Test bank for introduction to general organic and biochemistry 11th edition by bettelheim

Which law relates the volume and pressure of a gas under conditions of constant temperature?. Which law relates the volume and temperature of a gas under conditions of constant pressurea

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a covalent bonds b intermolecular forces

c intramolecular forces d nuclear forces

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

TOPICS: 5.1 – WHAT ARE THE THREE STATES OF MATTER?

2 Which of the following increases as temperature increases?

a kinetic energy b nuclear forces

c potential energy d none of these

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

3 In which state of matter are the attractive forces between molecules the weakest?

4 Which of the following is true of the types attractive forces present in the three states of matter?

a They are different in each of the three states

b They are the same in each of the three states

c They are the same in gases and liquids, but different in solids

d They are the same in liquids and solids, but different in gases

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

5 Which physical state of matter could be represented by the following model?

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6 If the change from A to B as represented by the models given below occurred,

A B

which of the following is correct?

a The velocity of the particles increases b The strength of the intermolecular forces increases

c The kinetic energy of the particles decreases d both b and c

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

7 Consider a substance as represented by the following models The temperature of the substance is decreased to a very low value

8 Consider a substance as represented by the following models

9 Consider the following diagram The liquid in the apparatus is mercury

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If the pressure of the gas sample on arm B is 1.0 atm, what will be the difference in the heights of the mercury column in arms A and B? This difference is represented

in the diagram by the variable h?

TOPICS: 5.2 – WHAT IS GAS PRESSURE AND HOW DO WE MEASURE IT?

10 Air pressure can be expressed in which of the following units?

a atmospheres b millimeters of Hg

c torr d any of these

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

11 Which of the following is a unit of pressure?

a mm of Hg b pascals

c torr d They are all units of pressure

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

12 Which of the following instruments is used to measure the pressure of a gas sample?

a an altimeter b a barometer

c a manometer d an odometer

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

13 Which of the following instruments is used to measure atmospheric pressure?

a an altimeter b a barometer

c a manometer d an odometer

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

14 Which of the following exerts the greatest pressure?

a a 20 gram object on a surface of 0.50 cm2

b a 40 gram object on a surface of 2.0 cm2

c a 60 gram object on a surface of 3.0 cm2

d None, they all exert the same pressure

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

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15 Which of the following exerts the greatest pressure?

a a 40 gram object on a surface of 2.0 cm2

b a 60 gram object on a surface of 3.0 cm2

c a 80 gram object on a surface of 4.0 cm2

d None, they all exert the same pressure

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

16 Which law relates the volume and pressure of a gas under conditions of constant temperature?

a Avogadro’s law b Boyle’s law

c Charles’s law d Dalton’s law

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

TOPICS: 5.3 – WHAT ARE THE LAWS WHICH GOVERN THE BEHAVIOR OF GASES?

17 Which law relates the volume and temperature of a gas under conditions of constant pressure?

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

18 Which law relates the pressure and temperature of a gas under conditions of constant volume?

a Boyle’s law b Charles’s law

c Dalton’s law d Gay-Lussac’s law

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

19 Which gas law is most directly related to the process of inhaling and exhaling?

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

20 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Boyle’s Law?

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21 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Boyle’s Law?

a P1/V2 = P2/V1 b P1/V1 = P2/V2

c P1/T2 = P2/T1 d P1/T1 = P2/T2

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

22 What temperature scale should be used if we wish to express Charles’s Law as a simple direct proportionality?

a Fahrenheit b Celsius

c Kelvin d It makes no difference

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

23 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Charles’s Law?

a P1/V2 = P2/V1 b P1/V1 = P2/V2

c V1/T2 = V2/T1 d V1/T1 = V2/T2

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

24 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Charles’s Law?

a P1V2 = P2V1 b P1V1 = P2V2

c V1T2 = V2T1 d V1T1 = V2T2

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

25 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Gay-Lussac’s Law?

a P1/V2 = P2/V1 b P1/V1 = P2/V2

c P1/T2 = P2/T1 d P1/T1 = P2/T2

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

26 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of Gay-Lussac’s Law?

a P1V2 = P2V1 b P1V1 = P2V2

c P1T2 = P2T1 d P1T1 = P2T2

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

27 At constant temperature the pressure on a 6.0 L sample of gas is increased from 1.0 atm to 2.0 atm What is the new volume of the gas sample?

a 0.33 L b 0.67 K

c 1.5 L d 3.0 L

ANSWER: d

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POINTS: 1

28 At constant temperature the pressure on a 6.0 L sample of a gas is reduced from 2.0 atm to 1.0 atm What is the new volume of the gas sample?

a 0.083 L b 0.33 L

c 3.0 L d 12 L

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

29 At constant temperature the pressure on a 10.0 L sample of gas is changed from 1.00 atm to 1140 torr What is the new volume of the gas sample?

a 0.00877 L b 6.67 L

c 15.0 L d 114 L

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

30 At constant temperature the pressure on a 10.0 L sample of gas is changed from

1140 torr to 1.00 atm What is the new volume of the gas sample?

a 0.00877 L b 6.67 L

c 15.0 L d 114 L

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

31 At constant pressure the temperature of a 4.00 L sample of gas is increased from

300 K to 400 K What is the new volume of the gas sample?

a 0.188 L b 0.300 L

c 3.33 L d 5.33 L

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

32 At constant pressure the temperature of a 4.00 L sample of gas is decreased from

400 K to 300 K What is the new volume of the gas sample?

a 0.188 L b 0.333 L

c 3.00 L d 5.33 L

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

33 At constant pressure the temperature of a 4.00 L sample of gas is increased from

25 °C to 50.°C What is the new volume of the gas sample?

a 2.00 L b 3.69 L

c 4.34 L d 8.00 L

ANSWER: c

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POINTS: 1

34 At constant pressure the temperature of a 4.0 L sample of gas is decreased from

50 °C to 25 °C What is the new volume of the gas sample?

a 2.00 L b 3.69 L

c 4.34 L d 8.00 L

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

35 The combined gas law combines which gas laws?

a Boyle’s and Charles’s

b Charles’s and Gay-Lussac’s

c Boyle’s and Gay-Lussac’s

d Boyle’s, Charles’s and Gay-Lussac’s

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

36 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of the combined gas law?

a P1V2/T1 = P2V1/T2 b P1V2/T2 = P2V1/T1

c P1V1/T2 = P2V2/T1 d P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

37 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of the combined gas law?

a P1V2T1 = P2V1T2 b P1V2T2 = P2V1T1

c P1V1T2 = P2V2T1 d P1V1T1 = P2V2T2

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

38 Suppose a balloon is filled so that its volume is 2.00 L when the pressure is 750 torr and the temperature is 24°C What volume will it occupy if it rises to an

elevation where the pressure is 375 torr and the temperature is 12°C?

a 0.261 L b 0.500 L

c 2.00 L d 3.84 L

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

39 Suppose a balloon is filled so that its volume is 2.00 L when the pressure is 1.10 atm and the temperature is 300 K What volume will it occupy if it rises to an

elevation where the pressure is 418 mm Hg and the temperature is 200 K?

a 3.30 L b 2.67 L

c 0.375 L d 0.303 L

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ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

40 Which of the following will occur if the temperature of a gas is increased from 20°C to 40°C at constant pressure?

a The volume will double

b The volume will be halved

c The volume will decrease slightly

d The volume will increase slightly

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

41 Which of the following will occur if the temperature of a gas is increased from 20

K to 40 K at constant pressure?

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

42 Which of the following will occur if the temperature of a gas is decreased from 60°C to 30°C at constant pressure?

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

43 Which of the following will occur if the temperature of a gas is decreased from

60 K to 30 K at constant pressure?

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

44 A gas is expanded from an initial volume of 20.5 L at 0.92 atm at 23 °C to a final volume of 34.6 L During the expansion the gas cools to 12 °C What is the final

pressure?

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a 0.28 atm b 0.52 atm

c 0.57 atm d 1.9 atm

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

45 A student obtained experimental data and plotted it graphically, but forgot to label the axes of the graph How should the axes of the graph shown here be labeled?

a the x-axis is the T and the y-axis is V

b the x-axis is the T and the y-axis is P

c the x-axis is the P and the y-axis is V

d the x-axis is the P and the y-axis is T

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

46 Which law relates the volume and number of molecules of a gas under

conditions of constant temperature and pressure?

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

TOPICS: 5.4 – WHAT ARE AVOGADRO’S LAW AND THE IDEAL GAS LAW?

47 A sample of carbon dioxide occupies 22.4 L at STP Which of the following

statements apply to the sample?

a The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 atoms

b The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 atoms of oxygen

c The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules

d None of the above is correct

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

48 A sample of carbon dioxide occupies 22.4 L at STP Which of the following

statements apply to the sample?

a The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 carbon atoms

b The sample contains 6.02 × 1023 molecules

c Both a and b are correct

d Neither a nor b is correct

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

49 A student has equal-volume samples of three gases All the gases are at the same temperature and pressure If the three gases are O2, CO2, NH3, which sample

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contains the largest number of molecules?

50 A student has equal-volume samples of three gases All the gases are at the same temperature and pressure If the three gases are O2, CO2, NH3, which sample

contains the largest number of atoms?

51 Which of the following could be a correct set of units for the ideal gas law

52 What is the volume occupied by an 8.00 gram sample of molecular oxygen at STP?

a 5.60 L b 11.2 L

c 22.4 L d 44.8 L

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

53 If an 8.00 gram sample of molecular oxygen at 1.00 atm pressure occupies 3.00

L, what is the temperature of the sample?

a 146°C b 146 K

c 73°C d 73 K

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

54 If a 7.00 gram sample of molecular nitrogen at 10 °C occupies 2.50 L, what is the pressure of the sample?

a 1.28 atm b 2.32 atm

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c 2.56 atm d 4.65 atm

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

55 Which of the following is called standard temperature and pressure?

a 0°C and 1 atm b 0°F and 1 atm

c 0 K and 1 atm d none of these

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

56 Standard temperature and pressure are which of the following?

a 0 °C and 1 atm b 32 °F and 1 atm

c 273 K and 1 atm d all of these

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

57 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of the ideal gas law?

a PV = n/RT b PV = nRT

c V = nP/RT d PV = RT/n

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

58 Which of the following is a mathematical statement of the ideal gas law?

a PVRT = n b PV/RT = n

c VRT/P = n d n = RT/PV

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

59 If 2.00 moles of NO gas occupies 10.0 L at 295 K, what is the pressure of the gas

60 A certain quantity of neon gas is under 1.05 atm pressure at 303 K in a 10.0 L vessel How many moles of neon are present?

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61 An unknown amount of He gas occupies 30.5 L at 2.00 atm pressure and 300 K What is the weight of the gas in the container?

a 2.48 g b 4.95 g

c 9.91 g d 19.8 g

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

62 Which of the following might correspond to the O2 pressure in a hyperbaric chamber?

a 160 torr b 760 torr

c 1600 torr d none of these

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

TOPICS: 5.5 – WHAT IS DALTON’S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES?

63 Which law applies only to mixtures of gases?

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

64 A closed flask contains a 0.25 moles of O2 which exerts a pressure of 0.50 atm If 0.75 moles of CO2 is added to the container what is the pressure of oxygen?

a 0.50 atm b 1.0 atm

c 1.5 atm d 2.0 atm

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

65 A closed flask contains a 0.25 moles of O2 which exerts a pressure of 0.50 atm If 0.75 moles of CO2 is added to the container what is the total pressure in the flask?

a 0.50 atm b 1.0 atm

c 1.5 atm d 2.0 atm

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

66 Dry air is 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen and 0.93% argon with the 0.04% being other gases If the atmospheric pressure is 760.0 torr, what is the partial pressure of nitrogen in dry air?

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