Geographical education in a changing world

Stoltman ...23 Changing Philosophies in Geographical Education from the 1970s to 2005 $Q,QWHUQDWLRQDO3HUVSHFWLYH Hartwig Haubrich ...39 &KDQJLQJ/HDUQLQJDQG7eaching Ashley Kent ...55 &KDQ

Geographical Education in a Changing World

The GeoJournal Library

Managing Editor: Max Barlow, Concordia University,

Montreal, Canada

Founding Series Editor:

Wolf Tietze, Helmstedt, Germany

Editorial Board: Paul Claval, France

Yehuda Gradus, IsraelSam Ock Park, South KoreaHerman van der Wusten, The Netherlands

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.Volume 85

University of Wales Swansea, UK

Associate Professor of Education,

Emeritus Professor of Education,

Queenland University of Technology,

A C.I.P Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

Published by Springer,

Printed on acid-free paper

All Rights Reserved

No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form

or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

Printed in the Netherlands.

CONTENTS

Researching Change and Changing Research in Geographical Education

John Lidstone & Michael Williams 1

S ECTION A T RADITIONS I N S CHOOL G EOGRAPHY Introduction Messages from the Past Bill Marsden 19

Turning Points in Geographic Education Joseph P Stoltman 23

Changing Philosophies in Geographical Education from the 1970s to 2005 $Q,QWHUQDWLRQDO3HUVSHFWLYH Hartwig Haubrich 39

&KDQJLQJ/HDUQLQJDQG7eaching Ashley Kent 55

&KDQJLQJ$ssessment Philip Stimpson 73

S ECTION B C ONTEMPORARY S CHOOL G EOGRAPHY Introduction School Geography and International Trends John Lidstone 87

Geography in Europe Graham Butt, Michael Hemmer, Agustin Hernando & Lea Houtsonen 93

*HRJUDSKLFDO(GXFDWLRQLQ1RUWK$PHULFD&DQDGDDQGWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV RI$PHULFD) 6DUDK:LWKDP%HGQDU]5REHUW6%HGQDU]7'LFNVRQ0DQV¿HOG Stuart Semple, Ronald Dorn & Michael Libbee 107

*HRJUDSK\LQ$ustralasia Margaret Robertson & Philippa Ferguson 127

*HRJUDSKLFDO(GXFDWLRQLQ(DVW$sia Chi-chung Lam, Peiying Lin, John Chi-kin Lee, Sze Onn Yee & Guang Yang 139

Acknowledgements vii

List of Contributors ix

Foreword International Geographical Education Past, Present and Future xiii

*HRJUDSKLFDO(GXFDWLRQLQ6RXWK$merica

Maria Lúcia De Amorim Soares, Beatriz Ceballos García, Griselda Garcia

De Martin & Fabián Araya Palacios .155

S ECTION C T HE F UTURE O F S CHOOL G EOGRAPHY

Introduction Whither School Geography?

Michael Williams .181

Geography and New Technologies

Joop Van Der Schee .185

Geography and Sustainability The Future of School Geography?

Daniella Tilbury & David Wortman .195

Discerning Citizenship in Geography Education

We are very grateful to colleagues and friends in the Commission on Geographical (GXFDWLRQ RI WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO *HRJUDSKLFDO 8QLRQ IRU WKHLU HQFRXUDJHPHQW DQGsupport in the production of this volume

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in Brisbane

Sarah Witham Bednarz LV DQ $VVRFLDWH 3URIHVVRU RI *HRJUDSK\ DW 7H[DV$ 08QLYHUVLW\ 6KH LV FRFRRUGLQDWRU RI WKH 7H[DV$OOLDQFH IRU *HRJUDSKLF (GXFDWLRQSURMHFW FRRUGLQDWRU IRU WKH *HRJUDSK\ (GXFDWLRQ 1DWLRQDO ,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ 3URMHFWDQGYLFHFKDLUDQGZHEPDVWHURIWKH&RPPLVVLRQRQ*HRJUDSKLFDO(GXFDWLRQRIWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO*HRJUDSKLFDO8QLRQKWWSLJXFJHWDPXHGX 

Robert S BednarzLVD3URIHVVRURI*HRJUDSK\DW7H[DV$ 08QLYHUVLW\DQG3DVWPresident of the National Council for Geographic Education He served as editor for the Journal of Geography for a decade and currently is Commissioning Editor for 1RUWK$PHULFDIRUWKH-RXUQDORI*HRJUDSK\LQ+LJKHU(GXFDWLRQ

Graham ButtLV6HQLRU/HFWXUHULQ*HRJUDSK\(GXFDWLRQ'LUHFWRURI/HDUQLQJDQG7HDFKLQJDQG'HSXW\+HDGRIWKH6FKRRORI(GXFDWLRQ8QLYHUVLW\RI%LUPLQJKDP8.His research interests include assessment in geography education and the development

of educational policy

Ronald I DornLVD3URIHVVRURI*HRJUDSK\DW$UL]RQD6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\+HUHFHLYHGKLV$%DQG%$GHJUHHVLQ*HRJUDSK\DW8&%HUNHOH\DQGKLV3K'LQ*HRJUDSK\IURP8&/$+HVHUYHVDVFRFRRUGLQDWRURIWKH$UL]RQD*HRJUDSKLF$OOLDQFHKWWSDOOLDQFHODDVXHGXD]JD  +LV UHVHDUFK IRFXV FXUUHQWO\ UHVWV LQ XQGHUVWDQGLQJ WKHgeography of rock decay as it pertains to the sustainability of rock art

Philippa FergusonWHDFKHV*HRJUDSK\7RXULVPDQG6RFLDO6WXGLHVDW7DXUDQJD*LUOV¶College She is regional representative on the New Zealand Board of Geography Teachers and a member of the Ministry of Education’s Social Science Reference

*URXS6KHLVQDWLRQDOFRRUGLQDWRURI0DDWDQJL:KHQXDDQDWLRQDOFRPSHWLWLRQ 6KHKDVDOVREHHQLQYROYHGWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI1&($DQHZQDWLRQDOTXDOL¿FDWLRQV\VWHPDQGLVDQH[WHUQDOPDUNHUIRUVWXGHQWDVVHVVPHQW

Beatriz Ceballos GarcíaLVD3URIHVVRUDWWKH8QLYHUVLGDG3HGDJRJLFD([SHULPHQWDO/LEHUWDGRU ,QVWLWXWR 3HGDJyJLFR GH &DUDFDV WKH XQLYHUVLW\ ZKHUH VKH JUDGXDWHG

as a teacher of geography and history She gained her Master in Education degree DW 4XHEHF 8QLYHUVLW\ 0RQWUHDO DQG KHU 'RFWRU LQ 6RFLDO 6FLHQFH GHJUHH DW WKH8QLYHUVLGDG&HQWUDOGH9HQH]XHOD+HUSXEOLFDWLRQVLQFOXGH/DIRUPDFLyQGHOHVSDFLRYHQH]RODQR3URSXHVWDSDUDODHQVHxDQ]D\ODLQYHVWLJDFLyQGHODJHRJUDItDQDFLRQDO6HFRQG(GLWLRQSXEOLVKHGE\)('83(/ DQG(O'LDJQyVWLFRJHRKLVWyULFR\ODLQWHUYHQFLyQHQODVFRPXQLGDGHVSXEOLVKHGE\&DVR/REDWHUD7iFKLUD83(/ 

Hartwig HaubrichZDVD3URIHVVRURI *HRJUDSK\DQGLWV'LGDFWLFVDWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI(GXFDWLRQLQ)UHLEXUJIURPWR+HFKDLUHGWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO*HRJUDSKLFDO8QLRQ&RPPLVVLRQRQ*HRJUDSKLFDO(GXFDWLRQIURPWR+HLV+RQRUDU\President of the German “Hochschulverband für Geographie und ihre Didaktik” and

Agustin HernandoLVD3URIHVVRURI*HRJUDSK\LQWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI%DUFHORQD6SDLQ+LVUHVHDUFKLQWHUHVWVLQFOXGHWH[WERRNVLPDJHVDQGRWKHUJHRJUDSKLFDOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQVIURPWKHSDVWDVZHOODVWKHKLVWRU\RIFDUWRJUDSK\

Lea Houtsonen is a Counsellor of Education at the Finnish National Board of

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Ashley Kent is Professor of Geography Education at the Institute of Education

8QLYHUVLW\ RI /RQGRQ $ IRUPHU &KDLU RI WKH &RXQFLO RI %ULWLVK *HRJUDSK\ DQG3UHVLGHQWRIWKH*HRJUDSKLFDO$VVRFLDWLRQKHKDVWDXJKWDQGUHVHDUFKHGJHRJUDSKLFDOHGXFDWLRQLQERWKVFKRROVDQGXQLYHUVLWLHV)RULQVWDQFHKHKDVGLUHFWHGDQXPEHURIEuropean funded research projects and leads a recently established distance learning 0$FRXUVHLQJHRJUDSK\HGXFDWLRQ

Michael LibbeeLVD3URIHVVRURI*HRJUDSK\DW&HQWUDO0LFKLJDQ8QLYHUVLW\DQGFRFRRUGLQDWRURIWKH0LFKLJDQ*HRJUDSKLF$OOLDQFH+LVSULPDU\LQWHUHVWVDUHERWKSUHVHUYLFHDQGLQVHUYLFHJHRJUDSK\HGXFDWLRQFXUULFXOXPGHYHORSPHQWDQGDVVHVVPHQW2YHU WKH SDVW ¿IWHHQ \HDUV KH KDV JHQHUDWHG PRUH WKDW 86 PLOOLRQ WR VXSSRUWgeographic education in Michigan

John Lidstone LVDQ$VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRURI(GXFDWLRQDWWKH4XHHQVODQG8QLYHUVLW\RI 7HFKQRORJ\ LQ %ULVEDQH $XVWUDOLD +H KDV D ORQJ WHUP LQWHUHVW LQ JHRJUDSKLFDOHGXFDWLRQDQGGLVDVWHUHGXFDWLRQDQGZDVWKHIRXQGLQJHGLWRURI,QWHUQDWLRQDO5HVHDUFK

in Geographical and Environmental Education

Bill MarsdenLVDQ(PHULWXV3URIHVVRURI(GXFDWLRQDWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI/LYHUSRRO+HKDVEHHQLQYROYHGIRURYHUWKLUW\\HDUVLQSXEOLVKLQJWH[WERRNVPRQRJUDSKVDUWLFOHVDQG HGLWLQJ PDWHULDOV LQ WKH KLVWRU\ RI XUEDQ HGXFDWLRQ DQG JHRJUDSKLFDO HGXFDWLRQWKHODWHVWEHLQJ7KH6FKRRO7H[WERRN*HRJUDSK\+LVWRU\DQG6RFLDO6WXGLHV:REXUQ3UHVV 

John Morgan LV D 6HQLRU /HFWXUHU LQ (GXFDWLRQ *HRJUDSK\ DW WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI

%ULVWRO+LVUHVHDUFKLQWHUHVWVDUHLQJHRJUDSK\HGXFDWLRQFULWLFDOSHGDJRJ\DQGVRFLDOand cultural geography

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DW 4XHHQ¶V 8QLYHUVLW\ LQ LQJVWRQ 2QWDULR ZLWK UHVSRQVLELOLW\ IRU WKH JHRJUDSK\education programme for teacher candidates at both the senior elementary and secondary VFKRROOHYHOV+HLVDIRUPHU3UHVLGHQWRIWKH2QWDULR$VVRFLDWLRQIRU*HRJUDSKLFDO

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Fabián Araya PalaciosLVD/HFWXUHULQ*HRJUDSK\DWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI/D6HUHQD&KLOH+LVZDVDZDUGHGDQ0(GLQ*HRJUDSK\IURPWKH8QLYHUVLW\3HGDJyJLFD1DFLRQDOGH

&RORPELD +H LV WKH &RRUGLQDWRU RI WKH *HRJUDSK\ DQG 6RFLDO 6FLHQFHV 7HDFKLQJMethodology Programme His current research interest is in Geographic Education for the Sustainability of the Rural Environment His recent edited publications include 6XVWDLQDEOH*HRJUDSKLF(GXFDWLRQ81(6&2DQGWKH'HFODUDWLRQRIWKH'HFDGHIRU6XVWDLQDELOLW\± ,EHU DQG*HRJUDSKLF(GXFDWLRQIRU6XVWDLQDELOLW\± ...

RESEARCHING CHANGE AND CHANGING RESEARCH IN GEOGRAPHICAL...

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Environmental Education. .. CHANGE AND CHANGING RESEARCH IN GEOGRAPHICAL EDUCATION

for profound changes in the social order and see geographical