Grammatically correct anne stilman 2nd edition

This is a useful guide for practice full problems of english, you can easy to learn and understand all of issues of related english full problems. The more you study, the more you like it for sure because if its values.

&255(&7

1'(',7,21

7+((66(17,$/*8,'( 7263(//,1*67</( 86$*(*5$00$5

$1'381&78$7,21 5(9,6(' 83'$7('

$QQH6WLOPDQ

RIWKLVERRNPD\EHUHSURGXFHGLQDQ\IRUPRUE\DQ\HOHFWURQLFRUPHFKDQLFDOPHDQVLQFOXGLQJLQIRUPDWLRQVWRUDJHDQGUHWULHYDO V\VWHPVZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQLQZULWLQJIURPWKHSXEOLVKHUH[FHSWE\DUHYLHZHUZKRPD\TXRWHEULHISDVVDJHVLQDUHYLHZ

)D[ (PDLOSRVWPDVWHU#GDYLGDQGFKDUOHVFRXN'LVWULEXWHGLQ$XVWUDOLDE\&DSULFRUQ/LQN 32%R[:LQGVRU16:$XVWUDOLD7HO 

7RWKHPHPRU\RIP\PRWKHU5XWK

6HWWLQJ2II'LDORJXHDQG4XRWDWLRQV ,QGLFDWLQJ2PLWWHG:RUGV

,QGLFDWLQJ8QFHUWDLQW\

6W\OH&RQYHQWLRQV

([FODPDWLRQ3RLQW

,QGLFDWLQJ,PSRUWDQFHRU(PRWLRQ

,QGLFDWLQJ,QWHUUXSWHG2U6FDWWHUHG6SHHFK 6W\OH&RQYHQWLRQV

6W\OH&RQYHQWLRQV

$SRVWURSKH

,QGLFDWLQJ2PLVVLRQV

,QGLFDWLQJ3RVVHVVLYHV

3DUW6758&785($1'6<17$;

$JUHHPHQW%HWZHHQ6XEMHFWDQG9HUE

7KH6XEMHFWWKH:KROH6XEMHFWDQG1RWKLQJ%XWWKH6XEMHFW )RUHVWRU7UHHV"

,1 7+( <($56 6,1&( , :527( WKH ILUVW HGLWLRQ RI WKLV ERRN WKH (QJOLVK ODQJXDJH KDV QRWFKDQJHGDJUHDWGHDOEXWPXFKHOVHKDV%DFNLQWKHPLGVWKH:RUOG:LGH:HEZDVMXVWSRLVLQJWRWDNHRIIDQGߡ*RRJOHߢZDVQRW\HWDYHUE,I\RXQHHGHGDQDQVZHUWRVRPHWKLQJ

\RXURSWLRQVZHUHWRKDXORXWWKHIDPLO\HQF\FORSHGLDߚZKLFKLI\RXZHUHOXFN\ZDVQRPRUHWKDQ D GHFDGH RXW RI GDWH ߚ RU KHDG WR WKH OLEUDU\ *RW D TXHVWLRQ WRGD\ RQ JUDPPDU RUDQ\WKLQJHOVH"7\SHLQDNH\ZRUGFOLFNRQߡ6HDUFKߢDQGFKRRVHIURPWKHRFHDQRIKLWVWKDWFRPHXS

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

DGPLWWHGO\DOUHDG\FURZGHGILHOGZDVWRWU\WRVWHHUDPLGGOHFRXUVHEHWZHHQWRROLWWOHDQGWRRPXFK SURYLGLQJ HQRXJK GHWDLO WR JLYH D VXIILFLHQW XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI DQ LGHD ZKLOH DYRLGLQJVFKRODUO\H[SODQDWLRQV7KDWDSSURDFKFRQWLQXHVWRKROGKHUH2EYLRXVO\QRVLQJOHERRNRQWKLV

ZLWKRXWSURYLGLQJDVHQVHRISURSRUWLRQDQGOHDYLQJUHDGHUVFRQIXVHGRUXQVDWLVILHG7KRVHDWWKH KLJK HQG KRZHYHU PD\ FRYHU WRSLFV ZLWK VXFK WKRURXJKQHVV DV WR EH RYHUZKHOPLQJ

$VSLULQJ ZULWHUV PD\ ZLVK WR NQRZ ZLWK FHUWDLQW\ ZKHQ WR VD\, DQG ZKHQPH  ZKHQ WR XVH

ZKLFKDQGZKHQWKDWZKHQWRDSSO\WKHVHPLFRORQDQGZKHQWKHFRORQ%XWPDQ\RIWKHPZLVK

WRNQRZDOOWKLVZLWKRXWKDYLQJLWH[SODLQHGWKURXJKLQWLPLGDWLQJWHUPLQRORJ\DQGDFDGHPLFUXOHV:LWKWKLVW\SHRIUHDGHULQPLQG,KDYHSXWWRJHWKHUDUHIHUHQFHWKDWVWHHUVFOHDURIMDUJRQDQGWKHRU\ IRFXVLQJ LQVWHDG RQ SUDFWLFDO VWUDWHJLHV DQG LQWXLWLYH H[SODQDWLRQV 6RPH VSHFLDOL]HGWHUPLQRORJ\ LV XQDYRLGDEOH EXW LQ QR FDVH LV D GLVFXVVLRQ SUHVHQWHG VROHO\ LQ WHUPV RIJUDPPDWLFDOFRQVWUXFWV([SODQDWLRQVDUHGHVLJQHGWRJHWWRWKHKHDUWRIDFRQFHSWDQGSURYLGH

DVXIILFLHQWVHQVHRIZKHQDQGKRZWRXVHLWDORQJZLWKH[DPSOHVWKDWVKRZZKDWDPELJXLWLHV

RU PLVLQWHUSUHWDWLRQV PLJKW UHVXOW LI WKH UXOHV DUH QRW IROORZHG ,Q FDVHV ZKHUH WKHUH LV PRUHWKDQRQHDFFHSWDEOHZD\WRGRVRPHWKLQJP\DSSURDFKLVQRWWRSUHVFULEHRQHRYHUDQRWKHUEXWVLPSO\WRGHVFULEHWKHRSWLRQV

SDVVDJHVIURPYHU\TXRWDEOHOLWHUDU\ZRUNVERWKFODVVLFDQGPRGHUQ$FDGHPLFH[SODQDWLRQVRIKRZWRXVHDFHUWDLQSXQFWXDWLRQPDUNRUVW\OLVWLFWHFKQLTXHDUHDOOYHU\ZHOOEXWDߡUHDOOLIHߢLOOXVWUDWLRQFDQEHDORWPRUHFRQYLQFLQJߚDQGHQJDJLQJ0\WKDQNVWRDOOWKRVHDXWKRUVERWKSDVWDQGSUHVHQWZKRVHZRUN,KDYHFLWHG7RIXUWKHULPSURYHWKHXVDELOLW\RIWKLVERRNVRPH

VHFWLRQV SURYLGH WHVW\RXUVHOI H[HUFLVHV WKDW UHDGHUV FDQ ZRUN WKURXJK EHIRUH FKHFNLQJ WKHDQVZHUVRUVXJJHVWHGUHYLVLRQV6XFKDKDQGVRQDSSURDFKLVRIWHQWKHPRVWHIIHFWLYHZD\RIJHWWLQJ NQRZOHGJH WR VWLFN DV LW JLYHV OHDUQHUV D FKDQFH WR UHFRJQL]H DQG FRUUHFW WKHLU RZQHUURUV

:KLOHWKHEDVLFVWUXFWXUHRIWKHERRNUHPDLQVWKHVDPHDVLQWKHILUVWHGLWLRQ,KDYHUHYLVLWHGWKH H[SODQDWLRQV DQG H[DPSOHV IUHVKHQLQJ XS WKRVH WKDW VHHPHG GDWHG DQG KDYH DGGHGVHYHUDOQHZWRSLFV7KHFRQWHQWKDVEHHQVOLJKWO\UHDUUDQJHGDQGLVRUJDQL]HGDVIROORZV3DUW

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ߡ*UDPPDUߢ EXW KDV

KHUH EHHQ UHQDPHG WR DYRLG WKH LPSOLFDWLRQ WKDW WKH RWKHU SDUWV LQ WKLV ERRN DUHQRW RQ

JUDPPDU7RSLFVVXFKDVWKHXVHRISXQFWXDWLRQPDUNVDQGWKHFRUUHFWIRUPDWLRQRIQHJDWLYHDQGSOXUDOZRUGVDUHFHUWDLQO\DVSHFWVRIJUDPPDUDVZHOO $QGILQDOO\3DUWPRYHVRQWRWKHPRUHQHEXORXVDUHDRIVW\OHLVVXHVUDQJLQJIURPVHQWHQFHOHQJWKDQGUHDGLQJOHYHOWRDYRLGLQJDELDVHGWRQH

)RU DOO WKH GLUHFWLYHV DQG FRQYHQWLRQV SUHVHQWHG KHUH D SHUVSHFWLYH WR NHHS LQ PLQG LV WKDWNQRZLQJWKHUXOHVRIWKHODQJXDJHGRHVQRWPHDQDSSO\LQJWKHPULJLGO\DQGXQWKLQNLQJO\)RURQHWKLQJWKHVHUXOHVDUHQRWFDUYHGLQVWRQHߚ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

7KH GLVFXVVLRQ KHUH LV GLYLGHG LQWR WKUHH PDLQ VHFWLRQV6SHOOLQJ ,VVXHV FRYHUV FRPPRQ

PLVVSHOOLQJVVSHOOLQJYDULDWLRQVFRPPRQO\FRQIXVHGKRPRQ\PVDQGK\SKHQDWLRQ9RFDEXODU\ 4XLUNVDQG&KDOOHQJHVUHYLHZVZRUGVWKDWDUHFRPPRQO\FRQIXVHGRUPLVXVHGRUWKDWWDNH

QRQVWDQGDUGSOXUDORUQHJDWLYHIRUPV7KHILQDOVHFWLRQ8VLQJ7\SH6W\OHIRU(IIHFWORRNVDW

VRPH DVSHFWV RI WKH SK\VLFDO SUHVHQWDWLRQ RI ZRUGV WKDW FDQ KDYH DQ LPSDFW RQ PHDQLQJ RUWRQHXSSHUFDVHYHUVXVORZHUFDVHOHWWHUVDQGWKHXVHVRILWDOLFDQGEROGW\SH

72 &$// (1*/,6+ 63(//,1* HFFHQWULF ZRXOG EH SXWWLQJ LW PLOGO\ 7KH *HUPDQLF

PDWWHU JLYHQ WKH VSHFWUXP RI DFFHQWV WRGD\ D VWURQJ DUJXPHQW DJDLQVW PRGHUQ DWWHPSWV WRPDNH WKH ZULWWHQ ODQJXDJH PRUH SKRQHWLF LV WKDW QR RQH VSHOOLQJ FRQYHQWLRQ FRXOG UHIOHFW WKHYDULHW\ RI (QJOLVK SURQXQFLDWLRQ WKDW H[LVWV DURXQG WKH ZRUOG :RXOG D -DPDLFDQ DQG DQ (DVW(QGHU EH OLNHO\ WR UHDFK FRQVHQVXV" $QRWKHU DUJXPHQW RI FRXUVH LV WKDW VSHOOLQJ LV RIWHQFRQQHFWHG WR WKH RULJLQV RI D ZRUG DQG WKHVH FOXHV WR PHDQLQJ ZRXOG EH ORVW LI WKH OHWWHUVVLJQLILHGQRWKLQJPRUHWKDQVHPDQWLFIUHHVRXQGV

)UHHVSLULWVDQGWH[WPHVVDJHUVDVLGHPRVWSHRSOHDJUHHWKDWVWDQGDUGL]HGVSHOOLQJLVDJRRGWKLQJ ZLWK WHDFKHUV DQG HPSOR\HUV EHLQJ SDUWLFXODUO\ ILUP RQ WKLV SRLQW )RUWXQDWHO\ IRU WKHEORRSHUVEHIRUHWKHZULWHUKLWVߡ3ULQWߢRUZRUVH ߡ6HQGߢ

7KH SUREOHP LV WKRXJK EORRSHUV ZLOO VRPHWLPHV VWLOO VOLS WKURXJK 5HO\LQJ RQ VSHOOFKHFNHUVH[FOXVLYHO\LVULVN\EHFDXVHWKH(QJOLVKODQJXDJHMXVWKDVWRRPDQ\WZLVWV0DQ\SURJUDPVODFN

WKHVRSKLVWLFDWLRQWRGHWHFWPLVXVHRIKRPRQ\PVZRXOG\RXUVDPHQG7KHLUPD\EHPRRUWKHQ

ZRQZHLJKWZRULWHVXPZRUGV" DQGLIXVHGXQWKLQNLQJO\FDQHYHQLQWURGXFHHUURUVZLWQHVV

ZLOOUHFRJQL]HRQO\RQHIRUPRIDZRUGWKDWFDQEHVSHOOHGWZRZD\VDQGZLOODQQR\LQJO\WU\WRߡFRUUHFWߢ DOUHDG\ YDOLG VSHOOLQJV$Q RYHUO\ OLEHUDO GLFWLRQDU\ PD\ DFFHSW VSHOOLQJ YDULDQWV WKDWPDQ\UHDGHUVZRXOGYLHZDVEDUEDULVPV$QGRIFRXUVHߚXQWKLQNDEOHDVLWPD\EHWRVRPHߚQRWDOOZULWLQJLVGRQHRQDZRUGSURFHVVRU

+HQFHWKHQHHGIRUEDVLFVSHOOLQJVNLOOVUHPDLQV7KLVFKDSWHUFRYHUVWKHWRSLFLQDEURDGVHQVHLQFOXGLQJ DVSHFWV VXFK DV DFFHSWDEOH YDULDWLRQV DQG DSSURSULDWH XVH RI K\SKHQDWLRQ 7KHUHDVRQDEO\FRPSHWHQWVSHOOHUWRVRPHFRPPRQSLWIDOOV1RRQHLVH[SHFWHGWRNQRZWKHVSHOOLQJ

)5(48(17/<0,63(//(':25'6

7(67<285.12:/('*(

7KHIROORZLQJOLVWSUHVHQWVHLJKW\ZRUGVWKDWPDQ\SHRSOHJHWZURQJ6HHKRZPDQ\\RXFDQFRUUHFW ZLWKRXW UHIHUULQJ WR D GLFWLRQDU\ ,I \RX FDXJKW WKH IUHTXHQWO\ PLVVSHOOHG ZRUG LQ WKH

DFFHVVDEOH GLVDVWHURXV LQQRFXODWH SHUPLVVDEOH

DTXLVLWLRQ HPEDUDVVPHQW NQRZ OHGJDEOH SHUVHYHUHQFH

KDHPRUUKDJHDQGPDQRHXYUH)RUPRUHRQWKLVVHH$PHULFDQ%ULWLVKGLIIHUHQFHV

VXFKH[HUFLVHFRXOGEHFRPSUHKHQVLYH,WVODUJHUDLPLVWRGHPRQVWUDWHMXVWKRZFDSULFLRXVDQGFRXQWHULQWXLWLYH(QJOLVKVSHOOLQJFDQEHDQGWKHUHE\GULYHKRPHWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIORRNLQJWKLQJVXSZKHQQHFHVVDU\UDWKHUWKDQWUXVWLQJ\RXUPHPRU\RUMXGJPHQW7KHZRUGVSUHVHQWHGKHUHDUH RXWULJKW GLIILFXOW WR VSHOO RU ߚ PRUH LQVLGLRXVO\ ߚ DUH VR IUHTXHQWO\ PLVVSHOOHG WKDW WKHZURQJYHUVLRQKDVEHFRPHDOPRVWFRQYHQWLRQDO7KHUHLVQRVKDPHLQKDYLQJWRORRNXSWULFN\

ZRUG 6RPH ZRUGV LQ IDFW PD\ JR HLWKHU ZD\ IRU H[DPSOHGHSHQGDQW RUGHSHQGHQW 

0LVDSSO\LQJGRXEOHFRQVRQDQWV

DFFRPPRGDWHFRPPLWPHQWHPEDUUDVVPHQWMDFNNQLIHGPLOOHQQLXPQHFHVVDU\WKUHVKROG

:RUGVZLWKGRXEOHFRQVRQDQWVDUHRIWHQWURXEOHVRPH(UURUVLQFOXGHGRXEOLQJWKHZURQJOHWWHUZURQJO\GRXEOLQJPRUHWKDQRQHDQGGRXEOLQJMXVWRQHOHWWHUZKHQWKHZRUGFRQWDLQVWZRVHWVRIGRXEOHV$QRWKHUFRPPRQPLVWDNHLVWRGURSDUHSHDWHGOHWWHULIWKHZRUGLVDFRPSRXQGLQZKLFK WKH ODVW OHWWHU RI WKH ILUVW SDUW DQG WKH ILUVW OHWWHU RI WKH VHFRQG SDUW KDSSHQ WR EH WKH

VDPH MDFNNQLIHG PLVVSHOOLQJ  &RQYHUVHO\ ZULWHUV VRPHWLPHV PLVWDNH D ZRUG IRU D

KROG 

DVWHULVN DX[LOLDU\ EDUELWXUDWH ERXQGDU\ GLSKWKHULD JRYHUQPHQW KLHUDUFKLFDO LQILQLWHVLPDO PLQLDWXUH PLVFKLHYRXV RSKWKDOPRORJLVW SDUDSKHUQDOLD SHMRUDWLYH SUHURJDWLYH WHPSHUDPHQWDO

,WPXVWEHDGPLWWHGWKDWVRPHRIWKHVHZRUGVLIQRWSUHFLVHO\WRQJXHWZLVWHUVGRQRWWULSRIIWKH WRQJXH (UURUV LQ VSHHFK FDQ UDQJH IURP PLQRU VOLSV LQ HQXQFLDWLRQ WR RXWULJKW JDIIHV:ULWHUVPD\WKHQVSHOOWKHVHZRUGVWKHZD\WKH\VD\WKHPQRWUHDOL]LQJWKDWERWKDUHZURQJ

WHQVHIRUPRIPRVWZRUGVHQGVLQHGH[FHSWLRQVVXFKDVODLG DUHRIWHQPLVVHG$QGߡLEHIRUH HH[FHSWDIWHUFߢXVXDOO\KROGVWUXHߚEXWQRWDOZD\V

&RQIXVLRQRYHUXQXVXDOOHWWHUVHTXHQFHV

FRQVFLHQFHIOXRUHVFHQWODQJXRUOLDLVRQPDQHXYHURUPDQRHXYUH