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Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form 5.. Transmission Lines of Finite Length 8.. Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form 5.. Transmission Lin

Trang 1

Engineering Electromagnetics

Transmission Lines

Nguy ễ n Công Ph ươ ng

Trang 2

I Introduction

II Vector Analysis

III Coulomb’s Law & Electric Field Intensity

IV Electric Flux Density, Gauss’ Law & Divergence

V Energy & Potential

VI Current & Conductors

VII Dielectrics & Capacitance

VIII Poisson’s & Laplace’s Equations

IX The Steady Magnetic Field

X Magnetic Forces & Inductance

XI Time – Varying Fields & Maxwell’s Equations

XII Transmission Lines

XIII The Uniform Plane Wave

XIV Plane Wave Reflection & Dispersion

XV Guided Waves & Radiation

Trang 3

Transmission Lines

1 Introduction

2 The Transmission Line Equations

3 Lossless Propagation

4 Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form

5 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities

6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

7 Transmission Lines of Finite Length

8 Some Transmission Line Examples

9 Graphical Method

10 Transients Analysis

Trang 5

The Transmission Line Equations (1)

Trang 6

The Transmission Line Equations (2)

Trang 7

The Transmission Line Equations (3)

Trang 8

Transmission Lines

1 Introduction

2 The Transmission Line Equations

4 Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form

5 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities

6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

7 Transmission Lines of Finite Length

8 Some Transmission Line Examples

9 Graphical Method

10 Transients Analysis

Trang 14

5 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities

6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

7 Transmission Lines of Finite Length

8 Some Transmission Line Examples

9 Graphical Method

10 Transients Analysis

Trang 15

Transmission Line Equations

& Their Solutions in Phasor Form (1)

Trang 16

Transmission Line Equations

& Their Solutions in Phasor Form (2)

dI

dz

ω ω

Trang 17

Transmission Line Equations

& Their Solutions in Phasor Form (3)

Ex.

A lossless transmission line is 100 cm long & operates at a frequency of 600 MHz The line

parameters are L = 0.25 μH/m & C = 100 pF/m Find the characteristic impedance, the phase

constant, & the phase velocity?

Trang 18

Transmission Line Equations

& Their Solutions in Phasor Form (4)

1 1 8

Trang 19

Transmission Line Equations

& Their Solutions in Phasor Form (5)

1 1 8

Trang 20

Transmission Line Equations

& Their Solutions in Phasor Form (6)

0

1 Re 2

Trang 21

Transmission Lines

1 Introduction

2 The Transmission Line Equations

3 Lossless Propagation

4 Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form

5 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities

6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

7 Transmission Lines of Finite Length

8 Some Transmission Line Examples

9 Graphical Method

10 Transients Analysis

Trang 22

Wave Reflection at Discontinuities (1)

V V

V V

Trang 23

Wave Reflection at Discontinuities (2)

* 2

0 0 0 2

z j z

P P

→ = ΓΓ = Γ

Trang 24

Wave Reflection at Discontinuities (3)

Trang 25

Wave Reflection at Discontinuities (4)

sT

V z = V   e− β + Γ e β φ+   ( ) (2 1)

Trang 26

Wave Reflection at Discontinuities (5)

sT

V z = V   e− β + Γ e β φ+   ( ) 2

Trang 27

Wave Reflection at Discontinuities (6)

2 2

φ π β

− −

4 2

φ π β

− −

6 2

φ π β

− −

2

φ π β

− −

3 2

φ π β

− −

5 2

φ π β

Trang 28

Transmission Lines

1 Introduction

2 The Transmission Line Equations

3 Lossless Propagation

4 Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form

5 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities

6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

7 Transmission Lines of Finite Length

8 Some Transmission Line Examples

9 Graphical Method

10 Transients Analysis

Trang 29

Transmission Lines of Finite Length (1)

LZ

0

z =

L

Vin

j z j z sT

( )

sT w

0

cos( ) sin( ) ( )

cos( ) sin( )

L w

Trang 30

Transmission Lines of Finite Length (2)

in

Zin

0

cos( ) sin( ) ( )

cos( ) sin( )

L w

Trang 31

Transmission Lines of Finite Length (3)

0 0

0

cos( ) sin( ) cos( ) sin( )

L in

λ

=

( 0,1, 2, ) 2

0

z =

L

Vin

Trang 32

Transmission Lines of Finite Length (4)

03

in

Z Z

Trang 33

Transmission Lines

1 Introduction

2 The Transmission Line Equations

3 Lossless Propagation

4 Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form

5 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities

6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

7 Transmission Lines of Finite Length

9 Graphical Method

10 Transients Analysis

Trang 34

Some Transmission Line Examples (1)

Ex 1

0 0

300 300

0

300 300

L L

0.8 rad/m 2.5 10

V

60V 100MHz

V

60V100MHz

Trang 35

Some Transmission Line Examples (2)

Ex 2

0 0

V

60V 100MHz

300 Ω +

0 0

V

60V100MHz

Trang 36

Some Transmission Line Examples (3)

o

120 60 300

120 60 300 0.447 153.4

V

60V 100MHz

V

60V100MHz

Trang 37

Some Transmission Line Examples (4)

Ex 4

o 0

V

60V 100MHz

V

60V100MHz

Trang 38

Transmission Lines

1 Introduction

2 The Transmission Line Equations

3 Lossless Propagation

4 Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form

5 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities

6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

7 Transmission Lines of Finite Length

8 Some Transmission Line Examples

10 Transients Analysis

Trang 39

Graphical Method (1)

0

0

Z Z

Z Z

normalized (

Trang 40

Graphical Method (2)

22

2

} Re{

1

}

Re{

} {

Im }

= Γ +

L

L L

L

z

z z

z

} Re{

1

1 }

Trang 41

Graphical Method (3)

2 2

2

} Re{

1

} Re{

} {

Im }

Re{

1

} Re{

= Γ +

L

z

z z

z

} { Im

1 }

Im{

1 }

Im{

1 }

2 2

− Γ

Trang 42

Graphical Method (4)

2 2

2

} Re{

1

} Re{

} {

Im }

Re{

1

} Re{

L

z

z z

z

} Re{ zL

} Re{ Γ

Trang 43

Graphical Method (5)

} Im{ zL

s =

} { Im

1 }

Im{

1 }

Im{

1 } Re{

2

2 2

− Γ

1 ,

Equation of a circle, centered at & a radius of

} Im{ Γ

} Re{ Γ

Trang 44

Graphical Method (6)

1 Find the normalized load impedance

2 Find the circle corresponding to Re{z L }

3 Find the arc corresponding to Im{z L }

4 The intersection of the circle & the arc is Γ.

} Im{

}

Re{

0

L L

L

Z Z

Trang 45

4 Γ is the intersection of the

circle & the arc.

Γ = 0.52 + j0.64

Trang 47

Transmission Lines

1 Introduction

2 The Transmission Line Equations

3 Lossless Propagation

4 Transmission Line Equations & Their Solutions in Phasor Form

5 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities

6 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

7 Transmission Lines of Finite Length

8 Some Transmission Line Examples

9 Graphical Method

10 Transients Analysis

Trang 48

Transient Analysis (1)

0

V

LV

L

g g

Trang 49

g

V Z V

+ =

+

LR

Trang 50

5 4

L v

11 4

L v

13 4

L v

Trang 52

5 4

L v

11 4

L v

13 4

L v

Trang 53

Transient Analysis (6)

Ex 1

LR

R

Rg = Z0 = 50 Ω, RL = 25 Ω, V0 = 10 V The

switch is closed at time t = 0 Determine

the voltage at the load resistor and the

current in the battery as functions of time.

25 50

0.33

25 50

L L

50 50

0

50 50

g g

V

I

Z

+ + = = =

1 1

( 1.67)

0.033A 50

V I

Z

− = − = − − =

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