Phonics and teaching phonics for students in grade 6,

Teaching phonics to help students create atmosphere language learning correct pronunciation of words in lessons.Much purpose of teaching phonics in a language class is not intended to ma

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO THANH HOÁ

PHÒNG GD & ĐT ĐÔNG SƠN

EXPERIENCE INITIATIVE

NAME OF THEME

“PHONICS AND TEACHING PHONICS FOR STUDENTS

IN GRADES 6,7”

The implementation: Nguyễn Thị Lan Phương Position : Teacher

Research area : English

THANH HOÁ, NĂM 2017

1

A INTRODUCTION

English is getting a lot of attention from people It is not a hobby for

some gifted English but also necessities Foreign Language is a bridge for

cooperation, development and exchange between countries together One

important thing is that everyone wants to use English perfectly and fluently

They can use it as their "mother tongue" However, to help students get what

they want to be effective, English teachers need to use their method appropriate

to each age level, use their knowledge to teach their students Beginning

students of English often say that their top priorities are to know grammar well

and to learn as many words and everyday phrases as possible Many students

think that phonetics is a luxury that they can do without It's a big mistake to

underestimate the importance of pronunciation.If you want to communicate in

English, you need to speak English Speaking to people is the only way to

communicate Well, you can exchange written messages, of course.Or use

gestures to show what you want to say But seriously, you need to know how to

pronounce what you want to say How you say something is as important as

what you say It means that it is necessary for you to acquire standard correct

English pronunciation if you want to understand English speakers and want

them to understand you

The use of correct English pronunciation can do the opposite understand

what he said, and also understand the opposite easier and more accurate.The

language skills are closely related to each other; skills to support other

skills.Correct pronunciation,therefore, is not only good for oral skills, but also

to understand better for listening However, the pronunciation is a difficult

skill; without the guidance and regular exercise, positive, the progress will be

virtually impossible Besides, there are so many different factors related to

teaching, learning methods, the influence of the mother tongue or conditions

interact with native English speakers also do not much affect the progress of

learners

From the above reasons, I strongly research and write the experience

initiative named "Phonics and teaching phonics for students in grade 6,7”

I decided to choose this topic with the desire to help students learn English well

and can communicate in English Language learners communicate not only

corectly but also self confidently in lessons This is more excited than they are

willing to learn in order to improve their English pronunciation

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B CONTENT

I Rationale:

Through a lot of research material, as well as a combination of theory

and practice,we need to rely on the basis of the following reasoning:

Faced with a problem of teaching and learning that I think to figure out a

way to teach phonics, and the work that I have written to teach phonics method

in a class Teaching phonics to help students create atmosphere language

learning correct pronunciation of words in lessons.Much purpose of teaching

phonics in a language class is not intended to make students capable

pronounced similar to the native because it is not practical, unless the school

has a special talent and highly motivated The goal is to teach phonics to help

students gain an ability to pronounce correctly at a certain level to be able to

communicate what they want to talk with other people Phonics is a teaching

method used to help children learn to read Phonics breaks down words into

individual sounds and syllables and shows children how each sound fits

together to make up a word Children taught with phonics must learn the

different vowel sounds, consonants and regular rules of English grammar Due

to the learner's native language affects the pronunciation teaching English to

people who need to have a certain understanding of the sound system of the

learner’s mother tongue to first guess the difficulties and advantages of

learner’s pronunciation Phonics helps your child learn to read and spell

Without this ability, your child cannot be fully literate Words are like codes

and phonics teaches children how to crack the reading code Phonics is

therefore an important part of any reading development program.That is the

reason Ministry of Education put on phonics lessons to Secondary English

II Practical basis before applying theme:

The organization of teaching English in secondary schools meets the

needs of students in learning a foreign language elementary and accordants

with the requirements of educational development On the other hand, learning

English in secondary school will help students get a certain knowledge of

English to be able to learn English better when they are at high school

Pronounciation in the general case, particularly in scondary schools has long

been a problem Many students encounter new words they do not know how to

pronounce Often teachers must International Phonetic form and read to

students Some times the students forget how to pronounce it late In

practically, teaching at my school, I notice that some of them have the ability

to read and pronounce very well Besides, there are some children who have

difficulty inpronunciation They are afraid of the wrong director, afraid of

3

friend’s laugh, resultingly they are shy saying, less communicate and read the

words As well as students mispronounce, this leads to make a marked accent

and intonation wrong So to have methods of teaching reading - speaking -

pronunciation well, I have conducted a survey earlier this year to classify

students The following table is the result of students in English in grade 6, 7 at

Dong Van scondary school at the middle test of the first term for 2015-2016

term:

Result before applying the research in teaching Class students Mark 9-10 Mark 7-8 Mark 5-6 Mark under 5

SL % SL % SL % SL % 6A 36 3 11.5 5 19.2 15 38.5 13 30.8

7B 34 1 4.1 3 12.5 15 41.7 15 41.7

Through this table shows the number of students pronouce the words

weakly account for 37 percent

III Solution and implementation:

There are 44 sounds in the English language, which we put together to

form words Some are represented by one letter, like 't', and some by two or

more, like 'ck' in duck and 'air' in chair Children are taught the sounds first,

then how to match them to letters, and finally how to use the letter sounds for

reading and spelling Synthetic phonics refers to 'synthesising', or blending, the

sounds to read words It's based on the idea that children should sound out

unknown words and not rely on their context Now I specifically refer to each

sound in English and use them to the lessons which are applied for students in

grade 6, 7

1, Long vowel /i:/

Introduction: /i:/ is a long vowel sound

Make your mouth wide, like a smile /i:/

Your tongue touches the sides of your teeth /i:/

It's pronounced /i:/ /i:/

Identify the vowels which are pronounce /i:/ (1)

Groups : ea(-), ee, e-e, -e, ei(-),(-)ese, ie, i are pronouced /i:/

(1) In this page: “Identify the vowels which are pronounce /i:/” is referenced from References [7]

4

In the unit 4 – Grade 6: group ea(-) is pronouced /i:/ Eg : reading 2, Short vowel /I/ Introduction:

/I/ is a short vowel sound Make your mouth a bit less wide than for /i:/(2) Your tongue is a bit further back in your mouth than for /i:/ It's pronounced /i/ /i/ Identify the vowels which are pronounced /i/

dentify the vowels which are pronounce /i/ - Groups: a, (-) ear, (-)eer,(-)ier(-), (-)ere,i(-),e, are pronouced /i/

In unit 4 – Grade 6: group i(-) is pronouced /i:/

Eg: Ship

3, Short vowel /e/

Introduction: /e/ is a short and relaxed sound Open your mouth wide It's pronounced /e/ /e/

Identify : “e(-), (-)ead, (-)eath, (-)air,are” are pronouced /e/(3)

In unit 7 – Grade 7: group e is pronouced /e/

Eg: yes

4, Short vowel /æ/

(2) In this page: “The way to pronounce short vowel /i/” is referenced from References [6]

(3) “Identify : “e(-), (-)ead, (-)eath, (-)air,are” are pronouced /e/” is referenced from References [4]

5

Introduction: /æ/ is a short sound

Open your mouth wide

It's pronounced /æ/ /æ/(4)

Identify the vowels which are pronounced /æ/

“a" is pronounced / æ / in the following cases: In one-syllable words

that end in one or more consonants

In unit 11 – Grade 6, “a” is pronouced /æ/

Eg: That

5, Short vowel /ʌ/

Introduction:

Open your mouth wide by 1/2 compared to the pronounced/æ/ and

give tongue backIdentify the vowels which are pronounced /ʌ/ : “ o, o-

e, ou (-), u(-)” (5)

In unit 1 – Grade 6: “u” is pronouced /ʌ/

Eg: Cup

6, Long vowel / ɑː/

Introduction:

Tongue down and back, mouth open wide nor narrow not too (see

figure) (6)

Identify the vowels which are pronounced / ɑː / : “ ar (-)”

In unit 11 – Grade 6 : “ar” is pronouced / ɑː /

Eg: Far

7, Short vowel /ɒ/

(4) “The way to pronounce short vowel/æ/ ” is referenced from References [8]

(5) In this page: “The way to pronounce short vowel/ʌ /” is referenced from References [2]

(6) “The way to pronounce short vowel/ʌ /” is referenced from References [6]

6

Introduction: Vowel sound in the middle of half-open and open sound to the position of the tongue, lips pronounce round (7) Identify the vowels which are pronounced /ɒ/: “ o(-) and ong”

In unit 5 – Grade 7 : “o” is pronouced / ɒ /

Eg : dog, orange

8, Long vowel /ɔː/ Introduction: The tongue moves back, the rear blade raises, lip rounds and expand Identify the vowels which are pronounced /ɔː/: “ all, au, aw, wa, or, os, oar, ore, our” (8)

In unit 5 – Grade 7: “aw” is pronouced / ɒ /

Eg: draw

- “or” is pronouced / ɒ/

Eg: North

9, Short vowel / ə /

Introduction: This is a very short vowel When pronouncing tongue forward and slightly upward Identify the vowels which are pronounced /ə /: “a, e,o, u,"

The vowels like a, e, i, o, u in part of a word to emphasize that can be pronounced as / ə / or /ɪ/ examples from word “ accept”, letter “ a” pronounced / ə / as it is not the accented stress) (9)

(7) “The way to pronounce short vowel/ʌ /” is referenced from References [7]

(8) In this page: “The way to pronounce short vowel/ʌ /” is referenced from References [5]

(9) “Identify : “a, e,o, u," are pronouced /ə /” is referenced from References [8]

7

In unit 1 – Grade 7: “o” is pronouced / ə /

Eg: Parrot

10, Diphthong /eɪ/ Introduction: Pronounce slightly extended from /e/ gradual transite to and end in /ɪ/ Audio / ɪ / pronounce very short and quick Identify the vowels which are pronounced /eɪ/: “ a-e, ai, ay,ea, ey,eigh, ate,” (10) In unit 7 – Grade 7: “a-e and ai ” are pronouced /eɪ/

Eg : Raining, Skate

11, Diphthong /aɪ/ Introduction: Sound begins with a vowel in the middle of the tongue /ɑː/ and raises on the word /ɪ/, when pronouncing /ɑː/ mouth opens wide, to /ɪ/ mouth restrictes Identify the vowels which are pronounced / aɪ /:“y, ui, I, ie, ye, i-e, y-e, igh, ild, ind” (11) Unit 9 – Grade 6: “i-e” is pronouced /aɪ/

Eg : Kite 12, Consonant /p/

(10) In this page “ Introduction” is referenced from References [7]

(11) “Identify : / aɪ /:“y, ui, I, ie, ye, i-e, y-e, igh, ild, ind” is referenced from References [8]

8

Introduction:

Is voiceless consonant sound which is created by two lips (bilabial),

power-on (flosive) (12)

How to pronounce: the first upper and lower lips close and then opene

his mouth slightly, turn inside out to create a sound /p/, pronounce fast Identify:

Only consonants "p" is pronounced as /p/ When it stands at the top of a

word, the end of a word or after S

In unit 3 – Grade 6: “p” is pronouced /p /

Eg : Play

13, Consonant /s/

Introduction:

Voiceless consonant sound is created between the tongue and teeth

(blade-aveolar), rubbing sound (fricative).(13)

How to pronounce: first on the tongue’s face touches the teeth, s side,

tongue movement goes forward, teeth closes nearer When pronouncing /s/

sound blast in the mouth rubs over the other rubbing sound Sound does not

vibrate

Identify the letters which are pronounced /s/

1.c" is pronounced /s/ when it stood before e, i, or y

2 "s" is pronounced /s/ when:

- "S" head of a word "s" inside a word and not in between two vowels

- “S” "at the end of a word to go after f, k, p, t and gh

In unit 6 – Grade 6: “s ” is pronouced /s/

Eg : Six

14, Consonant /ʃ/

(12) “ Introduction” is referenced from References [6]

(13) In this page “ Introduction” is referenced from References [4]

9

Introduction : Voiceless consonant sound which is created between the front face and tongue palate (blade-aveolar), rubbing sound (fricative)

How to pronounce: this is a strong grinding sound First raise pleasantly soft dome to blast can go through the palate Present on the tongue and teeth forming a narrow slit while passing whiff Identify the letters which are pronounced /ʃ/:(14)

1 "c" is pronounced /ʃ/ in front ia, ie, io, iu, ea, ious 2 "sh" is pronounced /ʃ/ when standing at the beginning or end of one words 3 "t" is pronounced /ʃ/when it is inside a word and stands before ia, io, ious 4 "s" is pronounced /ʃ/ when it stands before ia, io

In unit 4 – Grade 7: “sh ” is pronouced /ʃ/

Eg: Ship

In unit 6 – Grade 6: “ch ” is pronouced /ʃ/

Eg :Should

15, Consonant /tʃ/ Introduction: voiceless consonant sound which is created between the front face and tongue palate (blade/front-palato-alveolar), rubbing sound principles (africate)(15) How to pronounce: this is a monophonic start with / t / and ending with / ʃ / First put on the tongue and jaw leg lift pleasantly soft dome to keep the flow of steam in a short time Lower jaw foot off the tongue gently to blast in the mouth to escape, a rubbing sound explosion will be created shortly after

Identify the letters which are pronounced /tʃ/

(14) In this page: “Identify the letters which are pronounced /ʃ /” is referenced from References [8]

(15) In this page: “ Introduction” is referenced from References [3]