Teacher’s name: PHAM THI LE THUY COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES Unit 4: COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES I.. Tom is more intelligent than his brother.. long/short + Noun ít nhất,thấp nhất Ex: He is th
Trang 1Teacher’s name: PHAM THI LE THUY COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
Unit 4: COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
I FORMATION: (CÁCH THÀNH LẬP).
1 Comparative of equality (S/S bằng)
a Với xác định:
S1 + V + as + adj./ adv.(long/short) + as + S2 +
V (bằng) Ex: I am as old as Nam (short adj.) Ex: Lan is as beautiful as her sister.
( long adj.)
b Với câu phủ định:
S1 + V + not as /so + adj./adv.(long/short) + as + S2 + V
(không bằng) Ex: I am not as/so old as Phat. She is not so careful as you.
c Với câu nghi vấn phủ định:
V + S1 + as not + adj./adv.(long/short) + as +
S2 + V?
Ex: Am I as not old as Nam? Ex: Is she as not careful as you?
2 Comparative of superiority ( s/s hơn)
a Short Adj (tính từ ngắn)
S1 + V + short adj./adv + ER + than + S2 +
V (hơn) Ex: I am older than Nam. Ex: You are thinner than he (is).
b Long Adj (tính từ dài)
S1 + V + More + Adj./adv/noun + than + S2 +
V
Ex: A car is more expensive than a motorbike
Tom is more intelligent than his brother.
3 Comparative of inferiority (s/ s kém)
S1 + V + Less + Adj (long/short) + than + S2 + V
(kém hơn)
Ex: Hanoi is less big than Ho Chi Minh City.
This film is less interesting than the one we saw last week.
* Lưu Yù: Hình thức not so/as …… + as dùng thông dụng hơn
Less…… than.
4 Superlative (s/s nhất)
4.1 Superiority (s/s cao nhất)
a Short adj
S1 + V + The + Adj + EST + Noun + S2 + V
(nhất) Ex: I am the oldest boy in the class Ex: Nam is the youngest student
in my class
b Long adj.
S1 + V + The most + Adj + Noun + S2 + V
(nhất)
Ex: Mr Brown is the most careful driver of all.
Duy is the most intelligent boy in my school.
4.2 superlative of inferiority (s/s thấp nhất)
The least + Adj (long/short) + Noun (ít nhất,thấp nhất)
Ex: He is the least intelligent man in this city.
Trang 2Teacher’s name: PHAM THI LE THUY COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
She is the least diligent (chuyên cần) girl in her class.
* Lưu Yù:
Dùng Comparative cho 2 người hoặc 2 vật
Dùng Superlative cho 3 người hoặc 3 vật trở lên
Có 4 dạng bài tập cho các dạng s/s này: trắc nghiệm, chia tính
từ, viết lại câu đồng nghĩa, viết lại câu với những từ gợi ý.
Một số adj./adv so sánh bất qui tắc:
STT ADJ./ADV SS HƠN SS HƠN NHẤT
3 Many/
4 Far Father (nghĩa đen)/
further(nghĩa bóng) The farthest / furthest
Một số tính từ trái nghĩa:
Trang 3Teacher’s name: PHAM THI LE THUY COMPARISON OF
ADJECTIVES
1.old # young
2.high / tall #
short 3.big # small
4.poor # rich
5.expensive #
cheap 6.fat # thin
7.intelligent #
stupid
8.thin # thick 9.beautiful # ugly
10 long # short
11 difficult # easy
12 good # bad
13 young/ new
# old
14 heavy # light
15 near # far
16 cold # hot
17 strong # weak
18 large # narrow
19 full # empty
20 …
II VERBS IN COMPARSON CLAUSE ( động từ trong mệnh đề so sánh)
1 Khi động từ của mệnh đề chính là “ be hoặc have” thì ta dùng lại động từ đó trong mệnh đề so sánh (mệnh đề thứ 2).
2 Khi động từ của mệnh đề chính là động từ thường, ta dùng trợ động từ do, did, does trong mệnh đề so sánh.
3 Nếu động từ của mệnh đề chính là động từ khiếm khuyết (may ,can, will, could…) ta dùng lại các động từ khiếm khuyết
đó trong mệnh đề so sánh
4 Nếu 2 mệnh đề có 2 động từ khác nhau thì phải viết lại đủ cả 2 động từ ở 2 mệnh đề.
Ex: you are not so stupid as you look.
III EXERCISES
A Choose the best correct:
1 London is ……….than Dalat
a more large b as large
c larger
d not so large e largest
2 Your pen is ………as mine
a less cheap b as cheap
c more cheap
d cheaper e none is correct
3 My brother is not ………as my
uncle
a old b more old c older
d so old e less old
4 Is Vung Tau not…… as Nha Trang
a so beautiful b as beautiful c
beautiful
d more beautiful e a &b are
correct
5 This bicycle is …… than mine
a less expensive b as expensive c
expensive d less long e least
expensive
6 The summer holidays are…than Tet
holiday
a not as short b as long c
longer
d less long e longest
7 A dictionary is the…of a boy’s
school-books
a thick b thicker c thickest
d more thick e most thick
8 There isn’t the ………wind today
a more b less c little d few e least
9 He hasn’t the ………chance of success
a less b least c more
d few e none is correct 10.English is not…… difficult to learn as Russian
a more b so d less
d than
11 The Mekong river is…… river in Vietnam
a the most longest b the most longc the longest d longest
12 Tan is… than his brother
c very stupid d less stupid 13.Alice knows the teacher…….than I do
a better b gooder c weller
d more good
B Put the adj./adv in parentheses in correct form of comparison.
Trang 41 The pacific is (large)…….…ocean in
the world
2 Nam is (noisy)………student of
all
3 A dog is (strong)………than a
horse
4 Which is (good)…… … novel on the
shelf?
5 My cold is (bad)… today than
it was yesterday
6 Nguyen Du is (famous)………….of all
the Vietnamese poets
7 This is (high)……….…… building in
city
8 She is (pretty)………than I am
9 The weather today is (nice)
……… than it was yesterday
10.This lesson is (difficult)………than that
one
11 A text- book is (interesting)……… than a novel
12 An elephant is (heavy)
……… than a cat
13 The Mekong river is (long)….than the Red river
14 February is (short)……… month of the year
15 Bac is (strong)………… … Nam
16 Nam is (big)……… … Tö
17 My sister is (beautiful)…………his daughter
18 Your motorcycle is (expensive)
…………mine
19 This desk is (heavy)………… that table
20 This book is (good)……….that one
21 Lan is (clever)………….….your sister
Trang 5C Rewrite the following sentences, using comparative of superiority.
1 I am less short than she is
She
2 My salary is high, but his is
very low
His salary
3 She works hard We work
hard, too.
We
4 Tom didn’t speak as much as
Mary
Mary
5 I can’t cook as well as my
mother does
My mother
6 Apples are usually cheaper
than oranges
Apples are not
Oranges
7 Lan is not intelligent as her
sister
Lan’s sister
8 Bill ran faster than Jack
Jack didn’t
9 Helen can speak English better than I can
I can’t 10.Ann is 20 years old Sue is 22
Ann is
Sue is 11.Nam is 4 feet tall Bill is 5 feet tall
Nam is
Bill is 12.Nam is younger than he does
He 13.I has 10.000 USD You have 20.000USD
I am
You are 14.Jane can swim farther than I can
I 15.Nga is intelligent and her brother
is intelligent, too
Nga
D Building Sentences
1 Long / tall / Nam
2 You / short / I
3 Mary / most beautiful / girl / my
class
4 Tom / tallest / boy / my class
5 I / sing /beautifully / Mary
6 Lan / not thin / Nam
7 My brother / runs / than / you
8 She / young / than / I
9 Helen / can speak / English /good/ than /I
10 He / richest /this city