7KE85 v07 50 manual c018 5 en

The fault recorder has the following properties: • Embedding in the SIPROTEC 5 family with: - A consistent hardware concept - Numerous expansion modules - DIGSI 5 as configuration tool -

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i NOTEFor your own safety, observe the warnings and safety instructions contained in this document, if available.

Disclaimer of Liability

This document has been subjected to rigorous technical

review before being published It is revised at regular

inter-vals, and any modifications and amendments are included

in the subsequent issues The content of this document has

been compiled for information purposes only Although

Siemens AG has made best efforts to keep the document as

precise and up-to-date as possible, Siemens AG shall not

assume any liability for defects and damage which result

through use of the information contained herein

This content does not form part of a contract or of business

relations; nor does it change these All obligations of

Siemens AG are stated in the relevant contractual

The disclosure, duplication, distribution and editing of thisdocument, or utilization and communication of the contentare not permitted, unless authorized in writing All rights,including rights created by patent grant or registration of autility model or a design, are reserved

Registered Trademarks

SIPROTEC®, DIGSI®, SIGUARD®, SIMEAS®, and SICAM® areregistered trademarks of Siemens AG Any unauthorizeduse is illegal All other designations in this document can

be trademarks whose use by third parties for their ownpurposes can infringe the rights of the owner

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Purpose of the Manual

This manual describes the functions of the fault recorder 7KE85

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• Communication protocol manual

The Communication protocol manual contains a description of the protocols for communication withinthe SIPROTEC 5 device family and to higher-level network control centers

• Product information

The Product information includes general information about device installation, technical data, limitingvalues for input and output modules, and conditions when preparing for operation This document isprovided with each SIPROTEC 5 device

• Engineering Guide

The Engineering Guide describes the essential steps when engineering with DIGSI 5 In addition, the neering Guide shows you how to load a planned configuration to a SIPROTEC 5 device and update thefunctionality of the SIPROTEC 5 device

Engi-• DIGSI 5 online help

The DIGSI 5 online help contains a help package for DIGSI 5 and CFC

The help package for DIGSI 5 includes a description of the basic operation of software, the DIGSI ples and editors The help package for CFC includes an introduction to CFC programming, basic examples

princi-of working with CFC, and a reference chapter with all the CFC blocks available for the SIPROTEC 5 range

• SIPROTEC 5/DIGSI 5 Tutorial

The tutorial on the DVD contains brief information about important product features, more detailed mation about the individual technical areas, as well as operating sequences with tasks based on practicaloperation and a brief explanation

infor-• SIPROTEC 5 catalog

The SIPROTEC 5 catalog describes the system features and the devices of SIPROTEC 5

• Selection guide for SIPROTEC and Reyrolle

The selection guide offers an overview of the device series of the Siemens protection devices, and adevice selection table

Indication of Conformity

This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European Communities

on harmonization of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagneticcompatibility (EMC Directive 2014/30/EU) and concerning electrical equipment for usewithin specified voltage limits (Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU)

This conformity has been proved by tests performed according to the Council Directive

in accordance with the product standard EN 60255-26 (for EMC directive) and with theproduct standard EN 60255-27 (for Low Voltage Directive) by Siemens AG

The device is designed and manufactured for application in an industrial environment.The product conforms with the international standards of IEC 60255 and the Germanstandard VDE 0435

Other Standards

IEEE Std C 37.90

The technical data of the product is approved in accordance with UL

For more information about the UL database, see certified.ul.com

Select Online Certifications Directory and enter E194016 as UL File Number.

IND CONT EQ

69CA[ul_listed_c_us, 1, _ ]

Preface

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This document is not a complete index of all safety measures required for operation of the equipment (module

or device) However, it comprises important information that must be followed for personal safety, as well as

to avoid material damage Information is highlighted and illustrated as follows according to the degree ofdanger:

! DANGER

DANGER means that death or severe injury will result if the measures specified are not taken.

² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid death or severe injuries

! WARNING

WARNING means that death or severe injury may result if the measures specified are not taken.

² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid death or severe injuries

! CAUTION

CAUTION means that medium-severe or slight injuries can occur if the specified measures are not taken.

² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid moderate or minor injuries

Preface

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NOTICE means that property damage can result if the measures specified are not taken.

² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid property damage

i NOTEImportant information about the product, product handling or a certain section of the documentation

which must be given particular attention

Qualified Electrical Engineering Personnel

Only qualified electrical engineering personnel may commission and operate the equipment (module, device)described in this document Qualified electrical engineering personnel in the sense of this manual are peoplewho can demonstrate technical qualifications as electrical technicians These persons may commission,isolate, ground and label devices, systems and circuits according to the standards of safety engineering

Proper Use

The equipment (device, module) may be used only for such applications as set out in the catalogs and thetechnical description, and only in combination with third-party equipment recommended and approved bySiemens

Problem-free and safe operation of the product depends on the following:

• Proper transport

• Proper storage, setup and installation

• Proper operation and maintenance

When electrical equipment is operated, hazardous voltages are inevitably present in certain parts If properaction is not taken, death, severe injury or property damage can result:

• The equipment must be grounded at the grounding terminal before any connections are made

• All circuit components connected to the power supply may be subject to dangerous voltage

• Hazardous voltages may be present in equipment even after the supply voltage has been disconnected(capacitors can still be charged)

• Operation of equipment with exposed current-transformer circuits is prohibited Before disconnecting theequipment, ensure that the current-transformer circuits are short-circuited

• The limiting values stated in the document must not be exceeded This must also be considered duringtesting and commissioning

Preface

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Open Source Software

The product contains, among other things, Open Source Software developed by third parties The OpenSource Software used in the product and the license agreements concerning this software can be found in theReadme_OSS These Open Source Software files are protected by copyright Your compliance with thoselicense conditions will entitle you to use the Open Source Software as foreseen in the relevant license In theevent of conflicts between Siemens license conditions and the Open Source Software license conditions, theOpen Source Software conditions shall prevail with respect to the Open Source Software portions of the soft-ware The Open Source Software is licensed royalty-free Insofar as the applicable Open Source SoftwareLicense Conditions provide for it you can order the source code of the Open Source Software from yourSiemens sales contact - against payment of the shipping and handling charges - for a period of at least 3 yearssince purchase of the Product We are liable for the Product including the Open Source Software contained in

it pursuant to the license conditions applicable to the Product Any liability for the Open Source Softwarebeyond the program flow intended for the Product is explicitly excluded Furthermore any liability for defectsresulting from modifications to the Open Source Software by you or third parties is excluded We do notprovide any technical support for the Product if it has been modified

When using DIGSI 5 in online mode, you are provided with the option to go to the main menu Show open

source software information and read and display the Readme_OSS file containing the original license text

and copyright information

To do this, the following steps are necessary:

• Switch to online mode

• Select the device

• Select Online in the menu bar.

• Click Show open source software information.

i NOTETo read the Readme_OSS file, a PDF viewer must be installed on the computer

In order to operate SIPROTEC 5 devices, a valid DIGSI 5 license is required

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Table of Contents

Preface 3

Open Source Software 7

1 Introduction 19

1.1 General 20

1.2 Properties of SIPROTEC 5 21

1.3 Properties of the Fault Recorder 23

1.4 Parameterization and Analysis Software 25

1.4.1 DIGSI 5 25

1.4.2 SICAM PQS/SICAM PQ Analyzer 25

1.5 Scope of Functions 28

2 Basic Structure of the Function 31

2.1 Function Embedding in the Device 32

2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope 35

2.3 Function Control 37

2.4 Text Structure and Reference Number for Parameter and Indications 39

3 System Functions 41

3.1 Indications 42

3.1.1 General 42

3.1.2 Reading Indications on the On-Site Operation Panel 42

3.1.3 Reading Indications from the PC with DIGSI 5 44

3.1.4 Display of Indications 45

3.1.5 Logs 46

3.1.5.1 General 46

3.1.5.2 Operational Log 47

3.1.5.3 User-Defined Log 49

3.1.5.4 Sequence of Events Log 52

3.1.6 Setting-History Log 54

3.1.7 Communication Log 56

3.1.8 Security Log 57

3.1.9 Device-Diagnosis Log 59

3.1.10 Saving and Deleting the Log 60

3.1.11 Stored Indications in the SIPROTEC 5 Device 62

3.1.12 Test Mode and Influence of Indications on Substation Automation Technology 64

3.2 Measured-Value Acquisition 65

3.3 Processing Quality Attributes 67

3.3.1 Overview 67

3.3.2 Quality Processing/Affected by the User for Received GOOSE Values 69

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3.3.3 Quality Processing/Affected by the User in CFC Charts 74

3.3.4 Quality Processing/Affected by the User in Internal Device Functions 78

3.4 Date and Time Synchronization 82

3.4.1 Overview of Functions 82

3.4.2 Structure of the Function 82

3.4.3 Function Description 82

3.4.4 Settings 85

3.4.5 Information List 86

3.5 User-Defined Objects 87

3.5.1 Overview 87

3.5.2 Basic Data Types 88

3.5.3 Energy Metered Values 91

3.5.4 Additional Data Types 91

3.5.5 External Signals 91

3.6 Other Functions 92

3.6.1 Indication Filtering and Chatter Blocking for Input Signals 92

3.7 General Notes for Setting the Threshold Value of Trigger Functions 95

3.7.1 Overview 95

3.7.2 Modifying the Transformer Ratios in DIGSI 5 95

3.7.3 Changing the Transformation Ratios of the Transformer on the Device 102

4 Applications 103

4.1 Overview 104

4.2 Application Template and Functional Scope for the Fault Recorder 105

5 Power-System Data 109

5.1 Overview 110

5.2 Structure of the Power-System Data 111

5.3 Application and Setting Notes – General Settings 112

5.4 Application and Setting Notes for Measuring Point Current 3-Phase (I-3ph) 113

5.5 Application and Setting Notes for Measuring Point Current 1-Phase (I-1ph) 116

5.6 Application and Setting Notes for Measuring Point Voltage 3-Phase (V-3ph) 118

5.7 Application and Setting Notes for Measuring Point Voltage 1-Phase (V-1ph) 122

5.8 Settings 124

5.9 Information List 131

6 Function-Group Types 135

6.1 Function-Group Type Voltage 3-Phase 136

6.1.1 Overview 136

6.1.2 Structure of the Function Group 136

6.1.3 Application and Setting Notes 138

6.1.4 Settings 138

6.2 Function-Group Type Voltage/current 1-Phase 140

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6.2.4 Write-Protected Settings 144

6.2.5 Settings 144

6.3 Function-Group Type Voltage/current 3-Phase 145

6.3.1 Overview 145

6.3.4 Settings 150

6.4 Function-Group Type Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) 152

6.4.4 Transmitted Data 157

6.4.5 PMU Communication (IEEE C37.118) 157

6.4.6 Parameterizing the PMU with DIGSI 158

6.4.7 Parameterizing the PMU on the Device 167

6.4.9 Settings 170

6.5 Function-Group Type Analog Units 171

6.5.1 Overview 171

6.5.3 20-mA Unit Ethernet 173

6.5.3.1 Overview 173

6.5.3.2 Structure of the Function 173

6.5.3.3 Communication with 20-mA Unit Ethernet 174

6.5.3.4 Application and Setting Notes 175

6.5.3.5 20-mA Channel 175

6.5.3.7 Settings 179

6.5.3.8 Information List 180

6.5.4 20-mA Unit Serial 180

6.5.5 Communication with 20-mA Unit 183

6.5.5.1 Integration of a Serial 20-mA Unit 183

6.5.5.2 Integration of a 20-mA Unit Ethernet 186

6.5.6 V/I-Measuring-Transducer Unit with Fast Inputs 188

6.5.6.3 Function Description 189

6.5.7 RTD Unit Ethernet 196

6.5.7.3 Communication with an RTD Unit 197

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6.5.7.5 Temperature Sensor 199

6.5.8 RTD Unit, Serial 203

6.5.9 Communication with RTD Unit 206

6.5.9.1 Integration of a Serial RTD Unit (Ziehl TR1200) 206

6.5.9.2 Integration of an RTD-Unit Ethernet (TR1200 IP) 208

6.5.9.3 Temperature Simulation without Sensors 211

7 Fault Recorder 213

7.1 Introduction to DIGSI 5 214

7.1.1 General 214

7.1.2 Step 1: Creating a New Project and Adding a New Device 214

7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Parameters and Routing in DIGSI 5 217

7.1.4 Step 3: Evaluating Recordings 225

7.1.5 Working with IEC 61850 228

7.2 Function-Group Type Recorder 231

7.2.4 Application and Setting Notes – General Settings 234

7.2.5 Time Jumps 235

7.2.6 Fast-Scan Recorder 236

7.2.6.1 Overview of Functions 236

7.2.7 Slow-Scan Recorder 241

7.2.8 Continuous Recorder 247

7.2.9 Trend Recorder 250

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7.2.10 Sequence of Events 253

7.2.11 Flow Control of Fault Records (Fast-Scan and Slow-Scan Recorder) 253

7.2.11.1 Function Description of the Retrigger Blocking Time 253

7.2.11.2 Triggering Without the Retrigger Blocking Time 254

7.2.11.3 Triggering With the Retrigger Blocking Time 255

7.3 Function Description Analog and Binary Triggers 262

7.3.2 Function Description Analog Trigger 262

7.3.2.1 Structure of the Analog Trigger 262

7.3.2.2 Trigger Functions of the Analog Trigger 263

7.3.2.3 Level Trigger 264

7.3.2.4 Gradient Trigger (dM/dt) 264

7.3.3 Function Description Binary Trigger 265

7.3.3.1 Manual Trigger Start 265

7.3.3.2 External Trigger Start 268

7.3.3.3 GOOSE Trigger 268

7.3.3.4 Trigger Start Using Logic Block Chart 269

7.3.3.5 Triggers on Indications 269

7.4 Trigger Functions 1-Phase 271

7.4.1 Voltage Trigger 271

7.4.1.4 Application and Setting Notes Trig V RMS (RMS Value) 273

7.4.1.5 Application and Setting Notes Trig V Fund (Fundamental Component) 274

7.4.2 Current Trigger 277

7.4.2.4 Application and Setting Notes I RMS Trig 279

7.4.2.5 Application and Setting Notes I Fund Trig 281

7.4.3 Frequency Trigger 285

7.4.3.4 Application and Setting Notes - Frequency Trigger 287

7.4.4 Power Trigger 289

7.4.4.4 Application and Setting Notes – Trigger P 291

7.4.4.5 Application and Setting Notes – Trigger Q 293

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7.5 Trigger Functions 3-Phase 297

7.5.1 Voltage Trigger 297

7.5.1.4 Application and Setting Notes Trig V Fund (Fundamental Component) 299

7.5.1.5 Application and Setting Notes Trig V RMS (RMS Value) 302

7.5.1.6 Application and Setting Notes - V0 Trigger (Zero-Sequence System) 305

7.5.1.7 Application and Setting Notes - V1 Trigger (Positive-Sequence System) 306

7.5.1.8 Application and Setting Notes - V2 Trigger (Negative-Sequence System) 307

7.5.2 Current Trigger 312

7.5.2.4 Application and Setting Notes I Fund Trig 315

7.5.2.5 Application and Setting Notes Trigger I RMS 317

7.5.2.6 Application and Setting Notes - I0 Trigger (Zero-Sequence System) 320

7.5.2.7 Application and Setting Notes I1 Trigger (Positive-Sequence System) 321

7.5.2.8 Application and Setting Notes - I2 Trigger (Negative-Sequence System) 322

7.5.3 Frequency Trigger 331

7.5.3.4 Application and Setting Notes - Frequency Trigger 333

7.5.4 Power Trigger 335

7.5.4.4 Application and Setting Notes Trigger Psum 338

7.5.4.5 Application and Setting Notes Qsum Trig 339

7.5.4.6 Application and Setting Notes Trigger Ssum 341

7.5.4.7 Function Description Trigger Power Swing 342

7.5.4.8 Application and Setting Notes, Trigger Power Swing 343

7.6 Measurands and Recorder Routing Functions 348

7.6.1 Measurands 348

7.6.1.1 Properties of Measurands 348

7.6.1.2 Using Measurands 348

7.6.1.3 Routing the Measurands in DIGSI 5 for Processing in SICAM PQS 353

7.6.2 Recorder Routing V 353

7.6.2.3 Indications 353

7.6.3 Recorder Routing VI 1-Phase 356

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7.6.4 Recorder Routing VI 3-Phase 357

7.6.5 V/I Measuring-Transducer Unit with Fast Inputs 360

8 Supervision Functions 361

8.1 Overview 362

8.2 Resource-Consumption Supervision 363

8.2.1 Load Model 363

8.2.2 Function Points 364

8.2.3 CFC Resources 365

8.3 Supervision of the Secondary System 367

8.3.1 Signaling-Voltage Supervision 367

8.3.2 Voltage-Balance Supervision 372

8.3.3 Voltage-Sum Supervision 375

8.3.4 Voltage Phase-Rotation Supervision 378

8.3.5 Broken-Wire Detection 380

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8.3.6 Current-Balance Supervision 384

8.3.7 Current-Sum Supervision 386

8.3.8 Current Phase-Rotation Supervision 390

8.4 Supervision of the Device Hardware 393

8.4.1 Overview 393

8.4.2 Analog-Channel Supervision via Fast Current-Sum 394

8.5 Supervision of Device Firmware 398

8.6 Supervision of Hardware Configuration 399

8.7 Supervision of Communication Connections 400

8.8 Error Responses and Corrective Measures 401

8.8.1 Overview 401

8.8.2 Defect Severity 1 402

8.8.5 Defect Severity 4 (Group Alarm) 407

8.9 Group Indications 409

9 Measured and Energy Values 411

9.1 Overview of Functions 412

9.2 Structure of the Function 413

9.3 Operational Measured Values 414

9.4 Fundamental and Symmetrical Components 416

9.5 Average Values 417

9.5.1 Function Description of Average Values 417

9.5.2 Application and Setting Notes for Average Values 417

9.6 Minimum/Maximum Values 420

9.6.1 Function Description of Minimum/Maximum Values 420

9.6.2 Application and Setting Notes for Minimum/Maximum Values 421

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10 Functional Tests 423

10.1 Overview 424

10.2 Directional Test 425

11 Technical Data 427

11.1 General Device Data 428

11.1.1 Supply Voltage 428

11.1.2 Binary Inputs 429

11.1.3 Relay Outputs 430

11.1.4 Design Data 432

11.1.5 Influencing Variables for Measured Values 434

11.1.6 SDHC Memory Card 434

11.2 Date and Time Synchronization 436

11.3 Phasor Measurement Unit 437

11.4 Recorder Functions 438

11.4.1 Fast-Scan Recorder 438

11.4.2 Slow-Scan Recorder 438

11.4.3 Continuous Recorder 439

11.4.4 Trend Recorder 439

11.4.5 Measured Values and Binary Inputs 439

11.5 Supervision Functions 441

11.5.1 Voltage-Balance Supervision 441

11.5.2 Voltage-Sum Supervision 441

11.5.3 Voltage Phase-Rotation Supervision 441

11.5.4 Broken-Wire Detection 442

11.5.5 Current-Balance Supervision 442

11.5.6 Current-Sum Supervision 442

11.5.7 Current Phase-Rotation Supervision 443

11.5.8 Analog Channel Supervision via Fast Current Sum 443

11.6 Operational Measured Values and Statistical Values 444

11.7 CFC 448

A Appendix 453

A.1 Order Configurator and Order Options 454

A.2 Typographic and Symbol Conventions 455

A.3 Standard Variants for 7KE85 458

A.4 Connection Examples for Current Transformers 462

A.5 Connection Examples of Voltage Transformers for Modular Devices 465

A.6 Application Examples of the Fault Recorder 468

A.7 Shielding Concept 471

A.8 SDHC Memory Card 472

A.9 Troubleshooting SDHC Memory Card 474

Glossary 475

Index 487

Table of Contents

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1

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The protection of power distribution equipment is crucial in assuring a reliable electricity supply The userexpects full availability of electrical energy at a consistently high standard of quality Thus, for power-systemprotection, for example, it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish between critical load cases andshort-circuits with minimum fault currents The demands on optimum use and the corresponding parameteri-zation of protection devices are rising Intensive evaluation of available information from secondary equip-ment (using fault recorders) is therefore essential This is the only way to ensure today's currently high levels

of reliability and availability in electricity transmission and distribution systems for the future as well

A new era has begun for fault recording with the introduction of the SIPROTEC 5 series The 7KE85 faultrecorder was developed especially for the requirements of the changing energy market, both current andfuture Powerful, reliable monitoring, combined with the flexible engineering and communication options,offers the basis for maximum reliability of supply

1.1

Introduction

1.1 General

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• Easy operation via an integrated operation and display panel, or via a connected personal computer withuser interface

• Continuous calculation and presentation of measured values on the front display

• Storage of min/max measured values and storage of long-term average values

• Storage of fault indications for system incidents (faults in system) with real-time assignment and taneous values for fault recording

instan-• Continuous monitoring of the measurands as well as the device hardware and software

• Communication with central control and storage devices possible via the device interface

• Battery-buffered, synchronizable clock

Microcomputer System

All device functions are processed in the microcomputer system

This includes, for example:

• Filtering and preparation of the measurands

• Constant monitoring of the measurands

• Monitoring of the trigger conditions for the individual functions

• Querying of limiting values and time-outs

• Controlling of signals for the logic functions

• Storage of indications, fault data, and fault values for fault analysis

• Administration of the operating system and its functions, such as data storage, real-time clock, cation, interfaces, etc

communi-• External distribution of information

Modular Concept

The SIPROTEC 5 modular concept ensures the consistency and integrity of all functionalities across the entiredevice series Significant features here include:

• Modular system design in hardware, software, and communication

• The same expansion and communication modules for all devices in the SIPROTEC 5 family

• Innovative terminal technology with easy assembly and interchangeability and the highest possibledegree of safety

• The same functions can be configured individually across the entire family of devices

• Ability to upgrade with innovations possible at all times through libraries

• Open, scalable architecture for IT integration and new functions

1.2

Introduction1.2 Properties of SIPROTEC 5

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• Multi-layered security mechanisms in all links of the security chain

• Self-monitoring routines for reliable localization and indication of device faults

• Automatic logging of access attempts and safety-critical operations on the devices and systems

Analog Inputs

The measuring inputs transform the currents and voltages coming from the instrument transformers andadapt them to the internal processing level of the device A SIPROTEC 5 device has current and/or voltagetransmitters The current inputs are therefore intended for the detection of phase currents and groundcurrent The ground current can be detected sensitively using a core balance current transformer In addition,phase currents can be detected very sensitively for a particularly precise measurement

The voltage inputs detect the measuring voltage of device functions requiring current and voltage measuredvalues

The analog values are digitized in the internal microcomputer for data processing

Binary Inputs and Outputs

The device receives information from the system or from other devices via the binary inputs and outputs cations are generated for the remote signaling of important events and states

Indi-Front Elements

For devices with an integrated or detached operation panel, LEDs and an LC display on the front provide mation on the device function and report events, states, and measured values In conjunction with the LCdisplay, the integrated keypad enables on-site operation of the device All device information such as settingparameters, operating and fault indications or measured values can be displayed, and setting parameterschanged

infor-USB Interface and Serial Interfaces

The USB interface in the front cover enables communication with a personal computer when using the DIGSI 5operating program As a result, the operation of all device functions is possible Additional interfaces on theback are used to realize various communication protocols

Redundant Communication

SIPROTEC 5 devices maintain complete communication redundancy:

• Multiple redundant communication interfaces

• Redundant and independent protocols for control centers possible (such as IEC 61850, either single orredundant)

• Redundant time synchronization (such as IRIG-B and SNTP)

Power Supply

The individual functional units of the device are powered by an internal power supply Brief interruptions inthe supply voltage, which can occur during short circuits in the system auxiliary voltage supply, are bridged bycapacitor storage (see also the Technical Data)

Introduction

1.2 Properties of SIPROTEC 5

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Properties of the Fault Recorder

The 7KE85 fault recorder is built on the flexible and powerful SIPROTEC 5 modular system and can thus also beused universally in the scope of system solutions The 7KE85 fault recorder is able to acquire extensive data,such as measured values and sampled values (SAV), with high precision It features a large number of analogand binary inputs and a high sampling frequency All data are recorded either by way of continuous criteria or

by way of different trigger criteria Besides storing the data on internal mass storage, they can also transmit it

to central analysis systems Consequently, you are able to monitor systems for typical characteristics

The fault recorder continuously records on the one side via the trend recorder and the continuous recorder

On the other side, the fault recorder records analog and binary data during a fault, for example, a change involtage, short circuits or ground faults, using the triggered fast-scan or slow-scan recorders The 7KE85 faultrecorder captures this high-precision, time-stamped record, including calculated measurands (such as, forexample, power or frequency), for later evaluation The evaluation is done after reading out from the devicethrough DIGSI 5 via SIGRA or via the powerful fault record and PQ data analysis system SICAM PQS/SICAM PQAnalyzer Recorded data is archived on internal mass storage to prevent data loss in case of a loss of supplyvoltage Recording of faults ensures long recordings with outstanding accuracy The 7KE fault recordercaptures and processes the measurands and events according to the IEC 61000-4-30 and IEC 61000-4-15standards

Poor power quality can lead to a power failure Effects on power quality consist of and are created chiefly bylarge loads (for example, industrial processes), changes in the current network status (switching operations)and by external effects (for example, lightning) Power quality standards (for example, EN 50160) are used tospecify limits for electric measurands within which connected devices operate properly without large powerlosses The fault recorder is used as a power quality recorder and evaluation device to show the power quality

of an electricity-supply system

The fault recorder has the following properties:

• Embedding in the SIPROTEC 5 family with:

- A consistent hardware concept

- Numerous expansion modules

- DIGSI 5 as configuration tool

- A broad selection of functionalities on the basis of function points

• Fault recording and continuous recording for use in medium-, high-, and ultra high-voltage systems(substations) and in power plants

• Sampling frequencies can be set from 1 kHz to 16 kHz

• Time synchronization via IRIG-B, DCF77, and SNTP

• External mass storage (Siemens SDHC memory card only) with 16 GB

• Flexible routing:

- Any desired routing of the measured values on each recorder

- Free combination of the measuring groups for the power calculation

• Recorded quality code:

- Quality characteristic for each recorded value as well as display of this characteristic in SIGRA/SICAM PQAnalyzer

• Recording GOOSE signals

1.3

Introduction1.3 Properties of the Fault Recorder

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• Triggering on GOOSE signals via Continuous Function Chart

• Creation of flexible trigger conditions through use of logic block charts (Continuous Function Chart)

• Specifying the limits for electrical measurands

• Monitoring power network quality (Power Quality Monitoring) according to EN 50160

• Measuring flicker according to IEC 61000-4-15

• Additional functions for simple tests and for commissioning

Introduction

1.3 Properties of the Fault Recorder

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Parameterization and Analysis Software

DIGSI 5

Description

DIGSI 5 is the versatile engineering tool for parameterization, commissioning, and operating all SIPROTEC 5devices Its innovative user interface includes context-sensitive user instructions Simple connection to thedevice via USB and Ethernet IF enables you to work with a device easily and efficiently The full capabilities ofDIGSI 5 are revealed when you connect it to a network of protection devices: Then you can work with all of thedevices in a substation in one project

DIGSI 5 offers superior usability and is optimized for your work processes Only the information you actuallyneed to carry out your tasks is shown These can be reduced further via expanded filter mechanisms Consis-tent use of sophisticated and standardized mechanisms in the user interfaces requires less training DIGSI 5 is

tailored to specific requirements The free software variant DIGSI 5 Compact offers everything that is required for a single device The DIGSI 5 Standard Version is suitable for complex scenarios with several devices.

DIGSI 5 Premium contains the full functionality you need to raise your productivity to a new level.

SICAM PQS/SICAM PQ Analyzer

Description

Siemens SICAM PQS allows all fault records and network quality data (PQ data) to be analyzed in one system.The protection of power distribution equipment is crucial in assuring a reliable electricity supply The userexpects full availability of electrical energy at a consistently high standard of quality Thus, for power-systemprotection, for example, it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish between critical load cases andshort-circuits with minimum fault currents The demands on optimum use and the corresponding parameteri-zation of protection devices are rising Intensive evaluation of available information from secondary equip-ment using fault recorders is therefore essential This is the only way to ensure today's currently high levels ofreliability and availability in electricity transmission and distribution systems for the future as well Addition-ally, the growing use of power electronics often has a noticeable impact on power quality The result is poorpower quality, which can cause interruptions, production outages, and high follow-up costs

Compliance with the generally valid quality criteria for electricity-supply systems as defined in standards (for

example, EN 50160) is therefore vital The basis must be reliable recording and assessment of all quality

parameters Weak points and potential fault sources can be identified early on and systematically eliminated

With the software solution SICAM PQS, Siemens is setting new standards: For the first time, it is possible to

evaluate and archive centrally all network quality data from the bay level with one integrated software tion in a vendor-neutral manner This gives you a quick and uncomplicated overview of the quality of your

solu-system With SICAM PQS, you can keep an eye on all relevant data: Fault records as well as all network quality measured data For combined applications, SICAM PQS is also easy to expand to a substation automation

system

User Benefit

• Secured power quality for the supply of your plant

• Fast, transparent analysis of the cause and development of a system incident

• Efficient personnel deployment for troubleshooting

• Intuitive usability

• Evidence of compliance with generally accepted standards in utilities

• Online comparison of sampled PQ data with standard and customer-specific transmission code templates

• Immediate information on violations of the power-quality criteria

• Automatic determination of the fault point

• Automatic analysis and report creation for violations of the power-quality criteria

1.4

1.4.1

1.4.2

Introduction1.4 Parameterization and Analysis Software

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• Structured representation and structured access to archive data

• Cumulative summary of all PQ data in a state criterion (PQ index)

• Spatially distributed options for the monitoring and evaluation of PQ measured data

• Archiving of PQ data (measured values, fault records, PDR records)

• Different communication standards and interfaces for device connection and for the acquisition ofprocess data (Ethernet TCP/IP, serial interfaces)

• Automatic import from third-party devices in PQDIF and COMTRADE format

• Ethernet network monitoring, for example, based on SNMP

• Data exchange via OPC for the connection to office desktop computers

• Secured data access via a user management

• Redundant structure of the system on different levels

• Test and diagnostic functions

• Export of fault records via COMTRADE

• Export of PQ data via PQDIF

• Notification via e-mail and SMS

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Thus, SICAM PQS can be set up in different variants:

• Full Server with (source) archive and SICAM PQ Analyzer

• System with

– Full servers with (Source) archive

– SICAM PQ Analyzer Clients

• System with

– Full servers

– Archive computers with (Collector) archive

– SICAM PQ Analyzer Clients

The number of components which can be used in a system depends on the individual license

(Source) Archive

The Full Server collects PQ measured data and fault records from connected devices and stores them in its

local (source) archive This archive data can be directly evaluated by one or several SICAM PQ Analyzer(s)

Figure 1-2 Configuration Options with SICAM PQS System with Full Servers, SICAM PQ Analyzer Clients

and (Collector) Archive

Introduction1.4 Parameterization and Analysis Software

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Scope of Functions

Registration Systems in Power Plants

In power plants, it is essential that the following problems be analyzed and evaluated and, if necessary,counter measures implemented:

• There is a short circuit on the generator during the startup phase, before the generator has reached therated frequency of the power-system voltage During this time range, the generator frequency passesthrough a range of 0 Hz to the rated value frated Use of the Fast-scan recorder is necessary in this phase.

• The circuit breaker of the generator closes In this time range, possible errors, such as incorrect phase

sequence or insufficient synchronization, must be registered Use of the Fast-scan recorder is necessary

in this case, too

• There is a short circuit on the generator or in the transmission system, after the generator was coupled

with the electrical power system and ran without interruption Use of the function Fast-scan recorder is

helpful in this case, too The cause of the short circuit on the generator can be analyzed with the ings

record-• Local or entire system power swings occur These oscillations can severely stress the generator shaft, if,for example, the use of electronic restraint measures (Power System Stabilizer (PSS)) is not provided orthe calibration of the electronics is faulty These failures can be recorded precisely with the functions

Slow-scan recorder and Continuous recorder The process quantities (power, frequency, RMS values of

the fundamental component of currents and voltages and of symmetric components) form a specialcharacteristic with which the electronic signals of the PSS and other important quantities, such as theexcitation current of the generator, the steam pressure etc., can be recorded Finally, these signals can becompared and evaluated with the history of the RMS value of the voltage and the current

• Power swing cycles between the power plant and transmission system can lead to severe damage to thegenerator if they are not detected in time and shut down This job is performed by the distance protec-

tion equipment With the use of the Slow-scan recorder function, the network status can be precisely

recorded before, during and after the power swing cycle If, in parallel to this, the function is activated, it

is possible to clarify, for example, whether a closer or more distant short circuit in the network was thecause for the trip of this power swing, or load or generator shedding which put the network in this state

• The Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) function is used for monitoring large transmission systems With

this, the phasors of the power-system voltage, the line current and the power frequency are calculatedprecisely and provided with a time stamp The calculated data are sent continuously to a computer via a

communication channel, the Phasor-Data Concentrator (PDC) The data of several PMUs are processed

and evaluated in the PDC so that bottlenecks in the transmission system, line overloads, etc., can bedetermined

• The Continuous recorder function is used to examine the long-term stability of power-system voltage

and power frequency With these registration functions, the long-term history of the currents andvoltages, the active and reactive power, the power frequency and other important network variables can

be recorded With the use of the Continuous recorder registration function, it is possible to adapt the

recordings to be more comprehensive and informative

As described previously, through the use of a modern fault recorder and proper use of the corresponding tions, the electrical events in and around the power plant can be recorded precisely and then analyzed

func-1.5

Introduction

1.5 Scope of Functions

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Registration Systems in the Transmission Systems

Most fault recorders are installed in the switchgears for transmission systems Even though the main

applica-tion area is still post-mortem analysis and thus the use of the Fast-scan recorder funcapplica-tion, the use of other

functions to understand stability problems in the energy network and take the appropriate counter measures

is growing

• Capacitor voltage dividers are used in several transmission systems In the case of a short circuit in theline, high-frequency fault signals can occur in the voltage map, which then lead to over or under function

of protection devices With the use of the function Fast-scan recorder, these transient processes, as well

as the behavior of the protection devices can be extensively analyzed

• Common-mode reactors at the beginning and end of transmission lines form a resonant circuit with theline capacity and /or with a longitudinal condenser If a line is shut off, then resonant oscillations canexist, which last several network periods For 1-pole short interruptions, these oscillations of the meas-ured values of protection devices can be significantly corrupted and thus cause unwanted tripping Forthis reason the resonant oscillations must be recorded and analyzed after switching off the lines with the

function Fast-scan recorder.

• Inductance of voltage transformers and scatter capacities in switchgears (busbars, lines) can lead toferroresonance effects These problems are not registered under normal conditions of protection devices

If these problems are not detected and counter measures implemented in a timely manner, significantdamage can result in the switchgear, such as the explosion of voltage transformers For registration of

these processes, the function Fast-scan recorder is necessary.

• Measurements over large areas of the transmission system (Wide Area Monitoring) can be performed with the functions Slow-scan recorder and Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) The objective of the

measurements is the detection of power fluctuations and power swing cycles as well as voltage andfrequency stability problems

• Increasingly, the use of continuous recorders is growing With these functions, the long-term stabilityproblems can be analyzed in detail These measurements form a solid foundation for expensive invest-ments such as the procurement of compensation systems (SVC)

• The availability and quality of the power supply is very important for power distribution utilities To

monitor the voltage quality (also known as Power Quality (PQ)) over a long period of time, the Trend

recorder function must be used With this function, the long-term behavior of voltages (fluctuations in

frequency, voltage, short-term voltage changes, transients, signal distortions, etc.) can be precisely

recorded Using the Trend recorder function contributes to a high-quality and reliable energy supply An

analysis according to EN 50160 can be mapped using the averaged values (frequency: 10 s; short-termflicker strength over 10 minutes and long-term flicker strength over 2 hours)

Registration Systems in HVDC Switchgear

The use of modern registration systems in high-voltage DC transmission systems (HVDC) is significantlydifferent than the use in transmission systems or power plants

The use of the classic function Fast-scan recorder is thus very important in connection with the process signalinputs With this constellation, it is possible to register alternating and direct-voltage variables together Insome cases, it is additionally desired to register gate trigger pulses for thyristors via binary channels Areas ofuse are, for example, Flexible Alternating-Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) and thyristor-driven reactive-power compensation systems

In the future, it can be expected that, in HVDC and FACTS systems, the use of the functions Slow-scan

recorder, Continuous recorder and Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) will increase to monitor the function

groups of the system for stability control of the network and to register faults

Registration Systems in Distribution Systems and Industrial Complexes

Modern registration systems are used in important transformer stations where the transition from sion to distribution takes place Such transformer stations are present both in the power utility area as well as

transmis-in transmis-industrial complexes The most important function is here the Fast-scan recorder for registertransmis-ing short

circuits

Introduction1.5 Scope of Functions

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Identifying the Measuring Points

The measuring points can be assigned and established for example as in the Figure 1-3 The fault record or PQdata acquisition requires, in addition to the selection of the measuring point, also a definition and establish-

ment of the evaluation criteria at the individual measuring points There the monitoring of the Network

Quality is a combination of data acquisition techniques, which are classified according to purpose or use.

[dwnetzve-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]

Figure 1-3 General Display of the Measuring Points

Table 1-1 Assignment of measuring points

No Measuring Points Location

1 Infeed (line or transformer) Possible busbars

2 Power generation/decentral power

generation

Busbars, transformers or generator connection

3 Forwarding, distribution system Busbars (for example, if the busbar belongs to the

transmis-sion company and is run by it.)

4 Forwarding, infeed (line or

7 Power distribution, consumers Distribution transformers (for example, if the transformer

belongs to the transmission company and is run by it.)

Introduction

1.5 Scope of Functions

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Basic Structure of the Function

2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope 35

2.4 Text Structure and Reference Number for Parameter and Indications 39

2

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Function Embedding in the Device

General

SIPROTEC 5 devices offer great flexibility in the handling of functions Functions can be individually loadedinto the device Additionally, it is possible to copy functions within a device or between devices The necessaryintegration of functions in the device is illustrated by the following example

i NOTEThe availability of certain settings and setting options depends on the device type and the functions

avail-able on the device!

Several predefined function packages that are tailored to specific applications exist for each device family A

predefined functional scope is called an application template The existing application templates are offered

for selection automatically when you create a new device in DIGSI 5

Application Template

When creating the device in DIGSI 5, you must specify the hardware configuration of the device DIGSI 5 thenautomatically offers the appropriate 7KE85 application template for the selected hardware configuration.Select one of the offered application templates

See also chapter 2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope

The function groups bundle functions with regard to the following basic tasks:

• Assignment of functions to current and/or voltage transformers (assignment of functions to the uring points and thus to the fault recorder)

meas-• Exchange of information between function groups

When a function is copied into a function group, it automatically works with the measuring points assigned tothe function group Their output signals are also automatically included in the configured interfaces of thefunction group

The selected application template Fault recorder contains 4 function groups:

• Function group Voltage

• Function group Voltage/current

• Function group Recorder

• Function group PMU

The following tables show the structure of the function groups

Table 2-1 Function Group Voltage

Function Group (FG) Function (FN) Function Block (FB)

FG 3-phase voltage Frequency trigger Frq Trigger

Voltage trigger V Fund Trig

V RMS TrigV0 TriggerV1 TriggerV2 Trigger

2.1

Basic Structure of the Function

2.1 Function Embedding in the Device

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Recorder routing V Routing f

Routing V

Table 2-2 Function Group Voltage/Current

FG Voltage/current 3-phase Frequency trigger Frq Trigger

V RMS TrigV0 TriggerV1 TriggerV2 TriggerCurrent trigger I Fund Trig

I RMS TrigI0 TriggerI1 TriggerI2 Trigger

Q Sum Trig

S Sum TrigRecorder routing VI Routing f

Routing IRouting powerRouting V

FG Voltage/current 1-phase Frequency trigger Frq Trigger

V RMS TrigCurrent trigger I Fund Trig

I RMS Trig

Q triggerRecorder routing VI Routing f

Routing IRouting powerRouting VTable 2-3 Function Group Recorder

Basic Structure of the Function2.1 Function Embedding in the Device

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Table 2-4 Function Group PMU

The number and type of function groups differ in the respective application templates, depending on theapplication You can add, create, or even delete user-specific function groups You can also adapt the func-tional scope within a function group according to the use case You can find detailed information on this inthe DIGSI 5 Online help

Interface Between Function Group and Measuring Point

The function groups receive the measurands of the current and voltage transformers from measuring points.For this, the function groups are connected to one or more measuring points

The number of measuring points and the assignment of function groups to the measuring points are preset bythe selected application template in accordance with the specific application Therefore, this specifies whichmeasuring point(s) and the corresponding measurands have to be used by which function within the functiongroup

The user can change the assignment as needed, that is, function groups can be assigned to any availablemeasuring points of the device

You can find a detailed description of the assignment of the measuring points to the function groups inchapter 7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Parameters and Routing in DIGSI 5

Trigger Routing – Interface between Function Group and Recorders

You can assign the trigger building blocks, which were configured in the feeder function groups flexibly to theconfigured fault recorders Each function group for feeders contains an overview of the successful assign-ments for this purpose In this overview this assignment can be adapted

You can find a detailed description of the trigger assignment in chapter 7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Parameters and Routing in DIGSI 5 under the keyword Trigger-routing.

Functions, Function Blocks

Functions can be assigned to function groups An assignment of a function to a feeder function group definesthat, for example, this function uses the measuring points of this feeder

Functions can be further subdivided

Functions consist, for example, of one or more function blocks:

• Example of a function with one function block: The function Fast-scan recorder consists of the single function block Fst-scan rec.

• Example of a function with several function blocks: The Voltage trigger function consists of the function blocks V Fund Trig, Trig V RMS, V0 Trigger, V1 Trigger and V2 Trigger

Each function block and each function (without function blocks) can be individually switched into specificoperating modes (for example, switch on/off) This is termed function control and is explained in chapter

2.3 Function Control

To adjust the functionality to the specific application, functions and function blocks can be added, created,and deleted (see chapter 2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope)

2.1 Function Embedding in the Device

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Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope

Application Template

The application template defines the preconfigured functional scope of the device for a specific use case Acertain number of application templates is predefined for each device type DIGSI 5 automatically offers theapplication templates for selection when a new device is installed

The available application templates with the respective functional scope are described in more detail in cation template 4.1 Overview

Appli-The selection of the application template first predefines which function groups and functions are available inthe device (see also in chapter2.1 Function Embedding in the Device

You can adjust the functional scope to your specific application

i NOTEThe routing of the signals in the application templates is a recommendation The routing can be changed or

expanded at any time

Adjusting the Functional Scope

Adjust the functional scope based on the selected application template You can add, create, or delete tions, stages, function blocks, or complete function groups

func-In the DIGSI 5 project tree, this can be done via the following Editors:

• Single-line configuration

• Information routing

• Function settings

Siemens recommends the Single-line configuration Editor to adjust the functional scope.

Complete missing functionalities from the Global DIGSI 5 Library Then, the default settings of the added tionality are active You can copy within a device and between devices as well Settings and routings are alsocopied when you copy functionalities

func-i NOTEIf you delete a parameterized function group, function, or function block from the device, all settings and

routings will be lost The function group, function, or function block can be added again, but then, thedefault settings are active

In most cases, the adjustment of the functional scope consists of adding and deleting functions, trippingstages, and function blocks As previously described, the functions, tripping stages, and function blocks auto-matically connect themselves to the measuring points assigned to the function group

In a few cases, it may be necessary to add a feeder function group You must still connect the voltage and thecurrent/voltage function groups to one or more measuring points (see chapter 2.1 Function Embedding in the Device)

Functions, tripping stages, function blocks, and function groups can be added up to a certain maximumnumber The maximum number can be found in the respective function and function-group descriptions

2.2

Basic Structure of the Function2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope

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The current function point consumption can be queried in DIGSI 5 using the menu item Device information

diagram in the tab Resource consumption The number of function points which functions or function blocks

require is found in Table 4-1

Extending the Function-Point Credit

You can reorder function points if the function-point credit for the device is not enough

Proceed as follows:

• Determine the function point requirement of certain functions, for example, with DIGSI 5 or the

SIPROTEC 5 Configurator ( verteilung/schutz/siprotec5/bestellkonfigurator.htm)

http://www.energy.siemens.com/hq/de/automatisierung/stromuebertragung-• Order the additional function points from your local distributor or at http://www.energy.siemens.com

• Siemens will provide you with a signed license file for your device, either via e-mail or for downloading

• Use DIGSI 5 to load the signed license file into your device The procedure is described in the Online Help

of DIGSI 5

2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope

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Function Control

Function control is used for:

• Functions, which do not contain function blocks

• Function blocks within functions

i NOTE Simplifying Functions and Function control will be discussed in the following The description also applies

to tripping stage control and function block control

Functions can be switched to different operating modes You use the parameter Mode to define whether you

want a function to run (On) or not Off) In addition, you can temporarily block a function or switch it into test mode (parameter Mode = test) for the purpose of commissioning In test mode the fault records are marked

with a test flag

The function shows the current status – such as an Alarm – via the status signal

The following explains the different operating modes and mechanisms and how you set the functions intothese modes The function control is shown in the following figure It is standardized for all fault recorderfunctions Therefore, this control is not discussed further in the individual function descriptions

• On-site operation at the device

• Certain systems control protocols (IEC 61850, IEC 60870-5-103)

The possibility to adjust the superordinate state is limited For test purposes, the complete device can set into

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Table 2-5 Possible Function States

Function State Explanation

On The function is activated and operates as defined The prerequisite is that status of the function is OK.

Off The function is turned off It does not create any information The status of a selected function always

has the value OK.

Test The function is set into test mode This state supports the commissioning All outgoing information of

the function (indication and, if available, measured values) is provided with a test bit This test bitsignificantly influences the further processing of the information, depending on the target

NOTE: The Test mode is not available for the continuous recorder.

Target of the Information Processing

Buffer The indications are provided with the identification Test in the buffer.

Contact An indication routed to contact is not triggering the contact

Light-emitting diode (LED) An indication routed to the LED triggers the LED (normal processing)CFC Here, the behavior depends on the state of the CFC chart.

• CFC chart itself is not in test state:

The chart is not triggered by a status change of an informationwith set test bit The initial state of the information (state beforetest bit was set) is not processed during execution of the chart

• CFC chart itself is in test state:

The chart continues to process the information (indication ormeasured value) normally The CFC outgoing information isprovided with a test bit The definitions in this table apply to itscontinued processing

A CFC chart can be set to the test state only by switching the entiredevice to test mode

Protocol Indication and measured value are transmitted with set test bit,

provided that the protocol supports this functionality

If an object is transmitted as a GOOSE indication, the test bit is set taneously and the GOOSE indication is transmitted immediately Thereceiver of the GOOSE indication is automatically notified of transmittertest mode

spon-Status (Health)

The status indicates whether a selected function is capable of its designated functionality If so, the status is

OK If, due to the device's state or problems within the device, the functionality is possible only to a limitedextent or not at all, the status will indicate Warning (limited functionality) or Alarm (no functionality).Internal self-supervision can cause the functions to assume the Alarm status (see chapter Supervision Func-tions) If a function assumes the Alarm status, it is no longer active (indication inactive is generated).Only a few functions can signal the Warning status The Warning status results from function-specific moni-toring and is - if available - described in the function description If a function assumes the Warning status, itwill remain active, that is, the function can continue to work in a conditional manner and trip in the case of aprotection function

Inactive

The indication Inactive signals that a function is currently not working The indication Inactive is ated in the following cases:

gener-• Function is switched off

• Status of the function is in Alarm state

• Function is blocked by an input signal (see Figure 2-1)

2.3 Function Control

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Text Structure and Reference Number for Parameter and

Indications

Each parameter and each indication has a unique reference number within every SIPROTEC 5 device Thereference number gives you a clear reference, for example, between an indication entry in the buffer of thedevice and the corresponding description in the manual You can find the reference numbers in this docu-ment, for example, in the application and setting notes, in the logic diagrams, and in the parameter and infor-mation lists

In order to form unique test and reference numbers, every function group, function, function block, and cation or parameter has a text and a number This means that structured overall texts and numbers arecreated

indi-The structure of the text and reference number is in accordance with the hierarchy, already shown in chapter

2.1 Function Embedding in the Device

• Function group:Function:Function Block:Indication

• Function group:Function:Function Block:Parameter

The colon serves as a structure element to separate the hierarchy levels Depending on the functionality, notall hierarchy levels are always available Function Group and Function block are optional Since the same type

of function groups, functions as well as function blocks can be created several times, a so-called instancenumber is added to these elements

Figure 2-2 Function Voltage Trigger in the Fault Recorder Function Group

The following table shows the text and numbers of involved hierarchy elements:

type

Instance number

The instance numbers result from the following:

• Function group: VI 3-phase 1

1 Instance, because only one function group VI 3-phase exists in the device

2.4

Basic Structure of the Function2.4 Text Structure and Reference Number for Parameter and Indications

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• Function: Voltage trigger 1

1 Instance, because only one function Voltage trigger exists in the VI 3-phase function group.

• Function Block: Trig V Fund 1

1 Instance, because 1 Trig V Fund 1 exist in the function Voltage trigger

This results in the following texts and numbers (including the instance numbers):

VI 3-phase: Voltage trigger: V Fund Trig: dM/dt rise active 21:_1551:_9571:_103

VI 3-phase: Voltage trigger: V Fund Trig: Health 21:_1551:_9571:_53

The structure is simplified accordingly for parameter and indications with fewer hierarchy levels

2.4 Text Structure and Reference Number for Parameter and Indications

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