ENGLISH 12 THE FIRST SEMESTER SUPPLEMENT

In many modern countries, people think of a family as a mother, a father and their children.. In India and Africa, some people still live in joint families.. In India and Africa, people

đáo

• responsibility [ri,spɔnsə'biləti] (n) trách nhiệm

• to take/assume the responsibility to sob for sth: chịu trách nhiệm với ai về điều gì đó

• to run the household ['haushould] trông nom việc nhà

• obedient (to sb/sth) [ə'bidjənt] (adj) biết vâng lời, ngoan ngõan, dễ bảo

• hard working (adj) chăm chỉ

• supportive of

• frankly ['fræηkli] (adv) thẳng thắn, trung thực

Exercise 1:Choose A, B, C or D that best completes the following passage.

MY FIRST HOME

When my parents married, they rented a small house and they didn’t have a lot of money for furniture The kitchen had a (1) ……for washing up and a cooker, but that was all They (2) ……an old table and a chair from the market They borrowed a sofa which was (3) ……old, but they (4) …… it with modern materials so

it was bright and cheerful.

Outside, there was a small garden (5) …… the house, but in front of it there was only the road Luckily the road wasn’t busy, so I could cross it to (6) ………the park on the (7) …… side We lived there (8) …… I was ten and we were very happy We had to (9) …… house because it was too small when my twin sisters were born We all (10) …… sad when we left.

Exercise 2:

1 Although we ………… all day, we haven’t managed to find a suitable applicant.

A are interviewing B have interviewed C have been interviewing D interviewed

2 Can you tell me who is responsible checking passports?

3 My father hasn’t seen his older brother _ thirty years.

4 She is leaving her husband because she cannot put _ his bad temper any longer.

5 Our parents join hands to give us a nice house and a happy home.

A deal with B manage C help together D work together

Exercise 3 Complete the text with words from the box.

Two years ago I went to a language school in England and stayed with a host family At that time Iwas (1)……… at English and couldn’t understand them very well, but I could see they were morethan a little mad They got (2)……… with me when I arrived because I didn’t take my shoes off.They were really (3)……… of their house and (4)… of getting even a bit of dirt on their carpet But

my first big problem was in the bedroom I am (5)……… to cats and there, sitting on the bed, whichwas (6) ……… in cat hair, was the ugliest animal you have ever seen “He always sleeps here,” theysaid “You’ll soon get (7) ……… to him.” I explained that I wasn’t very (8)………….of animals butthey didn’t seem to be the least bit (9) ………… in what I said The next day, I went to theaccommodation office at school and said that it was (10) ……… to change family

Questions 1 - 5 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet

to indicate the correct answer to each of the blanks from 36 to 40.

In many modern countries, people think of a family as a mother, a father and their children But this

is not the only kind of the family group In some parts of the world, a family group has many othermembers This kind of large family is called an "extended family" or a "joint family"

The joint family includes all living relatives on either the mother's or the father's side of the family

It is made up of grandparents, parents, brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts and cousins They live together

in a large house or in huts built close together

Early people probably lived in joint families They had to be part of a large group in order tosurvive The members of the group help each other hunt They work together to protect themselvesfrom dangerous animals and other enemies

afraid (of ) allergic (to) angry (with)

covered (in / with) essential fond (of) hopeless (at)

In China, people lived in joint families When a son married, he and his wife lived at his parents'home Unmarried daughters remained at home until they married Chinese children felt very loyal totheir parents Younger members of the joint family always took care of the old ones.

In India and Africa, some people still live in joint families The members of a oint family share theirearnings and property If one member of the group becomes ill or has bad luck, the others help theperson As in the past, the nembers of the joint family offer each other help and protection

1 The word in paragraph 2 that means "to be made up of is

2 Long time ago, members of joint families

A did not live together B helped each other catch animals

C only played together D live separately in order to survive

3 Chinese people felt loyal to their

4 In India and Africa, people in joint families help person when

A he has good luck B he has bad luck C he gets rid of illness D he shares themhis earnings

5 On the whole, this story is about

Unit 2 CULTURAL DIVERSITY

A READING

• to confide in sb [kən'faid] tin tưởng, giao phó

• determination (n) sự xác định

• oblige (to do sth) [ə'blaid ʒ] (v) bắt buộc, cưỡng bách

• to believe in tin vào

• attractiveness (n)

• contractual [kən'træktjuəl] (adj) thỏa thuận

• surveyor (n) nhõn viờn điều tra

EXERCISE 1:

Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn đáp án đúng

Clothing habits are a matter (1) …….preference in the United States Most people are free to wear (2)……they feel comfortable Business people in large urban areas are (3)…….to wear suits or dresses While clothing in rural areas isless formal Most

Americans tend to dress casually when not in formal or business situation When eating , most Americans (4)……a fork in the hand with which they write Americans eat away from home often, and usually they (5)…….for their own meals when dining with friends When Americans greet one another, they often (6)…… a firm handshake They may greet strangers on the street by saying “Hello” or “Good morning” Friends often greet each other (7)…….”How are you?” and respond “ Fine, thanks” Americans do not really (8) …… any other answer to the question “ How are you?” because it is a way of saying hello Except in formal situations, people address each other by their given names once they are acquainted Although Americans are generally informal people, it would be (9)

…… to schedule an appointment before going to visit someone, especially in business (10)…… an appointment has been made , it is considered to be prompt.

10.A.while B during C when D on

Exercise 2:

Do you ever give excuses that are not really true? When and why? It seems that everybody tells lies - well, not big lies, but what we call "white lies" The only real questions are about when we lie and who we tell lies to A recent study found that in conversation people frequently stretch the truth Here are some ways they do it.

People often lie because they want to hide something from someone For example,

a son doesn't tell his parents that he is dating a girl because he doesn't think they will like her Instead, he says he is going out with the guys.

Sometimes people lie because they don't want to do something For example, someone invites you to a party You think it will be boring so you say that you are busy and can't come.

Often we stretch the truth to make someone feel good For example, your friend cooks dinner for you, but it tastes terrible Do you say so? No! You probably say "Hmm, this is delicious!".

Other times we don’t want to tell someone bad news For example, you have just had bad day at work, but you don't want to talk about it So, if someone asks about your day, you just say everything was fine.

Telling "white lies" isn't really bad Most of the time people do it because they want

to protect a friendship.

1 Why do people often tell lies?

A Because they like it.

B Because they feel amused

C Because they don’t like the person who asks them about their stories.

D Because they want to hide something.

2 Sometimes people lie by _.

3 A son doesn't want to tell his parents that he is dating a girl because he so he tells lies.

like her

4 Your friend cooks you a terrible dinner but you say you like it because _.

A you want him / her to cook for you more C you like telling lies

B you want to encourage him/ her D you want to protect your friendship.

5 Everyone sometimes tells lies because .

C it makes him/ her fell happier D it is a habit of human beings.

EXERCISE 3:

Đọc và chọn đáp án cho mỗi ô trống từ 1-5

Many people think that we can learn a lot about the culture of a foreign country simply by living in that culture.

… , this is not necessarily true Often the longer we stay in a foreign country, the more we realize how little

…… actually know about the culture of that country Books and talks about other people’s culture can even

…… dangerous because they concentrate on cultural differences and exaggerate national characteristics; sometimes a lot of the information … Contain is untrue.

In a survey recently carried out in Britain, people were asked to make a list of anything which they thought was typical of Britain and would interest foreign visitors there Most of … Mentioned Shakespeare, the Queen, village inns, English folk dancing, football hooligans, umbrellas, English castles, cricket, and fish and chips.

II/ TỪ VỰNG

Chọn một từ hoặc cụm từ thớch hợp nhất để điền vào chổ trống của mỗi cõu cho sau:

6 My father helps my mother with the housework He proves to be _, especially when my mother is sick.

A support B supporting C supportive D supported

7 You give a party in your new house to celebrate moving into it.

A housekeeping B house guest C housecoming D housewarming

8 Anna made a lot of mistakes because she was .

A inattentive B unattentive C imattentive D disattentive

9 It was so noisy that I couldn’t concentrate _ my lesson.

10 Nowadays, the divorce rate is higher than it used to be young people are allowed to decide on their marriage.

A despite B but C even though D in spite of

11 The farmers in my village often their work very early in the morning.

A beginning B is beginning C begins D begin

UNIT 3-WAYS OF SOCIALISING

A- READING

• to socialise (v) ['soʊ∫əlaɪz] xã hội hóa

• to attract sb’s attention (v) [ə'trækt] [ə'ten∫n] gây (thu hút) sự chú ý của ai

• informal (adj) [in'fɔml] = friendly thân mật

• informality (n) [ɪnfɔr'mælɪtɪ] sự thân mật

• communication [kə,mjuni'kei∫n] (n) sự giao tiếp

• to communicate [kə'mjunikeit] (v) giao tiếp

• to be excited (v) [ɪk'saɪtɪd] phấn khích

• obviously (adv)

• appropriate [ə'proupriət] (adj) thích hợp

• to catch one’s eye [kổʧ] đún mắt của a

• to be rude to[ sb] khiếm nhó, bất lịch sự với ai

Passage 1:

There are many ways of communication without using speech Signals, signs, symbols, andgestures may be found in every known culture The basic function of a signal is to impinge upon theenvironment in such a way that in attracts attention, as, for example, the dots and dashes of atelegraph circuit Coded to refer to speech, the potential for communication is very great While lessadaptable to the codification of words, signs contain greater meaning in and of themselves A stopsign or a bather pole conveys meaning quickly and conveniently Symbols are more difficult todescribe than either signals or signs because of their intricate relationship with the receiver’s culturalperceptions In some cultures, applauding in a theatre provides performers with an auditory symbol ofapproval Gestures waving and handshaking also communicate certain culture messages

1 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A Signs and signals and symbols B Gesture

2 According to this passage, a signal is _

A more difficult to describe than other forms of communication

B an interruption in the environment

C less able to be adapted to refer to speech

D a gesture

3 Applauding was cited as an example of

4 It may be concluded from this passage _

A signals, signs, symbols, and gestures are forms of communication.

B symbols are very easy to define and interpret

C only some cultures have signals, signs, and symbols

D waving and handshaking are not related to culture

PASSAGE 2:Chọn đáp án cho mỗi câu từ 1-5

A greeting is a way of being friendly to someone It’s a way of being polite It is also a way of starting

a conversation In many languages a question is used as a greeting “ Where are you going?” “ How’s everything with you?” But questions like these are not real questions They do not require a full answer or even a true one In English, the commonest greeting is a question about a person’s health: “ How are you ?” But we do not expect the person to talk about their health when they reply We do not expect them to talk about their headache or their backache if they have one People reply to these questions with a fixed expression such

as “ I’m fine, thanks” or “ I’m very well, thanks” In the same way, in countries where people greet each other with “ Where are you going?”, a simple reply such as “ Just walking around” is sufficient It is not necessary to describe where you are actually going.

In most languages, a greeting is usually followed by “ small talk” Greetings and small talks are an important part of conversation in any language The way people greet each other and the things they talk about, however, may be different from one language to another correct This shows that there is much more to

learn when we learn a language than just the vocabulary and the grammar of the language We also have to learn the social behaviour of the people who speak it.

1 A greeting is ………

a a way of being friendly to someone b a way of being polite

c a way of starting a conversation d all are correct

2 In many languages, ………

a a question is used as a greeting

b questions are used as greetings are real questions.

c questions used as greetings require a full answer

d “ Where are you?” or “ How’s everything with you?” isn’t considered as a greeting.

3 In English, …………

a the commonest greeting is the question “ How are you?”

b “ How are you ?” is a question that does not require the real answer

c “ I’m fine, thanks” or “ I’m very well, thanks” is the common reply to the questions

d All are correct

4 Which of the sentence is not correct?

a In most languages, a greeting is usually followed by small talk.

b Greetings and small talk are an important part of conversation in any language.

c Greeting and small talk in most languages are alike.

d There is much more to learn when we learn a language than just its vocabulary and the grammar.

5 The main idea of the passage is …….

c greetings- an important cultural feature d good greetings

UNIT 4-SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM

A READING

• compulsory [kəm'pʌlsəri] (a) = mandatory/obligatory bắt buộc

• certificate [sə'tifikit] (n) chứng chỉ, giấy chứng nhận

• general education ['dʒenrəl edʊ'keɪ∫n] giáo dục phổ thông

• secondary education ['sekəndrɪ edʊ'keɪ∫n] giáo dục trung học

• independent school [ɪndɪ'pendənt skul] trường tư

• academic year [,ækə'demik jiə] năm học

• to be divided [di'vaidid] into được chia thành

• to be separated ['sepəreitid] được tách ra

• education level (n) [edʊ'keɪ∫n 'levl] cấp học

• national curriculum ['næ∫ənl kə'rɪkjʊləm] chương trình giáo dục quốc gia

• to be made up được tạo nên bởi

• Design and Technology [dɪ'zaɪn] [tek'n ɑlədʒɪ] thiết kế và kỹ thuật

• Information Technology (n) [ɪnfər'meɪ∫n tek'n ɑlədʒɪ] công nghệ thông tin

• Physical Education (n) ['fɪzɪkl edʊ'keɪ∫n] môn giáo dục thể chất

• Modern Foreign Language môn ngôn ngữ hiện đại

• national examination kì thi quốc gia

• General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) kì thi TN THPT

• pre school (n) trước tuổi đi học

• childcare environment (n) [∫ə ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] nhà trẻ

he would like to work for an international company based in Japan

The reason why the university requires students to study a foreign language is that they feel that itmakes the students more educated Edward does not feel that this should be the main reason forstudying a foreign language He thinks that being able to communicate with people form differentcultures is far more important than just impressing people with your knowledge

After considering the possibilities of studying German or French so that he could travel inEurope with little difficulty, he finally makes up his mind to continue his study of Japanese He feelsthat being good at Japanese would make it much easier for him to be accepted if he decides to workand live in Japan for some time

1 One of the reasons for Edward to study a foreign language is that he .

A has just graduated from a high school C has just decided to enter a university

C wants to impress people with his knowledge D needs certain credits to graduate

2 Which of the following has nothing to do with his final decision to continue his study ofJapanese?

A The university requires students to study that language

B The university thinks that a foreign language makes the students more educated

C Edward studied Japanese by himself and used it when he traveled in Tokyo

D He hopes that some day he may work for a company in Japan

3 For Edward, to is the least important reason to learn a foreign language

A travel in a foreign country C work and live in another country

B show people that he is very learned D communicate with people from other cultures

4 Edward first considers the possibilities of studying German and French, but he choosesJapanese This shows that he

A is afraid of difficulties C does not like German and French

B is practical for his study and his future job D only likes day dreaming

5 The best title for this passage is " "

A Traveling in Europe C Working and Living in Japan

B How to Study Japanese D Choosing a Foreign Language

EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D ) to complete the passage

A Around the age of eighteen, you must make one of the biggest decisions of your life "Do I stay

on at school and hopefully go on to university (1) _? Do I leave and start work or beginning

a training (2) _?"

The decision is yours, but it may be (3) remembering two things: there is moreunemployment (4) people who haven't been to university, and people who have the right(5) will have a big advantage in the competition for jobs If you decide to go (6) into a job, there are many opportunities for training Getting qualifications will (7) you toget on more quickly in many careers, and evening classes allow you to learn (8) you earn

Starting work and taking a break to study when you are older is (9) possibility This way,you can save up money for your student days, as well as (10) practical work experience.

1 A after B later C then D past

Questions 1 - 5 Read the following passage and answer the questions at follow by circling the corresponding letter (A or B, C, D) of the correct îswers

Like schools in Britain and other English speaking countries, those in the U.S ive also alwaysstressed "character" or "social" skills" through extracurricular [ngoại khóa] activities, includingorganised sports Because most schools start at around 8 clock every morning and classes often donot finish until 3 or 4 o'clock in the afternoon, such activities mean that many students do not returnhome until the early evening There is usually a very broad range of extracurricular activities ailable.Most schools, for instance, publish their own student newspapers, and me have their own radiostations Almost all have student orchestras, bands, and choirs

Many different sports are also available and most schools share their facilities swimming pools,tennis courts, tracks, and stadiums - with the public Often the students themselves organize andsupport school activities and raise money rough car washes, baby-sitting, or by mowing lawns.Parents and local business ten also help a group that, for example, has a chance to go to a state musiccompetition, to compete in some sports championship, or take a camping trip, ich activities not onlygive pupils a chance to be together outside of normal isses, they also help develop a feeling of

"school spirit" among the students and the community

1 How many hours do the children stay at school a day?

2 Which activities do not mention in schools?

A writing for student newspapers B singing in a choir

3 Which sports facilities are not mentioned in the text?

A swimming pools B tennis courts C stadiums D playground

4 What do the students do to raise money?

A look after a baby B repair cars C sell lawn movers D sell newspapers

5 Which activities are not supported by parents and local business?

A performing at a state music competition B working in a TV station

C playing in a sport competition D having a camping trip

UNIT 5-HIGHER EDUCATION

• daunting ['dɔntiη] (adj)

• application form [æplɪ'keɪ∫n fɔrm] (n) tờ đơn

• impressive (adj) [ɪm'presɪv] có ấn tượng

• exciting [ik'saitiη] (adj) hứng thú, lý thú

• to explain [iks'plein] to sb for sth giải thích với ai về điều

gì

• explanation (n) [eksplə'neɪ∫n] sự giải thích

• to fight back tears gạt nước mắt

• all the time = always luôn luôn, lúc nào cũng

• degrees Celsius [di’griz ['selsiəs] (n) độ C

to graduate from ['grædʒuət] tốt nghiệp

graduation (n) [grædʒʊ'eɪ∫n]

• amazing [ə'meiziη] (adj) kinh ngạc, sửng sốt

• to be in a place đang ở một nơi

• to take part in = to participate in [p ɑr'tɪsɪpeɪt] tham gia vào

• the Advanced Engineering khoa công trình nâng cao

• chance [t∫ ɑns] (n) = opportunity [,ɔpə'tjuniti] (n) cơ hội

She decided that this would be a good (6) to achieve her ambition, so she was writing

to (7) for the job The reply (8) a long time to arrive, but eventually she received

a letter asking if she would go for an interview in London the following week She was so excitedthat she immediately (9) in touch with the school owner and agreed to attend the interview.She was determined that nothing would prevent her (10) doing what she had set out to do

4 A posters B notices C advertisements D announcements

EXERCISE 2

Here are some advice for trying to find the university that works for you.

1 You need to examine (1) _ and your reason for going to university before you start your reach Why are you going? What are your abilities and strengths? What are your weaknesses? What do you want out of life? Are you socially self-sufficient (2) _ do you need warm, familial (3) _ ? Talk with your family, friends and high-school counselors as you ask these questions The people (4) know you best can help you the most with these important issues.

2 Very few high-school students have enough information or (5) to choose a major You need to be well-(6) to determine your interest and aptitude Many students (7) _ their minds two or three times before they settle on a major.

3 If you do not have to go to university right (8) it is never too late There is no such thing as the perfect time to start university Some students benefit from a year off to work, study

or travel, and these experiences (9) them to be better, more engaged students Some students choose to apply to university and gain admission and then defer their entrance, while others wait to apply until after they have had (10) _ alternative experience.

5 A expenditure B experiences C experiment D expert

6 A prepare B prepared C preparation D preparative

UNIT 6- FUTURE JOBS

A READING:

• vacancy ['veikənsi] (n) một vị trí, chức vụ còn bỏ trống

• recommendation [,rekəmen'dei∫n] (n) sự tiến cử, lời giới thiệu

• be keen on sth/doing sth: say mê

• qualification [,kwɔlifi'kei∫n] (n) văn bằng, bằng cấp

• interviewee ['intəvju’i] (n) người được phỏng vấ

casual clothes ['kæʒjuəl klouđz] (n) quần áo bình thường

• self-confident [,self'kɔnfidənt] (adj) tự tin

• stressful [‘stresfl] (adj) gây ra căng thẳng

• particularly [pə,tikju'lærəli] (adv) đặc biệt là

• some pieces of advice: một vài lời khuyên

• to find out: tìm ra, tìm hiểu

• as much as possible: càng nhiều càng tốt

• school certificate (n) bằng cấp = academic certificate (n)

• previous ['priviəs] (adj) trước (thời gian, thứ tự), ưu tiên

• to employ [im'plɔi] (v) thuờ, mướn

• employer (n) [em'plɔɪər] boss [b ɑ:s]: chủ

• employee (n) [emplɔɪ'i:] worker

• employed (adj)

• employment [im'plɔimənt] (n)

• in addition to: thờm vào

• formally ['fɔmlli] (adv) chớnh thức, trang trọng

• to concentrate on ['kɔnsntreit] tập trung vào

• to make real effort: ['efərt] hết sức cố gắng

• technical ['teknikl] (adj) chuyờn mụn

• enthusiasm [in'θjuziổzm] (n) sự hăng hỏi, sự nhiệt tỡnh

• sense of responsibililty: [rɪsp ɑ:nsɪ'bɪlətɪ] ý thức trỏch nhiệm

• disappointed [,disə'pɔintid] (adj) thất vọng

• disappointment (n) [dɪsə'pɔɪntmənt]

• to advertise ['ổdvətaiz] (v) quảng cỏo

• advertisement [əd'vətismənt, ,ổdvə'taizmənt] (n) sự quảng cỏo

• account [ə'kaunt] (n) bản kờ khai, bản bỏo cỏo

• to note down: ghi chộp

• shortcomings ['∫ɔt,kʌmiη] (n) khuyết điểm nhược điểm

EXERCISE 1:Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn đáp án đúng

Working a part-time job while studying at a university has many advantages If students can get a job in their area of study, they are gaining valuable experience and putting their knowledge to use immediately The extra money they can earn will be useful for their study Also they will have the personal satisfaction of having contributed to their own education Moreover, they certainly feel proud of themselves that they do not quite depend on their parents Students who need extra money can hold down a full-time temporary job during their summer holiday

1 Students who need extra money _ while studying at a university.

A should not get a part-time job B cannot get a part-time job

2 What are the advantages if students can get a job in their area of study ?

A students can get valuable experience B students can put their knowledge to use immediately

C students can earn extra money D all are correct

3 How do students feel if they can get a job while studying at a university ?

A unsatisfactory B self-satisfied and independent C proud of becoming rich D selfish

4 Students can use the money they earn to _.

A buy things that are unnecessary B enjoy themselves

C contribute to their own education D take a leisure trip

5 When can students apply a full-time temporary job ?

A during their summer holiday B on Christmas Day C in their free time D on school day

EXERCISE 2 :Questions 1 - 5 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 31 to 35.

It was a Monday morning in the office and, as usual, everyone was busy sorting [phân loại] throughtheir mail before starting work The other staff had (31) that Nicky, one of the computeroperators, had been looking rather miserable recently and they wondered what might have happened

to make her so (32) Suddenly Nicky accidentally (33) over a cup of coffee

As she was clearing up the mess, the girl sitting next to her happened to glance at Nicky's righthand There was a large swelling [chỗ sưng] at the wrist [cổ tay] 'What on earth have you (34) toyourself? Does it hurt?' asked the girl 'Yes, it does I think I've injured it using the computer,' repliedNicky 'I think you'd better go and let the doctor (39) it,' said the girl 'Let's hope there's nopermanent [vĩnh viễn] damage to your hand

UNIT 7-ECONOMIC REFORMS

• state intervention (n) sự can thiệp của nhà nước

• to lead a life: sống một cuộc sống

• constantly ['kɔnstəntli] (adv) thường xuyên, liên tục

• to carry out: tiến hành

• to be aware of: có ý thức về

• National Congress: ['næ∫ənl 'k ɑ:ŋgres] Đại Hội tòan quốc

• renovation [,renə'vei∫n] (n) sự đổi mới

• to restructure [,ri'strʌkt∫ə] (v) cơ cấu lại, sắp xếp lại

• productivity (n) [pr ɑ:dʌk'tɪvətɪ] năng suất

• consumer goods [kən'sjumə gudz] (n) hàng tiêu dùng

• trade relation: [treɪd rɪ'leɪ∫n] mối quan hệ thương mại

• administrative [əd'ministrətiv] (adj) hành chính

• Land Law (n) Luật đất đai

• to lay – laid – laid: đặt

• to undergo (v) trải qua

• land use rights: quyền sử dụng đất

• ethnic minority: người dân tộc thiểu số

Passage 1:

AN IMPORTANT FUEL One of the most important discoveries of the nineteenth century was ‘a method of using naturalgas for cooking and heating Large amounts of natural gas are found in the United States, usuallyseveral thousand feet’ below the surface of the earth Natural gas in most often found in places wherepetroleum, the oil from which gasoline is made, is found Often the natural gas must be removedbefore oil itself can be reached

For many years after natural gas was first discovered It was thought to have no value Finally,however, people began to understand its uses and to find ways of storing it and of moving it fromplace to place

Today natural gas is stored in large tanks and used for lighting, cooking and heating In manyways natural gas is one of our finest fuels It can be used for cooking without making the room hot It

is cheap and can be moved easily from one place to another through long pipelines, some of whichare hundreds of miles in length

1 While not stated in the article, you can tell that _

A natural gas is useless B people once wasted natural gas

C natural gas is moved in trucks D natural gas is found where there is no petroleum

2 This article as a whole is about

A discovering natural gas B finding petroleum

3 Which of the following is NOT true?

A Natural gas is not used for heat B Natural gas is cheap

C Natural gas moves through pipes D Natural gas can be stored

4 The easiest way to move natural gas from one place to another is

A by truck B by underground passages C through long pipelines D by car

5 How many uses of natural gas are mentioned?

PASSAGE 2:Chọn từ thích hợp ( ứng với A, B, C,hoặc D ) để điền vào chổ trống trong đoạn văn sau

Society has changed in many ways (1)………… the introduction of computers, and people’s lives at home and at the office have been affected Most people are working for fewer hours per week than they(2)

………… to, and manufacturers and advertising agencies are becoming much more interested in how people spend this extra leisure time One recent report stated that,(3) ………… the number of hobies had not increased, each hobby had become more specialised.

A second finding is that nowadays, many managers would rather(4) ……… time with there families than stay late in the office everyday Home life is seen to be just as important as working Some companies now(5) ……… managers take their annual holidays even if they don’t want to, because this leads to such an improvement in their performance if they have some rest.

5 cause B force C make D have

UNIT 8- LIFE IN THE FUTURE

A READING:

• wipe sth out (v) xóa bỏ, hủy bỏ

• space shuttle (n) [speɪs '∫ʌtl] tàu con thoi

• economic depression: [i:kə'n ɑ:mɪk dɪ'pre∫n] suy thóai về kinh tế

• medical system: ['medɪkl 'sɪstəm] hệ thống y tế

• domestic chores [də'mestik t∫ɔ] (n) công việc vặt trong nhà

• for better or worse: bất chấp hậu quả ra sao

micro technology (n) công nghệ vi mô

• telecommunications [,telikə,mjuni'kei∫nz] (n) viễn thông

• to be bound to do sth: [baʊnd] chắc chắn (làm cái gì)

• to have a huge influence on: ['ɪnflʊəns] có ảnh hưởng lớn đến

• to go electronic [,ilek'trɔnik] (v) được điện khí hóa

• to run on: tiếp tục chạy

• to be fitted with: được lắp đặt

• to better one’s own life: cải thiện cuộc sống của chính mình

• to bring about: xảy ra

• dramatically (adv) [drə'mætɪklɪ]

Passage 1:

RING AROUND THE MOON

Have you ever noticed a coloured ring around the moon? According to an old superstition, thisring always means that rain will follow Another superstition holds that the number of stars within thering indicates the number of days it will rain

Actually, the coloured ring means hat clouds containing moisture in the form of tiny ice crystalshave formed several miles up As rays of light from the moon pass through these ice crystals, the raysare bent Such bent light rays produce the coloured ring

However, such a ring can be seen only when enough moisture has formed in the air When otherweather conditions also exist, these may combine with the moisture to cause rain The belief, then, ispartly correct The facts show that a ring around the moon means rain is probable The number ofstars within the ring, however, has nothing to do with how long the rain will last

1 While not stated in the article, you can tell that

A a superstition may have some truth B superstition is silly

C a ring around the moon means that rain will follow D superstition causes rain

2 This article as a whole is about _

C the meaning of the moon’s ring D a sure way to know when it will rain

3 Which of the following is NOT true?

A The moon’s ring may mean rain

B Light rays come from the moon

C Bent light rays make rain

D The moon’s ring can be seen only when the air contains moisture

4 According to the writer, the number of stars within the ring

A indicates how many days the rain will last B doesn’t mean how long the rain willlast

C depends on how much moisture there is in the air D equals the number of ice crystals

5 A coloured ring is produced

A when enough ice crystals have formed in the air

B after a heavy rain

C enough moisture exists in the air

D when rays of moonlight passing through ice crystal are bent

PART TWO- SPEAKING & LISTENING

Ex The film is very interesting

Ex I’m interested in the film

• upbringing ['ʌpbriηiη] (n) sự giáo dục, sự dạy dỗ (trẻ con)

• harmonious [h ɑ'mɔniəs] (adj) không có sự bất đồng hoặc ác cảm

C LISTENING

• to reserve sth (for sb/sth) [ri'zəv] (v) = to book (v) đặt trước

dài

• spread out cover a large area t rải dài, tản ra

• to sound + adj nghe có vẻ

I/PRONUNCIATION :

Cách phát âm –s và –es của danh từ số nhiều và động từ ngôi thứ 3 số ít.

Khi sử dụng danh từ số nhiều, ta thường thêm ‘s’ hoặc ‘es’ vào cuối danh từ đó.

Có 3 cách đọc: 

- Đọc là /s/ sau các danh từ tận cùng là ‘f, k, p, t, th, gh, ph’ : books, roof, boots, laughs, photograph

… hay nói cách khác là các âm : /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/, /θ/

- Đọc là /iz/ sau các từ có hơi gió như ‘s, x, z, ch, sh (+ es), ce, ge (+ s) : dresses, boxes,

toothbrushes, watches, sentences, judges…

- Đọc là /z/ đối với các trường hợp còn lại : ways, pens, pencils, potatoes, tomatoes …

Note:

- s duoc doc la /z/ _busy, please, easy, present, desire, music, pleasant, desert, choose, reason,

preserve, …

- s duoc doc la /s /: sugar,sure

Exercise 1 Which of the words contain the sound /s/,/z/ or /iz/.

2 Hello, may I speak to Mr Black, please? ………

A I think so B Hold on, please C Goodbye D I’d like to

3 “I’m terribly step on your foot” “…….”

A Don’t say that B Never mind C You’re welcome D That’s right

4 “I’d like to take two weeks’ holiday” “……… We have too much work to do.”

A Don’t worry B Pardon me C Forget it D Don’t mention it

5 “Look! This sweater is beautiful.” “ ……….?”

A Why not trying it on B Why not try on it

C Why not try it on D Why not trying on it

6 “Shall we have a drink when you finish your talk?” “………… ”

A No, you can’t B All right C You’re welcome D You needn’t do that

7 “Bob, it’s getting cold. _ take a jacket with you?” “All right, daddy”

A Why not B What about C would you like D You’d better

8 “May I borrow your ruler” “certainly.,………….”

A Hold on, please B It doesn’t matter

9 “Congratulations to you on passing the math exam.” “……… ”

10.“Could you get to the park before 3 o’clock?” “……… I’m still at the meeting then”

UNIT 2- CULTURAL DIVERSITY

B SPEAKING

• roof (n) [ruf] mái nhà

• nursing house (n) ['nɜrsɪŋ haʊs] viện dưỡng lão

to lead an independent life (v) sống cuộc sống tự lập

C LISTENING

• wedding day ngày cưới

• to be charge of sb/sth đảm trách

• Master of ceremonies (MC) chủ lễ, người dẫn chương trình

• to ask their ancestors’ permission xin phép ông bà

• to be/get married to sb lấy ai

• the newly wedded couples những cặp vợ chồng mới cưới

-That's right You're right!

-Of course Certainly

-Yes I think so

That's a good idea

-Sure / ok / It's ok by me

That's correct

-I'm all in favour of that

I'm 100% in agreement with you.-Agreed! / All right!

-I don't think so

-Ridiculous! / It's ridiculous!

-I can't accept that.

-I don't see it that way

-I don't see eye to eye with you on that.-No way! Nothing doing!

-I'm strongly against this decision / interpretation

Asking for an opinion

-What do you think about / of (it / that story/ )

-What's your opinion of (what they've done.)-Are you in favour of (that idea / Bridget / )-What is your personal / own view?

I'd like to know your opinion about / of

-Could I know what you think of (that lesson / those people)

-Do you have any comment about / of ?

-Are you convinced it's true / it's important

-We'd be happy to have your opinion

I/PRONUNCIATION : Cách phát âm –ed

• Nếu động từ có quy tắc tận cùng là ‘d’ và ‘t’ thì khi thêm ‘-ed’ ta đọc là /id/

decided, needed, posted, started …

• Nếu động từ tận cùng bằng : f, k, p, s, x, ce, ch, gh, ph, sh khi thêm ‘-ed’ ta đọc

là /t/ : worked, stopped, kissed, washed, laughed …(các âm: /f/, /k/, /p/, /s/, /∫/, /t∫/)

• Đọc là /d/ đối với các trường hợp còn lại : planned, loved, arrived …

Except: beloved (n) /bil٨vid/, crooked /’krukid/, naked /’neikid/, wretched /’ret∫id/ (adj)

Exercise 1 Read and put the words with underlined letters in the right column.

11 wrapped asked improved

II/CONVERSATION

1 “What can I do for you, Madam?” “ ……… ”

2 When you go to your friends at night, you greet “………!”

3 “My mother is ill in hospital.” “…… ”

4 “Shall we go boating tomorrow?”

“ ………… The weather report says a storm is coming”.

A I’m afraid we can’t B Sure

5 “Excuse me, which is the way to the post office?” “Sorry, I’m new here.” “……….”

6 “What is Johnson’s family like?” “……….”

A His family is just like me B They all like sports and games

C Oh, it’s really a big one D They are all warm-hearted and helpful

7 “Can I speak to Mr Johnson, please?” “………”

8 “How much meat do you want?” “……… ”

A Sorry, there isn’t any B I can’t give you any

C half a kilo please D Twelve Yuan, a kilo

9 “Do you mind me smoking here?” “ ………look at the sign It says, ‘no smoking’”

10 “Would you like some more chicken?” “……….I’m full.”

UNIT 3- WAYS OF SOCIALISING

B SPEAKING

• terrfic (adj) [tə'rifik] excellent, wonderful tuyệt vời

• compliment ['kɔmplimənt] (n) lời khen ngợi

• public speaking ['pʌblɪk] nghệ thuật diễn thuyết, tài ăn nói

C LISTENING

• marvelous ['mɑvələs] = wonderful, fantastic (adj) tuyệt vời

the shank of the evening lúc sẩm tối

• startling ['st ɑrtlɪŋ] (adj) rất ngạc nhiên, làm sửng sốt

• social worker (n) ['soʊ∫l 'wɜrkə] người làm công tác xã hội

• some pieces of advice [pis] [əd'vaɪs] một vài lời khuyên