1 Which of the following is TRUE about essential fatty acids?. 61 Answer: True False Explanation: 62 The human body cannot make cholesterol; thus, it is an essential nutrient we must con
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Exam
Name _
MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Which of the following is TRUE about essential fatty acids? 1)
A) No vegetables contain essential fatty acids
B) Consumption of essential fatty acids raises an individual's risk for cardiovascular disease
C) The body produces essential fatty acids
D) We need to obtain omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids from food
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 2) Which of the following food items would contain the highest amount of saturated fat? 2)
A) canola oil B) butter
C) skim milk D) steamed broccoli
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 3) What role do polyunsaturated fatty acids play in the brain and spinal cord? 3)
A) They regulate calcium within normal ranges
B) They block the production of vessel-clogging cholesterol
C) They deplete the brain's glycogen levels
D) They help transmit information between cells of the brain and spinal cord
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 4) One of the two essential fatty acids is alpha-linolenic acid What is the other one? 4)
A) cis B) linoleic C) butyric D) cholesterol
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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5) How many Calories does 25 grams of fat provide? 5)
A) 2,250 kilocalories B) 23 kilocalories
C) 225 kilocalories D) 100 kilocalories
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 6) A fatty acid that contains a chain of ten carbons and one double bond is a 6)
A) monounsaturated, long-chain fatty acid
B) monounsaturated, medium-chain fatty acid
C) saturated, long-chain fatty acid
D) saturated, medium-chain fatty acid
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 7) Where in the body are the majority of triglycerides stored for future energy needs? 7)
A) liver B) adipose tissue
C) lipoproteins D) beta cells of the pancreas
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 8) The American Heart Association advises consumers to 8)
A) avoid butter and margarine all together
B) choose butter over trans fat free margarine.
C) use mayonnaise instead or butter or margarine
D) choose trans fat free margarines over butter.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 9) Research has found the strongest association between dietary fat intake and what type of cancer? 9)
A) breast B) prostate C) lung D) colon
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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10) Fatty acids released from storage travel in the blood attached to the protein 10)
A) methionine B) lysine C) albumin D) cysteine
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
11) Which of the following ingredients would alert you to the likely presence of trans fatty acids in a
A) lecithin B) liquid corn oil
C) vitamin E D) partially hydrogenated vegetable oil
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 12) What is the daily recommended intake of saturated fat? 12)
A) no more than 5% of total energy intake B) no more than 10% of total energy intake
C) as little as possible D) no more than 2% of total energy intake
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 13) Medium-chain fatty acids are how many carbon atoms in length? 13)
A) 2 B) 4 C) at least 6 D) at least 14
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 14) The process of adding hydrogen to an unsaturated fatty acid and creating a more solid fat is called 14)
A) deamination B) hydrogenation C) emulsification D) pressurization
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 15) Which of the following is a fat replacer? 15)
A) phosphate B) olestra C) trans fat D) saccharin
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C)
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16) Nuts are a good source of 16)
A) lean protein B) sodium
C) healthful unsaturated fats D) unnecessary Calories
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 17) Which of the following fatty acids is generally solid at room temperature? 17)
A) saturated B) monounsaturated
C) short-chain D) polyunsaturated
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 18) Which of the following health problems has been associated with consumption of fat replacers? 18)
A) hypertension B) elevated blood cholesterol levels
C) mild gastrointestinal discomfort D) allergies
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 19) The major form of fat in both food and the body is 19)
A) glycerols B) triglycerides C) sterols D) phospholipids
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 20) Sex hormones and adrenal hormones are substances derived from which class of lipid? 20)
A) phospholipids B) fatty acids C) triglycerides D) sterols
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 21) Which of the following foods are rich sources of monounsaturated fatty acids? 21)
A) safflower and corn oils B) coconut and palm oils
C) olive oil and cashew nuts D) butter and lard
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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22) How many double bonds does a saturated fatty acid contain between carbons? 22)
A) none B) one C) two D) more than two
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 23) The vast majority of fat digestion and absorption occurs in the 23)
A) stomach B) liver C) large intestine D) small intestine
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 24) Which of the following is a rich source of omega-6 fatty acids? 24)
A) flax seed oil
B) margarine made from corn or safflower oil
C) leafy green vegetables
D) salmon
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 25) One of your friends is trying to decrease his intake of saturated fat Which of the following items
would you recommend he choose to add to his coffee? 25)
A) half-and-half B) fat-free milk or 1% milk
C) whipping cream D) nondairy creamer
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
26) How much trans fat is recommended in the diet? 26)
A) 20% of total energy intake B) as little as possible
C) 9% of total energy intake D) 3% of total energy intake
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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27) The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fat is what percentage of total
A) no more than 35% B) no more than 20%
C) no more than 50% D) no more than 15%
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 28) Which type of fatty acid has hydrogen atoms located on the same side of the double bond? 28)
A) trans B) glycerol C) saturated D) cis
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 29) The most common sterol in our diet is 29)
A) phytosterol B) stanol C) olestra D) cholesterol
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 30) Yesterday Nadia consumed 250 grams of carbohydrate, 75 grams of protein, and 60 grams of fat
What percentage of Calories of her day's intake came from fat? 30)
A) 29% B) 15% C) 13% D) 35%
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 31) A triglyceride is comprised of 31)
A) three glycerols and one phospholipid B) three glycerols and one fatty acid
C) three phospholipids and one glycerol D) three fatty acids and one glycerol
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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32) Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can be derived in limited quantities
A) cholesterol B) linoleic acid
C) trans fat. D) alpha-linolenic acid
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 33) Which of the following are NOT major classes of dietary lipids? 33)
A) phospholipids B) glycogens C) triglycerides D) sterols
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 34) Which of the following statements is FALSE about sterols? 34)
A) Cholesterol is the most common sterol found in the human diet
B) The human body produces sterols
C) Sterols contain a glycerol backbone and one fatty acid
D) Sterols are found in both plant and animal foods
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 35) Which of the following are excellent sources of unsaturated fats? 35)
A) meat B) nuts and nut butters
C) full-fat dairy products D) beans and rice
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 36) Saturated fats are 36)
A) found primarily in foods derived from plants
B) protective for our health
C) liquid at room temperature
D) found in whole milk and beef
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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37) Which of the following groups would have the lowest risk for toxicity from eating shark and other
fish with high levels of environmental contaminants? 37)
A) children B) breastfeeding women
C) pregnant women D) teenage boys
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 38) Which of the following foods contains hidden fats? 38)
A) chocolate cake B) butter C) olive oil D) zucchini
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 39) Which lipoprotein transports dietary fat out of the small intestine? 39)
A) sterol B) low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
C) phospholipid D) chylomicron
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 40) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the process of hydrogenation? 40)
A) Hydrogenation makes a product more solid at room temperature
B) Hydrogenation is the process in which hydrogen atoms are added to double bonds
C) Hydrogenation creates a "heart healthy" product
D) Hydrogenation creates trans fatty acids.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 41) Which of the following will help keep saturated fat intake at a healthy level? 41)
A) avoiding fatty fish, such as salmon
B) choosing hydrogenated vegetable shortening instead of butter
C) eating fewer than 1,500 cal per day
D) keeping cholesterol intake below 300 mg/day
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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42) Which of the following is NOT a function of fat in the human body? 42)
A) Fat maintains the integrity of cell membranes
B) Fat provides insulation to help retain body heat
C) Fats make us feel hungry
D) Fat assists in the transport of fat-soluble vitamins
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 43) To facilitate the digestion of dietary fats, the gallbladder stores and releases a substance known as 43)
A) lipase B) bile
C) bicarbonate D) hydrochloric acid
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 44) Why are phospholipids NOT essential nutrients? 44)
A) Our bodies manufacture phospholipids
B) Beneficial GI bacteria produce phospholipids
C) Phospholipids are not naturally found in the healthy body
D) Phospholipids serve no useful function in the human body
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 45) Which of the following is a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids, yet neutral in flavor,
making it a good choice for cooking oil? 45)
A) canola oil B) coconut oil C) corn oil D) butter
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 46) A key component(s) of a cell's membrane is/are 46)
A) triglycerides B) estrogen C) phospholipids D) glycerol
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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47) Which of the following organs does NOT assist in the digestion of lipids? 47)
A) liver B) large intestine C) pancreas D) gallbladder
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 48) Which of the following describes lipids? 48)
A) inorganic nutrients that are insoluble in fat
B) organic nutrients that are insoluble in fat
C) inorganic nutrients that are insoluble in water
D) organic nutrients that are insoluble in water
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 49) What is the primary form of fat in the diet? 49)
A) phospholipids B) sterols C) triglycerides D) glycerols
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 50) In people who are physically active, extra fat consumed in the diet is stored first in 50)
A) adipose cells B) the liver
C) lymphatic tissue D) muscle tissue
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 51) Which of the following foods contain a large quantity of saturated fatty acids? 51)
A) cottonseed and corn oils B) cashew nuts and almonds
C) olive and canola oils D) palm kernel and coconut oils
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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52) Diets high in trans and what other type of fatty acid contribute to chronic diseases, including heart
disease and cancer? 52)
A) saturated B) polyunsaturated
C) monounsaturated D) linoleic
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 53) The label on a box of chocolate cookies claims that they are "low-fat." By law, each serving must
A) less than 0.5 grams of fat
B) at least 50% less fat as compared to a standard serving
C) at least 25% less fat as compared to a standard serving
D) 3 grams or less of fat
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 54) Which of the following types of fat is required to be listed on the Nutrition Facts Panel by the U.S
Food and Drug Administration? 54)
A) sterols B) phospholipids
C) trans fatty acids D) essential fatty acids
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 55) The spherical compounds made up of bile and phospholipids that transport dietary fat into the
intestinal mucosal cells are the 55)
A) chylomicrons B) albumins
C) salivary enzymes D) micelles
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 56) Which of the following is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids? 56)
A) butter B) beef fat C) corn oil D) coconut oil
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
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57) During exercise, which of the following triggers the breakdown of stored fat? 57)
A) insulin B) lipoprotein lipase
C) estrogen D) adrenaline
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 58) Which of the following species of fish would likely contain the highest levels of contaminants? 58)
A) mahi-mahi B) flounder C) swordfish D) salmon
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
59) Which of the following statements is TRUE about trans fatty acids? 59)
A) They are made by the body in large quantities
B) They are created during the hydrogenation process
C) They decrease the risk of developing heart disease
D) They are found only in plant products
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B) C) D) 60) Fat leaves the chylomicron and moves into adipose cells when the chylomicron comes into contact
A) insulin B) trypsin
C) adrenaline D) lipoprotein lipase
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B) C) D)
TRUE/FALSE Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
61) Lipids that contain multiple carbon-ring structures are known as phospholipids 61)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
62) The human body cannot make cholesterol; thus, it is an essential nutrient we must consume in our
diet in moderation 62)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
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63) Lipids can be either solid or liquid at room temperature 63)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
64) Saturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature 64)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
65) Unless labeled as zero trans fatty acids, most margarines will have more trans fatty acids than
Answer: True False
Explanation:
66) Saturated fatty acids can occur in either a cis or trans shape. 66)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
67) Short- and medium-chain fatty acids are absorbed and transported more quickly than long-chain
Answer: True False
Explanation:
68) Invisible or "hidden" fats are ones that are translucent at room temperature 68)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
69) Fat is the most energy-dense of all the macronutrients 69)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
70) Fat is digested more easily than carbohydrate or protein 70)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
71) Even if the Nutrition Facts panel states 0 g trans fats, the product could still have 1/2 g of trans fat
Answer: True False
Explanation:
72) Triglycerides, phospholipids, and glycerols are the three types of lipids commonly found in foods 72)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
73) Studies show that the use of fat replacers will reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and obesity 73)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
74) Americans consume adequate amounts of linoleic acid but not enough ALA, EPA, or DHA 74)