Cau bi động(handout thi GVG)

-Nếu trong câu có 2 tân ngữ, thì tân ngữ trực tiếp thường được đưa xuống làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động.. Công thức câu bị động tương ứng với các thì trong tiếng anh... Công thức biến đổi

Passive Voice

1.Lưu ý khi đổi sang câu bị động:

S V O

S + be + PP + by + O

- Trong câu chủ động nếu chủ ngữ là đại từ nhân xưng(I, you, we,they,she ,he, it)khi

chuyển xuống làm tân ngữ của câu bị động thì ta có thể lược bỏ đi được.

EX: I write a letter

A letter is written (by me)

-Nếu trong câu có 2 tân ngữ, thì tân ngữ trực tiếp thường được đưa xuống làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động.

EX: She gave a book to Mai lastnight.

S V O O Adv of time

(Direct) (Indirect)

A book was given to Mai (by her ) lastnight/ Mai was given a book (by her) lastnight.

- Trong câu bị động trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian thì đứng sau “By”,trạng từ chỉ địa điểm thì đứng trước “by”.

2.Cấu trúc :

8.Near future(be gong to ) h S+am/is/are+going to be+ PP

Công thức câu bị động tương ứng với các thì trong tiếng anh

Công thức chung của các dạng câu bị động là: S+BE+V past participle(P2), tương ứng với các thì trong tiếng

anh thìcấu trúc câu bị động sẽ có dạng:

Simple Present S + V + O S + be + PP.2 + by + O

Present

Continuous

S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S + am/is/are + being + PP.2 + by + O

Present Perfect S + has/have + PP.2 + O S + has/have + been + PP.2 + by + O

Simple Past S + V-ed + O S + was/were + PP.2 + by + O

Past Continuous S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being + PP.2 + by + O

Past Perfect S + had + PP.2 + O S + had + been + PP.2 + by + O

Simple Future S + will/shall + V + O S + will + be + PP.2 + by + O

Future Perfect S + will/shall + have + PP.2 + O S + will + have + been + PP.2 + by + O

Be + going to S + am/is/are + going to + V + O S + am/is/are + going to + be + PP.2 + by + O

Model Verbs S + model verb + V + OS + modal Verb

+ have +P2

S + model verb + be + PP.2 + by + OS + modal Verb + have been +P2

2 Công thức biến đổi câu bị động (passive voice) trong tiếng anh:

Điều kiện để có thể biến đổi 1 câu từ chủ động thành bị động: V trong câu chủ động phải là Transitive Verb

(Ngoại động từ: đòi hỏi có O theo sau) Các O (trực tiếp, gián tiếp) phải được nêu rõ ràng Khi biến đổi 1 câu

từ chủ động sang bị động ta làm theo các bước sau:

 Xác định S, V, O và thì của V trong câu chủ động.

 Lấy O trong câu chủ động làm S của câu bị động Lấy S trong câu chủ động làm O và đặt sau By trong câu bị động.

 Biến đổi V chính trong câu chủ động thành PP2 (Past Participle) trong câu bị động.

 Thêm To be vào trước PP2 trong câu bị động (To be phải chia theo thời của V chính trong câu chủ động

và chia theo số của S trong câu bị động).

3 Bốn trường hợp đặc biệt trong câu bị động ( Câu bị động đặc biệt )

a/ It’s your duty to+Vinf –>bị động: You’re supposed to+Vinf VD: It’s your duty to make tea today.

>> You are supposed to make tea today.

b/ It’s impossible to+Vinf –>bị động: S + can’t + be + P2

VD: It’s impossible to solve this problem >> This problem can’t be solve.

c/ It’s necessary to + Vinf: –> bị động: S + should/ must + be +P2 VD: It’s necessary for you to type this letter.

>> This letter should/ must be typed by you.

d/ Mệnh lệnh thức + Object –> bị động: S + should/must + be +P2.

VD: Turn on the lights! >> The lights should be turned on.

4 Hình thức của thể bị động trong tiếng anh

Hình thức của thể bị động trong tiếng anh

Đăng ký khoá học tiếng anh cơ bản tại Academy.vn để xem full trọn bộ kiến thức về câu bị động cũng như cách ghi nhớ và mẹo làm bài tập về câu bị động trong tiếng anh.

5 8 loại cấu trúc câu bị động bạn cần ghi nhớ

1 BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ MAKE/ LET

Công thức chủ động : S + make/ let + sb+ Vinf –> Bị động: S +be+ made + to + Vinf/let + Vinf VD: My parent never let me do anything by myself >> I’m never let to do anything by myself.

2 BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA CẤU TRÚC ” NHỜ AI LÀM GÌ”

Chủ động: S + have(get) + sb + (to)Vinf –>Bị động: S + have/ get + st +done VD: I have my father repair my bike >> I have my bike repaired by my father.

3 BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ ĐI SAU NÓ LÀ MỘT ĐỘNG TỪ Ở DẠNG VING

Các động từ đó như : love, like, dislike, enjoy, fancy, hate, imagine, regret, mind, admit, involve, deny, avoid….etc >> Chủ động: S + V + sb Ving Bị động: S + V + sb/st + being + P2 VD: I like you wearing this dress.

>> I like this dress being worn by you.

4 BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ TRI GIÁC( Vp — verb of perception)

a Cấu trúc 1: S + Vp + sb + Ving (Ai đó chứng kiến người khác làm gì và chỉ thấy 1 phần của hành động hoặc

1 hành động dand diễn ra bị 1 hành động khác xen vào) VD: Opening the door, we saw her overhearing us.

b Cấu trúc 2: S + Vp + sb + V (Ai đó chứng kiến người khác làm gì từ đầu đến cuối) VD: I saw him close the door and drive his car away NOTE: riêng các động từ : feel, find, catch thì chỉ sử dụng công thức 1 >> Bị động: S + be + P2(of Vp) + to +Vinf VD: He was seen to close the door and drive his car away.

5 CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG KÉP.

a Khi main verb ở thời HIỆN TẠI, Công thức: People/they + think/say/suppose/believe/consider/report… + that + clause >> Bị động:

 It’s + thought/said/ supposed/believed/considered/reported…+ that + clause ( trong đó clause = S + Vinf + O)

 Động từ trong clause để ở thì HTDGhoặc TLĐ S + am/is/are + thought/ said/supposed… + to + Vinf VD: People say that he is a good doctor >> It’s said that he is a good doctor He is said to be a good doctor.

 Động từ trong clause để ở thời QKDG hoặc HTHT S + am/is/are + thought/ said/ supposed… + to + have + P2 VD: People think he stole my car >> It’s thought he stole my car He is thought to have stolen my car.

b Khi main verb ở thời QUÁ KHỨ Công thức: People/they + thought/said/supposed…+ that + clause >>Bị động:

 It was + thought/ said/ supposed…+ that + clause Động từ trong clause để ở thì QKĐ: S + was/were + thought/ said/ supposed… + to + Vinf VD: People said that he is a good doctor >> It was said that he is a good doctor He was said to be a good doctor.

 Động từ trong clause ở thì QKHT S + was/were + thought/ said/ supposed… + to + have + P2 VD: They thought he was one of famous singers >> It was thought he was one of famous singers He was thought to

be one of famous singers.

6 BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA TÁM ĐỘNG TỪ ĐẶC BIỆT

Các động từ : suggest, require, request, order, demand, insist(on), recommend.

Công thức: S + suggest/ recommend/ order/ require… + that + clause ( trong đó clause = S + Vinf + O) >> Bị động: It + was/ will be/ has been/ is… + P2( of 8 verb) + that + st + be + P2

( trong đó “be” là không đổi vì động từ trong clause ở câu chủ động ở dạng Vinf) VD: He suggested that she buy

a new car >> It was suggessted that a new car be bought.

7 BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA CẤU TRÚC CHỦ NGỮ GIẢ ” IT”.

Công thức: It + be + adj + for sb + to do st >>Bị động: It + be + adj + for st + to be done VD: It is difficult for me

to finish this test in one hour >> It is difficult for this test to be finished in one hour.

8 BỊ ĐỘNG TRONG TRƯỜNG HỢP 2 TÂN NGỮ Trong đó : Oi = Indirect Object Od = Direct Object.

Công thức: S + V + Oi + Od >>Bị động:

 Oi + be + P2( of V) + Od.

 Od + be + P2( of V) + to Oi ( riêng động từ ” buy” dùng giới từ ” for” ) VD: My friend gave me a present

on my birthday >> A present was given to me by my friend on my birthday I was given a present on my birthday

by my friend.

Exercise 1: Choose the best answer:

1 My wedding ring ………… of yellow and white gold

A is made B is making C made D maked

2 References ………… in the examination room

A not are used B is not used C didn’t used D are not used

3 Mary ………… in Boston

A are born B were born C was born D born

4 This house is going ……… by my parents

A sold B to be sold C to sold D to sell

5.There’s somebody hehind us I think we are ………

A being followed B are followed C follow D following

6.The room is being ………… at the moment

A was cleaned B cleaned C cleaning D clean

Exercise 2:Rewrite these sentences into passive voice:

1 They published this dictionary in 1870

2 They are painting the kitchen now

3 Shakespeare wrote “ Romeo and Juliet” in 1605

4 They have just built a new primary school in my village

5 They will speak English at the conference

6 Jane hasn’t cleaned the floor yet

Exercise 3: Choose the best answer:

1.Somebody cleans that room everyday.

A That room every day is cleaned B That room is everyday cleaned

C That room is cleaned every day D That room cleaned by somebody everyday

2.They are building a new highway in the city.

A A new highway is being built around the city

B A new highway is be built around the city by them

C A new highway around the city is being built

D Around the city a new highway is being built

3 They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.

A You will be ask a lot of questions at the interview

B You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview by them

C A lot of questions will be asked you at the interview

D A lot of questions will be asked at the interview

4 People don’t use this road very often.

A This road is not used very often B Not very often this road is not used

C This road very often is not used D This road not very often is used

5 They have changed the date of the meeting.

A The date of the meeting has be changed

B The date of the meeting has been changed by them

C The meeting has been changed the date

D The date of the meeting has changed

PASSIVE VOICE

Exercise 1:Change into passive voice:

1 The teacher always welcomes new students

2 Thomas Edison invented the phonograph in 1877 'founəgrɑ:f : máy hát

3 The police found two children in the forest

4 They will send your order as soon as possible

5 The scientists are studying the problem carefully

6 Pat Murphy was riding the horse

7 The police have just arrested the robbers

8 They have to repair the engine of the car

9 People must repair that old building

10 People don’t learn a foreign language in a short time

11 Did Henry write that book years ago ?

@Exercise 2: Choose the most correct answer:

1 The boy _ by the teacher yesterday

A punish B punished C punishing D was punished

2 “Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon”

“They’ve already _,sir They’re on your desk.”

A typed B been being typed C being typed D been typed

3 Today, many serious childhood diseases _ by early immunization /,imju:nai'zeiʃn/ miễm dịch

A are preventing B can prevent C prevent D can be prevented

4 They had a boy _ that yesterday

5 We get our mail yesterday

A been delivered B delivered C delivering D to deliver

6 My wedding ring yellow and white gold

A is made B is making C made D make

7 If your brother _ , he would come

A invited B were invited C were inviting D invite

8 Mr Wilson is _ as Willie to his friend

A known B knew C is known D know

9 References _ in the examination room

A not are used B is not used C didn’t used D are not used

10 Laura in Boston

A are born B were born C was born D born

11 His car needs

A be fixed B fixing C to be fixing D fixed

12 Her watch needs _

A repairing B to be repaired C repaired D A and B

13 My mother is going _ this house

A sold B sell C to be sold D to sell

14 There’s somebody behind us I think we are _

A being followed B are followed C follow D following

15 Have you _ by a dog?

A bite B bit C ever been bitten D ever been bit

16 The room is being _ at the moment

A was cleaned B cleaned C cleaning D clean

17 It _ that the strike will end soon

A is expected B expected C are expected D was

expected

18 It is _ that many people are homeless after the floods

A was reported B reports C reported D reporting

19 He was said _ this building

A designing B to have designed C to designs D designed

20 Ted by a bee while he was sitting in the garden

A got sting B got stung C get stung D gets stung

21 These tennis courts _ very often Not many people want to play

A are used B used C aren’t used D use

22 I’ll get Minh _ do this for you

23 “What a beautiful dress you are wearing”- “thanks, it _

especially for me by a French tailor.”

A is made B has made C made D was made

24 Somebody cleans the room every day

A The room everyday is cleaned B The room is every day cleaned

C The room is cleaned every day D The room is cleaned by somebody every day

25 People don’t use this road very often

A This road is not used very often B Not very often this road is not used

C This road very often is not used D This road not very often is used

26 How do people learn languages?

A How are languages learned? B How are languages learned by

people?

C How languages are learned? D Languages are learned how ?

27 Over 1500 new houses _ each year Last year, 1720 new houses _

A were built/ were built B are built/ were built

C are building / were built D were built/ were being built

28 Tom bought that book yesterday

A That book was bought by Tom yesterday B That book was bought yesterday by Tom

C That book yesterday was bought by Tom D That book was bought yesterday

29 The new computer system _ next month

A is be installed B is being installed C is been installed D is being installed by people

30 They will build a new house in our town Means _

A A new house will be build in our town B A new house will be built in our town

C Our town will be build a new house D Our town will be build a new house

31 They cancelled all flights because of fog

A All flights were because of fog were cancelled B All flights were cancelled because

of fog

C All flights were because of fog cancelled D All flights were cancelled by them

of fog

32 They had to postpone the meeting because of illness

A The meeting because of illness had to be postponed

B The meeting had to because of illness be postponed

C The meeting had to postponed by them because of illness

D The meeting had to be postponed because of illness

33 They are building a new highway around the city

A A new highway around the city is being built

B A new highway is being built around the city by them

C A new highway is being built around the city

D Around the city a new highway is being built

34 They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview

A You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview

B You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview by them

C A lot of questions will be asked you at the interview

D A lot of questions will be asked at the interview

35 They have built a new hospital near the airport

A A new hospital near the airport has been built

B A new hospital has been built near the airport by them

C A new hospital has been built near the airport

D Near the airport a new hospital has been

36 Alice didn’t make that pie Did Mrs Franch make it ?

A That pie weren’t made by Alice Was it made by Mrs Franch?

B.That pie wasn’t made by Alice Did it be made by Mrs Franch?

C.That pie aren’t made by Alice Was it made by Mrs Franch?

D That pie wasn’t made by Alice Was it made by Mrs Franch?

37 Does Professor Jackson teach that course?

A Is that course teached by Prof Jackson? B Has that course been taught by

Prof.Jackson?

C Is that course taught by Prof.Jackson? D Was that course taught by Prof.Jackson?

38 James…… the news as soon as possible

A should tell B should be told C.should told D should be telled

39 I tried my best, but the windows……… by me

A could open B.could be open C.could be opened D could

opened

40 Sarah is wearing a blouse It ……… of cotton

41 They have watched the music programme on T.V since 3 o’clock

A The music programme on T.V have been seen since 3 o’clock

B The music programme on T.V has been seen since 3 o’clock

C The music programme on T.V have be seen since 3 o’clock

D The music programme on T.V had been seen since 3 o’clock

42 People said that Tom stole that bicycle

A Tom is said to steal that bicycle B Tom is said that to steal that bicycle

C Tom was said to steal that bicycle D Tom were said to steal that bicycle

43 People believed that John is a good person

A It is believed that John is a good person B It was believed that John is a good person

C It believes that John is a good person D It believed that John is a good person

44 Mary is reading newspapers now

A Newspapers are read by Mary now B Newspapers being read by Mary now

C Newspapers are being read by Mary now D Newspapers are reading by Mary now

45 The storm has delayed the 11.20 flight to London

A The 11.20 flight has been delay to London by the storm

B The 11.20 flight to London has been delayed by the storm

C The 11.20 flight to London has delayed the storm

D All are correct

46 People believe that hundreds of homeless children are living on the streets

A It is believed that hundreds of homeless children are living on the streets

B Hundreds of homeless children are believed to be living on the streets

C Hundreds of homeless children believe to be living on the streets

D A & B are correct

47.You should give us this information

A We should give you this information C We should be give this information

B We should be given this information D This information should give us

48 They are repairing our car at the garage

A Our car is repairing at the garage B Our car is being repairing at the garage

C Our car is being repaired at the garage D They are being repaired our car at the garage

49 No one has cleaned the floor for weeks

A The floor hasn’t been cleaned for weeks B The floor hasn’t cleaned for weeks

C The floor has been cleaned by someone for weeks D A & B are correct

50 We will finish the report in time

A The report will finish in time C The report will be finish in time

B The report will be finished in time D The report is finished in time

@Exercise 3Choose the underlined part that needs correcting:

1 (A)Do you want (B)being (C)woken up (D)tomorrow morning?

2 That is (A)a (B)new circus which (C)formed (D)in 1992

3 The bridge (A)was hitting by a large ship (B)during a (C)sudden storm (D)last week

4 The destruction (A)of most of (B)the city of London (C)made by a fire (D)in 1600s

5 The romantic poet Keats (A)died (B)by tuberculosis (C)at (D)a very young age

6 Science (A)has been dividing (B)into areas (C)to (D)help organize the knowledge

7 ( A)The robbers (B)arrest by the police (C)last week have just (D)escaped from the prison

8 (A)Most of (B)the films (C)made (D)for entertainment

9 Peter (A)is said (B)being (C)good (D)at English

10 (A)The switch (B)must not be touch (C)while the machine is working

11 The report (A)has not be examined (B)by the (C)committee of experts (D)yet

12 (A)The matter (B)will discussing (C)at the (D)next meeting

13 He (A)was think (B)to be the most (C)handsome boy (D)in our class

14 (A)All the main (B)streets (C)in this city (D)are be widening

15 Peter (A)usually (B)has his car (C)washing (D)at weekend

16 (A)Do you know the boy (B)whose bicycle (C)was stole (D)last night ?