H32 1 r kinh tế vi mô

o Read your handout  Define opportunity cost o Read the handout  Differentiate between microeconomics and macroeconomics o Read the handout  Distinguish between positive and normative

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỞ THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH

KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ

LƯU HÀNH NỘI BỘ

MỤC ĐÍCH

Tài liệu này nhằm hỗ trợ cho học viên hình thức giáo dục từ

xa nắm vững nội dung ôn tập và làm bài kiểm tra hết môn hiệu quả

Tài liệu này cần được sử dụng cùng với tài liệu học tập của môn học và bài giảng của giảng viên ôn tập tập trung theo chương trình đào tạo

NỘI DUNG HƯỚNG DẪN

Nội dung tài liệu này bao gồm các nội dung sau:

 Phần 1: Các nội dung trọng tâm của môn học Bao gồm các nội

dung trọng tâm của môn học được xác định dựa trên mục tiêu học tập, nghĩa là các kiến thức hoặc kỹ năng cốt lõi mà người học cần có được khi hoàn thành môn học

 Phần 2: Cách thức ôn tập Mô tả cách thức để hệ thống hóa

kiến thức và luyện tập kỹ năng để đạt được những nội dung trọng tâm

 Phần 3: Hướng dẫn làm bài kiểm tra Mô tả hình thức kiểm

tra và đề thi, hướng dẫn cách làm bài và trình bày bài làm và lưu ý về những sai sót thường gặp, hoặc những nỗ lực có thể được đánh giá cao trong bài làm

 Phần 4: Đề thi mẫu và đáp án Cung cấp một đề thi mẫu và

đáp án, có tính chất minh hoạ nhằm giúp học viên hình dung yêu cầu kiểm tra và cách thức làm bài thi

PHỤ TRÁCH KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ Nguyễn Thúy Nga

Phần 1

CÁC NỘI DUNG TRỌNG TÂM

Chapter 1 ECONOMICS AND ECONOMIC REASONING

 Define economics and list three coordination problems that an economy must solve

 Define opportunity cost and explain its relationship to economic reasoning

 Differentiate between microeconomics and macroeconomics

 Distinguish among positive economics, normative economics, and the art of economics

Chapter 2 TOOLS OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

 Why theories deliberately simplify reality

 Time – series and cross – section data

 How to construct index numbers

 Nominal and real variables

 How to build a simple theoretical model

 How to plot data and interpret scatter diagrams

 How to use ‘other things equal’ to ignore, but not forget, important influences

Chapter 3 TRADE, TRADE – OFFS AND GOVERNMENT POLICY

 Scarcity of resources

 The Production Possibility Frontier Curve (PPF)

 Define the PPF

 5 notions of the PPF

 Markets, Specialization and Growth

 The roles of government in a market

 Regulating trade: Institutions, government and trade

Chapter 4 SUPPLY AND DEMAND

 Define the demand

 Demand table, demand curve, law of demand

 Factors to make the shift of the demand curve

 Define the supply

 Supply table, supply curve, law of supply

 Factors to make the shift of the supply curve

 The interaction of supply and demand

 Shifts in supply and demand

Chapter 5 USING SUPPLY AND DEMAND

 Real – world supply and demand applications

 Government intervention in the market

Chapter 6 ELASTICITIES OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY

 How elasticities measure responsiveness of demand and supply

 The price elasticity of demand

 Inferior, normal and luxury goods

Chapter 7 CONSUMER CHOICE

 The theory of consumer choice

 The budget line

 Total Utility

 The marginal rate of substitution

 Marginal utility (MU)

Phần 2

CÁCH THỨC ÔN TẬP

Chapter 1 ECONOMICS AND ECONOMIC REASONING

 Define economics and list three economic issues that every economy must solve

o Read your handout

 Define opportunity cost

o Read the handout

 Differentiate between microeconomics and macroeconomics

o Read the handout

 Distinguish between positive and normative economics

o Read your handout

Chapter 2: TOOLS OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

 Define model or theory, data and behavior law

o Read the handout

 Economic data: time series data; cross section data and index number

o How to calculate the index number and the weighted average of indices

o Read the handout

o Do exercises on index number

 Nominal and read variables

o Define nominal values and real values

 Economic models

o Read the handout

Chapter 3: TRADE – TRADE OFFS – AND GOVERNMENT POLICY

 The Production Possibility Frontier Curve (PPF)

o Define the law of diminishing returns

o Characteristics of the PPF

o Do exercises

 General definition of market

o Read the handout

Chapter 4: SUPPLY AND DEMAND

 Demand

o Concepts:

 Define Demand

 Demand table; demand function; and demand curve

 Behind the demand curve and shift in the demand curve

o Read the handout

 Behind the supply curve and shift in the supply curve

o Read the handout

o Do exercises

 The interaction of supply and demand

o The equilibrium price and quantity

o Read the handout

o Excess demand and excess supply

Chapter 5: USING SUPPLY AND DEMAND

 Government intervention in the market

o Price ceilings and price floors

o Read the handout

Chapter 6 ELASTICITIES OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY

 The price responsiveness of demand

o Price elasticity of demand (PED)

o How to calculate the PED

o Read the handout

Chapter 7: CONSUMER CHOICE

 The theory of consumer choice

o The budget line

o The slope of budget line

o The equation of the budget line

o Read the handout

o Do exercises

Phần 3

HƯỚNG DẪN LÀM BÀI KIỂM TRA

a Hình thức kiểm tra và kết cấu đề

The test consists of 2 parts – the Multiple choices and the Exercises

 The Multiple choices has got 40 sentences (6 marks) distributed as follows:

b Hướng dẫn cách làm bài phần trắc nghiệm

 Chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất và điền vào bảng trả lời Có thể đánh trước trên đề và điền vào sau, nhưng phải dành thời gian cho việc này vì KHÔNG ĐÁNH VÀO BẢNG SẼ KHÔNG ĐƯỢC TÍNH ĐIỂM

 Chọn câu dễ làm trước

c Hướng dẫn làm bài phần tự luận

 Trước hết phải tìm yêu cầu của bài, gạch dưới và đọc thật kỹ

để làm đúng và vừa đủ theo yêu cầu của bài Làm thừa so với yêu cầu sẽ không được tính điểm, mất thời gian vô ích

 Không cần làm bài theo thứ tự Câu dễ làm trước

 Các yêu cầu tính toán cần làm cẩn thận ở ngoài và chép vào theo một thứ tự để tránh bỏ sót

 Chép bài người khác sẽ không được tính điểm

Phần 4

ĐỀ THI MẪU VÀ ĐÁP ÁN

ĐỀ THI SỐ …

LẦN THỨ …

(KHÔNG SỬ DỤNG TÀI LIỆU)

Môn thi: KINH TẾ VI MÔ (NN) Học kỳ: III /2012-2013 Thời gian: 60 PHÚT Ngày thi:…………

HỌ VÀ TÊN THÍ SINH:

……… LỚP: ………MSSV: ………

Chữ ký

CBCT 1

Chữ ký CBCT 2

Chữ ký

CB chấm thi

PART I THEORY

Choose the correct answer for the following questions and then fill it to the answer sheet

1 The study of economics is primarily concerned with:

a keeping private businesses from losing money

b keeping economics professors from starving to death

c choices that are made in seeking to use scarce resources efficiently

d determining the most equitable (fair) distribution of the government's money

2 Which of the following is a microeconomic statement?

a The real U.S output increased by 2.5 percent last year

b Unemployment was 6.8 percent of the U.S labor force last year

c The price of personal computers declined last year

d The general price level (inflation) increased by 4 percent last year

3 Economics can best be defined as the study of:

a how to profitably invest one's income in stocks and bonds

b how to use scarce productive resources efficiently

c how government policies affect businesses and labor

d managing business enterprises for profit

4 A production possibilities curve shows:

a that resources are unlimited

b that people prefer one of the goods more than the other

c the maximum amounts of two goods that can be produced assuming the full and efficient use of available resources

d combinations of labor only necessary to produce specific levels of output

5 Opportunity cost is best defined as:

a the monetary price of any productive resource

b the amount of labor that must be used to produce one unit

a shows the relationship between price and quantity supplied

b indicates the quantity demanded at each price in a series

of prices

c graphs as an upsloping line

d shows the relationship between income and spending

7 If two goods are complements (like pepperoni pizza and beer):

a they are consumed independently

b an increase in the price of one will increase the demand for the other

c a decrease in the price of one will increase the demand for the other

d they are necessarily inferior goods

8 If the demand curve for product B shifts to the right as the price of product A declines, then:

a A and B are substitute goods

b A is a normal good and B is an inferior good

c A is an inferior good and B is a normal good

d A and B are complementary goods

9 An increase in consumer incomes (like when one wins the big Fantasy Five price) will:

a increase the demand for an inferior good

b increase the supply of an inferior good

c increase the demand for a normal good

d decrease the supply of a normal good

10 A decrease in quantity demanded (as distinct from a decrease in demand) is depicted by a:

a move from point x to point y

b a shift from D1 to D2

c shift from D2 to D1

d move from point y to point x

11 The law of supply:

a reflects the amounts that producers will want to offer at each price in a series of prices

b is reflected in a downsloping supply curve

c was enacted by Congress to force businesses to produce goods that society wants

d reflects the income and substitution effects of a price change

12 At the equilibrium price:

a quantity supplied may exceed quantity demanded or vice versa

b there are no pressures on price to either rise or fall

c there are forces that cause price to rise

d there are forces that cause price to fall

13 One can say with certainty that equilibrium quantity of chocolate bought and sold will increase when:

a supply and demand both decrease

b supply increases and demand decreases

c the price of the ice cream to go with them will go up

d supply and demand both increase

14 What do economists mean when they state that a good is scarce?

a There is a shortage or insufficient supply of the good at the existing price

b It is impossible to expand the availability of the good

c People will want to buy more of the good regardless of price

d The amount of the good that people would like to have exceeds the supply that is freely available from nature

15 As income increased 10%, the sales of product X were up to 5% and other things constant It is said that product X is …

a inferior products

b luxury goods

c necessary products

d normal goods

16 This shifts the supply curve for product X because …

a the price of product X is adjusted

b the consumers’ income is changed

c the tax policy is also changed

d the price of substitute goods is changeable

17 Economics is the social science subject that focuses on the ways to ……

a manage profitable businesses

b avoid the problem of scarcity for many different purposes and competitions

c create personal fortunes on the stock market

d allocate scarce resources for many different purposes

18 Which of the following sentences belongs to macroeconomics?

a Unemployment rate is very high in many countries

b The Vietnam’s GDP during 1991 – 1997 is about 8.5%

c The American inflation rate between 1993 and 1997 is below 15%

d all are correct

19 Microeconomics studies

a the behavior of economic units in various kinds of economic markets

b the activities throughout the economy

c the behavior of customers to maximize their needs

d the general price level of a country

20 Positive economics focuses on

a describe and explain the events, economic issues on the objective viewpoint

b give instructions or the subjective viewpoint of the individuals

c explain the behavior of economic units in various kinds of economic markets

d all are wrong

21 Which of the following sentences belongs to microeconomics?

a the Vietnam’s unemployment rate is high now

b the economic profits is the power to attract new enterprises

to come into the industry

c the government’s fiscal and monetary policy is the tools to manage the economy

d the Vietnam’s inflation rate in 1996 was not exceeding at a two-digit level

22 Which of the following matters belongs to normative economics?

a The Vietnam’s GDP growth in 2003 was 7.24%

b The Vietnam’s inflation rate in 2003 was 3%

c The world’s oil price rose threefolds between 1973 and 1974

d Pharmacies must be free for the elderly and children

23 The analysis tool used to highlight the differences between the two kinds of goods that an economy can produce when

a country uses its resources effectively

a the production possibility frontier

b the demand curve

c the scatter diagram

d the GNP

24 Which of the economic concepts can’t be explained by the PPF?

a opportunity cost

b supply and demand

c increasing the opportunity cost

d scarcity

25.What is excess supply?

a Excess supply exists when the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded at the ruling price

b Excess supply exists when the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity supplied at the ruling price

c Excess supply exists when the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded at the ruling price

d none of the above is correct

26 The price ceiling always leads to …

a excess supply

b excess demand

c market equilibrium price

d all is correct

27 The following diagram shows …

a the demand is inelastic

b the price is low, the demand is inelastic

c the demand is elastic

d the price is low, the demand is elastic

28 The price elasticity of demand is determined by the equation:

a (ΔQ/P) / (ΔP/Q)

b (ΔQ/ΔP) x (P/Q)

c (ΔQ/P) – (ΔP/Q)

d (ΔQ/P) + (ΔP/Q)

29 The price elasticity of demand is determined by …

a the percentage change in the quantity of goods demanded divided by the percentage change in customers’ income

b the percentage change in the quantity of goods demanded divided by the corresponding percentage change in its price

c the percentage change in goods price divided by the corresponding percentage change in the quantity of goods demanded

d the change in the quantity of goods demanded divided by the change in its price

30 If the percentage change in goods price is higher than the percentage change in the quantity of goods demanded, it is said the demand is…

I What goods and services will be produced?

II How will they be produced?

III When will they be produced?

IV For whom will they be produced?

V Where will they be produced?

a I, III and V only d II, IV and V only

b I, II and IV only e II, III and IV only

c I, II and V only

32 Labor, human capital, entrepreneurship, natural resources and capital are all examples of which of the followings?