Make inferences What did Magellan propose to the king of Spain.. Visualize Location Visualize the route to India that Magellan plans to take?. Reading Strategy Magellan’s Remarkable Vo
Trang 1Social Studies/ Geography
Reading 1
trading ships ships that carry goods from one place to another to be exchanged for
money or other goods
rounded gone around
proposal something that is suggested as a possible plan
sponsor help pay for something
1 Recall details
What did the king
of Portugal tell Magellan?
2 Recall details
Who paid for Magellan’s
voyage?
3 Make inferences
What did Magellan propose to the king
of Spain?
Visualize Location
Visualize the route to India that Magellan plans to take Use your finger to show (in the air or on your desk) the route What words help you to
visualize the route?
Reading Strategy
Magellan’s Remarkable Voyage
1 In 1498 Vasco da Gama had sailed around Africa to reach
India Thereafter Portuguese trading ships made the voyage
regularly to India and the Spice Islands beyond A captain on
one of these ships was Ferdinand Magellan
2 Balboa’s report of another ocean excited Magellan Perhaps
Columbus was right Perhaps one could reach the Indies by
sailing west If so, the journey might be shorter than sailing
east around Africa First, though, it would be necessary to find
a water passage through or around the Americas Magellan
thought he would find it by sailing south After all, that was the
way the Portuguese had rounded Africa.
3 The king of Portugal had doubts about Magellan, however,
and told Magellan that he was free to offer his services
elsewhere Magellan next went to Spain Impressed by
Magellan’s proposal, the king of Spain agreed to sponsor him.
Ferdinand Magellan’s voyage changed people’s understanding
of the world.
Trang 24 In September 1519 Magellan set out from Spain with five ships and about 240 men The ships crossed the rough Atlantic and then turned south along the coast of South America As they continued south, the weather grew
stormier and more bitter So did tempers Magellan executed one mutinous captain
5 The expedition spent the winter on the coast near the tip
of South America, repairing their boats In the spring they set out again Despite terrible storms and winds, Magellan
found what he was looking for—a strait between the two
oceans He knew it was a strait, not a river, because the water remained salty This is the waterway now called the Strait of Magellan
6 Before heading into the strait, Magellan sent men out to
gather food for the long voyage ahead When he thought they had prepared enough dried fish and smoked game, the ships lifted anchor and headed into the strait Four days later they emerged into Balboa’s South Sea The
ocean seemed so calm that Magellan renamed it the Pacific, meaning “peaceful.”
bitter giving pain, hurtful tempers emotions mutinous going against authority expedition group of people who go on a journey for a special purpose strait a narrow passage of water that joins two larger bodies of water smoked game wild animals or birds cooked over an open fire lifted anchor raised the ship’s anchor, the heavy metal tool that keeps the ship from
moving when lowered
Visualize Location
Think about the
directions the ships
sailed in—north,
south, east, and west
Where are Magellan
and his crew now?
Show the location on
your map
Reading
Strategy
Life at sea was not easy for
Magellan and his crew The stormy
weather was their first challenge.
Trang 37 For the next four and a half months, Magellan and his
crew sailed across the Pacific The ocean was far wider than
Magellan had ever imagined The voyage seemed endless
The fresh food lasted only a month Hunger, thirst, and
disease tortured the sailors.
8 One member of the crew, Antonio Pigafetta, had the job of
writing an account of the expedition for the king Of those
terrible days on the Pacific, Pigafetta wrote:
9 We ate biscuit, which was no longer biscuit, but
powder of biscuits swarming with worms
We drank yellow water that had been putrid for
many days We also ate some oxhides ; often
we ate sawdust from boards Rats were sold for
[gold], and even then we could not get them
tortured caused great pain
account description of events that happened
expedition journey made by a group for a purpose
swarming covered with a large number of moving animals or people
putrid rotten, badly spoiled
oxhides tough skin of an ox
1 Recall details Why
did Magellan call Balboa’s South Sea the “Pacific”?
2 Make inferences
How did Magellan know the waterway
he found was a strait and not a river? What can you infer about the water in an ocean?
3 Interpret a primary source
According to Pigafetta, what did the sailors eat and drink during their days on the Pacific Ocean?
Visualize Location Where are Magellan’s ships now? Add the
location to your map
In what direction are the ships moving?
Reading Strategy
Antonio Pigafetta was one of
only 18 survivors who sailed
with Magellan in 1591.
Antonio Pigafetta drew this map
of the Strait of Magellan.
Trang 4Visualize Location
Where is Magellan
when he is killed?
Show the location on
your map
Reading
Strategy
10 Nearly dead, the sailors at last reached the islands they named the Philippines There, fresh food and fresh water
helped them begin to regain their health.
11 In the Philippines, Magellan was pleased to convert a chief to the Catholic faith In his zeal to befriend the chief,
Magellan became involved in a local war He decided to take
on the friendly chief’s enemy Magellan wanted to show
how powerful the Spanish were and thereby demonstrate
the power of their God It was a costly mistake In a beach
assault, Magellan’s forces were met by a hail of bamboo
spears, and he was killed
12 Despite the death of their leader, the expedition continued The crew headed south to the Spice Islands, where they
picked up cargo of cloves and other spices.
regain get back convert change someone’s beliefs, especially religious beliefs zeal strong desire
befriend become friends with assault attack
hail objects falling forcefully like frozen rain cargo goods carried on a ship, an airplane, or a train
One of Magellan’s ships, the
Victoria, sailed around the
world It finished 16 months
after Magellan’s death.
Trang 513 Only one ship completed the journey This was the Victoria,
whose captain was Juan Sebastián del Cano Del Cano sailed
across the Indian Ocean, around southern Africa, and then
northward in the Atlantic Three years after leaving Spain, the
Victoria and its crew of eighteen Europeans and four Indians
arrived home These sailors were the first to circumnavigate—
sail around—the earth The spices on board more than paid for
the cost of the expedition In honor of the feat, the king of Spain
allowed del Cano to add to his coat of arms a globe with the
words, in Latin, “You were the first to encircle me.”
14 The knowledge gained by the expedition was priceless
Here was the first real proof that the world was round
Furthermore, Europeans now knew that the Americas
were not part of Asia The mapmakers went back to their
drawing boards
A Remarkable Voyage Around the World
1 Recall details
What helped the sailors regain their health?
2 Explain Why was
Magellan killed?
3 Sequence What
happened after Magellan was killed?
Visualize Location Where does the
Victoria end its
journey? Show the
location on your map
Reading Strategy
feat act showing strength, courage, or unusual ability
coat of arms symbol that represents a family or group
encircle make a circle around
Australia
Antarctica
India
PACIFIC OCEAN
INDIAN OCEAN
Spain
ATLANTIC OCEAN
Europe
Africa
South America
North
America
Asia
N
S
E W
Philippine Islands
Magellan died here April 27, 1521
Spice Islands
Strait of
Magellan
Build Your Knowledge
The phrase go back to the drawing board is an idiom
that means to go back to the beginning and start a task
or project again because there was a problem with
it the first time A drawing board is a flat board that artists and designers use for drawing, often to sketch new ideas for their work
In paragraph 14, go back
to the drawing board
is used in two ways Use your knowledge of this idiom to determine the two meanings used here
This early world map of Magellan’s journey looks very much like modern maps.