QCVN06 2010 vietnam building code fire safety

Table 5 – Structural fire hazard grade of buildingStructural fire hazard grade of construction element, not less thanStructural fire hazard grade of construction element, not less than S

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

VIETNAMESE CODE 06: 2010/BXD

VIETNAM BUILDING CODE ON FIRE SAFETY OF BUILDINGS

HA NOI – 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREAMBLE

1 GENERAL REGULATIONS

2 TECHNICAL CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE

3 ENSURING THE SAFETY FOR PEOPLE

4 STOPPING THE SPREADING FIRE

5 FIRE FIGHTING AND EVACUATION

Appendix A – Definition of Terms

QCVN 06: 2010/BXD prepared by the Institute of Building Technology Science, submitted byDepartment of Technology Science and Environment, issued by the Ministry of Constructiontogether with Circular No 07 /2010/TT-BXD dated 28 /07/2010 This Regulation is revised andreplaced Chapter 11, Part III, episode II, Vietnamese Construction Regulation issued togetherwith Decision No 439/BXD-CSXD of Minister of Construction on 25/9/1997

VIETNAM BUILDING CODE ON FIRE SAFETY OF

1 GENERAL REGULATIONS1.1 Scope Scope of of applicationapplication

1.1.11.1.1 This regulation prescribes general requirements of fire safety for rooms, houses andconstruction buildings (hereinafter referred to as building) and it is obligatory toapply it in all phases of new construction, renovation, repair or change of function; italso specifies classification of fire grades for houses, parts of house, rooms, buildingstructures and building materials

NOTE: The term "Fire Safety for houses, buildings" referred to section A.1 of Annex A.

1.1.21.1.2 Section 3, 4 and 5 of this regulation are not applied to building with particular function(production or storage of explosive substances and facilities, oil depots and oilproducts, natural gas, repository of toxic chemicals, military works, underground ofsubways, mining projects, )

1.1.3

1.1.3 Standards and requirements of fire prevention, fire protection of materials inconstruction standards must be based on the requirements of this regulation.Along with the application of this regulation, it must also comply with the specificrequirements of fire prevention in other documents that are prescribed to each kind ofhouse and building When there is not standards specified as requirements of thisregulation, it is allowed to use specific regulations in the current standards until suchregulations are revised, as well as it it allowed to use current standards of foreigncountries on the principle of ensuring the requirements of this regulation and the laws

of Vietnam in the application of foreign standards on fire protection and application offoreign standards in construction activities in Vietnam

In current standards related to fire prevention, fire protection for houses and buildings,

if there are provisions, technical requirements with level of fire safety lower than therules and requirements of this regulation, this regulation will be applied

NOTE: The term "standard document" referred to Section A.11 of Annex A.

requirements for public works such as planning, architecture, structure, water supplysystems, electrical systems, electrical equipment, lightning protection, fuel systems,heating, ventilation systems, air conditioning, safe when using glass and avoidingfalling, breaking.

1.1.6

1.1.6 For houses without fire prevention & fire protection standards, as well as houses of firehazard group on the features F 1.3 (1) with a height greater than 75 m (2), houses of firehazard group on the other features with a height greater than 50 m, houses with over onebasement, especially complicated and unusual houses, it must comply with thisregulation and also other additional technical requirements and solutions suitable tospecific characteristics of fire prevention of theses houses on the basis of current appliedstandards Theses requirements and solutions must be approved by authorized PoliceDepartment of fire and rescue

1.1.7

1.1.7 In some particular cases, Ministry of Construction only allow to reduce somerequirements of this regulation for specific projects, when a feasibility study issubmitted to the Ministry of Construction with additional measures, replacement; andthis feasibility study must be appraised and approved by the Police Department of firefighting and rescue

1.1.8

1.1.8 When there is a change of function or change of planning and structure of existinghouse or separate rooms of that house, it must apply this Regulation and currentstandard documents suitable to these changes

1.1.9

1.1.9 For individual houses with 06 storeys or less, it is not required to apply this Regulation,but comply with specific guidance which is appropriate to each kind of houses andresidential areas

1.2 Application Application objectsobjectsAgencies, organizations and individuals involved in construction activities of civil andindustrial building in Vietnam must obey provisions of this Regulation

1.3 Definitions1.3 Definitions The terms and definitions in this Regulation are set out in Annex A

1.4 General General regulationsregulations

1.4.1 For houses, design must include solutions of structure, planning of space and technical

of buildings to ensure that when fire occurs:

- Everyone in the house (not dependent on age and health status) can be evacuated tooutside into the safe areas (hereinafter referred to outside) before it happens risk of life-

threatening and health because of the dangerous elements of the fire;

- It is possible to safe people;

- Forces and means of fire fighting can reach fire and implement fire fighting measures,rescue of persons and property

- Do not let the fire spread to the adjacent houses, even in the case of a collapsedburning house

- To limit direct and indirect damages of material, including house and property insidethe house, regard to economic correlation between losses and expenses for solutions andtechnical equipment for fire prevention

1.4.21.4.2 During construction phase, it must ensure:

- To implement in priority measures of fire prevention following design complying withcurrent standards and approved as prescribed;

- To perform requirements of fire prevention and fire fighting for works underconstruction, auxiliary works and fire prevention regulations during construction andinstallation according to the Law of current fire protection;

- To equip fire fighting facilities as prescribed and they must be available for use

- Ability to safe escape and rescue, as well as a protection of property in case of fire inbuilding under construction on site

1.4.3

1.4.3 During utilization, it must:

- To retain structure, interior of house and availability of fire protection facilitiesfollowing design requirements and its technical documentations

- To perform regulations of fire protection under current law;

- Do not allow to change structure or solutions of planning of space and technical ofbuilding without approved design as prescribed;

- In case of repair, do not allow to use components and materials that do not meetrequirements of current standards and regulations

For houses with restrictions of fire load, in terms of number of people in the house orany part of house, it must put inside the house a notice of these restrictions atconspicuous places; house management department must establish measures of fireprotection and evacuation in case of fire

1.4.4

1.4.4 When analyzing a risk of fire, it can use scenarios that are calculated based oncorrelation between parameters: development and spread of dangerous elements of fire,evacuation of people and implement of fire fighting

2 TECHNICAL CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE2.1 General General regulationsregulations

2.1.1 Houses, parts and components of houses, rooms, construction materials, constructionstructures are classified in terms of fire based on following natures:

- Fire hazard: nature arising and developing elements of fire hazard;

- Fire resistance: nature against effects of the fire and prevention of spread ofdangerous elements of the fire

2.1.2

2.1.2 Classification of fire is sued for establishment of necessary requirements of fireprotection of structures, rooms, houses, parts and components of houses depending ontheir fire resistance and / or their fire hazard

2.2 Construction Construction materialsmaterials2.2.1

2.2.1 In terms of fire safety, construction materials is characterized by fire hazard

Fire hazard of construction materials is determined by technical characteristics of fire asfollows:

Flammability, ignition, spread of fire on surface, ability of arising smoke and toxic

2.2.2 According to combustibility, construction materials are classified into non-flammablematerials and flammable materials Flammable materials are classified in 4 groups:

Construction materials with spread of fire on surface are specified for surface materials

of roof and floor, including carpet in Annex B, item B.4

For other construction materials, it is not determined and specified classification ofspread of fire on surface

2.2.5

2.2.5 According to ability of arising smoke, flammable construction materials are classified in

3 groups:

− SK1 (low smoking ability);

− SK2 (moderate smoking ability);

− SK3 (high smoking ability)

Construction materials classified as smoking ability are determined in Annex B, itemB.5

2.2.6 According to toxicity of flammable products, flammable materials are classified in 4groups:

−ĐT1 (low toxicity);

−ĐT2 (moderate toxicity);

−ĐT3 (high toxicity);

−ĐT4 (extremely high toxicity)

Construction materials classified as toxicity of flammable products are determined inAnnex B, item B.6

2.3 Construction Construction structuresstructures 2.3.1

2.3.1 Construction structures are characterized by fire resistance and fire hazard

Fire resistance of a structure is represented by its limit of fire resistance Fire hazard of astructure is represented by its level of fire danger

2.3.2

2.3.2 Limit of fire resistance of structure is determined by a period of time (in minute) sincestarting of fire test under standard temperature until an appearance of one or somecontinuous signs of limit state specified for structure as follows:

− Loss of load capacity (load capacity is symbolic by letter R);

− Loss of integrity (integrity is symbolic by letter E);

− Loss of heat insulation capacity (heat insulation capacity is symbolic by letter I)

NOTE: 1) Fire resistance limit of construction structure is determined by fire test according to standards TCXDVN 342: 2005 to TCXDVN 348: 2005(1) or equivalent standards Fire resistance limit of construction

structure can be determined by calculation following applied designed fire resistance standard.

2) Required fire resistance limit of structure is specifically prescribed in this Regulation and in technical standards for each type of project Required fire resistance limit of structure is symbolic by REI, EI, RE or R together with corresponding time index affected by fire in minute For example: structure with fire resistance limit REI 120 means that structure must retain 3 capacities: load, integrity, heat insulation during period of fire of 120 minutes; structure with fire resistance R60 means that structure must maintain load capacity during 60 minutes, heat insulation capacity and integrity are not required.

3) Construction structure is considered as meeting requirements of fire resistance if it is satisfied one of two following conditions:

a) Composition of structure with specification similar to test of fire resistance; and this test shows fire resistance limit not less than required fire resistance of this structure.

b) Composition of structure with specification suitable to structure mentioned in Annex F; and corresponding nominal fire limit in this Annex is not less than required fire limit of this structure.

2.3.3

2.3.3 According to fire hazard, construction structures are classified in 4 grades:

− K0 (non risk of fire);

− K1 (low risk of fire);

− K2 (moderate risk of fire);

− K3 (fire danger)

standards or equivalent.

2) It is allowed to determine level of fire hazard of structure without testing as follows:

+ Level K0: if structure is composed of non-flammable material;

+ Level K1: if outer surface of structure is composed of material with specifications of fire less dangerous than Ch1, BC1, SK1;

+ Level K2: if outer surface of structure is composed of material with specifications of fire less dangerous than Ch2, BC2, SK2;

+ Level K3: if outer surface of structure is composed of material with only one of these specifications of fire less dangerous than Ch3, BC3, SK3;

2.4.2 The fire prevention is specified by fire resistant of its parts, including:

- Separation (partition, wall, slab …);

- Fixings of separation (frame, bracing …);

- Supports of separation (supported beam, frame, supporting wall…);

- Connecting details;

Fire resistance limit in status of none bearing capacity (R) of the Fixings of separation, ofSupports of separation and connecting details of them must not be lower than the requiredfire resistance limit of separation

Fire hazard of fire prevention part is defined by the fire hazard of separation as well asthe connection details and fixings of separation

2.4.3 Fire prevention part must be separated according to fire resistance limit of separation as

in Table 1 If the fire prevention parts have door, gate, cover, valve, window, curtain(hereby called door and fire valve in general), or if those doors have the separatedchamber (called fire chamber), doors, fire valve and fire chamber must be the kinds thathave the fire prevention ability in accordance to type of fire prevention part as stipulated

it is allowed to use grade K1 in fire prevention parts type 2 to type 4:

Table 1 – CategorizationTable 1 – Categorization the fire prevention partsthe fire prevention partsFire prevention

Type of door andfire valve in fireprevention parts,not lower than

Type of firechamber, notlower than

Fire prevention

wall

12

REI 150REI 60

12

12Fire prevention

partition

12

EI 45

EI 15

23

12

Fire fightingfloor

1234

REI 150REI 60REI 45REI 15

1234

1112

Table 2 – Fire resistance limit of door and fire valve in fire prevention partsDoor and fire valve in fire

2

EI 70

EI 45*

3 EI 15

23

E 70

E 45E15

NOTE: * Fire resistance limit of door in lift opening is allowed to be not less than E 45

Table 3 – Fire resistance limit of parts of fire chamber at door and fire valve in fire

prevention partsFire resistance limit of parts of fire chamber, not less thanType of fire

+ Type 1 – indoor staircase, located in staircase box;

+ Type 2 – indoor staircase, opened;

+ Type 3 – outdoor staircase, opened;

Note: “opened” means not to put in staircase box

b) Types of normal staircase boxes:

+ L1 – having door openings in every floor (opened or installed glass);

+ L2 – natural lighting from roof openings (opened or installed glass);

c) Types of staircases that not be affected by smoke:

+ N1 – having the entrance to staircase box from each floor by traversing theoutdoor clearance of opening walkway (this clearance is usually in loggia or balconytype) The walkway throughout this clearance is not affected by smoke

+ N2 – having positive air pressure (air pressure in staircase box is higher thanoutside staircase) in the staircase box in case of combustion

+ N3 – having the entrance to staircase box from each floor by traversing firechamber of positive air pressure (the positive air pressure in fire chamber is regular or incase of combustion)

2.5.2

2.5.2 Fire escape that serves for fire fighting and rescue are classified into two following kinds:

- P1 – Vertical staircase

- P2 – Step staircase with the inclination is not over 6:1 (not over 80o)2.6 Building, Building, fire fire chamber, chamber, compartmentcompartment

2.6.1

2.6.1 Building or parts of building that is separated by fire walls – class 1 (called fire chamber)

is classified by fire-resistance grade, structural fire hazard grade and usage fire hazardgroup

- Fire-resistance grade of building and fire chamber are defined by fire-resistance limit oftheir construction elements;

- Structural fire hazard grade of building and fire chamber are defined by participationdegree of construction elements into the fire development and formation of hazard factors

of flame

- Usage fire hazard group of building and parts of building are defined by the purpose ofuse and feature of technological procedures that arranged inside them;

2.6.2

2.6.2 Building and fire chambers are classified by fire-resistance grade as Table 4

Load-bearing parts of building include load-bearing columns and walls, struts, solidpartitions; slab parts (beam, bar, plate) participated in the guarantee of general stabilityand shape non-variation of building in case of combustion

Load-bearing elements that are not participated in the guarantee of general stability ofbuilding must be instructed in specification of building by the designer

There is no regulation of fire resistance limit for sealed parts of clearance hole (doors,gates, windows, manholes, skylight), except doors, fire valve inside fire prevention partsand in particular cases

In case of minimum fire resistance limit of required element is R 15 (RE 15, REI 15), it isallowed to use uncoated protection steel structure without depending on its actual fireresistance limit, except the cases when fire resistance limit of load-bearing parts ofbuilding according to test result is less than R 8

In staircase boxes that are not affected by smoke – N1 type, staircase plates and landingsare allowed to use with fire resistance R 15 and belongs to the fire hazard grade K0

Table 4 – Fire resistance grade of buildingFire resistance limit of construction element, not less than

Roof component(without attic floor)

Staircase boxFire

resistance

grade ofbuildingbuilding

bearingpart ofbuilding

Load-Externalwall nonload-bearing

Flooringbetweenfloors(includeattic floorand floor

Roofplate(including

Truss,beam,purlin

Internalwall ofstaircase

Staircaseplatesand

insulatingroofplate)

box landingsbox landings

I R 150 E 30 REI 60 RE 30 R 30 REI 150 R 60

II R 120 E 15 REI 45 RE 15 R 15 REI 120 R 60III R 90 E 15 REI 45 RE 15 R 15 REI 90 R 60

IV R 30 E 15 REI 15 RE 15 R 15 REI 30 R 15

NOTE: 1) Inside the buildings with fire resistance grade I, II, III, the floor and ceiling of thebasement, half-basement must be made from non-flammable materials and has fireresistance limit at least 90 minutes Flooring of 1st floor and top floor must be madefrom materials with combustibility not less than the Ch1

2) In the buildings with fire resistance grade IV and V, the floor of basement or halfbasement must be made from materials with combustibility not less than the Ch1 andhas fire resistance limit not less than 45 minutes

3) In the rooms with the production or storage of flammable liquids, the floor must benon-flammable materials

4) Walls, wall partition and floor of the lift box and machine room of lift located insidehouse of any fire resistance grade must be made from non-flammable materials withfire resistance limit not less than 60 minutes If the lift is located outside, the fireresistance limit of stated parts not less than 30 minutes

5) Wall, cover of the middle corridor of the house with fire resistance grade I, must bemade from non-flammable materials with fire resistance limit at least 30 minutes andthe house with fire resistance grade II, III and IV must be made from non-flammablematerials or weak combustion (Ch1) with fire resistance limit at least 15 minutes.Particularly, the house with fire resistance grade II of production D, E class, can becovered up the corridor with glass walls

2.6.3 According to the structural fire hazard, building and fire chambers that are classified by 4grades S0, S1, S2, S3 as in Table 5 are called the structural fire hazard grade of building.There is no regulation of fire hazard for doors, gates, windows, manholes in claddingstructures of building except particular cases

Table 5 – Structural fire hazard grade of buildingStructural fire hazard grade of construction element, not less thanStructural fire hazard grade of construction element, not less than Structural

fire hazardgrade ofbuildingbuilding

bearing parts– bar form(column, bar,truss, etc…)

Load-External wallfrom outside

Wall,partition,floor androof withoutattic floor

Wall ofstaircase boxand firepreventionparts

Staircaseplates andlandings instaircase boxstaircase box

to real structure of those parts as requirement of current regulation on fire resistance test.2.6.5

2.6.5 Building and parts of building (rooms or group of rooms with relevant usages) areclassified by usage fire hazard groups depending on the feature of use, the threat level tosafety of people in case of happening flame that allow for: age, physical condition, theability of having persons to sleep, groups of users on the main functions and the number

of that group Categorization of usage fire hazard is stipulated in Table 6

Building and room used for production or storage are classified by fire and detonatingcombustion hazard depending on the number and detonating combustion hazardousnature of substances and materials contained inside, allow for feature of productivetechnological procedure The classification is stipulated in Annex C

Production compartments and storage compartments, including laboratories and factories

in buildings of group F 1, F 2, F 3 and F 4, will be arranged in group F 5

Table 6 – Categorization of building based on usage fire hazardGroup Purpose Purpose of of use use Feature Feature of of useuse

F1 House for living regularly or temporarily(in which living all day and night)F1.1

Kindergarten, nursery school, functionhouse for senior citizen and handicappedpeople (not apartment), hospital, block ofhouses of boarding schools and of schools

Rooms in this building are usually usedfor both day and night Group of peoplewhich can include a lot of ages anddifferent physical condition.Characteristic of these buildings areincluded the bedroom

for children;

F.1.2

Hotels, hostels, block of houses of nursingestablishment and general accommodation,from campsites, motels and nursing homes;

F.1.3 House with a lot of flats (Apartments)

F.1.4

House with a separated apartment includinghouses with semi-detached apartments andeach apartment has its own way out

F2 Mass Mass sport-culture sport-culture buildingsbuildings

Main rooms in this building arespecified by a large number of visitorsstay in the certain time

F.2.1

Theatres, cinemas, concert halls, clubs,circuses, sport works with stand, librariesand other projects have calculated thenumber of seats for guests in the closedrooms;

F.2.2

Museums, exhibitions, dance rooms andother similar establishments in the closedrooms;

F.2.3 The establishments are mentioned inSection F.2.1, open to outdoor;

F.2.4 The establishments are mentioned inSection F.2.2, open to outdoor;

F3 Residential Residential service service establishmentsestablishments

The rooms of these establishments arespecified by a large number of visitorsare greater than service staffs

office, notary office, laundry shop, thegarment, shoe and clothing repair shop,barber shop, funeral service establishment,religious establishment and similarinstitutions);

F.3.6

The physical training complexes and sportpractice areas without stand; The servicerooms; Bathroom;

F4 Schools, designing and scienceF4 Schools, designing and scienceorganizations, management agencies

Rooms in these buildings are used forthe certain times in a day, there is fixedgroup of people inside rooms,acquainted with condition in place withdefined age and physical condition.F.4.1 High schools, training institutions outside

the high schools, professional schools,vocational schools;

F.4.2 Universities, colleges, professionalimprovement training schools;

F.4.3 Establishments of management agencies,designing organizations, information andpublishing house organizations, scientificresearch organizations, banks, agencies andoffices;

F.4.4 Stations (teams) of fire fighting and rescuesalvage

F5 Buildings, works, rooms used forproduction or warehouse

These rooms are specified by thepresence of group of people that workfixedly, include working all day andnight

F.5.1 Buildings and production works, productionand testing compartments, workshop;

F.5.2 Buildings and warehouse works, car parkingwithout technical service and repair, bookstore, storage, and storage rooms;

F.5.3 Buildings for agricultural purpose

3 ENSURING THE SAFETY FOR PEOPLE3.1.

3.1 General regulationGeneral regulation

3.1.1

3.1.1 The requirements of this section in order to ensure:

- Timely and unobstructed escape for people

- Rescuing the people to be effected by the hazardous factors of fire

- Protecting people on the way to escape, avoiding the people to be effected by thehazardous factors of flame

3.1.2

3.1.2 Escape is the organized self-moved process of people to go out from the rooms, wherethe hazardous factors of flame may impact on them Escape is also the lost self-controlmovement of group who is less likely to mobilize and carried out by the service staffs.Escape is executed on the exit routes through by the escape exits

3.1.3

3.1.3 Rescue is the compelled movement of people to go out when they are affected by thehazardous factors or when appearing the direct hazard of these effects Rescue isexecuted self-control with the supporting of the fire fighting forces or the staffs aretrained professionally, including the use of the rescue means, escape through by the exitsand the emergency exits

Inside the room and on the escape route outside the room, it must limit the fire hazard ofconstruction materials of the structure surface layers (finishing layer and facing)depending on the usage re hazard of the room and house, allow for the other solutions forthe protection of the escape routes

3.1.5

3.1.5 When arranging the escape routes from the room and the house, it is not allowed for themethods and means to rescue, as well as the exits do not meet the requirement of theescape exit as specified in Section 3.2.1

3.1.6 Do not allow to arrange the rooms belong to class A or class B of group F 5 below therooms which have presence of more than 50 people at the same time, as well as in thebasement or half-basement

Do not allow to arrange the room belong to group F 1.1, F 1.2 and F 1.3 in the basement

NOTE: The basis requirements about the fire alarm system arrangement are stipulated in TCVN 3890: 2009.

3.1.8. To protect the escape for people, the escape routes of the house or the part of the housemust be protected against the penetration of smoke

NOTE: The basis requirements about the smoke protection of the house are stipulated in Annex D.

3.1.9. The effect of measures to ensure the safety for people while fire can be assessed bycalculation

3.2 The The escape escape exit exit and and emergency emergency exitexit

3.2.1

3.2.1 The exits are considered the escape exits (also called the escape routes) if:

a) To be connected from the rooms of 1st floor to go out according to one of followingmethods:

- To go out directly;

- To corridor;

- To entrance (or waiting room);

- To staircase;

- To corridor and entrance (or waiting room);

- To corridor and staircase;

b) Starting from rooms of any levels, except level 1, into one of the following places:

- Directly to the walking staircase or the walking staircase class 3;

- Into corridor or directly to the walking staircase cage or walking staircase class 3;

- Into the common room (Or waiting room) having exit directly to the walking staircasecage or walking staircase class 3;

c) Leading to the adjacent room (Except room of group F5 class A or B) on the samelevel from which there are exits as shown at a) and b) Exits into room class A or B areconsidered to be emergency exits if they start from technical local without place forfrequently working people but which is only used to serve rooms of class A or B as saidabove.

− The emergency exits from the basement and half-basement which have rooms of class

C, D, E, going into rooms of class C4, D and E and going into the hall on level 1 of thegroup F5 when satisfying the requests of 4.24;

− Emergency exits from the waiting room, locker-room, smoking room and sanitaryrooms on the basement or half-basement of building group F2, F3, and F4 going intothe hall of level 1 through private walking staircase class 2;

− Intermediate space, including double intermediate space on the direct exit way from thehouse, from the basement and half-basement

3.2.3 Exits are not considered as emergency exits if at these exits entrance doors or gateshaving sliding or folded up wings, rolling shutter, rotating shutter are installed

Doors having outside opening wings (Hinged doors) as listed above are considered asemergency exits

3.2.4

3.2.4 The quantity and width of emergency exits from rooms, levels and houses are calculatedaccordingly to the max number of exit people which could get through of them and thepermitted limit distance from the farthest point which may have people (Activities,working place) to the nearest emergency exit

NOTE: 1) The max numb er of exit people from various spaces of the building or building part is calculated accordingly to the appendix G, article G.3;

2) Apart from common requests as shown in this Code, the quantity and emergency exit width are shown

in the Technical Code applied for each class of construction Appendix G shows some regulations for some popular groups of houses.

Parts of houses which are in risk of fire according to various functions and separated by stopping components have to have private emergency exits

fire-3.2.5

3.2.5 The following rooms have to have not fewer than 2 emergency exits:

− Rooms of group F 1.1 having at the same time over 10 people;

− Rooms in the basement and half basement having at the same time over 15 people;except rooms in the basement and half basement having from 6 to 15 people at thesame time, then one of two exits has to respect requests shown in 3.2.13d;

− Rooms having at the same time over 50 people;

− Rooms of group F5 class A or B having people working in the most crowded shift over

5 people, class C – over 25 people or having a surface over 1.000 m2;

− Open working platform or platforms used for maintenance staffs in rooms belonging toclass F5 having a surface over 100 m2 – To rooms belonging to class A and B orhaving a surface over 400 m2 – To rooms belonging to other classes

Rooms of group F1.3 (Apartment) arranged on both floors (2 levels – which are usuallycalled 2-storey apartment), when the higher storey height is over 18m then it is asked tohave emergency exits for each storey

− F 5, class A or B when the number of people working in the most crowded shift isover 5 people, class C when the number of people working in the most crowded shift isover 25 people

Basement and half basement have to have nor fewer than 2 emergency exits when thesurface is over 300 m2 or when there are 25 people present at the same time

In houses having height not higher than 15m, it is allowable to have one emergency exitfrom each floor (Or from one part of the floor separated from other parts of the floor byfire-stopping components) which has fire risk according to function F 1.2, F 3, F 4.3having surface over 300 m2, with the number of people not over 20 people and whenthe emergency exit entering into the walking staircase which has fire-rated door of class

between farthest emergency exits (This one to another) is calculated accordingly to theformula:

- For exit way from rooms: L≥1,50

- For exit way from corridors: L≥0,33

3.2.9 Clear height of emergency exit must not smaller than 1,9m , clear width will not besmaller than :

+ 1,2 m – from rooms belonging to group F 1.1 when exit people is over than 15people, from rooms and houses belonging to fire risk group of other function whichhave exit people over 50 people , except group F 1.3;

+ 0,8m – For all other cases

The external doors width of the walking staircase as well as all doors from the walkingstaircase into hall will not smaller than the calculation value or the width value of stairsslab specified in 3.4.1

In all cases, when deciding the width of an emergency exit it is asked to take into account

of the geometry shape of the exit way through door or door opening in order not to disturbthe movement of stretcher on which there is man

3.2.10 Doors of emergency exits and other doors on the exit way have to open along the exit fluxfrom inside to outside

There is no regulation on opening direction for:

a) Rooms belonging to group F1.3 and 1.4;

b) Rooms containing at the same time not over 15 people, except rooms of class A or B;c) Storages having surface not over than 200 m2 and there is no place for peopleworking frequently;

d) Sanitary rooms;

e) Exit way leading to standing of walking staircase class 3

3.2.11 Doors of emergency exits from level corridors, common space, waiting room, hall andwalking staircase chamber must not equipped with locks so that they could be easily

open from inside without key In building having height over 15m, door wings as saidabove, except apartment doors, have to be solid or in temper glazing.

For staircase chambers, entrance doors have to be equipped with door closers and doorgaps have to be well sealed Door inside walking staircase chamber, which are directlyopen to the outside, are not in need of door closers and it is no need to well door gaps.Doors of emergency exits from rooms or corridors have to be anti- enforced smoke, theyhave to be solid doors and equipped with door closers and doors gaps have to be wellsealed These doors which may be open for service, then they have to be equipped withdoor closers in prevention of fire

3.2.12 Exits which do not satisfy requests applied for emergency exits could be considered asurgent exits in order to increase safety level for people in case of fire Urgent exits are nottaken into account of emergency exit in case of fire

3.2.13 Apart from cases as shown in 3.2.12, urgent exits also includes:

a) Exits to balcony or loggia, where there is solid wall whose width is not smaller 1.2mfrom the balcony edge ( Loggia) to window ( Or glazing door) or not smaller than1.6m between glazing panels opening to balcony (( Loggia);

b) Exits leading to an intermediate open walk way( Crossing Bridge ) and then to anadjacent single house belonging to group F1.3 or to an adjacent fire compartment.This intermediate walk way has to be not smaller 0.6 m in width;

c) Exits to balcony or loggia, where there is an outside staircase connecting balconies orLoggias of each level;

d) Exits to outside directly from rooms which have finish floor level not smaller than 4.5m and not bigger than 5.0m through windows or doors having size not smaller than0.75m x 1.5m, also through trap doors having size not smaller than 0.6m x 0.8m;

-In that case at these exits there have to be ladders, slope of these ladders are notspecified;

e) Exits outside house roof which have fire rate of I, II and III belonging to SO and SIthrough windows, doors or trap doors with dimension and ladders specified in articled)

3.2.14 In technical levels it is allowable to arrange emergency exits with their heights notsmaller than 1.8m;

From technical levels in which they are only used for construction technical networks(Piping, wirings, ) it is allowable to arrange urgent exits through doors with dimensionnot smaller than 0.75m x 1.5m or through trap doors with dimension not smaller than0.6m x 0.8m but no need to arrange emergency exits

When the technical levels have their surface up to 300m2 it is allowable to arrange oneexit, and with each next surface which is smaller than 2.000m2 then it is asked to arrangenot fewer than one exit

In underground technical levels these exits have to be separated from other exits of thebuilding and directly led to the outside

3.3 Emergency Emergency exitexit

3.3.1 The emergency exit is a line for continuous moving and could not be interrupted fromany

Points in the building or construction on the way to the outside, Emergency exits have to

be well lit up and properly instructed accordingly to Standards TCVN 3890: 2009 – Fireprotection instruments equipped for house and construction, arrangement, testing andhanding

3.3.2 The allowable limit distance from the farthest point of the room, or from the farthestworking place to the nearest emergency exit, which is measured along the axe ofemergency exit line, has to be limited depending on:+ Fire Danger group according to function and explosion danger class of the room andhouse;

+ The number of exit people;

+ Geometry parameters of the room and the emergency exit line;

+ Structure Fire danger grade and fire rate of the house

Length of the emergency exit line along walking staircase of class 2 is equal to 3 times ofthat staircase height

shown in Codes applied for each kind of construction Appendix G shows some regulations for some popular groups of house.

3.3.3 In arrangement, Design if emergency exit lines it is asked to respect requests of 3.2.1 Theemergency exit line is not composed of lift, rolling elevator and some lines as shownbelow:

- Lines through corridors which have exits from lift cabinet, through lift lobby andintermediated compartment in from of lift, if the covering structure of the lift cabinet,including lift cabinet door, could not satisfy requests as to fire stopping components;

- Lines through walking staircase chambers when they have a way getting through thestanding of the staircase chamber are a part of the corridor, as well as the way gettingthrough the room in which a walking staircase of class 2 is installed, and that thisstaircase is not the staircase of emergency exit;

- Lines along house roof, except roof which are in use or a roof part which is equippedspecifically for emergency exit purpose;

- Lines along walking staircase of class 2, which connect from and over 3 levels ( Floors)

as well as leading from basement and half basement, except cases as shown in 3.2.2.3.3.4 On emergency exit lines in buildings belonging to all fire rates and structure fire dangergrade, except buildings which have their fire rate of class V and building belonging toS3, it is not allowable to use materials which have their fire danger higher than that ofgroups as listed below:

- Ch1, BC1, SK2,ĐT2 –M To wall finishing, ceiling and suspending ceiling board inhalls, walking staircase chamber and inside lift lobby;

- Ch2, BC2, SK3,ĐT3 or Ch2, BC3,ĐT2- To wall finishing, ceiling and suspendingceiling board in common corridor, common room and waiting room;

- Ch2, LT2, SK2,ĐT2 – To floor covering in hall, walking staircase chamber and lift

3.3.5 In the corridors of the exit as shown on the item 3.2.1, except the cases shown particular

in the specification, it is not allowed to arrange: the equipments which are salient out thewall’s surface at the level of less than 2m, the flammable liquid and gas lines, as well aswall cabinet, excluding communication panel and fire- plug panel

The corridors as mentioned on the item 3.2.1 must be covered by fire material inaccordance with the specified standards for each building type

The corridors of more than 60m must be partitioned by fire resistance partitions of the type

2 into the sections which have the length is determined according to the smoke protectionregulations’ shown in the Appendix D, but not exceeding 60m The doors at these fireresistance partitions must comply with the requirements of 3.2.11

When the doors of the room are salient the corridor, the width of the exit according to thecorridor must be equal the clearance width of the corridor to minus:

- A half of the door’s overhang width (for the most overhang door)- when the door isarranged on one side of the corridor;

- All of the door’s overhang width (for the most overhang door) – when the door isarranged on two sides of the corridor;

- This requirement is not applied to the floor corridor ( lobby) located between the door

of the apartment and the door of the stairs room in the units of the group F1.3

3.3.6 The clearance height of horizontal sections of the exits shall be not less than 2m, theclearance width of the horizontal sections of the exits and the ramps are not less than:+ 1.2m – for the common corridor used to exit for over 15 peoples from the rooms of thegroup F1, for over 50 peoples – from the rooms of the fire hazard group as other features;+ 0.7m – for the access go to the single working stations;

+ 1.0m- for all other cases

In any case, the exits must be enough large, their geometry is also considered, in order tonot obstruct the transportation of stretchers with the wounded people lying on there.3.3.7 It is allowed to arrange the steps with the difference height of less than 45cm or the high-edges on the slab of the exit, except the threshold of the door At step locations mustarrange the staircase step with the step number of not less than 3 or do the slope with theangle of slopes of not more than 1:6 (the difference height does not exceed 10cm for thelength of 60 cm or a angle which is made by the slope and the plan is not more than 9.50)

It is requested to arrange the handrails for the stairs at the locations which have thedifference height of the more than 45cm.

It is not allowed to arrange a spiral staircase, a curved staircase in full or in part according

to the layout and it is not allowed to arrange the staircase steps that their height and width

is different on the staircase and the room of staircase It is not allowed to arrange a mirror

on the exit in order to cause the confusion on the exit

3.4 Staircase and staircase chamber on the emergency exit

3.4.1

3.4.1 The width of staircase slab to exit , including the staircase slab in chamber staircase, notsmaller than the width of calculation or the width of any emergency exit ( door) on it, andnot less than:

a) 1,35m- for the house of group F1.1;

b) 1,2m - for the house having over 200 people on any floor, except the 1st floor;c) 0,7m - for the staircase leading to the single – work;

d) 0,9m – for all remaining cases

3.4.2 Slope (angle) of staircase s on the emergency exits, which are not over 1:1 (450); thewidth of tread is not less than 25cm, and the height of step is not more than 22cm.Slope (angle) of open staircase going to the single working place, which is allowed up to2:1(63,50)

It is allowable to reduce the tread height of curved staircase (usually arrange at hall of 1stfloor) at place which is narrowed to 22cm; It is allowable to reduce the tread height to 12for the staircase only use the rooms having the total number of working place over 15people ( except the rooms of group F5, class A or B)

The staircase of class 3 must be made by the incombustible material and installed close tothe solid section (no windows or light gab) of wall having the fire hazard group not lowerthan K1 and fire- resistance rating not lower than REI 30 These staircases must have thestaircase fly located at the same level of emergency exit, which have the balcony height

of 1,2m and arranged with distance not less than 1m from window gab

The staircase of class 2 must satisfy the stipulated requirements for the staircase slab andthe staircase fly in the staircase chamber

3.4.3 The width of staircase fly must not less than the width of staircase slab And the width ofstaircase fly in front of the entrance of elevator( the staircase fly is also the elevatorlobby) for the elevator which has hinged door open to outside, must be not less than thetotal width of the staircase slab and half of door width of elevator, but not less than 1,6m.The intermediate landing in the rectilinear staircase slab must have length which is notless than 1m

The doors have door leaf open to staircase chamber, and then opening the door leaf not bereduced the calculated width of the staircase fly and the staircase slab

3.4.4 In the staircase chamber, it’s not allowable to arrange:

- The combustible gas-pipe line and the combustible liquid;

- The wall cupboards, except the communication cabinets and cabinets containing firehydrant;

- The cable and the open- installed wire (except the wire for the low current device) tolighting the corridor and the staircase chamber;

- The exit from the freight lift and the lifting device

- The device exposed from the wall at a height of less than 2.2 m from the surface of thesteps and landing

- In the space of the stair chamber, do not allow arranging any function room

3.4.5

3.4.5 In the space of the staircase chambers, except the smoke non-contamination case, it’sallowed arranging not exceeded than 02 passenger elevators down to the first floor onlywith the structure of cover of staircase pit is made from the fire resistance material.The outdoor staircase pit, in case of the cover is needed; it should be made from the fireresistance material

3.4.6

3.4.6 Staircase chamber in first floor shall have the directly exit to the next property ofbuilding or through out the hall that separated with the abutting corridors by a class 1and fire resisting wall which has a door When arranging the exits from two staircasechambers passing the common hall, one of them, except the exit leading to hall, must beopened to the outside directly

The N1 type of staircase chamber must have an exit opened to the outside directly.3.4.7

3.4.7 Staircase chambers, excepted the L2 type one, must have the scattered light with thearea not less than 1.2m2 on the outside wall on each floor

It’s allowed arranging not exceed than 50% inside staircase chambers without thescattered light to be used for exit way, in the following cases:

- Buildings in group F2, F3 and F4: applied with the M3 or N4 staircase chamberswhich have the positive air pressure when burning

- Buildings in group G5 class C with the height up till 28m, class D and E are notbelonged to the height of building: for the N3 staircase chamber which has thepositive air pressure when burning

- The L2 type of staircase chamber must have the scattered light with the area not lessthan 4m2 with the opening’s width between staircase side is not less than 0,7m orthe light well is along the height of staircase chamber with the section area not lessthan 2m2

3.4.8

3.4.8 Smoke proofing in N2 and N3 types of staircase chambers must follow up to Appendix

D If necessary, the N2 type of staircase chamber must be separated into box that hasthe same height of fire resisting wall class 1 with the passes between boxes that areoutside of space of staircase chamber;

The windows in N2 staircase chambers shall be the sealed one

3.4.9 Smoke non-contamination of walk way through the outside ventilation space and lead tosmoke uncontaminated walking staircase of class N1 has to be respected by structuresolution and space urbanism

- These walk ways have to be opened, not usually arranged at corners inside thebuilding, and have to respect these requests:

- When a part of external wall of the building is in joint with the other wall under anangle less than 1350 then the horizontal distance from the opening of the nearestdoor at the outside ventilation space to the contact angle must not less than 4m; thisdistance may be reduced to a value which is equal to the projection of the externalwall; this request is not applied for walk way, which is at the contact angles biggerthan 1350, as well as for the projection of the external wall having a value not biggerthan 1,2m;

- The width of the wall between the door opening of the outside ventilation space andthe nearest window of the room must not less than 2m;

- Walk ways have to have their widths which are not less than 1,2m, with theirhandrail heights of 1,2m, the width of the wall between the door opening and theoutside ventilation space must not less than 1,2m

3.4.10

3.4.10.The L1 type of staircase chamber is allowed arranging in all buildings belonged to thefire danger group in function that has the height of 28m; meanwhile, building of groupF5 class A or B, the entrance from room class A or B to corridor should be passed abuffer chamber which always has the positive air pressure

3.4.11

3.4.11.The L2 type of staircase chamber is allowed arranging in the building which has the firerate I, II, II of the structural fire danger S0, S1 and functional fire danger of F1, F2, F3and F4, with the height not exceeded than 9m It’s allowed increasing the heightbuilding up to 12m if the above scattered light could be automatic opened when havingfire and when the building of group F1.3 has the automatic fire alarm or theindependence smoke detectors

The arrangement of L2 type of staircase chamber must ensure the followingrequirements:

- In the building of group F2, F3, F4, quantity of staircase type L2 is not exceededthan 50%, the remaining staircase must have the scattered light at outdoor wall ofeach floor (Type L1);

- In the building of group F1.3 single block, if the apartment has the level of 4m orupper, it must have an emergency exit in accordance to 3.2.13

3.4.12

3.4.12 In buildings which have the height over 28m as well as in the buildings of group F5class A or B, it should be arranged the smoke non-contamination case type N1

Allowing:

- To arrange but not exceeded 50% staircase chamber Type N2 in buildings of group

- To arrange the staircase chamber type N2 or N3 which has the positive air pressure

in the buildings of group F5 class B;

- To arrange the staircase chamber type N2 or N3 which has the positive air pressurewhen burning in the buildings of group F5 class C or D As arranging the staircasechamber type L1, the chamber should be separated by solid fire resistance wall atevery 20m high level and the lobby from a chamber to another one of staircasechamber should be put in out of space of chamber

3.4.13

3.4.13 In buildings which have the smoke non-contamination staircase chamber must beinstalled the smoke prevention for common corridor, halls, common space and waitingrooms

3.4.14

3.4.14 In buildings which have the fire resistance grade I and II belonged to the fire dangerlevel in SO structure, that’s allowed to arrange the staircase class 2 from the mainentrance to second floor and as follow as the requirements of 4.26

3.4.15

3.4.15 In buildings which have the height not over than 28m is belonged to the fire dangergroup in functions F1.2, F2, F3, F4, with the fire resistance grade I, II and fire dangerlevel in SO structure’s allowed to use the staircase type 2, which could connect 02floors or more, as the exit staircases are applied the requirements of standard and 4.27.3.4.16

3.4.16.The escalators should be arranged in accordance with the regulations stipulated forstaircase type 2

4 STOPPING THE SPREADING FIRE

4.1 Stopping the spreading out of the fire is done by using measures which could limit thesurface on fire, fire intensity and fire duration That means:

- Using structure solution and space urbanism, in order to stop the spreading out ofdangerous factors of the fire in room space, and among rooms, among groups ofrooms which have fire danger according to various functions, among levels andsingles, among fire compartments, as well as among buildings;

- Limiting the fire danger of construction materials used in building surface,including: Roof covering, finishing coverings of external walls, rooms and

emergency exits;

- Limiting the fire danger and industrial explosion danger in rooms and buildings;

- Having initial fire stopping equipments, including automatic and manual ones;

- Having fire detection and fire alarm equipments

NOTE : 1) Regulation on the fire protection distance between houses, public constructions and manufacture

factory is shown in appendix E Distance between combustible liquid storage, open storages on

), flammable gas to other constructions has to respect specialized Codes.

2) The term “Fire intensity” is shown in appendix A.

4.2 Housing, public constructions, manufacture factory and storage have to satisfy requests

on fire protection of this Code and regulations in the Design Standards applied for thoseconstructions Particularly, the number of levels (permit height of the building), firecompartment surface and limit level for amphitheatre arrangement of someconstructions has to follow regulations shown in appendix H

4.3 Housing parts (Rooms, technical floor, basement, half basement and other parts of thehouse) in which the fire extinguishment is difficult are asked to be equipped withcomplementary devices in order to limit surface, intensity and duration of fire

4.4 The effect of solutions in order to stop the spreading out of the fire may be evaluated byusing economic – Technical calculations based on request shown in 1.4.1 regarding toLimitation of damages caused by direct and indirect fire

1 LPG is the abbreviation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas

4.5 House parts and rooms belonging to fire risk groups according to various functions have

to be separated among them by using separation structure with fire limit and structurefire risk grade as per specifications or the separation could be done by using firestopping components In this case, the request on this separation structure and firestopping components has to take into account of the fire risk according to function ofrooms, value of loads on fire, fire rate and structure fire risk grade of the house.4.6 In a building when sections which have fire risk according to various functions areseparated by fire stopping components then each of those components has to satisfyrequests on fire stopping the same as those applied for buildings having fire riskaccording to corresponding functions

Selection of the fire protection system of the building has to base on following things :When all parts of the building which have fire risk according to various functions, thenthe fire danger according to function of the whole building may be higher than the firedanger according to function of any part of that building

4.7 In houses belonging to group F5, if the Technology is permitted, it is needed to arrangerooms of class A and B near external walls, and in multi-storey buildings, it is needed toarrange these rooms on above storey.

4.8 In basements and half basements, it is not allowed to arrange rooms which use or storecombustible gas or liquid as well as inflammable materials, except some specific cases.4.9 Construction elements must not be conditions with which invisible fire spreading out isfacilitated

4.10 Fire rate of connection details of construction elements will not be lower than therequest fire rate of that element

4.11 Falling structure on floor in audience rooms has to satisfy requests regarding to firelimit and fire danger as per in Table 4 and 5 as middle floors

4.12 In arrangement of technical piping, cabling through wall, slab and partition structure,the contact positions between piping, cablings and these structures have to be wellsealed or well treated on order not to decrease fire technical characteristics as requested

In order to increase the fire limit or decrease the fire danger of the elements, it is notallowable to use covering or soaking for special fire protection at positions at whichreplacement or recovery of these materials could not be done

4.14 Effect of fire protection, used to decrease the fire danger of materials, has to beevaluated by testing on the fire danger of construction materials as shown in part 2(Technical classification on fire)

Effect of fire protection, used to increase the fire rate of elements, has to be evaluated bytesting on the fire limit of construction materials as shown in part 2 (Technicalclassification on fire)

Effect of fire protection, is not accounted when calculating the bearing capacity of metalelements (Column or beam), it is allowable to evaluate by comparison testings ofdimension reduced scale mock-up of column with height not smaller than 1,7m or beammock-up with span not smaller than 2,8m without static load

4.15 Suspending ceilings used to increase the fire limit of slab and roof, in terms of fire risk,have to satisfy all requests applied for those slabs and roofs.

Fire stopping partitions in rooms having suspending ceilings have to separate the wholespace above the suspending ceiling

In the space above the suspending ceiling it is not allowable to arrange channels andpiping which carry combustible matters in form of air, dust – air combination, liquidand combustible stuffs

Suspending ceilings are not arranged in rooms of class A or B

4.16 At the intersection of fire stopping components and covering structure of the building,and even at positions where the building is changed in form and shape, it is asked tohave a solution in order not to let fire spread out to these fire stopping components.4.17 To fire stopping walls, which are used to separate the house into fire compartment, theyhave to be arranged on the whole height of the house and make sure that fire could notspread out from fire resource to adjacent fire compartment when the building structure

at the section on fire collapses

4.18 Openings in fire stopping components have to be well closed in case of fire/

Windows in fire stopping components have to be un-openable windows, and doors,gates and traps and valves have to be automatically closed and all door gaps have to bewell sealed When doors, gates and traps and valves are in need of opening for servicethen they have to be equipped with automatically closed device in case of fire

4.19 The whole surface of openings in fire stopping components, except covering structure

of lift cabinet, will not exceed 25% of the surface of that fire stopping component Firedoor and valve in fire stopping components have to satisfy requests shown in 2.4.3 andrequests of this section

At doors of fire stopping components used to separate rooms of class A or B from otherspaces such as : Rooms whose class is different from A or B, corridors, walkingstaircase and lift lobby, it is asked to arrange intermediate space whose pressure isalways positive (+) as per request shown in Appendix D It is not allowable to arrangecommon intermediate spaces for both or over 2 rooms which have their same class of A

adjacent levels of gas, combustible steam, liquid air, dust and combustible fiber whichare able to create explosion risk concentration Effect of those solutions has to be justified.

In openings of fire stopping components between adjacent rooms belonging to class C,

D and E, when it is impossible to close the fire door or gate, it is allowable to arrangeopen intermediate compartments which are equipped with automatic fireextinguishment devices Covering structure of these intermediate compartments has to

be fire stopping structure

4.21 Fire Door and valve in fire stopping components have to be made from combustible materials

non-It is allowable to use materials belonging to the fire group which is lower than Ch3 andprotected by non-combustible materials having their thickness not smaller then 4mm inorder to make fire doors, gates, traps and valves

Door of fire stopping compartments, entrance door, gate, trap in fire stoppingcomponents in rooms in which there is no use and storage of combustible gas,combustible liquid and combustible materials, as well as there is not any technologicalprocess concerning a creation of combustible dust, are then allowable to be fabricatedfrom materials belonging to fire group Ch3 with their thickness not lower than 40mmand without cavity

4.22 It is not allowable to arrange channels, well and piping which carry combustible gas,combination of dust-combustible gas, combustible liquid, combustible stuff andmaterials to get through walls and slabs of fire class 1

To channels, well and piping which carry stuffs and materials other than those listedabove then at intersection positions of these fire stopping components it is asked toinstall automatic device which could stop spreading out of products on fire alongchannels, well and piping

NOTE : 1) It is allowable to install ventilation piping and chimney in fire wall of the house, public construction

and utilities construction when the min thickness of the fire wall (Minus the piping section) at that position is not lower than 25cm, and the thickness of the fire wall between the ventilation piping and chimney is not lower than 12cm.

2) Positions where water drainage of the fire stopping components is installed have to be treated correspondingly to specification shown in 4.12.

4.23 Covering structure of lift cabinet (Except cabinets shown in 3.4.5) and technical local oflift (Except local on roof), as well as of channels, cabinets and technical risers have torespect requests given as to fire partition of class 1 and fire slab of class 3 There is nospecification in terms of fire limit for covering structure between lift cabinet andtechnical local of lift

When it is impossible to install fire stopping partitions in the covering structure of liftcabinet as said above, it is asked to arrange intermediate spaces or halls with firestopping of class 1 and fire stopping slab of class 3 or barriers which will automaticallyclose all openings of the lift cabinet in case of fire These barriers have to be made fromnon-combustible materials and their fire limit could not be lower than EI 45.

In buildings which have smoke uncontaminated walking staircase, it is asked to arrange

an automatic smoke protection system for lift cabinet which at entrance door there isnot any intermediate fire compartments with positive air pressure in case of fire

4.24 Trash chamber, piping and trash collection outlet have to be designed, installed inrespect of Standards, specific technical specification applied for this item and followingrequests:

- Trash piping and trash chamber have to be separated with other parts of the house byusing fire stopping components; trash collection outlet on every floors has to beequipped with automatic well closed fire stopping trap door;

- It is not allowable to put trash piping and trash chamber inside walking staircasechamber, waiting hall or intermediate spaces which are fire stopping covered andused for emergency exit

- Chambers having trash piping or used to contain trash have to make sure that theyhave direct entrance way through an outside ventilation compartment or through anintermediate fire stopping compartment which is frequently well ventilated

- Door into trash chamber must not be put adjacently to emergency exits or doorsleading to outside of the building or be put near windows of houses

4.254.25 In building which belong to any groups of fire danger according to function, exceptgroup F1.3, according to industrial conditions, it is allowable to arrange private walkingstaircases for the circulation between the basement or half basement with the level 1.These walking staircases have to be covered with fire partition class 1 with the fireintermediate space which has positive pressure in case of fire

It is allowable to arrange the fire intermediate space as specified for these walkingstaircases for house group F5 under the condition that they start from the basement ofhalf basement which has rooms of class C4, D, E into rooms of the same class on thelevel 1

These walking staircases must not be taken into account in calculation of emergencyexit, except cases mentioned on 3.2.1

4.26 In arrangement of walking staircase of class 2 from level 1 Hall up to level 2, then thishall has to be separated from the corridors and adjacent rooms by using fire stopping

partitions of class 1.

4.27 Rooms in which there is walking staircase of class 2 as per 3.4.15 have to be separatedfrom corridors to which these rooms connect and other rooms by using fire stoppingmaterials of class 1 It is allowable not to separate rooms which have walking staircase

of class 2 by using fire partitions when:

- An automatic fire protection is installed in the whole building;

- In buildings which have their heights not over 9m and with surface of 1 level notover 300 m2

4.28 In basement or half basement, it is asked to arrange fire stopping buffer chamber ofclass 1 which have positive pressure in case of fire in front of the entrance way of lifts.4.29 Selection of building dimension and fire compartments, as well as the distance betweenhouses has to de depend on fire grade, structural fire danger grade, fire risk groupaccording to function and fire load value, taking into account of the effect of the fireprotection means in use, the presence, position and provision level of fireextinguishment units, possible consequences regarding to ecological environment due

These solutions consist of:

− Arranging the lines for a fire truck and the access for fire brigade and equipment,combining with the roads and walkways according to building’s feature or arrangingparticularly

− Arranging the fire escapes outside buildings and other necessary equipments must bealso ensured so that the fire brigades and equipments can come in the building’s floorsand roofs, including the arrange of the elevators with the function is “the service of firebrigades”

− Arrange of fire water line to combine with domestic water line or arranging particularly,

and when necessary, arranging the breeching inlets, water lines going to buildings forfire brigade ,hydrants, tanks or other water supply sources.

− Smoke prevention for the ways of fire brigade inside buildings

− Buildings shall be arranged the safety equipments for individual and community ifnecessary

− Residential area, industrial park or buildings shall be arranged the fire fighting station(team) with the necessary fire fighting equipment and employee number which cansatisfy fire fighting conditions on Site in the scope of these stations’ (teams) operation.Choosing of the solutions as mentioned above shall depend on fire resistance level, firehazard level of structure and fire hazard group according to the building’s feature.5.2 The road for fire truck shall ensure following regulations:

− The width of pavement is not less than 3.50 m per each line The minimum limit height

of the road is 4.25 m;

− Pavement must ensure bearing the load of fire truck as the design requirement and to be

in accordance with the vehicle type of Local Rescue and Fire Fighting Department;Dead-end road for one road line is not be longer than 150 m, the end of each road shouldhas the turning circuit area as the regulation of 5.3 If the road’s length exceeds 100m,

it should have a space to avoid other vehicles as the specification of item 5.4;

− This road could go to the water source for fire fighting work as well as go to theadvantage points for rescue and fire fighting works Distance from parking to thebreeching inlet is not more than 18 m

5.3 Design of turning circuit parking must comply with one of the following regulations:

− Equilateral triangle with sides are not less than 7 m, a triangle’s vertex is at the end road, two other ones are balanced on two sides of the road;

dead-− The square with the sides of not less than 12m;

− The Circle with the diameter of not less than 10 m;

− The rectangle is perpendicular to the dead-end road and balanced on either two sides

of the road, is not more than 5 m x 20 m

5.4 For the narrow road is only enough for one line, at least 100 m, it must be designed oneexpansion section at least the width of 7 m and the length of 8 m so that fire truck andother vehicles can avoid easily

5.5 Roads for fire truck for house, public buildings and auxiliary building of industrial park

To be sure that the road for fire truck going to house and public buildings, a road and

parking for ladder truck or crane truck in order to go to each apartment or room on thehigh floors.

The distance from the edge of the road to the wall of the house is allowed from 5 m to 8

m for the building of 10 floors, and from 8 m to 10 m for the buildings of over floors It shall not be allowed to arrange a diaphragm, overhead power lines and theplanted trees in row in the areas that has this distance.

10-Along the external surface where there is no entrance, it is allowed to arrange the landareas with the width of at least 6m and the length of at least 12m used for fire truckparking including their allowed load

5.6 The road for fire truck follows to buildings and industrial works

The entire length of the buildings and industrial works, it is suggested to has the accessfor fire truck: from one side, if the width of the buildings or Works is less than 18 mand from both sides, if the width of the building and work is more than 18 m

For the houses with the construction area of over 10.000 m2 or the width of over 100mshall has the access for all sides

When production conditions do not require a road, the access of fire truck is allowed toarrange the road of 3.5m, the road foundation is reinforced by the materials which canbear the load of fire truck and to be ensured to drain the surface water

The distance from the edge of the entrance of fire truck to the wall of the house mustnot be more than 5 m for the building’s height of over 12 m, not more 8m for thebuilding’s height of over 12m to 28m and not more than 10 m for the height of over 28m

In case of necessary, the distance from the edge of the road to the external wall of thebuildings and structure will be increased up to 60 m with the condition such as thisbuilding and structure have the dead-end roads, including the turning circuit parkingfor fire truck and hydrants In that case, the distance from the buildings and structure tothe turning circuit parking of fire truck must not be less than 5 m and not more than 15

m and the distance between the dead-end roads shall not exceed 100 m

2) For the water tanks used for fire fighting, should have the access with the courtyard is not less than 12 m.

3) The hose reels should be located along the road, make sure the distance to the edge of the road not more than 2.5 m and the distance to the wall of the building not less than 5 m.

5.7 For the buildings’ height of more than or equal 10m including the roof trim’s height orthe above edge of the external wall (retaining wall) must have the roof access directlyfrom the staircase’s rooms or going through the attic floor, or follow the staircase of theclass 3 or follow the outside fire ladder of the class 3

Number of roof access and their arrangement must be based on the fire hazard

according to the feature and the sizes of the house, but not less than one access:

− For each distance of less than or equal 100 m in comparison with the length of the housewhich have the attic floor

− For each area of less than or equal to 1,000 m2 of the roof area which has not the atticfloor belonging the group F 1, F 2, F 3 and F 4

− For each 200 m of the perimeter of the house F5 follows fire ladders

It is allowed to arrange fire escape:

− The fire ladders in the façade of the building, if the width of building not more 150 mand in front of the building has the fire water supply line;

− The roof access of the buildings of one floor has the roof’s area not more 100 m2.5.8 In the attic floors, except the group of F 1.4 must have the roof access and go throughthe fixed staircase and the doors, lid or window with the size not less than 0.6 m x 0.8m

The attic floor or roof access from the staircase’s room must be located under thestaircases with the landings in front of the exit, go through the fire prevention doors ofclass 2 with the size not less than 0.75 m x 1.5 m The staircases and landings asmentioned above may be made of steel but have to has a slope (angle) is not more than2: 1 (63.5 °) and the width not less than 0.7 m

In the buildings of the group F 1, F 2, F 3 and F 4 to is the height of 15 m allowed toarrange the access to go to the attic floor or going to the roof from the staircase’s roomand go to the fire prevention lids of the class 2 with the dimension of 06m x 0.8maccording to the steel ladder fixed

5.9 In the technical floors, including technical attic and basement floor, the clearance height

of the walkway not less than 1.8 m; in the attic floors along the entire buildings - notless than 1.6 m The width of this width shall not be less than 1.2 m It is allowed todecrease the height of the walkway to 1,2m in the separate sections with the length notmore than 2 m, and the minimum width of 0.9m

5.10 In the building which has the under roof floor, it is required to have the access opening

in the protection structure of under roof floor

5.11 At points which difference the level of the roof is more than 1m (including the pointsused to raise the light aperture and louvers) must be fire ladder

At areas which difference the level of the roof is more than 10 m, if each part of theroof has the area of more than 100 m2 with the individual floor door meeting therequirements of 5.7, or the height of the lower roof part, determined by the requirement

of 5.7 not exceed 10 m shall not allowed to arrange for fire ladder

5.12 To use the fire ladders of class P1 going up to the level of 20 m and at the leveldifference locations of the roof from 1 m to 20 m It must be used the fire ladder of classP2 going to the level of over 20 m and at the level difference locations is over 20m.Fire ladders must be made by the non-flammable material and placed the prominentlocation and away from windows not less than 1 m Ladder’s width is 0.7 m For ladder

of class P1, from the height of 10 m or over must be the protection circular frame withthe diameter of 0.35 m, the center of this frame and elevator is 0.45 m apart Theseframes must be placed 0.7 m apart, the roof access must have the landing with thehandrail’s height is at least 0.6m For the ladder P2, it is requested to have a handrail andlanding of not more than 8 m apart

5.13 Between the staircases and between the balconies and handrails of the staircases must

be a gap with a clearance width shown on the layout not less than 100 mm

5.14 In each of the combustion chamber of buildings have the height of over 28 m (except thebuilding belong the group F 1.3) must be arranged the elevators in order to satisfy therequirements for the transport of fire brigade and equipment

LEGEND: Specific technical requirement of elevator which shall be ensured to transport fire brigade and equipment

will have the particular standard.

5.15 Inside buildings with the slope up to 12%, the height from ground to the roof trim or theabove edge of the external wall (diaphragm) is more than 10 m, as well as in thebuildings with the slope of more than 12% and the height from the ground to the rooftrim which is more than 7 m shall have balcony, handrail on the roof in accordance withthe current standards These balconies, handrails must also be arranged for flat roofs,which does not depend on the height of building

5.16 Fire water supply system for building must be ensured to the fire brigade and equipmentcan go and use at all times

5.17 Supplying the fire fighting water as well as equipping the specialized fire-fightingequipment, facilities for building and structure must comply with the standards ofTCVN 3890: 2009

5.18 Fire resistance control room

a) The buildings of over10-storeies, the narrow density public houses, garage,workshop, warehouse with the area of over 18,000 m2 must have the fire resistancecontrol room and skill personnel who will work 24/24 hour in this control room.b) Fire resistance control room must:

− Having a sufficient area to arrange the equipments as the fire prevention requests ofhouse, but not less than 6 m2;

− Having two entrances: one way go to the space outside building and one go to the main

corridor for an evacuation.

− Be separated with other parts of building by the fire resistance material of class 1

− Install the communication equipment and the fire alarm center that can contact all areas

of the building

− Having control panel to monitor the fire fighting device, smoke control device and there

is the layout drawing of the fire fighting equipment of the building

Appendix A – Definition of TermsA.1 Fire Safety of Building and structure (Work item)

To be sure that the requirements about building structure and material properties, aboutthe planning and architecture solutions, the technology and technical solutionsappropriate to the building using characteristic, in order to prevent fire (fire protection),and limit spread, ensure to extinguish a fire (fire resistant), prevent the dangerouselements causing a humans, minimize the property damages when occur a fire.A.2 Siliceous aggregate concrete:

Concrete made by an aggregate with normal density, composition is mostly silica(SiO2) or Silicate (salt of silicon acid)

A.3 Fire hazard level of structural elements (see item 2.3 and appendix B)

Characteristic of group distribution of structural elements is based on different levels ofparameters of burning test result of materials which constitute the structure elementsaccording to the specified standards

A.4 Fire hazard level of structure

Fire hazard level of the building’s structure is determined by fire hazard level ofBuilding’s main elements (see 2.6.3)

A.5 Fire intensity:

It means a factor show the heat release rate of a fire

A.6 Fire hazard group according to feature:

Characteristic of house group distribution (or the parts of the house) based on theirusing characteristics and according to the factors that could threaten the life safety inthe case of a fire, including the factors such as age, physical condition, etc… of persongroup according to the main feature

A.7 Fire hazard group of material (see item 2.2 and Appendix B):

Characteristic of materials group distribution based on the different levels of parameters

of burning test results for material according to the specified standards

A.8 Combustion chamber:

A part of the house is separated with other parts of the house by the fire resistance wall

of class 1

A.9 Buffer chamber:

Transitional space between two doors, used to protect against the intrusion of cold air,smoke, or other gases going into the building, into the room of the staircase, or goinginto another rooms of the buildings

A.10

A.10 Fire resistance buffer chamber: