OCA oracle database 11g administrator certified associate study guide (1z0 052)

Sach on thi mon OCA cua oracle

Database 11g

Administrator Certifi ed Associate

• Custom Test Engine

• Hundreds of Sample Questions

• Electronic Flashcards for PCs, Pocket PCs, and Palm Handhelds

Study, practice, and review for OCA certifi cation in Oracle 11g,

Oracle’s new release of its top-selling database software Inside

this in-depth guide, you’ll fi nd full coverage of essential topics

for two required OCA certifi cation exams: SQL Fundamentals I

(1Z0-051) and Administration I (1Z0-052) Explore topics such as

basic SQL SELECT statements, group functions, creating schema

objects, restricting and sorting data, and much more with this

essential two-in-one guide Inside, you’ll fi nd:

Full coverage of all exam objectives in a systematic approach, so you

can be confi dent you’re getting the instruction you need for the exam

Practical hands-on exercises to reinforce critical skills

Real-world scenarios that put what you’ve learned in the context

of actual job roles

Challenging review questions in each chapter to prepare you for

exam day

Exam Essentials, a key feature in each chapter that identifi es critical

areas you must become profi cient in before taking the exam

A handy tear card that maps every offi cial exam objective to the

corresponding chapter in the book, so you can track your exam prep

objective by objective

Biju Thomas, OCA, OCP, is a senior database administrator with more than 15 years

of Oracle application development and database management experience He has

coauthored fi ve Oracle certifi cation books published by Sybex and has written articles

for multiple Oracle technical publications.

Prepare for two OCA certifi cation

exams with this one book

A B O U T T H E A U T H O R

Look inside for complete coverage

of all exam objectives.

www.sybex.com

SYBEX TEST ENGINE:

Test your knowledge with advanced testing software Includes all chapter

review questions and bonus exams.

ELECTRONIC FLASHCARDS:

Reinforce your understanding with

fl ashcards that can run on your PC, Pocket PC, or Palm handheld.

Also on CD, you’ll fi nd the entire book in searchable and printable PDF

Study anywhere, any time, and approach the exam with confi dence.

C A T E G O R Y

COMPUTERS/Certifi cation Guides

Exam 1Z0-051 Exam 1Z0-052

OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified

Associate Study Guide

1Z0-051 Exam Objectives

retrieving Data Using the SQL SeLect Statement

List the capabilities of SQL SELECT statements 1

Execute a basic SELECT statement 1

restricting and Sorting Data

Limit the rows that are retrieved by a query 1

Sort the rows that are retrieved by a query 1

Use ampersand substitution to restrict and sort output at runtime 1

Using Single-row Functions to customize Output

Describe various types of functions available in SQL 2

Use character, number, and date functions in SELECT statements 2

Using conversion Functions and conditional expressions

Describe various types of conversion functions that are available in SQL 2

Use the TO_CHAR, TO_NUMBER, and TO_DATE conversion functions 2

Apply conditional expressions in a SELECT statement 2

reporting aggregated Data Using the Group Functions

Identify the available group functions 3

Describe the use of group functions 3

Group data by using the GROUP BY clause 3

Include or exclude grouped rows by using the HAVING clause 3

Displaying Data from Multiple tables

Write SELECT statements to access data from more than one table using

equijoins and nonequijoins

4 Join a table to itself by using a self-join 4

View data that generally does not meet a join condition by using outer joins 4

Generate a Cartesian product of all rows from two or more tables 4

Using Subqueries to Solve Queries

Define subqueries 4

Describe the types of problems that the subqueries can solve 4

List the types of subqueries 4

Write single-row and multiple-row subqueries 4

Describe set operators 4

Use a set operator to combine multiple queries into a single query 4

Control the order of rows returned 4

Manipulating Data

Describe each data manipulation language (DML) statement 5

Insert rows into a table 5

Update rows in a table 5

Delete rows from a table 5

Control transactions 5

Using DDL Statements to create and Manage tables

Categorize the main database objects 6

Review the table structure 6

List the data types that are available for columns 6

Create a simple table 6

Explain how constraints are created at the time of table creation 6

Describe how schema objects work 6

creating Other Schema Objects

Create simple and complex views 7

Retrieve data from views 7

Create, maintain, and use sequences 7

Create and maintain indexes 7

Create private and public synonyms 7

1Z0-052 Exam Objectives

exploring the Oracle Database architecture

Explain the Memory Structures 8

Describe the Process Structures 8

Overview of Storage Structures 8

preparing the Database environment

Identify the tools for Administering an Oracle Database 8

Plan an Oracle Database installation 8

Install the Oracle software by using Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) 8

Objective chapter

creating an Oracle Database

Create a database by using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) 9

Managing the Oracle instance

Setting database initialization parameters 9

Describe the stages of database startup and shutdown 9

Using alert log and trace files 9

Using data dictionary and dynamic performance views 9

configuring the Oracle Network environment

Configure and Manage the Oracle Network 11

Using the Oracle Shared Server architecture 11

Managing Database Storage Structures

Overview of tablespace and datafiles 10

Create and manage tablespaces 10

Space management in tablespaces 10

administering User Security

Create and manage database user accounts 12

Grant and revoke privileges 12

Create and manage roles 12

Create and manage profiles 12

Managing Schema Objects

Create and Modify tables 10

Manage Constraints 10

Create indexes 10

Create and use temporary tables 10

Managing Data and concurrency

Manage data using DML 13

Identify and administer PL/SQL objects 13

Monitor and resolve locking conflicts 13

Managing Undo Data

Overview of Undo 13

Transactions and undo data 13

implementing Oracle Database Security

Database Security and Principle of Least Privilege 12

Work with Standard Database Auditing 12

Use and manage optimizer statistics 14

Use and manage Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) 14

Use advisory framework 14

Manage Alerts and Thresholds 14

performance Management

Use Automatic Memory Management 14

Use Memory Advisors 14

Troubleshoot invalid and unusable objects 14

intelligent infrastructure enhancements

Use the Enterprise Manager Support Workbench 17

Managing Patches 17

backup and recovery concepts

Identify the types of failure that can occur in an Oracle database 16

Describe ways to tune instance recovery 16

Identify the importance of checkpoints, redo log files, and archived log files 15

Overview of flash recovery area 15

Configure ARCHIVELOG mode 15

performing Database backups

Create consistent database backups 15

Back up your database without shutting it down 15

Create incremental backups 15

Automate database backups 15

Manage backups, view backup reports and monitor the flash recovery area 15

performing Database recovery

Overview of Data Recovery Advisor 16

Use Data Recovery Advisor to Perform recovery (Control file, Redo log file,

and Data file)

Use Data Pump Export and Import to move data between Oracle databases 17

Database 11g

Administrator Certified Associate

Study Guide

Database 11g

Administrator Certified Associate

Study Guide

Biju Thomas

Acquisitions Editor: Jeff Kellum

Development Editor: Denise Santoro Lincoln

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Dear Reader,

Thank you for choosing OCA: Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate

Study Guide (1ZO-051 and 1ZO-052) This book is part of a family of premium-quality

Sybex books, all of which are written by outstanding authors who combine practical

experience with a gift for teaching

Sybex was founded in 1976 More than thirty years later, we’re still committed to

produc-ing consistently exceptional books With each of our titles we’re workproduc-ing hard to set a

new standard for the industry From the paper we print on, to the authors we work with,

our goal is to bring you the best books available

I hope you see all that reflected in these pages I’d be very interested to hear your

com-ments and get your feedback on how we’re doing Feel free to let me know what you think

about this or any other Sybex book by sending me an email at nedde@wiley.com, or if you

think you’ve found a technical error in this book, please visit http://sybex.custhelp.com

Customer feedback is critical to our efforts at Sybex

Best regards,

Neil Edde Vice President and Publisher Sybex, an Imprint of Wiley

To the loving memory of my father

To Joshua and Jeanette

Thanks first to Jeff Kellum and to Sybex for their faith in me to write this book I would also

like to thank the following wonderful people at Sybex for their support, patience with my

slipping schedules, and good work: Denise Santoro Lincoln (developmental editor) for her

valuable comments, thoughtful edits, patience, and making sure the chapters have a smooth

flow; Eric Charbonneau (production editor) for making sure the various pieces of the book tie

together; Candace English for proofreading; and Pete Gaughan for managing the project

I thank Kim Wimpsett (copy editor) for her edits and making sure the same standard is followed across the book I’m sure her edits made a difference to the look and feel of the chap-

ters I also thank Sybex and authors of the Introduction to Oracle9i SQL and Oracle

Data-base 10g Administration I study guides for letting me reuse content from their books.

I am very fortunate and honored to have Arup Nanda as the technical editor Thank you very much for all your valuable suggestions and for pointing out the errors and inaccuracies in

the book Your comments are invaluable Thank you, Bob Bryla, for tech-reviewing the book

and making sure the chapters are technically accurate

I could not have completed this book without the endless support and love of my wife, Shiji Thank you for engaging and taking care of the kids while I spent nights and weekends in

front of the computer

Last but not least, I thank all my colleagues and management at OneNeck IT Services for their friendship and support My special thanks to Joe Hanna for all the encouragement

About the Author

Biju Thomas is an Oracle 7.3, Oracle8, Oracle8i, Oracle9i, Oracle 10g, and Oracle 11g OCP

certified professional He is also a certified Oracle Database SQL Expert Biju has been

devel-oping and administering Oracle databases since 1993, starting with Oracle version 6 He is

a senior database consultant at OneNeck IT Services Corporation (www.oneneck.com) and

resides in Keller, Texas He maintains a website for DBAs at www.bijoos.com/oracle

Contents at a Glance

SQL Fundamentals I Assessment Test xxxv

Part I Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I 1

Chapter 1 Introducing SQL 3

Chapter 2 Using Single-Row Functions 63

Chapter 3 Using Group Functions 147

Chapter 4 Using Joins and Subqueries 197

Chapter 5 Manipulating Data 251

Chapter 6 Creating Tables and Constraints 287

Chapter 7 Creating Schema Objects 341

Part II Oracle Database 11g: Administration I 389

Chapter 8 Introducing Oracle Database 11g Components

Chapter 9 Creating an Oracle 11g Database 449

Chapter 10 Allocating Database Storage and Creating Schema Objects 523

Chapter 11 Understanding Network Architecture 591

Chapter 12 Implementing Security and Auditing 661

Chapter 13 Managing Data and Undo 717

Chapter 14 Maintaining the Database and Managing Performance 765

Chapter 15 Implementing Database Backups 839

Chapter 16 Recovering the Database 889

Chapter 17 Moving Data and Using EM Tools 935

Appendix About the Companion CD 1003

SQL Fundamentals I Assessment Test xxxv

Part I Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I 1

Chapter 1 Introducing SQL 3

Using the SELECT Statement 24

Answers to Review Questions 61

Chapter 2 Using Single-Row Functions 63

Single-Row Function Fundamentals 64Functions for NULL Handling 65Using Single-Row Character Functions 68Character Function Overview 68Character Function Descriptions 70Using Single-Row Numeric Functions 80Numeric Function Overview 80Numeric Function Descriptions 82Using Single-Row Date Functions 90

Using Other Single-Row Functions 123Miscellaneous-Function Overview 123Miscellaneous-Function Descriptions 124

Answers to Review Questions 144

Chapter 3 Using Group Functions 147

Group-Function Fundamentals 148Utilizing Aggregate Functions 149Grouping Data with GROUP BY 150Group-Function Overview 154Group-Function Descriptions: Part 1 156Group-Function Descriptions: Part 2 163Limiting Grouped Data with HAVING 176Creating Superaggregates with CUBE and ROLLUP 177

Answers to Review Questions 195

Chapter 4 Using Joins and Subqueries 197

Writing Multiple-Table Queries 198

Other Multiple-Table Queries 214

The UNION ALL Operator 218The INTERSECT Operator 219

Putting It All Together 219

Multiple-Row Subqueries 223Subquery Returns No Rows 226

Multiple-Column Subqueries 235Subqueries in Other DML Statements 236

Contents xvii

Answers to Review Questions 249

Chapter 5 Manipulating Data 251

Inserting Rows into a Table 253Updating Rows in a Table 259Deleting Rows from a Table 263

Answers to Review Questions 285

Chapter 6 Creating Tables and Constraints 287

Database Objects Overview 288

Summary 331

Answers to Review Questions 338

Chapter 7 Creating Schema Objects 341

Creating and Modifying Views 342Using Defined Column Names 344Creating Views with Errors 345Creating Read-Only Views 346Creating Constraints on Views 347

Answers to Review Questions 386

Part II Oracle Database 11g: Administration I 389

Chapter 8 Introducing Oracle Database 11g

Components and Architecture 391

Oracle Database Fundamentals 392

Oracle Storage Structures 415

Contents xix

Review the Documentation 424Review the System Requirements 424

Using the Oracle Universal Installer 430

Answers to Review Questions 446

Chapter 9 Creating an Oracle 11g Database 449

Using DBCA to Create Oracle 11g Databases 450Invoking the Database Configuration Assistant 451Configuring an Oracle Database Using the DBCA 481Deleting an Oracle Database Using the DBCA 482Managing Database Templates Using the DBCA 483

Working with Oracle 11g Metadata 485

Dynamic Performance Views 487Managing Initialization-Parameter Files 488Locating the Default Parameter File 493Modifying Initialization-Parameter Values 493Starting Up and Shutting Down an Oracle Instance 498Starting Up an Oracle 11g Database 498Shutting Down an Oracle 11g Database 503Monitoring the Database Alert Log 506

Answers to Review Questions 520

Chapter 10 Allocating Database Storage and Creating Schema

Performing Operations on Data Files 546Using the Oracle Managed Files Feature 550Querying Data-File Information 555

Working with Schema Objects 557

A Little Background on Creating Tables 557Working with Constraints 568

Answers to Review Questions 588

Chapter 11 Understanding Network Architecture 591

Introducing Network Configurations 592Single-Tier Architecture 593

The Oracle Easy Connect Method 628The Local Naming Method 629Troubleshooting Client-Side Connection Problems 635

An Overview of Oracle Shared Server 637Dedicated Server vs Shared Server 638Advantages and Disadvantages of Shared Server 640Oracle Shared Server Infrastructure 641PGA and SGA Changes When Using Oracle Shared Server 641The Role of the Listener in an Oracle Shared Server

Contents xxi

Chapter 12 Implementing Security and Auditing 661

Creating and Managing User Accounts 662Configuring Authentication 663Assigning Tablespaces and Quotas 664Assigning a Profile and Account Settings 666Removing a User from the Database 668Managing Default User Accounts 669Granting and Revoking Privileges 670Granting Object Privileges 670Granting System Privileges 674

Applying the Principle of Least Privilege 686Controlling Resource Usage by Users 688Implementing Password Security Features 691Auditing Database Activity 695Managing Statement Auditing 696Managing Privilege Auditing 701Managing Object Auditing 702Purging the Audit Trail 704Managing Fine-Grained Auditing 705

Answers to Review Questions 715

Chapter 13 Managing Data and Undo 717

Manipulating Data through SQL 718 Using the INSERT Statement 719Using the UPDATE Statement 721Using the MERGE Statement 722Using the DELETE Statement 723Identifying PL/SQL Objects 724

Working with Procedures 726

Working with Triggering Events and Managing Triggers 729Using and Administering PL/SQL Programs 733Monitoring Locks and Resolving Lock Conflicts 735Understanding Locks and Transactions 735Maximizing Data Concurrency 736Detecting and Resolving Lock Conflicts 739Leveraging Undo Management 743

Summary 755

Answers to Review Questions 762

Chapter 14 Maintaining the Database and

Managing Performance 765

Proactive Database Maintenance 766Managing Optimizer Statistics 767Gathering Performance Statistics 784Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitoring 792

Monitoring Server-Generated Alerts 802Understanding Automatic Diagnostic Repository 805

Answers to Review Questions 836

Chapter 15 Implementing Database Backups 839

Understanding and Configuring Recovery Components 840Understanding Control Files 841Understanding Checkpoints 846Understanding Redo Log Files 846Understanding Archived Redo Log (ARCHIVELOG) Files 854Understanding the Flash Recovery Area 859

Understanding Backup Terminology 862Backing Up the Control File 864Backing Up the Database 868Using RMAN to Create Backups 869

Contents xxiii

Chapter 16 Recovering the Database 889

Understanding Types of Database Failure 890

Answers to Review Questions 933

Chapter 17 Moving Data and Using EM Tools 935

Architecture of Data Pump 937Using Data Pump Clients 940Using the Data Pump Wizard 962Loading Data with SQL*Loader 967Specifying SQL*Loader Command-Line Parameters 968Specifying Control File Options 970

Populating External Tables 974Loading External Tables Using Data Pump 975Loading External Tables Using Loader 977Using EM Support Workbench 978

Gathering Additional Diagnostic Information 981Creating a Service Request 981Packaging Diagnostic Data 983

Using EM to Manage Patches 986Using the Patch Advisor 988Viewing the Patch Cache 990Finding the Patch Prerequisites 991

Answers to Review Questions 1001

Appendix About the Companion CD 1003

What You’ll Find on the CD 1004

There is high demand for professionals in the information technology (IT) industry, and Oracle certifications are the hottest credential in the database world You have made the

right decision to pursue certification, because being Oracle Database 11g certified will give

you a distinct advantage in this highly competitive market

Many readers may already be familiar with Oracle and do not need an introduction to Oracle databases Oracle, founded in 1977, sold the first commercial relational database and is now the world’s leading database company and second-largest independent software company with annual revenues of more than $22 billion, and is headquartered in Redwood City, California

Oracle databases are the de facto standard for large Internet sites and mission-critical enterprise applications Oracle advertisers are boastful but honest when they proclaim,

“The Internet runs on Oracle.” Almost all the big Internet sites run on Oracle databases

Oracle’s penetration of the database market runs deep and is not limited to Internet mentations Enterprise resource planning (ERP) application suites, data warehouses, and custom applications at many large and medium companies rely on Oracle The demand for DBA resources remains higher than others during weak economic times

imple-This book is intended to help you on your exciting path toward becoming an Oracle

Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate (OCA), which is the first step on the path

toward the Oracle Certified Professional (OCP) and Oracle Certified Master (OCM) tifications This book covers the two exams required for the OCA certification Using this

cer-book and a practice database, you can start learning Oracle 11g and pass the Oracle base 11g: SQL Fundamentals I (1Z0-051) and Oracle Database 11g: Administration I (1Z0-

Data-052) exams

Why Become Oracle Certified?

The number-one reason to become OCA or OCP certified is to gain more visibility and greater access to the industry’s most challenging opportunities Oracle certification is the best way to demonstrate your knowledge and skills in Oracle database systems

Certification is proof of your knowledge and shows that you have the skills required to support Oracle core products The Oracle certification program can help a company iden-tify proven performers who have demonstrated their skills and who can support the compa-ny’s investment in Oracle technology It demonstrates that you have a solid understanding

of your job role and the Oracle products used in that role

The certification tests are scenario-based, which is the most effective way to assess your hands-on expertise and critical problem-solving skills OCPs are among the best paid in the

IT industry Salary surveys consistently show the OCP certification to yield higher salaries than the other certifications, including Microsoft, Novell, and Cisco

So, whether you are beginning a career, changing careers, securing your current

posi-Oracle Certifications

Oracle certifications follow a track that is oriented toward a job role The certification

tracks are Database, Middleware, Applications, and Linux Within each track, Oracle has

a tiered certification program of OCA and OCP Only the Database track has OCM

The Database track is clearly for the database administrator job role The Middleware

track has certifications on many products, such as Oracle 10g Application Server, Oracle

Essbase, Oracle Forms, Oracle PL/SQL, Oracle WebLogic, and Service-Oriented

Archi-tecture (SOA) and is intended for application developers, system administrators, consultants,

and architects

The Applications track is for ERP administrators and functional consultants This track covers the Oracle E-Business Suite, Siebel, Hyperion, and PeopleSoft applications The

Linux track is for Linux administrators

For the latest certification information on all of Oracle certification paths, please visit the Oracle website at http://education.oracle.com/pls/web_

prod-plq-dad/db_pages.getpage?page_id=39&p_org_id=1001&lang=US.

The role of database administrator (DBA) has become a key to success in today’s highly complex database systems The best DBAs work behind the scenes but are in the spotlight

when critical issues arise They plan, create, maintain, and ensure that the database is

avail-able for the business They have tools to proactively monitor the database for performance

issues and to prevent unscheduled downtime The DBA’s job requires a broad understanding

of the architecture of Oracle Database and an expertise in solving problems

Sybex has Oracle certification study guides for the Database track In the following

sec-tions, I’ll introduce you to the different tiers in the Oracle Database 11g certification track

Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate

The Oracle Certified Associate (OCA) credential is the first step toward achieving the Oracle

Certified Professional (OCP) certification OCA shows that you have the fundamental

knowledge and skills to support an Oracle 11g database This certification requires you to

pass two exams that demonstrate your Oracle basics:

Introduction xxvii

You can take the 1Z0-051 exam at a testing location or from your home using the Internet The 1Z0-052 test is offered only at a Prometric facility

To register for the test or find the location of a testing center, visit Prometric

at www.prometric.com/oracle, or call 1-800-891-3926 At the time of writing this book, the exam fee was $95 USD for the online exam and $125 USD for the in-facility exam.

Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Professional

The Oracle Certified Professional credential shows that you have the skill and technical expertise to manage and implement enterprise databases The OCP tier challenges you to demonstrate your continuing experience and knowledge of Oracle technologies The Oracle

Database 11g Administrator Certified Professional certification requires you to have the

OCA certification as well as to pass the following exam at a Prometric facility

You should verify the list of approved hands-on course at the Oracle versity website at http://education.oracle.com/pls/web_prod-plq-dad/

Uni-db_pages.getpage?page_id=244#5 This list may change without notice.

Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Master

The highest level of certification available in any track is the Oracle Certified Master

The OCM certification credential shows that you have the highest level of expertise in an

Oracle product To become an Oracle Certified Master, you must first achieve OCP status

and then complete two advanced instructor-led classes at an Oracle University facility You

must also pass a hands-on examination at an Oracle University facility At the time of

writ-ing this book, the Oracle Database 11g Certified Master exam has not been released yet.

More Information and Resources

You can find most current information about Oracle certifications at www.oracle.com/

global/us/education/certification You may be asked to choose your country of

resi-dence before being directed to the site Follow the links under Certifications to choose the

track and learn more

Choose the Database track to view the different certification versions available Choose

Oracle 11g Administrator Certified Associate, and then click the test to learn more about

the test contents, the objectives covered on the test, and the passing score You can also

reg-ister for the test here

Oracle also provides sample practice questions for the OCA and OCP exams You

can find Oracle Database 11g SQL Fundamentals I exam practice questions at www.oracle

you learn from this book

Oracle provides training series with step-by-step instructions to perform a variety of Oracle

Database 11g tasks You can find the Oracle by example (OBE) tutorial at www.oracle.com/

technology/obe/11gr1_db/otn_all_db11gr1.html

The Oracle Technology Network (www.oracle.com/technology/index.html) is also

a great resource for database administrators and developers You can read articles, view

sample code, access documentation, participate in forums, and, most important, download

a trial version of Oracle Database 11g and other Oracle products.

Introduction xxix

OCA/OCP Study Guides

The Oracle Database 11g administration certification consists of three tests: two for

OCA and one for OCP Sybex offers study guides to help you achieve OCA and OCP certification:

OCA: Oracle Database 11

N

N g Administrator Certified Associate Study Guide (ISBN 9780470395127) covers the exams Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I (1Z0- 051) and Oracle Database 11g: Administration I (1Z0-052).

OCP: Oracle Database 11

N

N g Administrator Certified Professional Study Guide (ISBN 9780470395134) covers the exam Oracle Database 11g: Administration II

(1Z0-053)

These two books are offered in a boxed set as OCP: Oracle Database 11g

Administra-tor Certified Professional Certification Kit (ISBN 9780470395141).

Oracle Exam Requirements

The Oracle Database 11g Database Administrator Certified Associate certification tests

your basic SQL skills for the SQL exam and your database architecture and administration skills for the DBA exam The SQL exam tests your knowledge of writing SQL and using the

functions available in Oracle 11g The Administration I exam concentrates on the ture and the basic administration of Oracle 11g database The following sections detail the

architec-skills needed to pass the SQL Fundamentals I and Administration I exams

N SELECT statements that display data from one or more tables

Join tables using ANSI syntax and Oracle traditional syntax

N N

Restrict, sort, and aggregate data using single-row, conversion, and group functions

N N

Write subqueries and queries using

N

Manipulate data via insert, update, and delete

N N

Create and manage tables, indexes, views, synonyms, and sequences

N N

OCA Admin I (1Z0-052) Requirements

To pass the Oracle Database 11g Administration I exam, you must have the following

N g software and create a database.

Use the Database Configuration Assistant and Enterprise Manager Database Control

space allocation and growth

Use the data dictionary views and set database parameters

Tips for Taking the OCA Exams

The following tips will help you prepare for and pass each exam:

Each OCP test consists of about 70 questions to be completed in 90 (120 for the SQL

N

N

exam) minutes Answer the questions you are sure of first, before you run out of time

Mark the difficult questions or the ones you are not sure of and return to them later

Many questions on the exam have answer choices that at first glance look

Introduction xxxi

You should be familiar with the exam objectives, which are included at the beginning of each chapter Please check the objectives listing on the Oracle University website (http://education.oracle.com/pls/web_prod-plq-dad/

db_pages.getpage?page_id=244#5) for any changes or updates The detail page for each exam shows the passing score, the number of questions, the minutes allocated, and any exam fees or other requirements.

What Is Covered in This Book

This book covers everything you need to pass the Oracle Database 11g Certified Associate

exams Part I includes the first eight chapters that cover the objectives for the Oracle

Data-base 11g SQL Fundamentals I exam Part II of the book includes the remaining 10 chapters that cover the objectives for the Oracle Database 11g Administration I exam.

Part I: Oracle Database 11g SQL Fundamentals I

Chapter 1: Introducing SQL introduces you to writing simple queries using the SELECT

statement It also introduces you to filtering and sorting data

Chapter 2: Using Single-Row Functions discusses the single-row functions and

conver-sion functions available in Oracle 11g, with details on how and where to use them.

Chapter 3: Using Group Functions explains data aggregations, Oracle’s built-in group

function, and how to nest functions

Chapter 4: Using Joins and Subqueries explains how data from multiple tables can be

related via joins, subqueries, and SET operators

Chapter 5: Manipulating Data explores how to manipulate data—adding, removing,

and updating data The chapter also covers how transaction control works

Chapter 6: Creating Tables and Constraints explains how to create and manage tables

and constraints It also discusses the various data types available in Oracle 11g to

store data

Chapter 7: Creating Schema Objects introduces you to creating and managing views,

sequences, and synonyms

Part II: Oracle Database 11g Administration I

Chapter 8: Introducing Oracle Database 11g Components and Architecture is the first

chapter to read if you’re studying for the Administration I exam This chapter

intro-duces you to the Oracle 11g database architecture and how to install the Oracle 11g

software

Chapter 9: Creating an Oracle 11g Database explains how you can create an Oracle

11g database It discusses the initialization parameters, stages of database startup and

shutdown, where to find log and trace files, and how to use the data dictionary

Chapter 10: Allocating Database Storage and Creating Schema Objects explores the

logical and physical storage of the database You will learn space management and the various types of tablespaces This chapter also talks about creating and managing tables and constraints, but does not repeat what was covered in Chapter 6

Chapter 11: Understanding Network Architecture introduces you to the Oracle Net

configuration and setup You will learn to set up network architecture on the server and client

Chapter 12: Implementing Security and Auditing shows how you can secure your

database using privileges, profiles, and roles You will also learn how to audit database usage

Chapter 13: Managing Data and Undo shows you how you can add, update, and

remove data from tables as well as how transactions work It also introduces you to undo data and undo management Be sure to read Chapter 5 before you read this chapter

Chapter 14: Maintaining the Database and Managing Performance explores the tools

available in Oracle 11g to manage the performance of the database You will learn

about optimizer statistics, Automatic Workload Repository, various advisors, and Automatic Memory Management

Chapter 15: Implementing Database Backups introduces you to the backup

architec-ture concepts It discusses the various backup modes and how to use RMAN

Chapter 16: Recovering the Database explores the various recovery scenarios and how

best to get the data back It introduces you to the Data Recovery Advisor, a new tool in

Oracle 11g that helps in finding the recovery-related errors in the database, gives you

advice, and helps you recover the database

Chapter 17: Moving Data and Using EM Tools introduces you to two tools available

in Oracle 11g to move and load data: Data Pump and SQL*Loader This chapter also

covers the intelligent infrastructure of Enterprise Manager that helps DBAs manage patches and contact Oracle Support

Each chapter ends with review questions that are specifically designed to help you retain the knowledge presented To really nail down your skills, read and answer each question

carefully

Introduction xxxiii

How to Use This Book

This book provides a solid foundation for the serious effort of preparing for the Oracle 11g

Certified Associate exams To best benefit from the book, use the following study method:

1. Take the assessment test immediately following this introduction (the answers are at the end of the test) Carefully read the explanations for any questions you get wrong, and note in which chapters the material is covered This information should help you plan the study strategy

2. Study each chapter carefully, making sure you fully understand the information and the test objectives listed at the beginning of each chapter Pay close attention to any chapter related to questions you missed on the assessment test

3. Complete all examples in the chapter, referring to the chapter so that you understand

the reason for each step you take It is best to have an Oracle 11g database available to

try the examples and code provided in the book Answer the review questions related

6. Answer all the flashcard questions on the CD

Remember to use the products on the CD included with this book The electronic flashcards and Sybex test engine exam-preparation software have been specifically designed to help you study and pass your exams.

To learn all the material covered in this book, you will need to apply yourself regularly and with discipline Try to set the same time period every day to study, and select a com-fortable and quiet place to do so If you work hard, you will be surprised at how quickly you learn this material All the best!

The companion CD is home to all the demo files, samples, and bonus resources mentioned in the book See the CD appendix for more details on the contents and how to access them.

How to Contact the Author

I welcome feedback from you about this book or about books you’d like to see from me

in the future You can reach me by writing to biju.thomas.sybex@gmail.com For more

information about database administration and Oracle 11g, please visit my website at www

bijoos.com/oracle

Sybex strives to keep you supplied with the latest tools and information you need for your work Please check the website at www.sybex.com, where we’ll post additional content,

errata, and updates that supplement this book if the need arises Enter OCA Oracle 11g

in the Search box (or type the book’s ISBN—9780470395127), and click Go to get to the

book’s update page