Unit 4. Volunteer work

Pronunciation /w/- /j/ Practise reading aloud these sentences 1.. Pronunciation /w/- /j/ Practise reading aloud these sentences 1.?. -Used after perception verbs: see, hear, watch, sme

- I prefer the white hat - I prefer the yellow hat.

I Pronunciation

/w/- /j/

I PRONUNCIATION

I Pronunciation

/w/- /j/

Practise reading aloud these sentences

1 We went for a walk in the woods near the railway

2 We wore warm clothes and walked quickly

to keep warm.

3 At about twelve, we had veal sandwiches and sweet white wine, and we watched TV.

4 Excuse me Did you use to live in York?

5 Did you use to be a tutor at the University?

6 I read about Hugh in the newspaper yesterday.

I Pronunciation

/w/- /j/

Practise reading aloud these sentences

1 W e w ent for a w alk in the w oods near the rail w ay

2 W e w ore w arm clothes and w alked quickly

to keep w arm.

3 At about twelve, w e had veal sand w iches and s w eet w hite w ine, and w e w atched TV.

4 Excuse me Did y ou u se to live in Y ork?

5 Did y ou u se to be a tutor at the U niversity?

6 I read about Hugh in the newspaper

y esterday.

2 What is her hobby?

- Singing is her hobby.

3 What does she enjoy ?

- She enjoys singing.

(Present participle)

(Gerund)

(Gerund)

in the sentence

3 Danh động từ có thể làm bổ ngữ cho giới từ, các ngữ động từ: be interested

in, be fond of, thank for, look after, can’t stand, can’t help, ….

2 I saw her singing.

4.The man who is talking to my dad is a good doctor -> The man talking to my dad is a good doctor.

-Used in the continuous tenses

-Used after perception verbs: see, hear, watch, smell…

3 She finished her homework She sang a song -> Finishing her homework, she sang a song.

- Used in reducing 2 sentences having the same subject

5 The film is very interesting.

- Used in reducing relative clauses

-Used as an Adj with active meaning

2 Used as an object after the verbs: like, hate, dislike, enjoy, mind, remember, start

3 Used as a complement after prepositions or phrasal verbs: be afraid of, be interested

in, be fond of, thank for, look forward to, …

1 Used in continuous tenses:

2 Used after the verbs:

hear, see, find, catch, smell, watch,

- spend/ waste + time / money + V- ing

3 Used in reducing clauses having the same subject and reducing relative clauses.

4 Used as an Adj with active meaning.

* COMPARISON:

1.He wasted a whole afternoon trying to repair the car.

2 Collecting stamps is her hobby.

3 I don’t mind giving you a lift.

4 We are studying English at the moment.

5 In spite of missing the train , we arrived on time.

6 They found some money lying on the street.

B A

A

B A

B

with an appropriate gerund of the verbs.

Ex He found that _ was difficulty in that city parking

spend behave wait park start bend meet listen

1 I have no objection to _ to your story again listening

2 Touch your toes without _ your knees! bending 3.You should be ashamed of yourself for so badly behaving

4 I am looking forward to _ you meeting

5 You can’t prevent him from his own money spending

6 Would you mind _ for a moment? waiting

7 In spite of _ late, we arrived in time starting

an appropriate present participle of the verbs.

lie modernize shop pass prepare rise try

Example:

I saw him _ my house passing

1 She smelt something _and saw smoke .

2 If she catches you her diary, she’ll be furious.

3 They found a tree _ across the road.

4 I’m going _this afternoon.

5 He doesn’t spend much time his lesson.

6 They wasted a whole afternoon _ to repair the bike.

7 They spent a lot of money the house.

burn

burning rising

read

reading shopping

lying

preparing trying

modernizing

-Used : in continuous tenses

: after the verbs:

hear, see, find, catch, smell, watch,spend, waste…

: in reducing clauses

… and relative clauses.

:as an Adj with active meaning.

* CONSOLIDATION:

3 Do again exercise 1,2 in your textbooks.

4 Prepare the next lesson (Unit 4- Language

focus 2).

1 She is fond of reading books.

2 I heard the girl singing in the living room.

3 Playing sports is good for your health.

4 The boy is waiting outside.

5 The book is rather boring.

6 Alice enjoys travelling around the world.

(Gerund)

(Pre p)

(Gerund)

(Gerund) (Pre P)

(Pre p)

Decide whether the underlined words are gerund( G) or present participle( Pre.P)

/w/ /w/ /j/ /j/

/j/ is the voiced consonant sound.

To make this sound, begin with the sound /iː/ and move your tongue quickly to make the

next sound Don't touch the roof of your mouth with your tongue. 

It's pronounced /j/ /j/

/w/ is the voiced consonant sound.

To make this sound, practise the /uː/ sound first then quickly relax your lips and use the voice. 

It's pronounced /w/ /w/