Outline Importance of Culture Global MindSet Establishing Trust Collectivism vs. Individualism Cultural Dimensions Importance of Manners – Etiquette Role of Emotion Familiarity of Culture Rules for CrossCultural Negot
Trang 1Taking Negotiation Talents Global
Trang 2 Importance of Culture
Global MindSet
Establishing Trust
Collectivism vs. Individualism
Cultural Dimensions
Importance of Manners – Etiquette
Role of Emotion
Familiarity of Culture
Rules for CrossCultural Negotiation
Trang 3Importance of Culture
Patterns of personality exist for groups
sharing a common culture
During socialization, individuals pickup
knowledge, ideas, values, beliefs, phobias, and anxieties of their society
Most cultural norms are absorbed
subconsciously
Crosscultural negotiations require extensive intelligence gathering and flexibility
Trang 4Global Mind-Set
Importance of Patience
• Crosscultural
agreements typically take
longer
• Time may not be linear –
but polychronic or
circular with no
beginning nor end
Identify types of
strategies or tactics
that may be utilized in
various cultures
Trang 5Establishing Trust
Negotiation Processes
Nontask
Sounding
(rapport)
Task-related Information Exchange
Persuasion, compromise
Concession & Agreement
Trang 6Collectivist vs Individualist
Collectivism – group solidarity, loyalty and interdependence among members (e.g. Asian & Latin American cultures)
Individualism – independence is valued along with attention to detail and
control (e.g. US, UK)
Trang 7Cultural Dimensions
Cultural dimensions may impinge on the decision processes of negotiators
• Masculinityfemininity
• Uncertainty avoidance
• Individualism
Trang 8Masculinity - Femininity
Masculine cultures value assertiveness, independence, task orientation and self
achievement
Feminine cultures value cooperation,
nurturing, relationships and quality of life
More masculine cultures (e.g. Japan, Latin America, Austria) may pursue a winlose negotiating approach
Trang 9Uncertainty Avoidance
Level of discomfort felt in the face of
risk and ambiguous, uncertain
situations
Cultures who are comfortable with risk require less information, have fewer
people involved in decision making and act more quickly (e.g. US)
Trang 10Power Distance
Acceptance of authority differences
among people
• High power distance cultures are status conscious and respectful of age and
seniority
Lower powerdistance orientations
greater tendency to make decisions in
a consultative style
Trang 11Individualistic Cultures
Value independence of thinking and
focus on task issues over relationship
• Goals of selfactualization and self
motivation are valued
Collectivist cultures value saving face, protecting their groups
Trang 12Importance of Manners - Etiquette
Engage in intelligence gathering to
uncover the required or expected
etiquette of your negotiation
counterpart as dictated by social
norms or culture
• Gift giving
• Learn phrases or words in their language
Trang 13Role of Emotion
Emotional states affect how we
interpret actions of others and how we process information
Nonverbal cues or responses may not
be interpreted similarly in all cultures
Trang 14Familiarity of Culture
Low cultural familiarity – employ an agent,
advisor or mediator
Moderate cultural familiarity – adapt to
another’s culture and arrange a blend of both
High cultural familiarity – negotiator can
unilaterally adopt the other side’s culture (do
as the Roman’s do)
• Transcend cultural boundaries
• Act more as individuals
• Create effect symphony
Trang 15Rules for Cross-Cultural Negotiation
Gather intelligence – learn
as much as possible
Prepare for differences
about time, punctuality, and
logical process
Relationships are important
Don’t seek compromise as
the answer to impasse
automatically
Hire a skilled interpreter and
practice with them
Establish credibility but do not boast
Be patient
Prepare, prepare, prepare
If misunderstandings occur, slow down. Seek to find
common ground and utilize framing
Utilize the various negotiation strategies to achieve winwin outcomes