Instructor manual discovering the humanities 3rd by sayre

1.19 The Ark of the Covenant and sanctuary implements, mosaic floor decorations from MyArtsLab Multimedia Library • The Palette of Narmer • Akhenaten and His Family Continuing Presence

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The Prehistoric Past and the Earliest Civilizations:

The River Cultures of the Ancient World

Learning Objectives

1.1 Discuss the rise of culture and how developments in art and architecture reflect the growing

sophistication of prehistoric cultures

1.2 Describe the role of myth in prehistoric culture

1.3 Distinguish among the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, and focus on how they differ

from that of the Hebrews

1.4 Account for the stability of Egyptian culture

Chapter at a Glance

The Beginnings of Culture

Agency and Ritual: Cave Art

Paleolithic Culture and Its Artifacts

The Rise of Agriculture

Neolithic Çatalhöyük

Neolithic Pottery Across Cultures

Neolithic Ceramic Figures

The Neolithic Megaliths of Northern Europe

Myth in Prehistoric Cultural Life

Myth in the Native American Cultures of the Southwest

Japan and the Role of Myth in the Shinto Religion

Mesopotamia: Power and Social Order in the Early Middle East

The Persian Empire

The Stability of Ancient Egypt: Flood and Sun

The Nile and Its Culture

Pictorial Formulas in Egyptian Art

The Old Kingdom

The New Kingdom and Its Moment of Change

1

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Continuity & Change: Egyptian and Greek Sculpture

Transition Guide

Fig 1.4 Reconstruction of a mammoth-bone

House, Mezhirich Fig 1.4 Woman seated between two felines, Çatalhöyük, TurkeyFig 1.11 Kachina doll (Maalo), Hopi Culture Fig 1.5 Reconstruction of a “shrine,” Çatalhöyük,

TurkeyFig 1.19 The Ark of the Covenant and sanctuary

implements, mosaic floor decorations from

MyArtsLab Multimedia Library

• The Palette of Narmer

• Akhenaten and His Family

Continuing Presence of the Past:

• Marjane Satrapi, page from the “Kim Wilde” chapter of Persepolis, 2001

• Andy Goldsworthy, Sandwork, Sand Sculpture, Time Machine, installation at the British

Museum, 1994

Architectural Simulations:

• The Pyramids

• Post and Lintel Construction

Study and Review

Revel Multimedia

Çatalhöyük

Closer Look: Head from Nok

The Ancient City of Ur

Closer Look: Marjane Satrapi, page from "Kim Wilde," Persepolis

Closer Look: Andy Goldsworthy, Sandwork, Sand Sculpture, Time Machine

Closer Look: The Palette of Narmer

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Closer Look: Akhenaten and His Family

Teaching with Pearson Multimedia

Homework assignment for Closer Look: Akhenaten and His Family

• Consider techniques used in ancient objects of art and ritual What technique is used, for

example, in Akhenaten and His Family? What does this technique (used to carve the

limestone) reveal about the intent of the Akhenaten’s message to the viewer?

In-Class assignment for Closer Look: Marjane Satrapi, page from "Kim Wilde," Persepolis

• Speculate on the intended message within the variety of sculptural figures within the Palace

of Darius and Xerxes This palace, with its artistic variety, serves as the setting for Satrapi’s Persepolis What cultural nuances serve as an inspirational backdrop on which Satrapi creates Persepolis? Consider other examples in which culture has influenced a greater work’s setting or message

ziggurat

Class Discussion Topics and Questions

Discussion Topic: Discuss the creative endeavors of the prehistoric culture with a focus on the artistic contributions of primitive/ancient humans

Question: Consider the advancements of primitive/ancient humans What works of art and/or architecture serve as the best example of an emerging civilization? How might the creation and use

of these items signify a turning point in humanity’s social development?

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Question: Consider the female votive figures (such as Woman (Venus of Willendorf) and Woman

Seated Between Two Felines) What concepts might be important to the primitive/ancient human based on these examples?

Discussion Topic: A myth is a story that a culture assumes is true Ancient myths were often used to explain natural phenomena (cosmology), such as creation, fertility, and the afterlife Consider the importance of these myths within the context of the primitive/ancient human

Question: What is the shaman’s role in preserving myth, and why is it significant?

Thinking Back

1.1 Discuss the rise of culture and how developments in art and architecture reflect the growing

sophistication of prehistoric cultures.

1.2 Describe the role of myth in prehistoric culture.

1.3 Distinguish among the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, and focus on how they differ from

that of the Hebrews.

1.4 Account for the stability of Egyptian culture.

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2.2 Define the polis and explain how it came to reflect the values of Greek culture.

2.3 Describe how Pericles defined and shaped Golden Age Athens

2.4 Characterize the values of the Hellenistic world in terms of politics, philosophy, and art

Bronze Age Culture in the Aegean

The Cyclades

Minoan Culture in Crete

Mycenaean Culture on the Mainland

The Homeric Epics

The Rise of the Greek Polis

The Greek Gods

The Greek Architectural Tradition

Greek Sculpture and the Taste for Naturalism

Athenian Pottery

The Poetry of Sappho

The Rise of Democracy and the Threat of Persia

The Golden Age

The Architectural Program at the Acropolis

The Sculptural Program at the Parthenon

Philosophy and the Polis

The Theater of the People

The Hellenistic World

The Empire of Alexander the Great

Toward Hellenistic Art: Sculpture in the Late Classical Period

Aristotle: Observing the Natural World

Alexandria

Pergamon: Hellenistic Capital

Continuity & Change: Rome and Its Hellenistic Heritage

2

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Map 2.2 Athens as it appeared in the late 5th

century Fig 2.23 Polygnotos, Two Women, One Playing a Lyre, 5th century BCE

Fig 2.28 Model of the Athena Parthenos by

Phidias

Fig 2.33 The Amasis Painter (?), Satyrs Making

Wine, detail of Athenian black-figure amphora

Fig 2.41 Reconstructed west staircase frieze of the Altar of Zeus, from Pergamon

Fig 2.43 Epigonus (?) Gaul, Roman copy of an

• Thomas Struth, Pergamon Museum I, Berlin, 2001

• Greek Orders

Closer Look: The Snake Goddess or Priestess from Crete

Closer Look: Vapheio Cups

Closer Look: Death of Sarpedon

Closer Look: Technique: Black-Figure and Red-Figure Vase Painting

The Acropolis

The Sculptural Program at the Parthenon

Theater of Dionysus

Altar of Zeus

Closer Look: Thomas Struth, Pergamon Museum 1

Students on Site: Dying Gaul

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Homework Assignment for Revel, Closer Look: The Snake Goddess or Priestess from Crete, or

MyArtsLab, Snake Goddess

• What is the controversy surrounding the Snake Goddess? Address the scholarly concerns by

examining the figure critically Approach this figure as though you are an

archeologist/historian attempting to verify its authenticity Create a list of pros and cons wherein you discuss how the “additions” to this work may help or hinder the understanding

or analysis of such an important figure

In-Class Assignment for Closer Look: Thomas Struth, Pergamon Museum 1

• Does Struth’s technique of staging his photos create a more animated scene? How does the individual viewer within the photo become “art” as a result of this process? What other commentary might Struth reveal by the placement and manipulation of viewers within a museum setting?

Key Terms

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Orderspantheon

parados

parapetpedimentperistyleplatformpre-Socraticspronaosprosceniumprotagonistpsychered-figurerepoussésatyr playscientific methodskene

Sophistsstylobatesyllogismsymposiumtetralogiestetralogytragedytriglyphs

Discussion Topic:Discuss the period known as The Golden Age Consider the unique qualities and contributions of this period, with a focus on Pericles, the polis, and the emergence of democracy.Question:While exploring the period known as The Golden Age, focus on what characteristics are particular to this period historically, politically, and artistically What new conventions of

government and society emerged, and how might these ideas translate into the modern era?Question:With a focus on the stability of the polis and the success of democracy, how did the creative arts of architecture, philosophy, and drama manifest these new social conditions?

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Thinking Back

2.1 Outline how the Cycladic, Minoan, and Mycenaean cultures contributed to the later Greeks’ sense of

themselves.

2.2 Define the polis and explain how it came to reflect the values of Greek culture.

2.3 Describe how Pericles defined and shaped Golden Age Athens.

2.4 Characterize the values of the Hellenistic world in terms of politics, philosophy, and art.

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Empire: Urban Life and Imperial Majesty in Rome,

China, and India

3.1 Characterize imperial Rome, its dual sense of origin, and its debt to the Roman Republic.3.2 Describe the impact of the competing schools of thought that flourished in early Chinese

culture—Daoism, Confucianism, and Legalism

3.3 Discuss the ways in which both Hinduism and Buddhism shaped Indian culture

Rome

Republican Rome

Imperial Rome

Literary Rome: Virgil, Horace, and Ovid

Augustus and the City of Marble

Hinduism and the Vedic Tradition

Buddhism: “The Path of Truth”

Continuity & Change: Christian Rome

Fig 3.6 Augustus of Primaporta ca 20 BCE

(shown with spear) Fig 3.6 Augustus of Primaporta ca 20 BCE (shown without spear)Fig 3.35 Lion capital, Ashokan pillar at Sarnath,

Uttar Pradesh, India Fig 3.24 The Canal (reflecting pool) at Hadrian’sVila, Tivoli

3

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• Great Stupa at Sanchi

• Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine (Basilica Nova)

• Cai Guo-Qiang, Project to Extend the Great Wall of China by 10,000 Meters: Project for

Extraterrestrials No 10, 1993

• Round Arch

• Barrel and Groin Vaults

Closer Look: Augustus of Primaporta

Students on Site: Augustus of Primaporta

Architectural Simulation: Round Arch

Architectural Simulation: Barrel and Groin Vaults

Closer Look: The Roman Forum

Students on Site: Arch of Titus

The Pantheon (Visual Media-Multimedia Gallery)

Closer Look: Guo-Qiang, Project to Extend the Great Wall

Closer Look: The Tomb of Qin Shihuangdi

Architectural Panorama: Colosseum (Rome, Italy; 72–80)

Architectural Panorama: The Great Stupa

Homework assignment for Closer Look: Augustus of Primaporta

• The Augustus of Primaporta reveals details about the Roman military attitude Identify other

meanings and messages displayed within this work What do these reveal about Roman culture and leadership?

In-class assignment for Architectural Simulation: Round Arch

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• Form groups and work together to identify other specific works of architecture (civic, private, commercial, etc.) where round arches are used Examine the application of the arch

to determine its function: decorative or structural Consider other uses or applications for the round arch

occulus

patriciansperistyle courtyardpiers

plebeiansrhetorician round archspandrelsspondeeverism voussoirs

Discussion Topic: The greater Roman Empire is considered by scholars to be a successful model on which to build culture With consideration to the Roman military—indeed, social leadership and politics at large—explore the transition and resulting cultural impact of the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire

Question: What was the direct influence of the Roman emperors on the artistic endeavors of Roman style?

Question: What events or individuals served as the inspiration of such examples? What examples of American political leadership are commemorated within the United States currently? How are they similar or different from the Roman examples?

Thinking Back

3.1 Characterize imperial Rome, its dual sense of origin, and its debt to the Roman Republic

3.2 Describe the impact of the competing schools of thought that flourished in early Chinese culture—

Daoism, Confucianism, and Legalism.

3.3 Discuss the ways in which both Hinduism and Buddhism shaped Indian culture.

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The Flowering of Religion: Faith and the Power of

Belief in the Early First Millennium

4.1 Examine the impact of Roman rule on Judaic culture

4.2 Discuss the development of Christianity from its Jewish roots to its rapid spread through the

Roman world

4.3 Describe the new Byzantine style of art and discuss how it reflects the values of the

Byzantine emperors, especially Justinian

4.4 Outline the principal tenets of the Muslim faith, and account for its rapid spread

4.5 Characterize the spread of Buddhism from India north into China

Developments in Judaic Culture

The Rise of Christianity

The Hijra and Muslim Practice

The Spread of Islam

The Spread of Buddhism

Continuity & Change: Byzantine Influences

4

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Fig 4.6 Reconstruction drawing of the Old St

Peter’s, Rome ca 320–327

Fig 4.6 Domenico Tasselli, The Nave and Aisles

of the Ancient Basilica of Constantine in Rome Looking Toward the Entrance Wall and plan ca

319–326

Fig 4.18 Left page of double frontispiece to

volume VII of the Qur’an of Baybars Jashnagir,

from Egypt

Fig 4.8 Interior of Saint Paul’s Outside the Walls,

Rome 386 CE

Closer Look: Ahmed Karahisari, Calligraphic

Qur’an frontispiece, Istanbul ca 1550 Closer Look: Page from a Qur’an Manuscript, probably Tunisia, late 9th–early 10th century.Fig 4.24 Portal of Saint Michel d’Aiguilhe, Le-

Puy-en-Venay, France ca 1162–80

Fig 4.24 Saint Mark’s Cathedral, Venice, west façade 1063–94

Fig 4.25 Griffin, from the Islamic

Mediterranean, probably Fatimid Egypt 11th

• The Bismillah and the Art of Caligraphy

• Tile Mosaic Mihrab

• Large Seated Buddha with Standing Bodhisattva

Architectural Panoramas:

• Santa Costanza

• Wijdan (Jordanian, born Iraq, 1939), Karbala Series: Hussein, 1993

Architectural Simulation: Pendentives

Closer Look: Wijdan Ali, Karbala Series: Hussein

Closer Look: Large Seated Buddha at Yungang

Architectural Panorama: Santa Costanza, Rome, Italy, c 350 CE

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Homework assignment for Architectural Simulation: Pendentives.

• Consider the use of the pendentive in central-plan design Besides structural, what other functions might this component serve? Create a suitable design or decoration for a

contemporary pendentive In what way does this design rely on the shape, function, and location of this pendentive?

In-class assignment for Architectural Panorama: Santa Costanza, Rome, Italy, c 350 CE

• Identify the various architectural details from earlier Greco-Roman designs Discuss the differences and similarities to other buildings of worship, with a focus on design, floor plan, details, size decoration, narrative mosaic, and so on

mihrab minbar

mosquemudramystery cults narthexnave

qibla

reverse perspectivesyncretism

tetrarchytransept typetypologyVulgate

Discussion Topic: Consider the era of the late Roman to Byzantine Empire; the dynamic changes andemergence of significant global religious movements within the era set a direction for cultural history in the West With Judaism under the persecution of Roman rule, Christianity emerging as the Roman state religion, and the rise and spread of Islam, these movements all guided the

architectural traditions of what came to be known culturally as Byzantine style Controversy

surrounds the visual arts with prohibitions and innovations within each tradition

Question: Considering the limitations related to the visual representation of human form, how did the early Christian artist render or create acceptable religious icons? What would be the result of these actions?

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Question: What is the creative alternative to human form within Islam? How does architectural styleand design demonstrate similar thoughts or philosophies of monotheistic tradition?

Thinking Back

4.1 Examine the impact of Roman rule on Judaic culture.

4.2 Discuss the development of Christianity from its Jewish roots to its rapid spread through the

Roman world.

4.3 Describe the new Byzantine style of art and discuss how it reflects the values of the Byzantine

emperors, especially Justinian

4.4 Outline the principal tenets of the Muslim faith, and account for its rapid spread.

4.5 Characterize the spread of Buddhism from India north into China.

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Fiefdom and Monastery, Pilgrimage and Crusade:

The Early Medieval World in Europe

5.1 Describe what Anglo-Saxon art and literature tell us about Anglo-Saxon culture

5.2 Discuss Charlemagne’s impact on medieval culture and the legacy of his rule

5.3 Define the Romanesque and its relation to pilgrimage churches and the Cluniac abbey.5.4 Examine the motivations for the Crusades and appraise their outcome

5.5 Explain the courtly love tradition as it manifests itself in the literature of the period

Anglo-Saxon Artistic Style and Culture

Beowulf, the Oldest English Epic Poem

The Merging of Pagan and Christian Styles

Carolingian Culture

The Song of Roland: Feudal and Chivalric Values

Promoting Literacy

The Medieval Monastery

Capetian France and the Norman Conquest

Pilgrimage Churches and the Romanesque

Cluny and the Monastic Tradition

The Crusades

Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Art of Courtly Love

Continuity & Change: Toward a New Urban Style: The Gothic

No Image Changes

5

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Closer Looks:

• Sutton Hoo Clasp

• Saint Gall

• Bayeux Tapestry (Bayeux Embroidery)

• Krak des Chevaliers

• Joseph Beuys, Untitled 1, 1962–81

• Romanesque Portal

Closer Look: Carpet Page from the Lindisfarne Gospels

Closer Look: Saint Gall Plan

Traditional Kyrie eleison Cunctipotens genitor Deus

Closer Look: The Bayeux Tapestry

Closer Look: Joseph Beuys, Untitled 1

Architectural Panorama: Church of Saint Madeleine, Vezeley, France, c 1120–32

Closer Look: Krak des Chevaliers and the Medieval Castle

Homework assignment for Closer Look: Saint Gall Plan

• What was the intended purpose of the Plan of St Gall? How might this plan be an important reference for the nature of the monastic community? Create a community plan whereby the important community features are included and reflect the priorities of contemporary planning

In-class assignment for Closer Look: Krak des Chevaliers and the Medieval Castle

• Consider the defensive design of the castle What essential survival elements are missing from the Krak des Chevaliers? What lines of defense made the later castles impermeable? Gather in groups (or individually) and brainstorm the most important elements in defensivearchitecture Justify your choice of “most important” or “essential.”

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Discussion Topic: Consider the emergence of feudalism, the feudal society and customs, as well as great influential leaders of western medieval culture With the decline of the Roman Empire in the West and the rise in the political power of Church, much of medieval society was shaped by the Church as the preeminent influence

Question: With a focus on the influence of “Charles the Great,” Charlemagne, consider the political and religious climate of the era What are the changes Charlemagne implemented? What are some

of the cultural influences, such as chivalry, demonstrated in the great literary works of this era, such

as Song of Roland?

Question: With the emergence of communal asceticism, monastic orders contributed greatly to how medieval culture is interpreted and understood What creative endeavors or social movements wereresults of these monastic orders? Looking further at the influence of the Church as a centerpiece of life within medieval culture, discuss the motivations and results of the pilgrims and the pilgrimage movement

Thinking Back

5.1 Describe what Anglo-Saxon art and literature tell us about Anglo-Saxon culture

5.2 Discuss Charlemagne’s impact on medieval culture and the legacy of his rule.

5.3 Define the Romanesque and its relation to pilgrimage churches and the Cluniac abbey.

5.4 Examine the motivations for the Crusades and appraise their outcome.

5.5 Explain the courtly love tradition as it manifests itself in the literature of the period.

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The Gothic and the Rebirth of Naturalism: Civic

and Religious Life in an Age of Inquiry

6.1 Outline the ideas, technological innovations, and stylistic developments that distinguish the

Gothic style in France

6.2 Explain why the University of Paris was preeminent among medieval institutions of higher

learning

6.3 Define the Radiant style

6.4 Compare and contrast art and civic life in Siena and Florence

6.5 Examine the spread of a vernacular literary style in European culture

Music in the Gothic Cathedral: Growing Complexity

The Rise of the University

Thomas Aquinas and Scholasticism

The Radiant Style and the Court of Louis IX

The Gothic Style in the French Ducal Courts

The Miniature Tradition

Civic and Religious Life in Siena and Florence

Siena and Florence: Commune and Republic

Painting: A Growing Naturalism

The Spread of Vernacular Literature in Europe

Dante’s Divine Comedy

The Black Death and Its Aftermath

Continuity & Change: The Dance of Death

6

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Fig 6.10 West façade, Wells Cathedral, Wells,

England 1230–50

Fig 6.16 Limbourg Brothers, January: The Feast

of the Duke of Berry, from Les Très Riches Heures

du Duc du Berry ca 1415.

Fig 6.17 Limbourg Brothers, The Temptation of

Christ, from Les Très Riches Heures du Duc du

Berry ca 1415.

Fig 6.17 Limbourg Brothers, February: Winter

Scene, from Les Très Riches Heures du Duc du Berry ca 1415.

Fig 6.18 Giovanni Pisano, lower façade, Siena

Cathedral 1284–99 Fig 6.25 Wife of Bath, from Geoffery Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales ca 1400–05.

Fig 6.19 Giovanni Pisano, Mary, Sister of Moses

1284–99

Fig 6.26 Anonymous, La Cité des Dames de

Christine de Pizan ca 1410.

Fig 6.20 Santa Croce, Florence Begun 1294 Fig 6.27 Dance of Death ca 1400.

Fig 6.21 Santa Maria Novella, Florence

Founded before 1246, nave begun after 1279

Fig 6.22 Interior of the Upper Church, Basilica

of San Francesco, Assisi, Umbria, Italy 1228

Fig 6.23 Saint Francis Master, Saint Francis

Creates the First Christmas Creche, fresco in

Upper Church of San Francesco, Assisi, Umbria,

Italy ca 1295–1305

Closer Looks:

• Rose Window and Lancets from the North Transept of Chartres Cathedral

• Reims Cathedral, Annunciation and Visitation

• Limbourg Brothers, February, from Les Très Riches Heures

• The Effects of Good Government

• Scrovegni Chapel

Architectural Panoramas:

• Chartres Cathedral

• Sainte-Chapelle

• Newton Harrison and Helen Mayer Harrison, Vision for the Green Heart of Holland,

installation view, Catheren Chapel, Gouda, Holland, 1995

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Closer Look: The Stained Glass at Chartres

Closer Look: Harrison/Harrison, A Vision for the Green Heart of Holland

Closer Look: Duccio di Buoninsegna, Maestà

Closer Look: Giotto di Bondone, Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel

Architectural Panorama: Abbey Church of Saint-Denis Plan of Choir and Ambulatory, Saint-Denis, France, 1140–44

Architectural Panorama: Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France, Begun 1194

Architectural Panorama: Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, France, ca 1155–ca 1250

Architectural Panorama: Cathedral of Notre Dame, Reims, France, Begun in 1211

Architectural Panorama: The Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, France, 1239–48

Homework assignment for Architectural Panorama: Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France, Begun

1194

• After exploring Chartres Cathedral, select an intriguing sculptural or architectural element from both the interior and exterior of the cathedral What is unique about these particular elements? What does the artistic expression reveal about the message of this Gothic Cathedral?

In-class assignment for Architectural Panorama: The Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, France, 1239–48

• After viewing the Architectural Panorama: The Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, France, 1239–48, gather in small groups and consider the structural design of this Gothic arch, its elements, and purpose Select a local example (or iconic, well-known example) of architecture that is unique in design Discuss the purpose and function of this example and creatively

brainstorm new architectural additions

Key Terms

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Radiant stylerose windowScholasticismsinopia

summa

tempera

trivium

vernacular

Discussion Topic: The symbolism of Christian iconography reached new heights both figuratively and literally with the use of the cathedral stained glass and sculptural program used for didactic purposes This new style, originally begun with the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis, under the

guidance of Abbot Suger, set a new direction of architectural design and engineering, as well as a naturalized style of representation in human sculptural form

Question: With consideration for Suger’s philosophical support of the design of Gothic styling, what was the role of light? What was the expected result of the encounter with the beauty of such church design?

Question: What architectural elements are unique to the Gothic style? What is Radiant style, and how is it different from or similar to earlier iterations of Gothic? How is sculpture incorporated into the architecture? How is the approach of such sculpture a departure from earlier styles?

6.3 Define the Radiant style.

6.4 Compare and contrast art and civic life in Siena and Florence.

6.5 Examine the spread of a vernacular literary style in European culture.

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and Rome.

7.5 Outline the place of women in Renaissance Italy

The State as a Work of Art: Florence and the Medici

The Gates of Paradise

Florence Cathedral

Scientific Perspective and Naturalistic Representation

The Medici Family and Humanism

Lorenzo the Magnificent: “ I find a relaxation in learning.”

Beyond Florence: The Ducal Courts and the Arts

The Montefeltro Court in Urbino

Papal Patronage and the High Renaissance in Rome

Bramante and the New Saint Peter’s Basilica

Michelangelo and the Sistine Chapel

Raphael and the Stanza della Segnatura

The Medici Popes

Josquin des Prez and the Sistine Chapel Choir

Niccolò Machiavelli and the Perfect Prince

The High Renaissance in Venice

Venetian Architecture

Masters of the Venetian High Renaissance: Giorgione and Titian

Women in Italian Humanist Society

The Education of Women

Women and Family Life

Laura Cereta and Lucretia Marinella: Renaissance Feminists

Veronica Franco: Literary Courtesan

7

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Music of the Venetian High Renaissance

Continuity & Change: Palladio and His Influence

Fig 7.28 Raphael, Small Cowper Madonna ca

1505

Fig 7.33 Giovanni and Bartolomeo Bon, Ca’ d’Oro (“House of Gold”), Contarini Palace, Venice(with floorplan)

Fig 7.37 Titian, La Bella (Woman in a Blue

• Julie Green, The Last Supper, 2001

Closer Look: The Competition Reliefs: Abraham’s Sacrifice of Isaac

Closer Look: Filippo Brunelleschi, Dome of Florence Cathedral

Students on Site: Palazzo Rucellai

Closer Look: Julie Green, The Last Supper

Closer Look: School of Athens

Architectural Panorama: Florence Cathedral Florence, Italy, Begun 1296

Architectural Panorama: Tempietto, San Pietro in Montorio, Rome, Italy, 1502–11

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Architectural Panorama: Sistine Chapel, Vatican City, Rome, Italy Michelangelo’s Ceiling Frescoes: 1508–1512

Homework and In-class assignment: For Revel, Architectural Panorama: Sistine Chapel, Vatican City,

Rome, Italy Michelangelo’s Ceiling Frescoes: 1508–1512; for MyArtsLab, use Architectural Simulation: Sistine Chapel

• For both in-class and homework, after reviewing the visual impact of the Sistine Chapel ceiling, consider the female figures What impression of gender roles does Michelangelo’s rendering of the female form provide the viewer? How might the viewer, in the context of Michelangelo’s time, interpret his or her own understanding of Renaissance gender roles?

sprezzatura

composedtoccatavanishing pointvantage pointword-painting

through-Class Discussion Topics and Questions

Discussion Topic: With a focus specifically on the Italian Renaissance, consider the new and

innovative artistic conventions, how these techniques are applied, and the Church’s motivation in patronizing such works Humanism, the philosophical underpinning of Renaissance creativity, provided a new view of traditional religious imagery and the human condition it portrays This humanism, supported by the Medicis, the papacy, and the artists of the day, prompted a resurgence

of the Classical approach to creative works and philosophical interpretation

Question: In what ways did the well-known artists of the Italian Renaissance apply science and academic knowledge to painting, architecture, and sculpture? What specific techniques were used and what was the result?

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Question: The Italian word Renaissance translates into English as “rebirth”; what might this mean in

light of artistic conventions of the era? What might this mean for religious works sponsored by the

Church? What significant examples best relate to the meaning of Renaissance?

Thinking Back

7.1 Discuss the influence of the Medici family on Florentine art and the development of humanist

thought.

7.2 Describe how other Italian courts followed the lead of the humanist court in Florence.

7.3 Examine the impact of papal patronage on the art of the High Renaissance in Rome.

7.4 Compare the social fabric and artistic style of Renaissance Venice to that of both Florence and

Rome.

7.5 Outline the place of women in Renaissance Italy.

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