to the drawing board
c'était le retour à la case départ (§ 2)
The scheme is still on the drawing
board le projet est encore à l'étude
A drawing office un bureau de dessin
industriel
et pour fixer le drawing paper
(papier à dessin) sur le drawing
board on utilise des drawing pins
(punaises)
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
>>>
Trang 1212 • VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 facile A2-B1 / moyen B2-C1 / difficile C1-C2
16. There is a positive aspect to this sudden shock
Many people are happy to see a greater ness of conservation and consumption inequal-ity Social activists say the rich are experiencing what life has always been like in poor townships, where many residents are used to lining up at standpipes.
aware-BIG CHALLENGES
17. “What’s amazing is to mix and talk in the queue with every strata of society We all need water so it brings people together,” says Watson
“For now at least, most people are laughing and joking But it’s scary that some people are being greedy and panic-buying.”
18. At the other end of the income spectrum, there are worries The government has promised that
overwhelmed with requests that there is a
year-long wait Even dehumidifiers – which are being
marketed as “water from air” devices – are out
of stock.
12. “People are freaking out,” said David
Gwynne-Evans, a botanist “You go to the shops and see
people buying 20 bottles of water It’s a ridiculous
increase of disposable plastic.” The crisis has
exacerbated prejudice and division One
homo-phobic pastor blames the drought on gays and
lesbians There has also been sharp criticism of
the government, and feuds between the national
and provincial authorities over the handling of
the crisis Yet – among the broader populace –
efforts to avert Day Zero have been successfully
ramped up
AVOIDING DAY ZERO
13. Many hotels have removed the plugs from
rooms so guests must have a shower rather than
a bath […] There are more signs in the cubicles,
which are divided into “No 1” and “No 2” toilets
to ensure maximum efficiency Some shopping
malls have turned off the taps and installed
hand-sanitiser dispensers.
14. At an individual level, the learning curve has
been steep Civic-minded Capetonians have
be-come accustomed to showering – or just ladling
hot water – in a baby bath that collects the run-off
so that it can be used in first the washing machine
and then the toilet A major topic of conversation
for Capetonians is how many litres they use and
how long they can go without washing their hair
town-19. Maintaining social programmes will also
be a challenge City officials say hospitals and prisons will run as normal because they have access to aquifers, but questions remain about
819 schools, half of which do not have boreholes There would be sanitation risks if their toilets were unable to flush, but the authorities insist they will remain open “The objective is no school closures We don’t want kids on the street compounding issues,” says deputy may-
overwhelmed submerged, inundated / even here, even
seemingly less likely / to market to commercialize, sell /
device appliance, piece of equipment / out of stock all
sold
12 to freak out to panic, become very distressed /
increase augmentation, rise (in the number of) /
disposable that is used once only / prejudice
preconceived ideas, discrimination / to blame sth on sb
to believe/declare sb is responsible for sth / sharp strong,
bitter / feud quarrel, conflict / over about / handling
management, dealing / yet however / among with /
broad general / to avert to prevent, avoid / to ramp up
here, to intensify
13 to remove to take away / plug blockage consisting of
an object designed to fill a hole tightly, here for a sink or
bathtub / guest client, customer / rather than instead of
/ sign notice, information display / cubicle WC, small
compartment / efficiency ways to economise, reduce /
shopping mall shopping centre / hand sanitiser
antibacterial gel, disinfectant for cleaning hands without
water / dispenser distributor, holder
14 learning curve period of time necessary to learn (how
to master sth or a situation) / steep significant / to
become, became, become accustomed to to get used
to / to ladle to pour/transfer with a dipper / run-off used
water / topic subject / to go, went, gone here, to wait /
to flush to pull a lever to evacuate
15 shame the humiliating feeling of appearing unfavourably in one’s own eyes or in the eyes of others / to
allow to enable, permit / neighbour person living nearby
/ to embarrass to make sb feel/look foolish and guilty /
to linger to stay, remain, spend a long time
16 awareness consciousness, understanding /
conservation protection (of the natural environment etc)
/ activist militant, supporter / to experience to live, encounter, know, have the real experience of / township
black ghetto on the outskirts of a big city in South Africa /
to be used to to be accustomed to, have the habit of / to line up to wait in line / standpipe outdoor water supply
pipe
17 amazing extraordinary, fascinating, incredible / to
bring, brought, brought together to unite / at least at
any rate, in any case / greedy from greed, selfishness and
desire to acquire or possess more than one needs
18 end extremity / income revenue / spectrum range /
to flow here, to supply / informal settlement group of
unplanned, unlawful, irregular and precarious shelters in a temporary encampment that becomes a shantytown or
ghetto / neighbourhood area, district / to serve to supply / to tail off here, to stop providing water
19 official government representative / to run, ran, run here, to continue to function / to remain to continue to exist, persist / to be unable to here, to be impossible to /
to compound to make worse, aggravate / issue problem,
(Joao Silva/The New York Times)
Trang 1414 • VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 facile A2-B1 / moyen B2-C1 / difficile C1-C2
Société I Hymne national I CANADA I A2-B1
"O CANADA" WILL BECOME GENDER
NEUTRAL WITH
NEW LYRICS
Gender neutral version of
Canada's national anthem
approved
The issue concerns two words that have been debated in
Canada since 1980 On 31 January, Canadian politicians
finally made a decision The words, “thy sons” which
features in the first couplet of the national anthem, will
be replaced by “all of us”, in order to make it more
inclusive Another battle against linguistic sexism has
been won
Canada’s Senate on Wednesday
ap-proved changing the words of “O
Canada,” the country’s national anthem, to make
the English-language version gender neutral
The move came after decades of unsuccessful
efforts, and some last-minute political drama.
2. Now the second line of the anthem, which
gained official status only in 1980, will soon
become “True patriot love in all of us command”
rather than “in all thy sons command.”
WORDS MATTER
3. “It may be small,” said Senator Frances Lankin,
who sponsored the bill in the Senate, to reporters
on Wednesday after the vote “It’s about two
words But it’s huge in terms of one of our major
national symbols, the anthem we sing with pride
about our country And we can now sing it with
pride knowing the rules will support us, the law
will support us in terms of the language and we
will sing — all of us.”
NIVEAUX BASIQUE ET AVANCÉ DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE Notre animatrice Shelly de Vito s'entretient avec Shena Wilson, auteur et
traductrice canadienne
CD audio ou téléchargement MP3
4. Since Canada was host of the Winter Olympic Games eight years ago, Canadians have been less reluctant to wave their flag (the current maple leaf version of which was only adopted
in 1965) and to sing “O Canada.”
5. Outside of Quebec, “O Canada” is dutifully sung each morning by schoolchildren, often in
a variation that mixes French and English, and before some sports events, particularly ones involving teams that also play in the United States, like those in the National Hockey League.
FRENCH ORIGIN
6. Although “O Canada” is not heard much in Quebec, outside of the Bell Centre where the Montreal Canadiens play, it was created in 1880
by French-speaking Quebecers It was created
as an alternative to “God Save the Queen,” which then had official status as the country’s royal anthem, a designation it retains.
7. Twenty years later, the music by Calixa allée was adopted by some English-speaking Canadians, but translations of the lyrics, a poem
Lav-by Adolphe-Basile Routhier, didn’t catch on A torrent of English variations followed, partly spurred on by competitions The winner, ulti-mately, was written in 1908 by Robert Stanley Weir, a lawyer in Montreal.
4 to be host of to organise / reluctant hesitant, reticent / to wave to move around in the air / flag piece of cloth with a symbol used to represent a country / current used
at the present time / maple leaf leaf of the sycamore
maple tree
5 dutifully obediently / to involve to include
6 although even if / then at the time / to retain to keep
Les différents sens du
- to top the bill être à l'affiche
- to fit the bill avoir le profil requis
- to have a clean bill of health être
déclaré en parfaite santé
Sans oublier que Bill est
l'abréviation du prénom William !
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
1 anthem hymn, national song / to make, made, made
to render / move decision / to come, came, come to
happen / decade period of ten years / drama here, events
2 to gain to acquire / rather than instead of / thy = your
(archaic form) / son male child
3 to matter to be important / small insignificant / bill
proposed new law / huge enormous, immense, very
important / pride feeling of honour / rule regulation, law /
to support to defend / law legislation
The Canadian men’s national hockey team sings their country’s national anthem during the 2014
Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia (Chang W Lee/The New York Times)
7 translation rendering in a different language / lyrics words (of a song) / to catch, caught, caught on to become popular / to spur on to initiate / ultimately in the end, finally / lawyer legal expert who gives legal
counsel and represents people in a court of law
Trang 15VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018 • 15
Atwood, tried to prod Parliament into making the change A dozen bills introduced over sev-eral years all failed to pass.
10. Ms Lankin, the Senator, said that although the change has had widespread support from women, she’s also received telephone calls from “very angry people.” “They referred to the words as being al-most sacred,” she said “When I’ve walked them through the history, they’re shocked.”
11. The bill approved by the Senate on Wednesday was a dying man’s wish It was introduced by Mauril Bélanger, a Liberal member of Parliament, who was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral
A LONG BATTLE
8. The first version was gender neutral with the second line: “True patriot love thou dost in us command.” Why or when that lyric was changed
to “in all thy sons command” is unclear But complaints about the exclusion of women sur-faced as early as the 1950s when “O Canada” was very much an also-ran as the nation’s unofficial anthem to “The Maple Leaf Forever,” a patriotic song in which Canada is created and shaped by British military victories, including the conquest
of New France Unsurprisingly, that song was unpopular in French-speaking Quebec and among indigenous people and immigrants.
9. Since 1980, several different groups, among them one that included the author Margaret
sclerosis shortly after his party, under Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, took power in 2015.
12. With the government’s support it passed in the House of Commons about two months be-fore Mr Bélanger died in 2016 But Conservatives opposed to the change stymied its progress through Senate, whose members are appointed rather than elected An unusual move to limit debate forced the vote on Wednesday.
13. It is still unclear exactly when the change will take effect The governor general has to give it “royal assent” — a formality — and then
a date proclaiming its coming into force has
used in horse-racing) / to shape to form, to model /
among in, with
9 several many /
to prod to push, to incite / dozen = 12 / over during the
course of / to fail to to not successfully do sth / to pass to
be adopted, to be voted through
10 widespread extensive, general / almost nearly, practically / to walk sb through sth to guide sb through
the details of sth, to explain every part of sth to sb
11 shortly soon / to take, took, taken power to come to
power, to assume political control after an election
12 (the) House of Commons lower house of Parliament / about approximately / to stymie to block, to obstruct /
to appoint to nominate
13 to take, took, taken effect to be introduced /
assent approval / to come, came, come into force to
come into effect, to become law / to set, set, set to fix /
upcoming coming soon, future
Une suggestion ? écrivez-nous surmonavis@vocable.fr
The Canadian men’s national hockey team sings their country’s national anthem during the 2014
Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia (Chang W Lee/The New York Times)
Trang 16À 360°
Le tour du monde en V.O.
16 • VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018
Too shy
According to new research, young Japanese people are not having sex Nearly a
third of Japanese people aged 18 to 34 have never had sex On the one hand,
some Japanese men say they “find women scary” and lack self-confidence to
ask them out On the other hand, Japanese women complain that men “cannot
be bothered” to ask them out because they can watch porn on the Internet This
seems to explain Japan’s steep population decline in part…
shy timid / according to the results of (new research) suggests / nearly almost / on the one hand on the other
hand while alternatively / scary here, intimidating / to lack to not have much/enough of / self-confidence belief in
oneself / to ask sb out to invite sb on a date / to complain to criticise, to find fault with / to bother to take the
trouble to / to seem to appear to / steep significant, important
The Sand King
A 44-year-old Brazilian man has lived in a sand castle, on the beach of an upmarket neighbourhood of Rio de Janeiro, for 22 years Marcio Matolias, nicknamed “King Marcio” by his friends, has never had to pay rent thanks to his unusual accommodation
His castle features a 3x3m bedroom and is held up by a makeshift wooden frame Marcio Matolias makes money from tourist and passer-by donations, and runs a second-hand bookshop from his castle “People pay exorbitant rents to live in front of the sea, I do not have bills and here I have a good life,” he said
upmarket expensive, fashionable / to nickname to dub, give an
informal name / rent regular payment to live in a property /
accommodation lodging, housing / to feature to include / to hold, held, held up to keep it from collapsing / makeshift improvised,
handmade / wooden made of wood / frame structure / passer-by person walking past / to run, ran, run to manage / second-hand (of goods) not new, owned by someone else before, used / bill written
statement of money owed, invoice
Motherhood
A 30-year-old transgender woman has been able to breastfeed her baby in the first recorded case of its kind The case was published in Transgender Health The woman, who had been on hormone replacement therapy for six years, but had not had gender reassignment surgery, went to see doctors while her partner was pregnant She told them that her partner wouldn’t want to breastfeed the baby and that she was willing to do it herself The doctors put her on a three-and-a-half-month course of treatment, and she was able to breastfeed for 6 weeks after birth The baby grew and developed healthily during this time
motherhood role of being a mother / transgender
transsexual / to be able to to be capable of / recorded here, known / kind type, sort / hormone replacement
therapy here, male to female hormones / gender reassignment surgery surgery which changes the physical
appearance and function of a person’s genitals to bring
them into alignment with their gender identity / pregnant expecting a baby / to be willing to to be ready to / course
of treatment medical program of intervention.
Thailand’s Mister Bean
Mongkol Prechajan, a 43-year-old computer technician from Bangkok, has become a national sensation after appearing on “Thailand’s Got Talent”
as a Mr Bean impersonator “I decided to perform as
Mr Bean because kids and adults in Thailand love him,” he said A Youtube video of his performance went viral: it has been watched over five million times Thanks to the money and fame he got from the show, Mongkol Prechajan’s life has changed He now appears in adverts and attends red carpet events
sensation star, celebrity / impersonator imitator / to perform to imitate / to go, went, gone viral to spread
very quickly thanks to the internet and social media / over more than / thanks to due to, because of / fame celebrity / show programme, series / advert publicity / to attend
to be present at, participate in / red carpet long and
narrow crimson coloured rug for a traditional welcome for visiting dignitaries and more recently celebrities
Retrouvez plus d’infos surwww.vocable.fr
Trang 17PRATIC’ Vocabulaire, expressions et astuces pour parler comme un Anglais… ABLE www.vocable.fr
Se présenter à un entretien d’embauche est un moment particulièrement
difficile ; il faut trouver les mots justes, être capable de convaincre son
interlocuteur en montrant que l’on est le meilleur pour le poste à pourvoir,
présenter ses compétences, parler de ses précédentes expériences Alors,
lorsqu’il est question de passer cette épreuve en anglais, cela peut vite
tourner au cauchemar… pas de panique ! Cette page est faite pour vous…
Come in Entrez.
Take a seat Asseyez-vous.
May I have your personal details? Puis-je avoir vos renseignements
personnels ?
Could you please fill in this application form? Pourriez-vous remplir
cette fiche de candidature s’il-vous-plaît ?
Why did you apply for the job? Pourquoi avez-vous postulé ? Why should I hire you? Pourquoi devrais-je vous embaucher ? Have you ever worked in this field? Avez-vous déjà travaillé dans ce
domaine ?
What are your best qualities/ your flaws? Quelles sont vos
meilleures qualités/ vos défauts ?
As far as your qualifications are concerned… En ce qui concerne vos
diplômes…
I’m afraid your lack of experience might be a problem to us Je
crains que votre manque d’expérience ne soit un problème pour nous.
You might have to work extra hours / night shifts Il se peut que
vous fassiez des heures supplémentaires/ que vous ayez des horaires
damages dommages et intérêts
day off jour de congé
demand, call for exiger
easy-going facile à vivre
education, training études
efficient efficace
executive cadre
experience expérience
experienced expérimenté
flaws défauts, points faibles
handshake poignée de mains
renseignements personnels
punctual ponctuel qualifications diplômes qualities qualités racism racisme recruit recruter requirements exigences,
attentes
resilient déterminé sign a contract signer un contrat skills aptitudes, capacités sue somebody porter plainte
contre quelqu’un
turn down refuser wage, salary salaire waiting room salle d’attente
Qualités/ défauts : trouvez l’intrus dans chacune des listes ci-dessous :
1) resilient – serious – lazy2) selfish – easy-going – friendly3) bossy – efficient - trustworthy4) punctual – scatty – organised5) open-minded - nice - irascible
NS :
1) l azy 2 ) sel fish 3 ) bos
sy 4 ) sca tty 5 ) ira sci ble
À partir d’avril 2018, le salaire minimum (minimum wage) au Royaume-Uni
est de £7,83/ heure pour les employés de plus de 25 ans, de £7,38 pour les
21-24 ans, de £5,90 pour les 18-20 ans et de £4,20 pour les moins de 18 ans.
La culture anglo-saxonne a tendance à favoriser l’expérience
professionnelle N’hésitez pas à mettre en avant les compétences que vous
avez acquises lors de vos expériences passées.
Tout en restant modeste, n’ayez pas peur de souligner vos qualités ! Les
Américains ne sont pas vraiment adeptes de la fausse modestie.
Bon à savoir
Trang 1818 • VOCABLE Du 8 au 21 mars 2018
PRATIC’ ABLE / Grammaire / Prononciation & Orthographe
Pour indiquer des gỏts similaires,
On utilise “so do I” après une phrase positive :
I like coffee So do I
(on peut remplacer “So do I” par “Me too”).
On utilise “neither do I” après une phrase négative :
I don’t like coffee Neither do I.
(on peut remplacer “Neither do I” par “Nor me”).
So do I, Neither do I, I hope so,
I hope not
1 Reliez chaque phrase avec les répliques possibles.
La même phrase peut être reliée à plusieurs répliques
1 I haven’t seen him for ages
2 Do you think he will come?
3 She passed her driving test
4 I don’t think I know him
5 I love that color
6 Will you be getting a raise?
JOAN GREENWOOD
Piqûre de rappel 1
SO LU TIO
NS :
1.N
or m e/N eit her h ave I 2 I hop
e so/
I hop
e not 3 So d
id h e/H
e did , too 4 Nor e so I hop oo 6 Me t oo/ / I do, t o do I o I 5 S her d eit /N do I
2 Attention! Après certains verbes on
peut ajouter “so” ou “not” comme dans
I hope so / I hope not mais ce n’est pas
toujours le cas
Remplissez les blancs avec “so”, “not” ou “Ø”
(rien).
1 Will John be coming to the meeting? Yes, I think
2 And what about Jane? Is she coming too? I guess
She’s still in London
3 We’ve just had some terrible news Yes I know
4 Will they serve a meal on board? I don’t suppose
5 Is there anywhere open at this time of night? I’m
afraid
6 Jason is a friend of Peter’s, isn’t he? I believe
7 Do you think this is the right way? I’m sure
8 I shouldn’t think many people will come No, I don’t
expect
SO LU TIO
NS :
1.s
o, 2 no
t, 3 Ø , 4.s
o, 5 no
t, 6 so , 7.Ø , 8 s o
Retrouvez Yves Cotten sur et-compagnie.blogspot.fr
Le dessin d'Yves Cotten
Pour exprimer des espoirs, on a le choix entre I hope so
(un souhait positif) ou I hope not (un souhait négatif) si
la phrase précédente est positive:
I think the Camden team will win I hope so ou I hope not.
Si la phrase précédente est négative, on peut dire I hope
not mais pas I hope so.
I hope so deviendra plutơt I hope they do :
I don’t think the Camden team will win I hope not ou I
hope they do.