AbaqusCAE is a complete Abaqus environment that provides a simple, consistent interface for creating, submitting, monitoring, and evaluating results from AbaqusStandard and AbaqusExplicit simulations. AbaqusCAE is divided into modules, where each module defines a logical aspect of the modeling process; for example, defining the geometry, defining material properties, and generating a mesh. As you move from module to module, you build the model from which AbaqusCAE generates an input file that you submit to the AbaqusStandard or AbaqusExplicit analysis product. The analysis product performs the analysis, sends information to AbaqusCAE to allow you to monitor the progress of the job, and generates an output database. Finally, you use the Visualization module of AbaqusCAE (also licensed separately as AbaqusViewer) to read the output database and view the results of your analysis.
Trang 1Abaqus 6.11
Abaqus/CAE User’s Manual
Trang 3User’s Manual
Trang 4Dassault Systèmes and its subsidiaries, including Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp., shall not be responsible for the accuracy or usefulness of any analysis performed using the Abaqus Software or the procedures, examples, or explanations in this documentation Dassault Systèmes and its subsidiaries shall not
be responsible for the consequences of any errors or omissions that may appear in this documentation.
The Abaqus Software is available only under license from Dassault Systèmes or its subsidiary and may be used or reproduced only in accordance with the terms of such license This documentation is subject to the terms and conditions of either the software license agreement signed by the parties, or, absent such an agreement, the then current software license agreement to which the documentation relates.
This documentation and the software described in this documentation are subject to change without prior notice.
No part of this documentation may be reproduced or distributed in any form without prior written permission of Dassault Systèmes or its subsidiary The Abaqus Software is a product of Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp., Providence, RI, USA.
Trang 5SIMULIA European Headquarters Stationsplein 8-K, 6221 BT Maastricht, The Netherlands, Tel: +31 43 7999 084,
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Complete contact information is available at http://www.simulia.com/locations/locations.html.
Trang 6Both technical engineering support (for problems with creating a model or performing an analysis) andsystems support (for installation, licensing, and hardware-related problems) for Abaqus are offered through
a network of local support offices Regional contact information is listed in the front of each Abaqus manual
and is accessible from the Locations page at www.simulia.com.
Support for SIMULIA products
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us by means outside the system to discuss an existing support problem and you know the incident or supportrequest number, please mention it so that we can consult the database to see what the latest action has been
Many questions about Abaqus can also be answered by visiting the Products page and the Support
page at www.simulia.com
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or representative
Feedback
We welcome any suggestions for improvements to Abaqus software, the support program, or documentation
We will ensure that any enhancement requests you make are considered for future releases If you wish tomake a suggestion about the service or products, refer to www.simulia.com Complaints should be addressed
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Trang 7Contents
Trang 86 Selecting objects within the viewport
Understanding the files generated by creating and analyzing a model 9.4
Importing files into and exporting files from Abaqus/CAE 10.1
A logical approach to successful import of IGES files 10.6
Trang 9Modeling rigid bodies and display bodies 11.7
Using the Sketcher in conjunction with the Part module 11.15
Understanding integrated, restart, diagnostic, and monitor output 14.5
How can I customize the Abaqus analysis controls? 14.7
Trang 1015 The Interaction module
Understanding Interaction module managers and editors 15.9Understanding symbols that represent interactions, constraints, and connectors 15.10
Understanding symbols that represent prescribed conditions 16.5
Understanding the role of the Optimization module 18.1
Trang 11Entering and exiting the Optimization module 18.2
Overview of adhesive joint and bonded interface modeling 21.1Embedding cohesive elements in an existing three-dimensional mesh 21.2Creating a model with cohesive elements using geometry and mesh tools 21.3Defining tie constraints between the cohesive layer and the surrounding bulk material 21.4
Trang 1223 Composite layups
Creating the connector geometry, connector sections, and connector section assignments 24.6What is the relationship between reference points and connectors? 24.7Defining connector orientations in connector section assignments 24.8
Applying connector loads and connector boundary conditions 24.10Displaying connectors in the Visualization module 24.11
Linking and excluding part instances for co-simulations 26.3
Specifying the interface region and coupling schemes 26.5Identifying the models involved and specifying job parameters 26.6
Displaying display bodies in the Visualization module 27.3
Trang 1328 Eulerian analyses
Assembling coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian models in Abaqus/CAE 28.2
Specifying prescribed conditions for a fluid model 30.4
Trang 14Managing load cases 34.2
Generating elements on a skin or stringer reinforcement 36.4Assigning element types to skin or stringer reinforcements 36.5Using offset meshes to create skin reinforcements 36.6Assigning surface properties to skins and stringers 36.7
Specifying the retained nodal degrees of freedom and load cases for a substructure 39.3
Trang 15Recovering field output for substructures 39.7
Understanding the role of the Visualization module 40.1
Understanding toolsets in the Visualization module 40.4
Customizing the display of steps and frames in the results 42.3
Creating coordinate systems during postprocessing 42.7
Trang 1646 Plotting material orientations
Customizing the appearance of theX–Y plot legend 47.9Customizing border and fill colors for anX–Y plot 47.10
Producing and customizing an object-based animation 49.2
Overview of Query toolset in the Visualization module 50.1
Trang 1754 Generating tabular data reports
Customizing render style, translucency, and fill color 55.2
Controlling the display of constraints in the Visualization module 55.11
58 The Analytical Field toolset
Displaying symbols for interactions and prescribed conditions that use analytical fields 58.4
Trang 1860 The CAD Connection toolset
Updating geometry parameters in an imported model 60.2
63 The Discrete Field toolset
What is the difference between editing an orphan mesh part, a meshed part, and a
66 The Filter toolset
Applying bounding values to field and history data 66.2
Resultant forces and moments on free body cuts in Abaqus/CAE 67.1
Trang 1968 The Options toolset
Customizing memory limits and regeneration options 68.1
70 The Partition toolset
Understanding the role of the Set and Surface toolsets 73.1
What can I do with a part or a part instance containing virtual topology? 75.3
Creating virtual topology based on geometric parameters 75.5
Trang 20PART VII CUSTOMIZING MODEL DISPLAY
Controlling the display of individual coordinate systems 76.10
Trang 21Where can I get plug-ins? 81.2
Symbols used to represent interactions, constraints, and connectors C.2Symbols used to represent special engineering features C.3
Trang 23Abaqus/CAE is a complete Abaqus environment that provides a simple, consistent interface for creating,submitting, monitoring, and evaluating results from Abaqus/Standard and Abaqus/Explicit simulations.Abaqus/CAE is divided into modules, where each module defines a logical aspect of the modelingprocess; for example, defining the geometry, defining material properties, and generating a mesh Asyou move from module to module, you build the model from which Abaqus/CAE generates an inputfile that you submit to the Abaqus/Standard or Abaqus/Explicit analysis product The analysis productperforms the analysis, sends information to Abaqus/CAE to allow you to monitor the progress of thejob, and generates an output database Finally, you use the Visualization module of Abaqus/CAE (alsolicensed separately as Abaqus/Viewer) to read the output database and view the results of your analysis
Abaqus/Viewer
Abaqus/Viewer provides graphical display of Abaqus finite element models and results Abaqus/Viewer
is incorporated into Abaqus/CAE as the Visualization module
This part of the manual introduces you to the Abaqus/CAE working environment The following topicsare covered:
• Chapter 1, “Using this manual”
• Chapter 2, “The basics of interacting with Abaqus/CAE”
• Chapter 3, “Understanding Abaqus/CAE windows, dialog boxes, and toolboxes”
• Chapter 4, “Managing viewports on the canvas”
• Chapter 5, “Manipulating the view and controlling perspective”
• Chapter 6, “Selecting objects within the viewport”
• Chapter 7, “Configuring graphics display options”
• Chapter 8, “Printing viewports”
Trang 251 Using this manual
This manual is a reference guide to using Abaqus/CAE The portable document format (PDF) version ofthis manual provides basic information about the capabilities of Abaqus/CAE in a printer-friendly form.The online HTML version of this manual contains the same information as the PDF version as well asdetailed, step-by-step instructions for using each of the Abaqus/CAE functions The detailed instructionsare also available as context-sensitive help For information on displaying the online information, see
“Getting help,” Section 2.6
This chapter provides information about the contents of this manual and the typographicalconventions used The following topics are covered:
• “Overview of this manual,” Section 1.1
• “Typographical conventions,” Section 1.2
• “Basic mouse actions,” Section 1.3
This manual is a reference guide to using Abaqus/CAE (including Abaqus/Viewer, a subset ofAbaqus/CAE that contains only the Visualization module) In general, any references to theVisualization module throughout this manual apply equally to Abaqus/Viewer
The Abaqus/CAE user interface is very intuitive and allows you to begin working without a greatdeal of preparation However, you may find it useful to read through the tutorials at the end of the onlineversion of the Getting Started with Abaqus: Interactive Edition manual before using the product for thefirst time Only Appendix D, “Viewing the Output from Your Analysis,” of Getting Started with Abaqus:Interactive Edition applies if you are running Abaqus/Viewer
This manual is divided into the following parts:
• Part I, “Interacting with Abaqus/CAE,” contains general information on the user interface
• Part II, “Working with Abaqus/CAE model databases, models, and files,” contains information onthe various files created by and used with Abaqus/CAE
• Part III, “Creating and analyzing a model using the Abaqus/CAE modules,” discusses each of theAbaqus/CAE modules in detail, except the Visualization module
• Part IV, “Modeling techniques,” discusses how to define special engineering features in anAbaqus/CAE model and discusses modeling techniques that span multiple Abaqus/CAE modules
• Part V, “Viewing results,” discusses the Visualization module (Abaqus/Viewer) in detail
• Part VI, “Using toolsets,” contains information on the toolsets in all Abaqus/CAE modules exceptthe Visualization module (discussed in Part V, “Viewing results”)
Trang 26• Part VII, “Customizing model display,” contains customization information
• Part VIII, “Using plug-ins,” discusses how you can use plug-ins and the Plug-in toolset to extendthe capabilities of Abaqus/CAE
Appendix A, “Keyword support,” provides tables that you can use to determine which Abaqus/CAEmodule embodies the functionality of a particular Abaqus keyword, as well as whether a particularkeyword is supported Appendix B, “Special element types,” lists element types used in Abaqus formodel features that are not part of the mesh Appendix C, “Special graphical symbols,” explains how tointerpret the special graphical symbols used by Abaqus/CAE Appendix D, “Element and output variablesupport,” lists the Abaqus output variables that are not supported by the Visualization module
This manual adheres to a set of typographical conventions so that you can recognize actions and items.The following list illustrates each of the conventions:
• Text you enter from the keyboard or that Abaqus/CAE outputs: crankshaft_steel, 1.35E10
• Labels of items on the screen: Job Manager
• Keyboard actions: [Shift]
• Keystroke combinations (two keys that must be pressed simultaneously):[Alt]+F
• Compound keyboard/mouse actions: [Shift]+Click
• Text indicating that the user has a choice: odb_file, Options→ plot state
• Menu selections and tabs within dialog boxes:
View →Graphics Options→Hardware
Figure 1–1 shows the mouse button orientation for a left-handed and a right-handed 3-button mouse.Thefollowing terms describe actions you perform using the mouse:
Trang 27left-handedmouse
1 2 3 1
2 3
Press and hold the[Ctrl]key, click mouse button 1, and then release the[Ctrl]key
Abaqus/CAE is designed for use with a 3-button mouse Accordingly, this manual refers to mousebuttons 1, 2, and 3 as shown in Figure 1–1 However, you can use Abaqus/CAE with a 2-button mouse
as follows:
• The two mouse buttons are equivalent to mouse buttons 1 and 3 on a 3-button mouse
• Pressing both mouse buttons simultaneously is equivalent to pressing mouse button 2 on a 3-buttonmouse
Tip: You are instructed to click mouse button 2 in procedures throughout this manual Makesure that you configure mouse button 2 (or the wheel button) to act as a middle button click
Trang 292 The basics of interacting with Abaqus/CAE
Before you can begin creating and analyzing a model or interpreting analysis results, it is helpful tobecome familiar with the basics of interacting with Abaqus/CAE This chapter introduces you to theuser interface The following topics are covered:
• “Starting and exiting Abaqus/CAE,” Section 2.1
• “Overview of the main window,” Section 2.2
• “What is a module?,” Section 2.3
• “What is a toolset?,” Section 2.4
• “Using the mouse with Abaqus/CAE,” Section 2.5
• “Getting help,” Section 2.6
This section explains how to start and how to exit Abaqus/CAE
When you create a model and analyze it, Abaqus/CAE generates a set of files containing the definition
of your model, the analysis input, and the results of the analysis In addition, Abaqus/CAE andAbaqus/Viewer generate replay files that reflect all your interactions with the application Consequently,before you run either product, you should move to a directory where you have permission to create files
You execute Abaqus/CAE (or Abaqus/Viewer) by running the abaqus execution procedure and specifying the cae (or viewer) parameter:
abaqus cae or viewer [database=database-file] [replay=replay-file] [recover=journal-file]
[startup=startup-file] [script=script-file] [noGUI=noGUI-file][noenvstartup] [noSavedOptions] [noSavedGuiOptions][noStartupDialog] [custom=script-file] [guiTester=[GUI-script] ][guiRecord] [guiNoRecord]
You can include the following options on the command line:
Trang 30file extension in your file name If you are running Abaqus/Viewer, you can omit the odb file
extension
replay
This option specifies the name of the file from which Abaqus/CAE commands are to be replayed
The commands in replay-file will execute immediately upon startup of Abaqus/CAE You cannot
use the replay option to execute a script with control flow statements For more information, see
“Replaying an Abaqus/CAE session,” Section 9.5.1
recover
This option specifies the name of the file from which a model database is to be rebuilt;
it is not available if you are running Abaqus/Viewer The commands in journal-file
(model_database_name.jnl) will execute immediately upon startup of Abaqus/CAE. Formore information, see “Recreating a saved model database,” Section 9.5.2, and “Recreating anunsaved model database,” Section 9.5.3
startup
This option specifies the name of the file containing Python configuration commands to be run atapplication startup Commands in this file are run after any configuration commands that have beenset in the environment file Abaqus/CAE does not echo the commands to the replay file when theyare executed
script
This option specifies the name of the file containing Python configuration commands to be run atapplication startup Commands in this file are run after any configuration commands that have beenset in the environment file
Arguments can be passed into the file by entering on the command line, followed by the
arguments separated by one or more spaces These arguments will be ignored by the Abaqus/CAEexecution procedure, but they will be accessible within the script
noGUI
This option specifies the name of a file containing Python scripts to be run without the graphical userinterface (GUI) This option is useful for automating pre- or post-analysis processing tasks withoutthe added expense of running a display Since no interface is provided, the scripts cannot includeany user interaction Abaqus/CAE runs the commands in the file and exits upon their completion If
no file extension is given, the default extension is py If you use the noGUI option, Abaqus/CAE
ignores any other command line options that you provide
Arguments can be passed into the file by entering on the command line, followed by the
arguments separated by one or more spaces These arguments will be ignored by the Abaqus/CAEexecution procedure, but they will be accessible within the Python script If you are using the
noGUIoption, you can use an argument to pass in a variable that would otherwise be provided by
Trang 31a command line option For example, you can pass in the name of a file that would otherwise be
specified by the script option.
A sample usage of the noGUI option is available in “Abaqus/CAE execution,” Section 3.2.4
of the Abaqus Analysis User’s Manual
noenvstartup
This option specifies that all configuration commands in the environment files should not be run at
application startup This option can be used in conjunction with the startup command to suppress all configuration commands except for those in the startup file.
noSavedOptions
This option specifies that Abaqus/CAE should not apply the display options settings (for example,
the render style and the display of datum planes) stored in the abaqus_v6.11.gpr file For more information, see “Working with abaqus_v6.11.gpr files,” Section 2.1.3, and “Saving
your display options settings,” Section 76.16
guiTester
This option starts a separate user interface containing the Abaqus Python development environmentalong with Abaqus/CAE or Abaqus/Viewer The Abaqus Python development environment allowsyou to create, edit, step through, and debug Python scripts For more information, see Part III, “TheAbaqus Python development environment,” of the Abaqus Scripting User’s Manual
You can specify a script as the argument for this option, which prompts Abaqus/CAE orAbaqus/Viewer to run a GUI script Abaqus/CAE or Abaqus/Viewer closes when the end of thescript is reached
guiRecord
This option enables you to record your actions in the Abaqus/CAE or Abaqus/Viewer user interface
in a file named abaqus.guiLog Creating a record of your actions in the GUI can help you
Trang 32capture and replay common activities in Abaqus/CAE or Abaqus/Viewer for demonstration or
training purposes You can replicate all of the actions from a guiLog file in Abaqus/CAE or
Abaqus/Viewer by running the file in the Abaqus Python Development Environment (PDE); formore information, see “Running a script,” Section 7.3.2 of the Abaqus Scripting User’s Manual
If desired, you can set guiRecord at startup by using the environment variable
ABQ_CAE_GUIRECORD The guiRecord option cannot be used with the guiTester option.
Create Model Database: With Standard/Explicit Model
Use this option (not available if you are running Abaqus/Viewer) to begin a new Abaqus/Standard
or Abaqus/Explicit analysis (equivalent to choosing File→New Model Database→With
Standard/Explicit Modelfrom the main menu bar)
Create Model Database: With CFD Model
Use this option (not available if you are running Abaqus/Viewer) to begin a new Abaqus/CFD
analysis (equivalent to choosing File→New Model Database→With CFD Model from the main
menu bar)
Open Database
Use this option to open a previously saved model database or output database file (equivalent to
choosing File→Open from the main menu bar).
Run Script
Use this option to run a file containing Abaqus/CAE commands (equivalent to choosing File→Run
Script from the main menu bar) For more information, see “Creating and running your ownscripts,” Section 9.5.4
Start Tutorial
Use this option to begin an introductory tutorial from the online documentation (equivalent to
choosing Help→Getting Started from the main menu bar).
Recent Files
Use this option to open one of the five model database files or output database files that were most
recently opened in Abaqus/CAE (equivalent to choosing one of the recent files listed under the File
menu)
Trang 332.1.2 Exiting an Abaqus/CAE session
You can exit the Abaqus/CAE session at any time by selecting File→Exit from the main menu bar If
you made any changes to the current model database, Abaqus/CAE asks if you want to save the changesbefore exiting the session Abaqus/CAE then closes the current model or output database and all windowsand exits the session
Abaqus/CAE saves your GUI settings; for example, the size of the main window and the size
and location of dialog boxes For more information, see “Working with abaqus_v6.11.gpr files,”
Section 2.1.3, and “Understanding Abaqus/CAE GUI settings,” Section 3.6 In addition, Abaqus/CAE
automatically creates a file called abaqus.rpy that records your operations during the session; you
can use this file to reproduce your operations For more information on reproducing operations and onrecovering interrupted sessions, see “Recreating an unsaved model database,” Section 9.5.3
The abaqus_v6.11.gpr file in your home directory stores GUI settings (such as the size of the main
window) as well as display options settings (such as the render style) You can also store display options
settings in an abaqus_v6.11.gpr file in a directory other than your home directory If you start Abaqus/CAE with noSavedOptions specified, Abaqus/CAE does not apply the display options settings (for example, the render style and the display of datum planes) stored in the abaqus_v6.11.gpr file.
For more information, see “Starting Abaqus/CAE (or Abaqus/Viewer),” Section 2.1.1
When you start Abaqus/CAE
• GUI settings are read from the abaqus_v6.11.gpr file in your home directory.
• Display options settings are read from the abaqus_v6.11.gpr file in the directory from
which you start Abaqus/CAE
– If no abaqus_v6.11.gpr file is present but a gpr file from an earlier release exists
in that directory, Abaqus/CAE attempts to apply the settings specified in that file and
creates an abaqus_v6.11.gpr file to store the settings.
– If no gpr file is present in that directory, the display options settings are read from the
During an Abaqus/CAE session
You can use File→Save Display Options to save display options settings to the
information, see “Saving your display options settings,” Section 76.16 This save option does notapply to GUI settings
Trang 34When you exit Abaqus/CAE
Your GUI settings are saved automatically to the abaqus_v6.11.gpr file in your home
directory For more information, see “Understanding Abaqus/CAE GUI settings,” Section 3.6
You can edit the abaqus_v6.11.gpr file using API commands in the Abaqus Scripting Interface;
for more information, see “Editing display preferences and GUI settings,” Section 8.4 of the AbaqusScripting User’s Manual You can also delete the file to restore the default GUI and display optionssettings
Abaqus/CAE and Abaqus/Viewer include an inactivity timer If the applications are left inactive for anextended period of time, the license tokens are returned to the server to make them available to otherusers Your session does not end if the server connection is lost or if new license tokens cannot beacquired Instead, when no licenses are available a dialog box appears listing your options For bothAbaqus/CAE and Abaqus/Viewer you can attempt to reacquire a license or you can exit the application.For Abaqus/CAE you also have the option to save the current model database Saving the model allowsyou to preserve any completed model information that you did not already save; any partially completedinformation, such as for a procedure that was active at the time the license was lost, is not saved Onceyou have saved the model database, only the reacquire and exit options remain in the dialog box Thesave option is not provided in Abaqus/Viewer since all changes that affect the output database are savedimmediately when you make them
The default time limit is 60 minutes You can change the time limit by using the cae_timeout environment variable in the Abaqus environment file (abaqus_v6.env) For additional information
on the environment file, see “Using the Abaqus environment file,” Section 4.1 of the Abaqus Installationand Licensing Guide
This section provides an overview of the main window and explains how to operate and manipulate theelements of the window during a session
You interact with Abaqus/CAE through the main window, and the appearance of the window changes
as you work through the modeling process Figure 2–1 shows the components that appear in the mainwindow The components are:
Trang 35Figure 2–1 Components of the main window.
Toolbars
The toolbars provide quick access to items that are also available in the menus For moreinformation, see “Components of the toolbars,” Section 2.2.3
Trang 36Context bar
Abaqus/CAE is divided into a set of modules, where each module allows you to work on one aspect
of your model; the Module list in the context bar allows you to move between these modules Other
items in the context bar are a function of the module you are working in For example, the contextbar allows you to retrieve an existing part while creating the geometry of the model or to changethe output database associated with the current viewport Similarly, in the Mesh module you canchoose whether to display the assembly or a particular part For more information, see “The contextbar,” Section 2.2.4
Model Tree
The Model Tree provides you with a graphical overview of your model and the objects that itcontains, such as parts, materials, steps, loads, and output requests In addition, the Model Treeprovides a convenient, centralized tool for moving between modules and for managing objects Ifyour model database contains more than one model, you can use the Model Tree to move betweenmodels When you become familiar with the Model Tree, you will find that you can quickly performmost of the actions that are found in the main menu bar, the module toolboxes, and the variousmanagers For more information, see “An overview of the Model Tree,” Section 3.5.1
Results Tree
The Results Tree provides you with a graphical overview of your output databases and other
session-specific data such as X–Y plots If you have more than one output database open in your session, you
can use the Results Tree to move between output databases When you become familiar with theResults Tree, you will find that you can quickly perform most of the actions in the Visualizationmodule that are found in the main menu bar and the toolbox For more information, see “Anoverview of the Results Tree,” Section 3.5.2
Toolbox area
When you enter a module, the toolbox area displays tools in the toolbox that are appropriate for thatmodule The toolbox allows quick access to many of the module functions that are also availablefrom the menu bar For more information, see “Understanding and using toolboxes and toolbars,”Section 3.3
Canvas and drawing area
The canvas can be thought of as an infinite screen or bulletin board on which you post viewports;for more information, see Chapter 4, “Managing viewports on the canvas.” The drawing area is thevisible portion of the canvas
Viewport
Viewports are windows on the canvas in which Abaqus/CAE displays your model For moreinformation, see Chapter 4, “Managing viewports on the canvas.”
Trang 37Prompt area
The prompt area displays instructions for you to follow during a procedure; for example, it asks you
to select the geometry as you create a set In the Visualization module a set of buttons is displayed
in the prompt area that allow you to move between the steps and the frames of your analysis Formore information, see “Using the prompt area during procedures,” Section 3.1
Message area
Abaqus/CAE prints status information and warnings in the message area To resize the messagearea, drag the top edge; to see information that has scrolled out of the message area, use the scrollbar on the right side The message area is displayed by default, but it uses the same space occupied
by the command line interface If you have recently used the command line interface, you mustclick in the bottom left corner of the main window to activate the message area
Note:If new messages are added while the command line interface is active, Abaqus/CAE changesthe background color surrounding the message area icon to red When you display the message area,the background reverts to its normal color
Command line interface
You can use the command line interface to type Python commands and evaluate mathematicalexpressions using the Python interpreter that is built into Abaqus/CAE The interface includes
primary (>>>) and secondary ( ) prompts to indicate when you must indent commands to
comply with Python syntax For more information on Python commands, see “The basics ofPython,” Section 4.5 of the Abaqus Scripting User’s Manual
The command line interface is hidden by default, but it uses the same space occupied by themessage area Click in the bottom left corner of the main window to switch from the messagearea to the command line interface
When you start a session, the menus listed below appear on the main menu bar Abaqus/CAE displaysadditional menu options and provides access to toolsets depending on the current module in use
File
The items in the File menu allow you to create, open, and save model databases; open and close
output databases; import and export files; run scripts; manage macros; print viewports; and exitAbaqus/CAE For more information, see “Using the File menu,” Section 9.6, in the online HTMLversion of this manual
Trang 38The items in the Model menu allow you to open, copy, rename, and delete the models in the current
model database For more information, see “Managing models,” Section 9.8, in the online HTMLversion of this manual
Viewport
The items in the Viewport menu allow you to create or manipulate viewports and viewport
annotations For more information, see Chapter 4, “Managing viewports on the canvas.”
View
The items in the View menu allow you to manipulate views, customize certain aspects of the
appearance of your model or plots, control display performance, and turn off the display of theModel Tree, the Results Tree, and individual toolbars Some of the operations available in the view
manipulation menu are also available in the View Manipulation toolbar For more information,
see:
• “Working with the Model Tree and the Results Tree,” Section 3.5
• Chapter 5, “Manipulating the view and controlling perspective”
• Chapter 7, “Configuring graphics display options”
• Chapter 55, “Customizing plot display”
• Chapter 61, “The Customize toolset”
• Chapter 76, “Customizing geometry and mesh display”
Plug-ins
The items in the Plug-ins menu allow you to access the plug-ins distributed with Abaqus/CAE or
plug-ins that you have downloaded or created For more information, see Chapter 81, “The Plug-intoolset.”
Help
The items in the Help menu allow you to request context-sensitive help and to search or browse the
documentation For more information, see “Getting help,” Section 2.6
The toolbars contain convenient sets of tools for managing your files, filtering object selection, andviewing your model Items in a toolbar are shortcuts to functions that are also available from the mainmenu bar By default, Abaqus/CAE displays all of the toolbars in a row underneath the main menu bar.Abaqus/CAE may place some toolbars in a second row depending on your display resolution and thesize of the main window The toolbars are shown in the following figure:
Trang 39File View Manipulation View Options
You can change the location of a toolbar using the toolbar’s grip, as indicated in the above figure.Clicking and dragging the grip moves the toolbar around the main window If you release the toolbar gripwhile the toolbar is over one of the four available docking regions of the main window (see Figure 2–2),Abaqus/CAE “docks” the toolbar; a docked toolbar has no title bar and does not obstruct any otherportion of the main window
If you release the toolbar grip while the toolbar is not near a docking region, Abaqus/CAE creates
a floating toolbar with a title bar A floating toolbar obstructs other items in the main window (seeFigure 2–3); however, a floating toolbar can be positioned outside of the Abaqus/CAE main window.Clicking mouse button 3 on a toolbar grip displays a menu that lets you specify the location andformat of the toolbar:
• Select Top to dock the toolbar in the top docking region.
• Select Bottom to dock the toolbar in the bottom docking region.
• Select Left to dock the toolbar in the left docking region.
• Select Right to dock the toolbar in the right docking region.
• Select Float to change a docked toolbar into a floating toolbar; this option is available only for
docked toolbars
• Select Flip to change the orientation of a floating toolbar from horizontal to vertical, or vice versa;
this option is available only for floating toolbars
You can also hide toolbars and create custom toolbars that include shortcuts to additional functions.For more information, see Chapter 61, “The Customize toolset.”
To obtain a short description of a tool in a toolbar, place the cursor over that tool for a moment; asmall box containing a description, or “tooltip,” will appear To obtain the name of a toolbar, place thecursor over the toolbar grip for a moment
Trang 40Top docking region
Left
docking
region
Right docking region
Bottom docking region
Figure 2–2 Available docking regions for toolbars
Figure 2–3 Floating toolbars
The Abaqus/CAE toolbars contain the following functionality:
File