REPORTED SPEECH câu nói thường Example: Hoa said, “I am happy.” Hoa said that she was happy.. 1.Changes in tense Notes: • “may,can” is changed into “might,could” in Reported speech Ex;
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-DIRECT AND REPORTED SPEECH
I REPORTED SPEECH (câu nói thường)
Example:
Hoa said, “I am happy.” Hoa said (that) she was happy
1.Changes in tense
Notes:
• “may,can” is changed into “might,could” in Reported speech
Ex; (Direct speech) - Nam said , “I can play the piano.”
(Reported speech) - Nam said (that )he could play the piano.”
• “would ,could,should,ought to or might” is not changed in Reported speech
Ex: (Direct speech) - Lan said, “ I should tidy my room.”
(Reported speech) - Lan said( that )she should tidy her room.
• “must” is unchanged or to be “had to”
Ex: (Direct speech) - John said, “ I must do the exercises.”
(Reported speech) - John said ( that ) he must do the exercises.
- John said ( that ) he had to do the exercises.
2.Changes in pronouns,possessive pronouns and adverbs
a Pronouns, possessive pronouns are changed in Reported speech
Ex: (Direct speech) - Mrs Xuan said, “ I enjoy my day ”
(Reported speech) - Mrs Xuan said (that) she enjoyed her day.
b.Some adverbs are changed in reported speech
Direct speech Reported peech
TIME
now today tonight tomorrow yesterday last night/ week ago
on / next Monday
then/ immediately that day
that night
the next / following day the day before/the previous day the night/ week before
before/earlier the following Monday
DEMONSTRATIVE HEADS
this that
that those
Ex: (Direct speech) -Tom said, “ I have to go now.”
(Reported speech) -Tom said (that) he had to go then.”
II REPORTED SPEECH IN QUESTION FORMS (câu hỏi)
1 Reported speech in “WH question”
Ex 1: (Direct speech) - He asked me, “ What do you know about Malaysia?” (Reported speech) - He asked me what I knew about Malaysia.
Ex 2: (Direct speech) - Mr Hoang asked me, “What is your name?”
(Reported speech) - Mr Hoang asked me what my name was.
2.Reported speech in “Yes / No question”
Ex1: (Direct speech) -Mrs Parker asked me, “Are you Vietnamese?”
(Reported speech) -Mrs Parker asked me if/ whether I was Vietnamese.
III COMMANDS IN REPORTED SPEECH ( câu mệnh lệnh )
Commands in reported speech are in the form:
Subject
told asked requested begged odered
object (not) to infintive
Present simple
He said, “I study hard.”
Past simple
He said (that) he studied hard
Present progressive
He said, “I am studying hard.”
Past progressive
He said (that) he was studying hard
Past simple
He said, “I studied hard.”
Past simple/ Past perfect*
He said (that) he studied hard./
he had studied hard.*
Past progressive
He said, “I was studying hard.”
Past progressive/ Past perfect progressive*
He said (that) he was studying hard
/he had been studying hard *
Present perfect
He said, “I have studied hard.”
Past perfect
He said (that) he had studied hard
Simple future
He said, “I will study hard.”
Would + infinitive
He said (that) he would study hard
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-Ex1: (Direct speech) -He said to me, “Can you post this letter for me?”
(Reported speech) -He asked me to post the letter for him
Ex2: (Direct speech) -The doctor said to me, “ Stay in bed for a few days.”
(Reported speech) -The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days.”
*.Change the following sentences into Reported Speech.
1 He said to me, “ I can’t do this test”
-> He said to me ………
2 They said to him, “ We are learning English now”
-> They told him……….
3 She said to me, “ I will go to China next week”
-> She said to me……….
4 They asked him, “ Do you like to play this game?”
-> They asked him………
5 He said to me, “ I must finish this work on time”
-> He told me……….…….
6 She asked me, “ Why do you have to do this work?”
-> She asked me ……… …
7 They asked him, “ Shall we go to the stadium tomorrow?”
-> They invited him……….…….
8 He said to me, “ Do this test again, please”
-> He requested me……….….
9 The teacher said to them, “ Don’t make noise in class!”
-> The teacher told them……….
10 Mary said to me,“ Can I borrow you some money? I want to buy this
shirt”
-> Mary asked me……….
11.Maryam said to Lan,“Would you like to come and visit me next summer?”
………
12.His mother said to him, “ Don’t forget to turn off the faucet after using.”
……… 13.Mr Lam asked his secretary, “Can you choose a suitable language school for me?”
……… 14.Mr Brown said , “I am disappointed that people have spoiled this area.”
……… 15.My teacher said, “If we keep on wasting water, we will have no fresh water to use in the future.”
………
……… 16.My teacher said to us, “ You have no English class today because I am busy ”
……… 17.She asked me, “ Have you ever been to Da lat?”
……… 18.He said to me, “ Can you help me?”
……… 19.The examiner asked her, “Can you speak other languages?”
……… 20.The tourist asked me, “Is there a post office near here?”
………