Chapter 19 - Correlation analysis and regression analysis. In this chapter, the following content will be discussed: Definitions, regression analysis, correlation analysis, determining sample correlation coefficient, testing the significance of the correlation coefficient,...
Trang 4• Statistical technique that is used to relate two or more
variables
• Objective is to build a regression model or a prediction equation relating the dependent variable to one or
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Trang 5• Pearson correlation coefficient
▫ Measures the degree to which there is a linear association between two intervalscaled variables
▫ A positive correlation reflects a tendency for a high value in one variable to be associated with a high value in the second
▫ A negative correlation reflects an association between a high value in one variable and a low value in the second variable
Trang 7Scatter Plots
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Trang 9Simple Correlation Coefficient
Pearson Product-moment Correlation Coefficient
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Trang 11.01
2670
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Trang 12§ Measure of association between two variables after controlling for the effects of one or more additional variables
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Trang 13▫ β1 = Model parameter that represents the slope that measures change in mean
value of dependent variable associated with a oneunit increase in the independent variable
▫εi = Error term that describes the effects on Yi of all factors other than value of Xi
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Trang 15A Graphical Illustration
Trang 18• Difference between the actual and predicted values
• Estimate of the error in the population
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Trang 19• Mean Square Error
• Standard Error of b1
• Standard Error of b0
Trang 21Testing the Significance of Independent Variables (Contd.)
• Decision Rule
Trang 25• The prediction equation in multiple regression
analysis is
= + b1X1 + b2X2 + …….+bkXk α Ŷ
where
Ŷ is the predicted Y score and
b1 . . . , bk are the partial regression coefficients.
Trang 26• b 1 is the expected change in Y when X1 is changed by one unit, keeping X 2 constant or controlling for its
effects.
• b 2 is the expected change in Y for a unit change in X2, when X1 is held constant.
Trang 27• Consider tvalue for i'sβ
• Use beta coefficients when independent variables are in different units of measurement
Standardized i = bi β Standard deviation of xi
Standard deviation of Y
• Check for multicollinearity
Trang 32Yi = a + b1D1 + b2D2 + b3D3 + error• For rational buyer, i = a Ŷ
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Trang 33End of Chapter Nineteen