California math triumphs functions and equations, volume 5b

3AF2.1 Solve simple problems involving a functional relationship between two quantities e.g., fi nd the total cost of multiple items given the cost per unit.. 10 Chapter 3 Proportional R

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Authors Basich Whitney • Brown • Dawson • Gonsalves • Silbey • Vielhaber

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California Math Triumphs

iii

Volume 1 Place Value and Basic Number Skills

Volume 2 Fractions and Decimals

Volume 3 Ratios, Rates, and Percents

Volume 4 The Core Processes of Mathematics

Volume 5 Functions and Equations

Graphs and Functions

Volume 6 Measurement

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Authors and Consultants

iv

AUTHORS

Frances Basich Whitney

Project Director, Mathematics K–12

Santa Cruz County Offi ce of Education

Capitola, California

Kathleen M Brown

Math Curriculum Staff Developer Washington Middle School Long Beach, California

Dixie Dawson

Math Curriculum Leader Long Beach Unifi ed Long Beach, California

CONSULTANTS

Assessment

Donna M Kopenski, Ed.D.

Math Coordinator K–5

City Heights Educational Collaborative

San Diego, California

Instructional Planning and Support

Beatrice Luchin

Mathematics Consultant League City, Texas

ELL Support and Vocabulary

ReLeah Cossett Lent

Author/Educational Consultant Alford, Florida

Dinah-Might Activities, Inc.

San Antonio, Texas

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California Advisory Board

v

Carol Cronk

Mathematics Program Specialist

San Bernardino City Unifi ed

School District

San Bernardino, California

Audrey M Day

Classroom Teacher Rosa Parks Elementary School San Diego, California

Jill Fetters

Math Teacher Tevis Jr High School Bakersfi eld, California

Grant A Fraser, Ph.D.

Professor of Mathematics California State University, Los Angeles

Los Angeles, California

Eric Kimmel

Mathematics Department Chair

Frontier High School

Bakersfi eld, California

Donna M Kopenski, Ed.D.

Math Coordinator K–5 City Heights Educational Collaborative San Diego, California

Michael A Pease

Instructional Math Coach Aspire Public Schools Oakland, California

Chuck Podhorsky, Ph.D.

Math Director City Heights Educational Collaborative San Diego, California

Arthur K Wayman, Ph.D.

Professor Emeritus

California State University, Long

Beach

Long Beach, California

Frances Basich Whitney

Project Director, Mathematics K–12 Santa Cruz County Offi ce of Education

Capitola, CA

Mario Borrayo

Teacher Rosa Parks Elementary San Diego, California

Melissa Bray

K–8 Math Resource Teacher Modesto City Schools Modesto, California

CALIFORNIA ADVISORY BOARD

Glencoe wishes to thank the following professionals for their invaluable

feedback during the development of the program They reviewed

the table of contents, the prototype of the Student Study Guide, the

prototype of the Teacher Wraparound Edition, and the professional

Bonnie Awes

Teacher, 6th Grade Math Monroe Clark Middle School San Diego, California

Kathleen M Brown

Math Curriculum Staff Developer Washington Middle School Long Beach, California

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California Reviewers

vi

CALIFORNIA REVIEWERS

Each California Reviewer reviewed at least two chapters of the Student

Study Guides, providing feedback and suggestions for improving the

effectiveness of the mathematics instruction

Bobbi Anne Barnowsky

Monica S Patterson

Educator Aspire Public Schools Modesto, California

Rechelle Pearlman

4th Grade Teacher Wanda Hirsch Elementary School Tracy, California

Armida Picon

5th Grade Teacher Mineral King School Visalia, California

Anthony J Solina

Lead Educator Aspire Public Schools Stockton, California

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Volume 5A Functions and Equations

1SDAP1.1 Sort objects and data

by common attributes and describe the categories.

1SDAP2.1 Describe, extend, and explain ways to get to a next element in simple repeating patterns (e.g., rhythmic, numeric, color, and shape).

2SDAP2.1 Recognize, describe, and extend patterns and determine a next term

in linear patterns (e.g., 4, 8, 12 , the number of ears on one horse, two horses, four horses).

3AF2.1 Solve simple problems involving a functional relationship between two quantities (e.g., fi nd the total cost of multiple items given the cost per unit) 3AF2.2 Extend and recognize a linear pattern by its rules (e.g., the number of legs on a given number of horses may

be calculated by counting by 4s or by multiplying the number of horses by 4) 4AF1.5 Understand that an

Dana Meadows near Yosemite National Park

Standards Addressed

in This Chapter

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2-1 Bar Graphs and Picture Graphs .44

1SDAP1.2, 2SDAP1.1, 2SDAP1.2

2SDAP1.1 Record numerical data in systematic ways, keeping track of what has been counted.

2SDAP1.2 Represent the same data set in more than one way (e.g., bar graphs and charts with tallies).

3SDAP1.3 Summarize and display the results of probability experiments in a clear and organized way (e.g., use a bar graph or a line plot).

4MG2.0 Students use dimensional coordinate grids to represent points and graph lines and simple fi gures.

two-4MG2.1 Draw the points corresponding to linear relationships on graph paper (e.g., draw 10 points on the

graph of the equation y = 3x and connect

them by using a straight line).

5SDAP1.4 Identify ordered pairs of data from a graph and interpret the meaning of the data in terms of the situation depicted by the graph.

5SDAP1.5 Know how to write

ordered pairs correctly; for example, (x, y).

Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco

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ix

Wind turbines, Altamont

Chapters 1 and 2 are contained in Volume 5A Chapters 3 and 4 are contained in Volume 5B.

be calculated by counting by 4s or by multiplying the number of horses by 4) 6NS1.3 Use proportions to solve problems (e.g., determine the value of N

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7AF3.0 Students graph and interpret linear and some nonlinear functions.

7AF3.1 Graph functions of the y = nx2

and y = nx3 and use in solving problems.

7AF3.3 Graph linear functions, noting that the vertical change (change

in y-value) per unit of horizontal change (change in x-value) is always the same

and know that the ratio (“rise over run”) is called the slope of a graph.

7AF3.4 Plot the values of quantities whose ratios are always the same (e.g., cost to the number of an item, feet to inches, circumference to diameter of a circle) Fit a line to the plot and understand that the slope of the line equals the ratio of the quantities.

Redwood National Park

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Let’s Get Started

Use the Scavenger Hunt below to learn where things are

located in each chapter

The Relationship Between Graphs and Functions

function table? a table of ordered pairs that is based on a rule

ratio, proportion, cross multiply

7AF3.3, 7AF3.4

similar to test items.

pages 67–71

found on page 33 The URL is ca.mathtriumphs.com

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2 Chapter 3 Proportional Relationships

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3

STEP 2 Preview Get ready for Chapter 3 Review these skills and compare

them with what you’ll learn in this chapter

You know how to add and follow patterns

Example: Your backpack can hold 4 textbooks

If your friend has a backpack just like yours, how many textbooks could you both carry in your backpacks?

8

"EEUFYUCPPLTGPSFBDI

BEEJUJPOBMCBDLQBDL

Lesson 3-1

Patterns follow rules

The rule is “each backpack can hold 4 textbooks.”

STEP 1 Quiz Are you ready for Chapter 3? Take the Online Readiness

Quiz at ca.mathtriumphs.com to find out

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rule

tells how the numbers, figures, or symbols in a pattern are related to each other

KEY Concept

Linear Patterns

Patterns follow a rule A rule describes the relationship that

one element of a sequence has with the next element of the

sequence A rule can also describe the relationship an element

has with its position in the sequence

Another way to describe the pattern is the number of ducks

multiplied by 2 is the number of feet

When the value of the second variable is determined by the value of

the first, the relationship is a functional relationship

3AF2.1 Solve simple problems involving a functional relationship between two quantities.

3AF2.2 Extend and recognize a linear pattern by its rules.

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Lesson 3-1 Linear Patterns 5

Example 1

Margo rides her bike at 6 miles per hour

How many miles can she travel in 4 hours?

1 Make a table

2 For every 1 hour traveled, Margo rides

6 miles So the number of miles traveled

increases by 6 for each additional hour

The rule is add 6 for each hour traveled

3 Add 6 to a term to obtain the next term in

Dawn’s Diner serves 9 cheesesticks in

1 order How many cheesesticks are in

6 orders?

1 Make a table

2 Each order has 9 cheesesticks

The number of cheesesticks increases by

9 for each additional order

The rule is add 9 for each order

3 Add 9 to a term to obtain the next term

Example 2

For every block, there are 5 apartment

buildings How many apartment buildings

are in 8 blocks?

1 For every 1 block, there are 5 apartment

buildings The number of buildings

increases by 5 for each additional block

The rule is multiply by 5

2 Multiply the number of blocks by the

number of apartment buildings in each

4 for each additional car

The rule is multiply by 4 .

2 Multiply the number of cars by the number of wheels on each car

number number

of cars of wheelsThere are 40 wheels on 10 cars.

GO ON

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Write a possible situation for each rule.

1 Add 2 for each additional person

Possible answer: The number of ears people have.

2 Multiply by 4 for each additional animal

Possible answer: The number of legs on a dog or horse.

3 John jogs 2 miles in 20 minutes How long will

it take John to jog 8 miles?

The rule is add 20 for every 2 miles

It will take John 80 minutes to jog 8 miles

4 There are 3 feet in a yard How many feet are there in 5 yards?

additional yard The rule is multiply by 3

5 × 3 = 15

There are 15 feet in 5 yards

Step by Step Practice

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5 Francisco reads at a rate of 30 pages for every 2 hours How many

pages did Francisco read in 4 hours?

Francisco read 60 pages in 4 hours.

6 Liz swam at a rate of 18 laps per hour How many laps will Liz

swim in 3 hours?

Liz will swim 54 laps in 3 hours

Solve.

She sold the tickets at a rate of 6 tickets each hour How

many tickets did Larisa sell in 5 hours?

Understand Read the problem Write what you know

Larisa sold 6 tickets each hour.

Plan Pick a strategy One strategy is to use logical

Check Skip count by 6 five times

Step by Step Problem-Solving Practice

of a hole that is 27 inches deep? 9 Check off each step

✔ Understand

✔ Plan

✔ Solve

✔ Check

Ladybug is able to climb

9 inches every 3 minutes.

Ladybug is able to climb

9 inches every 3 minutes.

Problem-Solving Strategies

✓ Use logical reasoning.

Guess and check.

Act it out.

Solve a simpler problem.

Work backward.

GO ON

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each ordered two scoops of ice cream How many scoops of ice

cream were served to the group altogether?

12

10 Explain two ways to find the number of ears on

5 students

The rule is to add 2: 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10 or the rule

is to multiply by 2: 5 × 2 = 10 Five students have 10 ears.

Skills, Concepts, and Problem Solving

Write a possible situation for each rule.

11 Add 6 for each additional desk

Possible answer: the number of pencils in each desk

12 Multiply by 9 for each additional tree

Possible answer: the number of apples on each tree

How many laps did Jeremy walk in 3 hours?

The rule is add 6 for every 1 hour(s)

Jeremy walked 18 laps in 3 hours

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How many miles did Careta travel in 6 hours? 210 miles

hour of business, she sold 10 glasses How much money did

Sherita make?

$10

construction paper How many sides did Abner cut out

of the construction paper?

with 4 pieces of chicken The cooks had 6 orders at the same time

How many pieces of chicken did they have to prepare?

24 pieces

sleep each night What is the least number of hours a person

should sleep in one week?

56 hours

Vocabulary Check Write the vocabulary word that completes

each sentence.

19 A(n) rule tells how numbers are related to each other

20 A(n) pattern is a sequence of numbers, figures, or symbols

that follows a rule or design

"USJBOHMFIBTUISFFTJEFT

GO ON

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21 Writing in Math Explain how to find the number

of legs that 6 octopuses have

An octopus has 8 legs.

Multiply the number of octopuses by the number of legs.

Each octopus has: 8 × 6 = 48 Six octopuses have 48 legs.

Spiral Review

Solve (Lesson 2-4, p 67)

every week How many weeks did it

take the kitten to gain 15 ounces?

Complete the input/output table

The line plot shows the results of spinning a spinner 50 times

Use the line plot to answer each question (Lesson 2-2, p 53)

23 Which color did the spinner land on the least number of times? yellow

24 How many times did the spinner land on blue? 14

25 Which color did the spinner land on 16 times? green

26 How many times did the spinner land on red? 11

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Lesson 3-2 Ratio and Rates 11

rate

a ratio of two measurements or amounts made with different units

A ratio can be used to compare two quantities.

If there are 12 apples and 4 people who want to eat the apples,

then the ratio of apples to people is _ 12 apples

4 people

In the example above, since apples and people are different,

the ratio of _ 12 apples

4 people is an example of a rate Since 12 _

4 =

3

1 ,

the unit rate is 3 apples to 1 person.

The unit price is the price of a single

bag of apples The unit price of the

apples is $6 for 1 bag

Every time Mr Smith buys another

bag of apples, it costs an additional

$6, and he gets 12 more apples

There are two ways to find the price for 5 bags of apples:

To find a total price, multiply the unit price by the number of items

To find a unit cost, divide the total price by the number of items

Ratios and Rates

GO ON

:PVDBOVTFSFQFBUFE BEEJUJPOPSTLJQDPVOUJOH JOTUFBEPG NVMUJQMZJOH

6AF2.1 Convert one unit of measurement to another.

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Example 2

Find the total price.

Anessa bought 6 pairs of shorts for soccer

practice Each pair of shorts cost $8 How

much did Anessa spend?

1 The unit price was $8 for 1 pair of shorts

2 Add 8, or skip-count by 8, six times

Anessa spent $48 for 6 pairs of shorts

YOUR TURN!

Vadim bought 5 pounds of nuts Each pound of nuts cost $2 How much did Vadim spend?

1 The unit price is $ 2 for 1 pound

Find the unit price.

Randy spent $46 to buy 4 DVDs Each DVD

had the same price Find the unit price for

a DVD

1 The price was $46 for 4 DVDs

2 Divide the total price by the number

of DVDs

The unit price for a DVD was $11.50

YOUR TURN!

Fina spent $18 to buy 8 notebooks Find the unit price for a notebook

1 The price was $ 18 for

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Write each ratio.

1 What is the ratio of baseballs to footballs?

One inch is equal to 2.54 centimeters How

many centimeters are in 36 inches?

1 The rate of centimeters to inches is

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Find each unit price.

4 Juan bought 10 pencils for $2.50 5 Beng bought 12 picture frames for $60 The unit price is $ 0.25 for 1 pencil The unit price is $ 5 for 1 frame

6 Hinto bought 7 video games Each video game cost $9 How

much did Hinto spend?

The unit price is $ 9 for 1 video game

video game

7 × 9 = 63

Hinto spent a total of $ 63 .

Find each total price.

7 Carpet was on sale at The Rug Factory Keisha bought 20 square

yards of carpet Each square yard of carpet cost $15 How much

did Keisha spend?

The unit price is $ 15 for 1 square yard of carpet.

Multiply the number of square yards by the cost per square yard

20 × 15 = 300

Keisha spent $ 300 for 20 square yards of carpet

8 Pedro bought 5 gallons of gasoline How much did Pedro spend?

QFSHBMMPO

The unit price is $ 2 for 1 gallon of gasoline

Multiply the number of gallons by the cost per gallon

5 × 2 = 10

Pedro spent $ 10 for 5 gallons of gasoline

To find the unit price, divide the total

price by the number of pencils.

To find the unit price, divide the total

price by the number of pencils.

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jog in 9 days?

Tora will jog 27 miles in 9 days.

10 The city where Carlota lives averages 4 centimeters of rain each

month How much rain does Carlota’s city get in 6 months?

Carlota’s city gets 24 centimeters of rain in 6 months

Convert each unit of measure.

11 1 km = 0.62 mi; 12 km = 7.44 mi 12 1 ft = 12 in.; 3 ft = 36 in.

13 1 gal = 4 qt; 6 gal = 24 qt 14 1 kg = 2.20 lb; 10 kg = 22 lb

Solve.

He bought 8 shirts for $6 each How much did Fedele

spend on volleyball shirts?

The unit price was $ 6 for one T-shirt

Plan Pick a strategy One strategy is to look for a pattern

Each additional shirt cost $6 more

Solve Multiply the number of shirts by the unit price

Fedele spent $ 48 for 8 T-shirts

Check Skip-count by 6 eight times

6 + 6 + 6 = 48

Step by Step Problem-Solving Practice Problem-Solving Strategies

Draw a diagram.

✓ Look for a pattern.

Guess and check.

Solve a simpler problem Work backward.

GO ON

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cars can 3 parking lots hold? Check off each step

✔ Understand

✔ Plan

✔ Solve

✔ Check

Three parking lots can hold 450 cars.

17 Mr Jenkins is ordering pizza for a party He estimates each guest

will eat 3 slices of pizza There will be 18 guests Each pizza will

have 8 slices How many pizzas should Mr Jenkins order?

He needs 54 slices of pizza.

He should order 7 pizzas for 18 guests.

18 The unit price of a basketball is $18 Explain the meaning

of the unit price

The unit price means that each basketball costs $18.

19 Presta bought 7 envelopes for a total 20 David bought 25 gumballs

The unit price is $ 0.12 for 1 envelope The unit price is $ 0.08 for 1 gumball

Find each total Use the table to answer Exercises 21–24.

21 How much do 16 loaves of wheat bread cost? $32

22 How much do 8 loaves of rye bread cost? $24

23 How much do 5 loaves of white bread cost? $5

24 How much do 5 loaves of white bread, 2 loaves of

rye bread, and 6 loaves of wheat bread cost? Explain

how you found your answer

#AKERY#READ4ALE

5YPEOF#READ

8HITE#READ8HEAT#READ3YE#READ

$OSTPER-OAF

See TWE margin.

CARS One parking lot can hold 150 cars.

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Convert each unit of measure.

32 A unit price is the price of a single piece or item

33 Writing in Math Marlon bought 16 pens for $20 Explain how to

find the unit price

Divide the cost by 16: 20 ÷ 16 = 1.25 Each pen cost $1.25.

Spiral Review

each time they marked a square on the board There were 8 marks

made altogether How many seconds did it take to finish the game?

64 seconds (Lesson 3-1, p 4)

For Exercises 35–37, use the graph shown at the right

Name the ordered pair for each point (Lesson 2-3, p 61)

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Chapter

1 Samson bought 7 books for $112 The unit price is $ 16 for

1 book

2 McKenzie bought 5 dolls for $50 The unit price is $ 10 for

1 doll

3 HEALTH Sari sleeps 9 hours each night How many hours does

she sleep in one week?

Sari sleeps 63 hours in one week.

4 MEASUREMENT One bucket can hold 8 gallons of

water How many gallons of water can 7 buckets hold?

Seven buckets can hold 56 gallons of water

5 FITNESS Steve exercises 0.75 hour each day How

many hours will he exercise in 8 days?

Steve will exercise 6 hours in 8 days

6 SHARKS About how many inches does a great

white shark grow in 7 years?

SHARKS Great white sharks grow about 10 inches per year.

A great white shark grows about 70 inches

in 7 years

7 TRAVEL Mr Kim drove 320 miles on 16 gallons

of gasoline How many miles did he drive on

1 gallon of gasoline? 20 miles

8 GROCERIES Kelsey bought Box A Anita bought

Box B Who bought the box of granola bars that is

less expensive per ounce? Anita

9 1 yd = 36 in.; 6 yd = 216 in 11 1 gal = 128 fl oz; 5 gal = 640 fl oz

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Lesson 3-3 Proportional Reasoning 19

(Lesson 3-2, p 11)

proportion

an equation stating that two ratios or rates are equivalent

cross multiply

find the product of the numerator of one fraction and the denominator of the other fraction

The cross products of a proportion are equal Cross multiply

to solve proportions when one value in the proportion is

10 = x Divide each side of the equation by 3

A proportion is a comparison of ratios It can be written

8 Divide each side of

Proportions always have equal signs

5 · 6 is one cross product

3x is the other cross product.

Both are read “5 is

to 3 as x is to 6.”

This equation is an example of a proportion

GO ON

6NS1.3 Use proportions to solve problems Use cross-multiplication

as a method for solving such problems, understanding it as the multiplication of both sides of an equation by a multiplicative inverse.

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Example 2

Yolanda rode her bike 15 miles in 2 hours How many miles can she

ride in 8 hours?

Set up a proportion Let x represent the number of miles Yolanda

can ride in 8 hours

A farmer claims that 10 cows can be raised on 4 acres of land

How many acres of land would the farmer need to raise 15 cows?

Set up a proportion Let x represent the number of acres of land

needed to raise 15 cows

_ 4 = 4m_ 4

m = 9

Circle correct answer(s) Cross out incorrect answer(s)

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3 Berto made a scale model of his bedroom His bedroom

is 10 feet long What is the width of Berto’s bedroom?

of Berto’s bedroom

8 inches

10 feet =

12 inches _

.Y#EDROOM

-FOHUIJODIFT

sections How many blue sections are there if the game board has

45 red sections? Let x represent the number of blue sections.

9 blue _

15 red =

x blue _

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year there are 20 boys in the chess club How many girls are in

the club?

There are 8 girls in the chess club

be in the Fall Harvest Parade Two cans of red paint and 3 cans of

yellow make 5 cans of orange paint She has 9 cans of yellow paint

How many cans of red paint does Jessy need to make orange paint?

Jessy needs 6 cans of red paint

Solve.

softball league grows to 9 teams, how many players will

there be in the league?

There are 4 teams with 32 players You

need to find out how many players there would be with 9 teams

Plan Pick a strategy One strategy is to write an equation

Let x represent the number of players in the league if the

softball league grows to 9 teams Set up a proportion

Solve 4 teams

32 players =

teams

players Cross multiply and solve

A softball league with 9 teams has 72 players

Check Compare the ratios In simplest form, both should

be equal

4 teams

32 players

9 teams

72 players Are the ratios equal? yes

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with raisins Keishon bought a large box that has 9 bars with nuts

If the ratio of bars with nuts to bars with raisins remains the same,

how many bars with raisins are in the large box? 15

Check off each step

✔ Understand

✔ Plan

✔ Solve

✔ Check

20 pounds of potatoes How much will it cost Gage to buy 20

Yes; 10 × x = 7 × 40; 10x = 280; x = 28.

Find the value of each variable.

36 j = 4

15 12 _

14 =

6 g g = 7 16 r _

16 =

8

4 r = 32

GO ON

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Find the value of each variable.

family room to the laundry room is 24 feet How

many centimeters is this on Ginger’s drawing?

9 cm

company charges $2 for shipping on every $15 spent How much

will Lora’s total be after the shipping charge is added?

ARCHITECTURE

On Ginger’s drawing, 3 centimeters equal 8 feet.

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Vocabulary Check Write the vocabulary word that completes each

sentence.

28 A(n) proportion is an equation stating that two ratios or

rates are equivalent

29 To cross multiply , find the product of the numerator of one

fraction and the denominator of the other fraction

30 Writing in Math Explain how to solve for a variable in a

proportion

Cross multiply to set up an equation Simplify both sides of the equation.

Divide both sides of the equation by the coefficient of the variable.

Spiral Review

Solve (Lesson 3-2, p 11)

Five dresses cost $ 125

swim in 12 days?

Jairo will swim 48 laps in 12 days

The line plot shows the results of rolling a number cube 40 times

Use the line plot to answer each question (Lesson 2-2, p 53)

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26 Chapter 3 Study Guide

Write the vocabulary word that completes each sentence

1 A(n) rule tells how the numbers, figures, or symbols in a pattern are related to each other

2 A(n) unit price is the price of a single piece

Label each diagram below Write the correct vocabulary term in each blank.

9 Joselyn can run 1 mile in 7 minutes

If she keeps a constant pace, how

many miles can she run in 35

minutes?

5

10 Ross and his five friends each bought

three comic books How many comic

books did they buy in all?

18

Example 1

Janice works at her father’s business for $8 per hour How much money will Janice earn if she works for 5 hours? Make a table.

For every 1 hour worked, Janice earns $8 So the amount of money earned increases by $8 for each additional hour The rule is add 8 for each hour worked

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Chapter 3 Study Guide 27

3-2 Constant Rate (pp 11–17)

11 Rebecca bought 8 gallons of gasoline

Each gallon of gasoline cost $3 How

much did Rebecca spend?

$24

12 Malik spent $7.50 to buy 3 packages of

trading cards that each had the same

price Find the unit price for a package

of trading cards

The unit price for a package of trading

cards is $2.50

Convert

13 One mile is equal to 1,760 yards How

many yards are in 4 miles?

7,040 yd

14 One cup is equal to 8 fluid ounces

How many ounces are in 9 cups?

Karina spent $19.96 to purchase 4 T-shirts that each had the same price Find the unit price for a T-shirt

The price was $19.96 for 4 T-shirts

Divide the total price by the number of T-shirts $19.96 ÷ 4 = $4.99

The unit price for a T-shirt is $4.99

Example 3

Convert.

How many ounces are in 6 pounds?

The rate of ounces to pounds is 16 ounces to

1 pound

Multiply the ounces in a pound by the number of pounds

16 × 6 = 96There are 96 ounces in 6 pounds

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Chapter

3

28 Chapter 3 Test

Chapter Test

1 How many tires do four “18-wheeler” tractor trailer trucks have?

See TWE margin.

2 How many legs do 7 cats have?

See TWE margin.

3 Stacey bought 5 bottles of hairspray Each bottle of hairspray cost

$2.00 How much did Stacey spend?

$10.00

4 I took my friend to lunch We each ordered the special for $6.00

What was the total bill?

$12.00

5 The unit price is $0.15 for 1 pencil

6 Alma bought 6 of the same granola bar for $4.50

The unit price is $0.75 for 1 granola bar.

9 1 pint = 16 ounces; 10 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams;

3 pints = 48 ounces 7 kilograms = 7,000 grams

11 _ f

17 = 3 _

20 _ y = 5

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Chapter 3 Test 29

13 FITNESS Eric jogs 1.5 miles each day How many miles does

he jog in 2 weeks?

Eric jogs 21 miles miles in 2 weeks

14 FISH How many gallons of water can 11 of these aquariums hold?

Eleven aquariums hold 319 gallons of water

15 CONSTRUCTION Ruben made a scale model of his deck The

scale measures 18 inches long and 12 inches wide Ruben’s actual

deck is 27 feet long What is the actual width of Ruben’s deck?

18 feet wide

16 ENTERTAINMENT Mireya and four of her friends went to the

movie theater They each purchased a ticket for $7 What was

the total cost of all of their tickets?

$35

17 FOOD Mireya and her four friends each bought three items at the

concession stand How many items did the group purchase in all?

15 items

18 POPULATION The population of Scottville grows by

approxi-mately 300 citizens every 4 years By about how many citizens will

the population of Scottville grow in 12 years?

approximately 900

Correct the mistakes.

Sheila and Sam are making a casserole The recipe calls for 6 ounces of chopped almonds Sheila and Sam want to double the recipe At the supermarket, almonds only come in 8-oz packages for $2 Sheila says, “The unit cost of the almonds is $0.25 per ounce Six ounces of almonds will only cost $1.50.”

19 What two mistakes did Sheila make?

See TWE margin.

20 How many ounces of almonds should Sheila and Sam buy? How

much will they cost?

See TWE margin.

FISH One aquarium can hold 29 gallons of water.

Trang 40

3 Paige’s family is gathered in the living

room for family game night She has a

large family and a few dogs If there is a

total of 24 legs in this room, how many

humans and how many dogs are there?

B 4 humans, 2 dogs

C 3 humans, 6 dogs

D 5 humans, 4 dogs

Choose the best answer and fill in the corresponding circle on the sheet at right.

530 points for every level he completes

If he has made it through 21 levels, how

gallons of gas At this rate, how many miles can he travel on 5 gallons of gas?

$29.97 How much will 7 CDs cost

F $44.96

G $59.94

H $64.93

J $69.93

ounces What is this cleaner’s unit

A $0.75 per ounce

B 7.5¢ per ounce

C 15¢ per ounce

D $7.50 per ounce

6AF1.3, 3AF2.1

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