How to destroy insects

Làm thế nào để tiêu diệt côn trùng trên cây nhà, hoa, vv, trong cửa sổ, vườn, nhà Làm thế nào để tiêu diệt côn trùng trên cây nhà, hoa, vv, trong cửa sổ, vườn, nhà Làm thế nào để tiêu diệt côn trùng trên cây nhà, hoa, vv, trong cửa sổ, vườn, nhà sách_tiếng_anh

SB

951

H84

PRICE 3Q EKITS.

HOW

f & jnseersf*

HENRYT.WILLIAMS

HAT AILS MY PLANTS? is

%a

question asked more than any

other by lovers of flowers andwindow-gardening; while bugs,

beetles, insects, worms, etc.,

l^vW^^^^T lun over their flowers and

s> pear so often that the cultiva

tor keeps asking all the year round: "How shall 1kill these pests?"

To answer thousands of these.questions and helpevery one out of their difficulties, this little hand-book has been prepared, giving directions, short,sharp, and decisive, how to overcome every insect

in-doors, which troubles window-gardens or plants;

which eats up the vegetables of the garden, which

devours the fruit-trees and shrubs and vines, and

fives inthe homesof anxious,tired housekeepers

And soit is presentedtoyou, reader, as the result

of many thousand experiments and years of ence, ofmanycultivators,and in every particular its

experi-directions have been made simpleandpractical.

PART I.

RED SPIDER.

WaterRemedy.

LOOK on the outside of the leaves ofyour plants

carefullywhenever theyseem troubled or diseased,and

underneath will beseen from one to an innumerable

number ofinsects, red spiders, which suck the juices

entirelyout of the leaves of the plantsuponwhich they

areallowedtoremain

Theyincreaseveryfast inahot,dry atmosphere.Moistureissuredeathtored spider

Thesimplest and cheapest possible remedyis clearwater, forcibly appliedtothefoliage,more particularly

ontheundersides,asoften as necessary

Syringe the plantsfreelyin the morning beforethe

eunshinesuponthem, andintheeveningafterthesun

RedSpideron Fuchsias VariousRemedies.

Fillabarrel nearlyfullof water, slake in itaboutaquarterofapeckofliuie,andlet itstanduntil perfectlyclear Hold the plants in the water(bottom up)for

aboutfiveor ten minutes, then wash them with purewater

Taketwo ouncesofsoftsoap to onegallon ofwater

heated to about140 degrees; dip the plants infested

intoitforhalfa minute; letthemstanduntildry, then4ip a?aininthemixtureatatemperatureofabout120

iegreesfora minute

leavesisalso efficacious

Thered spider delightsinthe heat,and the dryerit

is the more itflourishes, and consequently the more

the plantssuffer; andtheirappearance is attributable

tohaving beenkeptina place too dryand warm

Separate those that are infectedfromthosenot

touch-ed; do so at once youdiscover them Theywill

al-ways befoundontheundersideoftheleaves.The plants should be taken from the window to

a place where water can beused freely. Lay each

on its side in the sink, and pour water over and

over uponit, and keep doingso aslong as any red

(spiders can be seen Doing this once or twice a

week thereafter will be a good preventive oftheirreturn

did succeed withtheTurkish bath(as Icalledit)

inexterminatingthe pest and savingmyplant; butI

havecometo thisconclusion, thatit isonlywith Gen

Jackson's "eternal vigilance" that any louse, mealy

bug, aphis, spider,scale,or slug can be persuaded to

leaveafteritonce gains a strong foothold The bathwas administered in thisway: When thethermometer

wasseveral degreesbelowfreezing, Itook the plant (alarge scarlet salvia) tothe doorstep,laidthe pot onits

sidecarefully,so the soil would notfall out, thentook

mysprinkler,fullofwater, so hot I couldnot bearmy

handinit,sprinkledit all over the plant; then used

coldwatertosprinkleit ; then set it in a dark cellar

twenty-four hours. This I repeated every few days,

andthe objectwasgained. VIOLET."

THEIPS.

THISisa very dangerousinsect,and not easily

dis-cerned.^Is of a blackish color, withrings ofa

dirty

whitecolor Theyarefound upon theunder side of

female,afterlaying her egg,dies,andbecomescoveredwithawhite woolly substance as aprotection tohereggs

Tobacco-smoke,ifdense enough,will destroythrips,

but they takemoreofitthan thecommongreenfly.

Withonly afewplants the troubleistoadministerit

thickand longenough. In the greenhousethereisno

trouble, asthehouseis filled andthesmokeleftuntil it

finallydisappears

Itprobablywillbe more convenienttogivethemasprinklingor syringing with tobacco-water, made by

putting afewstems or othertobacco into scalding hot

water (enoughof the formertomakethe liquida light

brown), then add soap enough tomakea strongsuds

Thiswill,ifadministered as directed,finish the pests

inquickorder

THE APHIS, OR GREEN FLY,

Is larger and more easily seenthan the redspider.

A good, simple remedy,sufficient for purposes ofmostwindow-gardeners,isasfollows:

Takesometobacco, putit in somewater,andlet it

eoak untilitlooks like strong tea The proportionsmaybeabout one-fourthofapoundoftobaccotothree

or four quarts of water This may beapplied with a

syringe Abrush or a spongemaybe dippedintothetobacco-water and used to brush them off. Small

be

HOW TO DESTROY INSECTS 9

Doctor the sick plant with sunshine, charcoal,and

gooddrainage

Theaphis usually attacks those plants in some way

diseased,and whenthisisthe case the plantsmust be

restoredtoperfecthealth again

To Destroythe Aphia withoutTobacco

Ifthe infested plantis small and short,take three orfour laurelleaves,beatthemallover withahammerso

astothoroughly bruise them, then place them round

orunderthe plant, andcover; abell-glassdoesbest

Letallremainclosed for a fewhours,and theideswillbefounddead,each hanging by its proboscisonly

aph-Ifthis process is repeated within a dayor twotomake sure, the plant will be perfectlyfreed, and insomecasesisnotagainattacked

Thiswayofkillingaphidesisparticularly acceptable

to those who donot like tobacco-smoke; all danger

arisingfromanoverdose ofittoa very tender plant is

avoided,and the laurel is so generally grownitmust

be almost everywhere nearathand

TobaccoPowder

is an excellent preparation, and is appliedby means

ofa puffwhenthefoliageisdamp. Itmayalsobep;

pliedby acommontinbox with aperforatedltd.

10 BOW DESTROT

edwith thepowderhisuch amannerthat everyflyrd

ceivesitsshare Tlu powder must be washedoff

againwith the syringein a^out twenty-four hours afterita

application, topreventitsinjuring thefoliage

QuassiaTea

A good insectremedy may be made by steeping

abouttwo ounces ofquassia chips in agallon of hotwater This is very destructive to greenfly if th

plants areimmersedinit.

Geihurt'sCompound,aninsecticide,isalsovery

use-ful.

AK*u>Way ofOvercoming theGreenmy in

riant-cases

"Mvxch the easiest and

completes!; way of keepingthese sap-stealinganddestructive vermin in checkin

crowded plant-cases isto use the fumes of tobacco

Thesewill penetrate every crevice and reaf> everyhidden aphis without thehandlingol a potoraplant,requiring only the use of agoodsyringetoshower anu

fVashthefoliage afterthe fumigation

" Butina small caseit is quite difficult to getupsmoke ofsufficient density to be effective, withoutevolving a damaging amount ofheat fromthe coals

whichit necessary touse as a fewcoals will not

sustain fireenough without flame,whichisueadly xo

theplants And smokefrom a fumigating bellow*is

HOW TO DESTROY INSECTS, 11

operator and pervade the room with the unpleasantodors of the burning weed Aftertwoor threevictor-

ies,badasdefeats,incampaigning against these

ma-raudersinthe recesses ofaplant-case,Icaught a

hap-py suggestion about

'

touch'

which opened thewayto

full successbysosimpleand sobeautiful an operation

thatInowalmostsighformoreaphidestoconquer

"Imade some touch-paperby soakingsoft, felt-like

wrapping-paper,orthe thinner sort of blotting-paper,

inasolution ofsaltpetre, and then allowing it to dry.Taking a strip of this,three or four incheswideand

twice as long, strewing shreds oftobacco all over it,androllingitup from one endintotheshapeof a giantcigar-stump oratiny roily-poly,Ihadaquasi-cartridge,

oneofwhich provessufficientto

destroyeveryaphisin

a6by 3 feet window-case A bit of wire serves to

holdittogetherandtohangit

by.and thereisnothingmoretodo buttotouchitwith a lightandtoclose the

window,layingwetstripsofpaper onthejoint,ifessary,tokeepallsmokeout of the room Thefumespourincessantly and copiously from the ends of thecylinder,rise totheglass,andthenfallcool amongthe

nec-foliage sure asphyxiationtoevery oneofthe robbers

"This

is a peculiarlyeligiblemethodfora small case;

butina largeplant-househot coalscan be usedin ficient quantityto maintain densefumes for half an

suf-hour,ifdesired,withoutriskofburningtheplants. <

"

PersianInsectPowder

Asmall quantity ofthisaddedtoasolution of

whale-oilsoap andhellebore willdestroy the green fly, and

applied with a syringe willkeep all rose-bushes free

frominsects

Another Method

Taketwo ounces ofPersianInsecticide,dissolvedin

one-fourth of a pintofspirits and diluted in ten lonsofwater Twoor three applicationsatintervalsof

gal-everytwoor threedayswilldestroyallinsects

CarbolicSoapforGreenFly

Anexperimentwiththisin killing insectsonplantswasmade by aneditor ofahorticultural jour-nal,with notesandresultsasfollows:

hcuse-"Theyrcen flyis,aseverybody knows,agreatpest,

and one not readily destroyed, exceptby fumigatingwith tonacco, notalwaysvery agreeable

"

decidedsuccess,operatingupon two hundred roses

just

ofwarmwater1putainmpof

soap thesizeofa smallhen's egg Thesoapwascut r :ntosmallpieces,and

thewateragitateduntil itwas aii dissolved,forming a

warmsuds

"Thewater should not be tuo hot,butifnot above

^20 orthereaboutsitwilldono ham) Intothis suds

HOW INSECTS. 13eachrose-bush wasplunged (holding thepot inverted

in the hand), and kept there about a half-minute.After plunging, the plants were set aside for a few

minutes, thendippedinthesame wayintoclean water,

shakingthemaboutthoroughly,washingthe leaves,and

then returnedto theirformerplaceinthe house

"Whether

it wasthe soap or the warm water that

killed the greenfly I will not say, butthere is one

thing certain they arealldead."

Hot Waterwill destroy aphis instantly, without injury to theplant,ifnot toohot

Fahrenheit withoutany tear whatever, exceptingupon

verytenderplants

Asageneralrule,moistureisdeathto insectswhich

infestconservatoryand windowplants.

Whileusing hotwater invert the pot, andhold theearth from falling out with both hands under it,anci

dip thewholeofthe topofthe plant intowater heated

pr-roomnotinuse; cover the plantandsaucer oftobaccowithaconemadeof newspaper, andsmoke for fifteen

ortwenty minutesor less it depends on the insects

andthesizeof theplant. Ifanyofthe aphis arefound

lyingonthe earth ofthepot,they should beremovedanddestroyed,or theywill recoverand returnto their

former haunts

Fumigating

The following device, BO far as the production of

smokeisconcerned,isverysatisfactory

taken tothe tinman, who cuts aholeabout half an

inch acrossinthe bottom,and solders on a taperingtnbesomethinglike the nozzle ofanoil-can In thecover of thebox hecuts anotherhole,andsolderson a

tubeflaring slightly outward, ofasizetofit over thenozzle ofapair of bellows.

TLewholemachinelookslikeoneof theaffairswhich

dealorsinmagic cockroach-powderssellforthe purpose

01mowingthepowder intocracks andcrannies The

boxis filledwith tobacco,and alivecoal insertedjust

underthe cover Thetubeisthen placed on the

bel-lowsandthelatterput in operation Theresultwill

be asmokesuch asnorespectable insect will endure

Frameof Glazed Cloth Itis quitepracticableto

emokeplants, bothindoors andout,by using a light

frame covered with glazed cloth or other reasonablesmoke-proofmaterial This is made largeenough to

putbodily over the bush. The nozzle ofthe

smoke-bellows may then be introduced through a suitableaperture,and inafewminutes, or seconds, the smoke

insidewillbe almostthickenough tocutwith aknife.Cloth Eoll "My way of fumigating plants withtobacco is to take along, narrow strip of cloth and

spreadit out; sprinkletobacco thewhole length,then

rolltightly,placeona stove-cover oranold plateunder

the flower-stand,lighttheroll,andclose alldoors It

generallyproveseffectual M.C.A."TobaccoinSmallDish " Put

coarse stems,

smok-mg-tobacoo,or cigar-endsoncoals inasmalldish,and

holditunderthe plants,overwhicha.newspapershould

bethrowntcconfine thesmoke among them untilthe

lice arestupefied; then shake the plants thoroughly,

and sweepawayall the insects which fall from them

After that sprinkle them thoroughly, taking care to

wetthe leavesbelowaswell asabove."

Another Wait of Fumigating Agardener inthe

HullBotanical Garden ofLondon adoptsthismethod

tocleangreenfliesthatinfesthis house-plants:

"

Laythe plantonitssideina wash-tub, throw over

itadamptowel,or, better,abitof glazedcalicolining*

andthen,through an openingatthe bottom,have yourhusband insert the end of apipe,and through itIMLhim

pert.'*i (fled,"but,ifatowelisused,itshould be

freshly washed and wrung out before using,and be

withoutholes Thep^pe-stemshould reachtothe

bot-tomofthetub

"Becarefulwhenanumberof plants are in flower

in agreenhouse or conservatory; tobacco-smoke willspoiltheflowers."

OtherWaysof Fumigation Placethe plantsunder

abarrel,togetherwith adish ofburningtobacco-stems

andleaves,andthe smokingwillbe effectual,closingthe career of aphis,mealy lug,greenfly,andbrown

scale

Thesmokewill bestrongenoughtosuffocatehuman

beings; andthe plants even,on beingconfinedinitfor

an hour,will look pitiful enough, but washing withcleanwaterwillenliventhemquickly.

Submerging Anothercultivatorprepares a quantity

ofwarmsudsin alarge,deep vessel,a bathing-tubor

somethingsimilar,then covers the surface of thesoil in

the pot withacircular piece ofpasteboard fastenedonwith a stout cloth bandageto preventdislodgment of

the soilby the water, and lays the pot lengthwise

therein Every partofthe plantmust becompletelysubmerged and remain thus halfanhour Exceptin

HOW TO INSECTS 17

THE MEALY BUG.

THE mealy bug is a veryannoyingiusect; itpearslikea white mealyspot, iutmore tlua one-third

ap-as

large as a lady-bug, and ir'Jests the wotchets of

smooth-barkedplants, and also gets into -,hecracks of

*ae barkofrough- barked plants; here it hatches its

nesta ofyoungones Thebestway to destroyit isto

brushthestems with an old tooth-brushdipped into'he strongest soap-suds you can make, with a little

soot added to the water, and then give the plants agoodsprinkling; itcan be scrapedoffwith the finger-

nails,butthe processisnot an agreeable one

S.0 J

Letitoncegetafoothold,and it is very difficultto

getridofit.

Theycan also be kept downby frequent syringing

with warm, greasy water, to which a little sulphurshould be added; butif full-grown, they should bepickedoffby thehandora small, sharp-pointedstick

Alcoholissuredeathto the mealy bug It can beremoved from thousandsof the most delicate plants,without aparticle of injury,by simply applying fre-

quently,forafew weeks,alcoholdiluted with fi-joper

tent,ofwater

Themost convenientwaytouseit isby afinebrujh

putthroughthecorkofa wide-mouthedbottle

testimonyofanIllinoiswindow-gardener: " Formore

thana year 1have usedkerosenetodestroymealy bugandscale louse,and have founditamost convenient

and effectual remedy Iapply ittothebacks of the

insectswithafeather and brush lightly around the

axilsof the leaves infected,undIhavenotfound any

injurious effects of its use upon the most tender

plants."

Powdered white Jtellebore and whale-oil soap,

dis-solvedandsprinkled throughanysprinkler, will dothe

workeffectually.

THE SCALE.

THEscaleorshield louseisaverytroublesomepeet.

Whileyoung theymove aboutfreely,but as they getolder they fixthemselvespermanentlyupontheunder-

sideoftheleaves or stems,and bya secretionfromthe

bodyascaleisproduced,underthecover ofwhich the

insectlives,laysits

eggs,andmultiplies. Thesescales

arefound more particularlyupon oleanders, azaleas,

camellias, pine-apples,roses,cactus,.palms

Themost effectual remedyisto washand sprinkle

the plant with asolutionofPersianInsecticide or kurtCompound.

Gir-Hub the infected parts with the hand, or pick or

Aid spider,insolutions specially intended for that in

ject,particularlythat ofsoftsoap

Wkiiehelleboreandsoapwill clear thispest. One

application,ifthorough,will be sufficient, although asecond application twc or three weeks after may benecessarytodisposeofanewgeneration.

SLUGS ON BEGONIAS.

SLUGS are occasionally seen eating large holesor

aotchesinthe leaves of all succulents and begonias,

iaakingthemunsalable and unsightly. They usuallyfeedduringthenight.

Thebestmodeofridding thehouseoftheseistocutpotatoes, turnips, or some other fleshy vegetable in

halves,whentheywillgatherupon them and areeasilydestroyed

SPRINKLE guanoonthemoraroundtheirhaunts

WHITE WORMS.

soilswhereplants arekeptin pots,mayberemoved asfollows:

Lime-watermaybe sprinkled over the soil,ora tleslaked lime may be sprinkled also on the earth

lit-andinthesaucerofthepot.

Lime-water mayeasilybe madeby slakinga

largepiece of lime in a pailof cold water,lettingitsettle,

andthen bottlingforuse Give eachpota

tablespoon-fultwice aweek

EARTH-WORMS IN THE SOU OP POTS

OR LAWN.

a.TAKE corrosivesublimate,one ounce; common

tilldissolved Pourthe mixtureinto nine gallons ofrain-water,and waterthelawn or the soil in flower-

potswhereverthewormsaretobefound

lAme-ivater forWorms

b. Acultivatorsays: "I

have always had goodsue

ressbyusing lime-waterinthe proportionofone pound

of lime to four gallons of water Let it stand overnight till perfectly clear; wet theeartli but not the

plant Ihave never neededtosseitmorethan*,\vice,

and seldom butonce."

HOW DESTROY 21 For small quantities, dissolvealump of unslacked

lime, aslargeasan Englishwalnut,toa quart of water

o. Anotherpreparation, verygood, is one ounce ofpulverized carbonate of ammonia to one gallon ofwater

d. Smallbitsofcamphor,dugin the earthamongtherootsof pot-plants,will effectuallydestroyearth-worms.

Hasprovedacomplete successinmanytrials.

e. Take a turnip, cutin pieces,andplaceonthe earth

at night; in the morning the wormswillbe at

break-fastonthe turnip Removeandkill.

/ Bakingthe earthinanovenwillkill allanimal orinsect life ifother remedies proveunsuccessful This

never fails, while with liquid remedies some will be

successful, others unfortunate

Onecultivator observed that inbaking the earth it

burnta little, and she noticed that her plants never

did better; the petunias and pelargoniums that hadbeen repotted in it were splendid in growth and per-

fectlygorgeousin color

g. Repotplantsinfreshsoil, ifyoudonotwishtotakethe trouble of othermethodsof destroying theworms

h. AnEnglish ladyflower-loverfound thatthewater

the family potatoeswere boiled inwas a sure cure for

worms; putit cold or warmonthe earth It isaverysimpleremedy, andothershavetrieditwithsuccess

*'. Sprinkle wood-ashes over the tops of the crocks,

andalsooverthesurface of theearth

88 HOW

j.Putyourplantsintosaucersfilledwith boiling hot

waterj the heatwillcause the tinyrnites to ascendto

the surface; thenpourwarmwater uponthesoil,

wash-ingoffeverywormyou cansee by holding the potso

asto letthem runoff. Nowscatterred pepperthicklyaver thesurface,andthe worms will not trouble youmuch

Wormsin,Pots

a.Aladycultivatorhas destroyed theseby

weaken-ingammoniawithwaterand pouring aroundtheroots of

theplants. Put one ounceofammoniaintoonegallon

ofwarm water, and water the plants withit once a

week;theywillbefreefromthewormsand bebeautiful

addgreen.

6. Asuccessfulwayistoremove the plant,washita

Toots inwarmwater; letitremain inwatertillthe pot

is refilled with earth well heated,soastokill allthe

wormsor eggs thatmaybe laidwithin thesoil. Wash

the potinwaterwarmenoughtokill allthatmayheretoit.

ad-?. Takefine-cut tobacco, sp ^adathin layerontoj.

cf theearth around the plantwhen theearthisdry

thenwaterfreelyjrepeatifneeded andfirstapplicatioj

i not thorough

d Pov.r asolutionof tannic acidaroundthe plant

mdthewormswillbe broughttothesurface,whenth*v

HOW TO DESTROY M SECTS. 2>

A cultivator,who had tried saltandlime-water on

pot-plaiits and soil to rid themof the worms,at lasttriedanothermethod

Hotwaterwas turned into the saucers of the pots,

and warm wood-ashes spread ovei the surface of theearth and dug inwith a hair-pin. Theinsectswere

drivenaway,andthepotashwasgoodfortheplants.

Wire-Wormsin,Pots

To kill wire-worms in potsuse salt,sprinkled over

thesoil,oradiluted solution,notstrong.

The most effectual way, however, is to turn theplants out of the potsandsearchfortheworms

GRUBS IN POTS.

Thebestwayof dealingwithsoilinfectedwithgrub,

is to expose it to a fierceheat beforeusingit. For

example,itmaybe putintheovenfora fewhours

tokilltheworms,arealsostrong enoughtododamage

tothe rootsoftenderplants.

Analways safewayis toturn the plants out of thepotsandsearchfortheworms, andreplace theball inthe pot again

OLEANDER BUGS.

Todestroy thelittlebugsthatcomeonthe oleandertakea piece of lime thesizeofa hen'segg and dissolve

itinabouttwoquarts of water,andwashthestockaud

branches of thetree

PLANT-LICE.

Takethreeand ahalfouncesquassia chips;addfiv

drachms Stavesacreseeds,in powder; placein seven

pints of water, andboil down tofive pints. When

cooled the strainedliquidisreadyfor use, either in awatering-pot or syringe

ToKillGreenLiceonFlowers,

Take wood-soot or coal-ashes; where the soot hasburntinthechimney,sprinkleonbeforearain,makeo,

tea ofit,andwaterthem

This was triedforthree yearsin awindowgarden

HOW jWSECTS.

PLIES.

Fliesdo not in general injure house-plants,butany

fly, friendly or deadly, may be removed by liberally

sprinklingweakenedammonia-water

SNAILS.

Snails are sometimesmetwith Alittle air-slackedlime thrown on t^,placestheyinfestisthe best pre-ventive againsttheirravages

Snailsand AntsinFerneries

Cut potatoes or yellow turnips in halves,scoopoutthe pieces,andlaytheminthe fernery Theslugsandnails willgotothem,andareeasilycaught

Sorinkle a little fine sugar through a dry, coarsesponge; the antswillgointothesponge, andare easilydestroyedbyputting thespongeinhot water

SCALE ON IVY.

Scrapeoffthe scalewith afine knife,beingcareful

not to woundthe barkof the plant Thisisthetmly

efficacious

thing, aseven afaithfulwashing with astiff

36 HOW

Rose-slugs,

Thebodyofthe slugisaboutonequarter ofannaet\

long,greenandsoft like jelly Slugs eat theuppersm

faceoftheleaf,leaving the veinsand skinunderneatiuntouched

Theyaremost troublesomein June, and frequer>tl

reappearinAugust

They increase very rapidly, and will destroy the

foliageofthe largestbushesinafewhours

Thefollowing areremediesusedbyvariousflorists ?

a Takewhite helleborepowder,mixwith water,and

sprinkle overthem.

b. Dustthe plants thoroughly withpowderedlime,

plaster-of-paris,orashes.

c. Evenroaddustmay'beused instead of lime,and

beasefficacious; repeat vigorouslyasoften asmaybe

required

d Sprinkle the plants thoroughly with a strong suds

madeofsoftsoap.

e. Whale-oil soap,whenever it can beobtained,/

the best ofspecial insecticides. Itisapowerfulenemy

ofallinsectlife,andisnowfor salerji all agricultural

stores Use one pound dissolved in eight gallons of

water, or a quarter of a poundtjtwo pailsofwater;

applied bymeans ofa

syringe every evening fora

HOW TO DESTR Y INSECTS 2?/ Anotherusefularticleforthe destruction of rose-

,arid other insect enemies of the rose or other

gardenplants,isfoundinthePersianPowder,soldby

mostflorists.

The powdershouldbeapplied three timestothe

rose-oushesbeforethebudsappear,for after the budshave

grownthepowder marsthebud andthe leaves

g Sprinkle sulphur on therose-bushes early,when

thedewison

h Paris green. A correspondent of the FloralCabinet used thisremedyfor two yearswith thebestsuccess "Asmall tablespoouful wasmixedinapail-

ful of water,andappliedwitha gardenwater-pot If

used whenthe slugsfirst maketheirappearance,they

can be wholly exterminatedbefore flowers or foliageare at all injured Last year we applied it tosome

very choiceroses,andintwenty-four hoursafternotadugcouldbefound."

t. Takeone ounceofcarbonateofammonia,

dissolv-edinapailfulof water,andthensprinkle the plants.

Hose-bugs

Avery determinedand obstinateenemy. It comessvithout premonition,fliejdirectly into the fresh-open-ingbud,andburrowsahomein themiddleof the blos-

soms ofyour most beautifuland carefully cherished

Nonecf the usualinsectenemies conquerhim, so'the

war must bewagedbyhand

Hand-pickingisthe only efficacious remedy This

IAslow butsure Beginearlyinthemorning; pickor

brushthemintoavessel containing boiling water,after

whichgatherthemtogetherand burn them

Jur-slacked lime scattered over the bushes wnile

weiwithdewin the earlymorning is

appears, unlessit isinconsiderablenumbers, andmay

be detected bythe browned ordeadened appearance

oftheleaves

MMStareissuredeathtoit.

Sprinkle or wash with water frequently. If thjplants are badly attacked,sponge theundersideof theleavesdaily.

GreenFly.

Ifthe aphis or greenflyattack roses,anapplication

of tobacco-waterwill usually makean endofthem,orfinely-powdered tobaccomaybesprinkledonthemfrom

anold pepper-box

Thegreenflyattacks theyoungshoots,andwillfirst

be found at tha extremitiesofthe branches Itfeeds

3bthe juicea of the plant,arid will soon sicken and

starveawholebush

The usualapplication oftobacco-smokeforhalfanhour under abarrelwillalwayskillthemcompletely.

MildewonRoses

This is manifested by a whitish-looking mould 01

dustonthe plants

Ifplants aregrowing outof doors,stirthe soil

fre-quently If plants are growing in doors, sprinkle afine dusting offlour of sulphur overthewholeplant.

Ingeneral sulphurwillprove agoodantidotetomildew

on anyplant

TheYellows

Ifthe leaves ofyour rose-bush turn yellow fromany cause, and it looks unhealthy, take up in the

morning, put in milk-warmwater,and carefullywash

the rootsj thiswillbe found very beneficial; itshould

remain in water, sufficient to cover the roots, until

evening, and,aftermellowingthesoil, againsetitout,

shieldfromthesun a fewdays.

A weak decoction of soot-waterisexcellent; butii

must beappliedveryweak andnottoofrequently.

JParisGreen

& remedyisusedby somewithgreat care, asfollows,

forallinsectenemiesofallplaits:

ounce to three gallons of water Sprinkle over theplantswithasmallbroom.

It is suredestruction to allinsectsthat eatleaves,butit a questionwhetherit isnot so dangerous aa

tobeneedful of great care tohandle with safety, aait

iapoisonousalso tohuman beings. Keepthemixture

?yellstirred,asthegreensettles rapidly

Scotch Snuff

A ladywhogenerally keeps offall her insectsby

frequent sprinkling says: "Whereany dodareto

in-trude,they get Scotch snufftothe rightofthem,Scotchsnuff to theleft ofthem, andScotch snuffallaroundthem,till theair, tothem,is thick with Scotch snuff,andthey probablyendtheirexistencebysneezingtheir

beforesprinkling again."

Jtose-grubg

Itthere are any grubsinstemsof roses runafine

wire intotheirholesandkillthem

Hose-sluys

Add ateaspoonful of powdered white hellebore to

twogallons of boiling water Apply,whencold, in a

fine spray,bending the tops overso astoreachtheundersurface oftheleaves Oneapplicationisusually

sufficient

.Rose-slugs Wood-ashes,

An experienced cultivator, aftertryingpickingoff

the slugs by handand burning them, alsovarious

remedies, suchas hellebore,pansgreen,etc.,withdifferent success, atlast found nothing that ivould so

in-thoroughlydestroy rose-slugs as wood-ashes.

The ashes must be sifted on early in themorning,

while the leaves are damp,the branches being turnedover

carefully, so that theunder sidesofthe leaves, to

whichtheyoung <jlugclings,mayget their shareofthe

eiftings

Ifthe night has been dewless,in ordertomakethe

workthoroughfirst sprinkle the bushes,and theashes

will thencling to the slugs,totheirutter destruction

Thismay be repeated withoutinjury tothe roses,aeoftenasthe pestsmaketheirappearance

VARIOUS HINTS AND REMEDIES FOR

DESTROYING INSECTS.

Kerosene,or Coal-oil,asa"Rem&dyforInsects

A LADYcultivatorusesonetablespoonful ofkerosene

oil mixed with one pail of water, and syringes theplants occasionally,beingcarefulnotto allowmuchofthewatertogetuponthesoilinthepot.

Another lady cultivator dips a littlebruth in

finds it sure death However,iftheoil touches theplantsitwilldestroythemalso

Alum-waterfor DestroyingSouseXnsects^etc.

Noinsectwhichusuallyinfeststhe house,andcrawlsover thefloorsorwoodwork, can liveunderthe appli-cationofJiotalum-water

It will destroy red and "black ants, cockroaches,

spiders, chintz-bugs,and all the crawling pests that

infestthe house

Take two poundsofalum anddissolve it in three

or four quarts of boilingwaterj let itstandon thefire

until the alum is all melted, then apply it with a

brush, while nearly boiling hot, to every joint and

crevice in yourclosets,bedsteads,pantry shelves,and

thelike

Brushthe crevicesinthefloorof the skirting or

mop-boards,ifyou suspect that theyharborvermin. Ifin

whitewashing aceiling plentyofalumis addedtothelime,itwillalsoservetokeepinsectsatadistance

Cockroacheswill fleepaintwhich has been washedin

coolalum-water

Sow touse Tobacco-water

The mosteffectual wayto usetobacco-wateris asfollows: Procurethe strongest shag,andmakeanin-

fusionby pouring uponitboiling water

TJw

HOW INSECTS.

re-maindercoldsometimeafterwards

Asafe rule forplants ofevery kindistoallowhalf a

fftdlonof watertoeveryounce oftobacco

Thetobacco maybe infuseda second time and the

liquidaddedtothefirst ; thesecondinfusionshouldbe

notmorethan a quartofwater to every ounceof

to-bacco Plantswith leathery leaveswill bearstronger

doses than plants with thin, papery leaves, and thebesttimetouse the liquidisin the afternoon or evening

Smallplants are best cleansedby dipping them

Have ready a vessel large enough forthepurpose

one hand,and place the fingersof the other overthe

soil in just the same manneras if aboutto turntheplant out of thepot. In thiswaydip the plant head

downwards into the liquid, and hold it there a few

seconds

Iftherearemanytobeoperated on,itwould bewell

tohavetheliquidin atrough and somepieces ofwoodlaidacross; onthe pieces ofwoodtheedgesofthe potscould rest,and,beginningatoneend, the plantscould

be turned overwith theirheads in the liquid,andmainsotillthe troughis filled,which,of course,wouldoccupybutabrief space of time

re-When taken out of the bath the plants should be

laidon their sidetodrain, and then be well syringed

This methodofproceeding entirelyprevents the sorptionbythesoil in the potsofanyof the tobacco-water,which would injure the roots,and it moreover

ab-ensures thecompletewetting of the undersides ofthe

leaves The liquidshould always,ifpossible,beused

tepid,and it is then more effectual than when used

quitecold. Indeed,itmay be usedashotasthehand

willbearitcomfortably without injurytotheplants.

An Easy WayofMaltingTobacco-tea

Aladyfamous forher success in splendid, healthyplants giveshersecret asfollows:

"

Every two weeks all the winter I wouldtake ahandfulof tobacco-stems and steep them bypouring

boilingwateroverthemuntilit lookedlikestrong tea;

then,whenthe tea cooledenoughforthehandtobear,I

poureditover theplants. Sometimesthe leaveswould

wilt for a few moments, andthen straighten out andhavethatbright, freshlook they have insummerafter

ashower ThenIwouldweakenthe teaalittlemore

and wet the ground in the pots, and I have no redspider orgreenfly."

Sowtouse Whale-oil Soap

Mixwhale-oilsoapandsulphurtogetherinthe portion ofone ounceofthe formerandhalfan ounceof

pro-the latter to agallon ofwater,and give the plants a

good washingwhileat rest It will prove most

spider,which,ifnotkeptin check, aretroublesomewhen

the plants arein fullgrowth,and weaken them much

by causing the leaves to turn a sickly color and

fall off,sothatthe flowers are neither so plentifulnorso

fineason avigorous, healthy plant.

successfully lay the plant overa tub in

such away that theshoots,which are verybrittle,donotgetbroken,andwith a powerful syringedashthe

mixture thoroughly into every joint, and it usually

keepsthe plants cleanforthe season

Theplants are turned onthe side towettheunder

sidesof the leaves,whichisthe general hiding-placeforinsects,andalso topreventthewaterfrom dropping on

thesoilinthe pots; for,although, notdeleterious in

water frompassingfreely

Itis notadvisable touse thisor anyother mixture

on the foliage while the growth is youngand tender,andcertainlynotwheninflower

The foliageofazaleasis very easily injuredwhenin

ayoung state,and requires great careif necessaryto

fumigate with tobaccoatanytime; but ifthe plantsare clean before flowering, afree use ofthe hose orsyringeeach daywhile growing is

usually sufficientto

keepinsects in check

ToRestore Frost-bitten Plants

If by any accident plants become frost-bitten,

SOW TO

while they are stiff,in cold water,and keeping them

thusinadarkened roomforan houror two, or placing

theminthecellar foranight orBO

WhiteSpotsonWindow-sills

Awhite spotisoftenmadeon a painted window-sill

byallowing flower-potato setlong thereon Toremedy

thistake finewood-ashes,rub the spot,thenwashoff

with clean water

NOTES AND FLORAL EXPERIENCES

OfCultivators inDestroyingInsectsand Using

Remedies.

PlantParasites

THE struggle with parasitesisthe plant-lover's chief

greenlouseisabrilliant,bright-eyedanimalunderthemicroscope,buthis brilliancy willhardly atone forhis

enormousappetite. Bedspiders are activelittle

work-ersandeasilydiscovered Theywillnot nourishunder

frequent cold baths, while the aphideswill not yield

toanything buthotwater and theheavyhandoffate.Theyaretobebrushedoffthe plants;then, unlessbo'l-

ingwater is poured overthem(in thesink),theycan

beseenwalkingtip-toethrough the coldwaterin

pur-suitof vegetation once more; eternal vigilance cankeep them decimated,and plantsmostinfestedshould