permanent situations Present Progressive - S + am/ is/ are + Ving - activity that is in progress at the time or round the time of speaking Eg: Please don’t make so much noise.. Simple
Trang 1VERB TENSE REVIEW
I Simple Present and Present Progressive
Simple Present - S + V/ V es /s
- general statements of fact and timeless truth
Eg : Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen
- habitual or everyday activities
Eg: I study for two hours every night
- future events that are on a definite schedule or timetable
( open, close, begin, start, finish, arrive, leave, come, return )
Eg: The museum opens at ten tomorrow morning
usually, always, occasionally, seldom, sometimes
every day/ night/ year/ month
as a rule
whenever, every time
permanent situations
Present Progressive - S + am/ is/ are + Ving
- activity that is in progress at the time or round the time of speaking
Eg: Please don’t make so much noise I am working
- changes happening now or round now Eg: Is your English getting better?
- future: planned events or definite intention Eg: Sam has already made his plans He is leaving at noon tomorrow
right now, now, at the moment
imperative ( Look!/ Keep silent! )
today, tonight, this week, this year
temporary situations
II Simple Past and Past Progressive
Simple Past : S + V2/ed
- indicating an activity or situation began and ended at a
particular time in the past
Eg : I walked to school yesterday
- past habitual activities
Eg: I usually went fishing when I was younger
- when + simple, simple past
Eg: When Mrs Chu heard a strange noise, she got up to
investigate
( heard got up )
yesterday, yesterday morning/ afternoon
last + time ( last year/ night/ Saturday )
time + ago ( two minutes ago/ one year ago )
complete
Past Progressive: S+ was/ were + Ving
- activity that is in progress at a particular time in the past Eg: He was reading a book at this time yesterday
At eight o’clock last night, I was studying Last year at this time, I was attending school
- when + simple past , past progressive
while + past progressive, simple past Eg: I was walking down the street when it began to rain ( was walking began to rain)
- while + past progressive , past progressive Eg: While I was studying, my roommates were having a party ( was studying // was having)
at this time yesterday/ at this time late year
when/ while
incomplete
III Present Perfect and Present Prefect Progressive
Present Perfect : S + has/ have + Vpp
- indicating an activity or situation happened at an unspecific time
in the past
Eg : They have moved into a new apartment
They moved into a new apartment last year
- the repetition of an activity before the present time
Eg: We have had four tests so far this semester
I have flown on an airplane many times
- a situation that began in the past and continues to the present
P Prefect Progressive : S + has/have + been + Ving
- the duration of an activity that began in the past and continues
to the present Eg: I have been sitting here since seven o’clock
You have been studying for five straight hours Why don’t you take a break?
It has been raining all day It is still raining now
since , for
all morning/ all day/ all week
- activity that has recently stopped Eg: You are out break Have you been running?
Jason is very tired He has been working hard
Trang 2Eg: I have been there since I was seven years old.
I have known him for many years
already, just, yet, still , ever, never, lately,
recently, up to now, up to present, so far,
never before
this is the first/ second time .
IV Past Perfect and Past Prefect Progressive
Past Perfect : S + had + Vpp
- indicating an activity or situation that was completed before
another time or activity in the past
Eg : Sam had already left by the time Ann got there
The thief simple walked in Someone had forgotten to lock
the door
Sam had left/ left before Ann got there
After the guests had left/ left, I went to bed
She had no sooner left the house than it started to rain
Past Prefect Progressive : S + had + been + V ing
- the duration of an activity that was in progress before another time or activity in the past
Eg: The police had been looking for the criminal for two years before they caught him
V Future simple : Will and Be going to : [ will/ shall + V bare inf ] - [ am/ is / are going to + V bare inf ]
- talk about something that is planned or something that we think is likely to happen in the future : either will or be going to
Eg: We will/ are going to study climate change in a later part of the course
- making prediction based on our opinion or experience : will
Eg: Why not come over at the weekend? The children will enjoy
seeing you again
S + bet/ hope/ expect/ imagine/ reckon/ think/
wonder/ be sure - S + WILL
Eg: That cheese smells awful I bet nobody will eat it
- making decision at the moment of speaking : will
Eg: A: What would you like to eat?
B: I will have a sandwich, please
- making prediction based on some present evidence : be going to
Eg: The sky has gone really dark There is going to be a storm
- decision about the future that have already been planned Eg: A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?
B: Yes I am going to buy something for dinner
VI Future Perfect and Future Progressive
Future Progressive : S + will/ shall + be + Ving
- indicating an activity that will be in progress at a time in the
future
Eg: I will begin to study at seven You will come at nine So I will
be studying when you come
Right now I am sitting in class At this same time next week,
I will be sitting in class
Future Perfect : S + shall/ will + have + Vpp
- indicating an activity that will be completed before another time
or event in the future
Eg : 1 I will graduate in June We will see you in July By the time I see you, I will have graduated
2 I will have finished my homework by the time I go out on
a date tonight
* NOTE :
- We don’t usually use the following verbs in progressive tenses
know , believe, imagine, want, realize, feel, doubt, need, understand, suppose, remember, desire, recognize, think, forget, mean, love, hate, mind, astonish, like, dislike, care, amaze, appreciate, fear, please, envy, prefer, possess, have, own, owe, belong, taste, hear, see, smell, seem, cost, be, consist of, look, exist, contain, appear, weigh, master, include, sound, equal, resemble,
look like
- We mustn’t use the future tense in adverbial clause of time ( time clause) ( the present tenses will be used instead)
EXERCISES
1 “ Hurry up! What’s taking you so long?” – “ I for an important phone call Go ahead and leave without me”
2 Robert is going to be famous someday He in three movies already
a has been appearing b had appeared c has appeared d appeared
Trang 33 “ Where’s Poly?” – “ She ”
a is in her room reading b in her room is reading c has in her room studied d was in her room reading
4 While I TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor
a watched b had been watching c was watching d has been watching
5 Fish were among the earliest forms of life Fish on earth for ages and ages
6 The phone constantly since Jack announced his candidacy for president this morning
7 “ May I speak to Dr Paine, please? “ – “ Sorry, he a patient at the moment Can I help you?”
8 to her about it twice already However, I don’t think she wants to give me one
a I’ve talked b I’ve been talking c I was talking d I’d talked
9 My family love this house It the family home ever since my grandparents built it 60 years ago
10 Fatemah looked down to see a snake at her feet When she saw it , she
11 It seems that whenever I travel abroad, I to take something I need
12 I all of the questions correctly since I began this grammar exercise on verb tense
a am answering b was answering c have been answering d had been answering
13 Whenever Susan felt nervous, she her nails
14 The frying pan caught on fire while I diner
15 We will leave as soon as Mary
16 When I the great pyramids of Egypt for the first time, I was speechless
17 Since I left Venezuela six years ago, I to visit friends and family several times
18 Yesterday while I was attending a sales meeting, Mathew on the company’s report
a was working b is working c has been working d had been working
19 Ever since Maurice arrived, he quietly in the corner What’s the matter with him?`
20 Peter, since you got home form football practice?
a have you eaten b are you eating c do you eat d did you eat
21 The accident while he was driving to work
a occurred b was occurring c was being occurred d had been occurring
22 When Henry arrived home after a hard day at work, So they didn’t have chance to talk about their children
a his wife was sleeping b his wife slept c his wife has been sleeping d his wife is sleeping
23 What at nine o’clock last night?
a did you do b were you doing c have you been doing d had you been doing
24 She never leaves before she her work
25 While I in the park, there was a terrible storm
26 She’s been a teacher 1992
27 What during the last few years?
a have you been doing b did you do c were you doing d had you been doing
28 I ten pages so far
29 Whenever he exhausted, he to the beach for some fresh air
30 “ You look very tired.” – “ Yes, I papers all day?
a am marking b have been marking c was marking d had been marking
31 “ When did you come here? “ – “ I here since last January”
32 She usually reads newspapers while she for the bus
33 After six days of rain, I am glad that the sun again today
34 Look! It
35 I am sitting in class right now I in class at this exact time yesterday
36 I got a package in the mail When I opened it, I a surprise
Trang 437 Ali to a party at Sally’s apartment last Saturday night And she since then
a went/ hasn’t come b went/ didn’t come c has gone/ hasn’t come d has gone/ didn’t come
38 It is the first time I snow
39 Alex is an artist He many beautiful pictures in his life time Last week he a beautiful mountain scene
a drew / drew b has drawn/ has drawn c has drawn/ drew d drew/ has drawn
40 What since you here?
a have you learned / came b did you lean / have come c have you leaned / have come
41 “ Do you like lobster?” – “ I don’t know I it”
a am never eating b never ate c have never eaten d had never eaten
42 The last time I saw John was five years ago
a I didn’t see John five years ago b I have seen John for five years
c I haven’t seen John for five years d I didn’t see John for five years
43 It all day I wonder when it will stop
a is snowing b has been snowing c has snowed d had been snowing
44 “ able to reach Bob yet? “ – “ Not yet, I for the last twenty minutes, but all I get is a busy signal?
a Have you been / have been trying b Have you been/ has tried c Have you been/ tried
45 In the last fifty years, medical scientists many important discoveries
46 Since classes began, I much free time, I several big tests to study for
a haven’t had/ have had b didn’t have/ had c didn’t have/ have had d haven’t had/ had
47 I in my money for a subscription to your magazines two months ago, but to date I any issues
a have sent / haven’t received b sent / haven’t received c sent/ didn’t receive
48 The weather has been terrible lately It off and on for two days
49 My grandfather in an airplane, and he has no intention of doing so
a never flied b has never flied c never flies d had never flied
50 In all the world, there only 14 mountains that above 8, 000 meters
a is/ reach b are / reach c have been/ have reached d was/ reached
51 I called on her yesterday, she a meal at that time
52 They were too late The plane off ten minutes earlier
53 “ When did you go to work?” – “ As soon as they had come in, we to work”
54 “ How many pages so far?” – “ Ten”
a do you study b did you study c have you studied d had you studied
55 How long here by the end of next year?
a will you work b will you have worked c are you working d are you going to work
56 It a year ago
57 No sooner the news than she fainted
58 “ I miss my brother very much? – “ him lately”
a Haven’t you seen b Didn’t you see c Don’t you see d Hadn’t you seen
59 Television only for the last forty or fifty years
60 This was the first time I the experiment on plant breeding
61 I have typed ten letters
62 Cathy head mistress of the school yesterday
63 He you now, but he won’t believe you tomorrow
64 It every day so far this week
65 “ When can you come?” – “ I’ll come as soon as my work”
66 Every morning since last Christmas, I my dog out for a walk in the park
67 We missed the ferry It by the time we arrived at the pier
68 By the time the book is finished, he an agent
69 “ You look so exhausted” – “ I round the town all day”
70 After Jessica her degree, she intends to work in her father’s company
a will finish b will have finished c finishes d is finishing
Trang 571 By the time I go to be tonight, I my work for the day.
a will finish b have finished c will have finished d finish
72 When my parents for a visit tomorrow, they will see our new baby for the first time
73 I borrowed four books on gardening the last time I to the library
74 Before I started the car, all of the passengers their seat belts
75 When I see the doctor this afternoon, I him to look at my throat
76 After the ancient Greek athletes had won a race in the Olympics, they a simple crown of olive leaves
77 After the race , the celebration began
78 A small stone struck the windshield while we down the gravel road
80 When I met Tom yesterday, it was the first time I him since Christmas
a had seen b have seen c seen d saw
81 Studying late at night is one of those things that me tired
a makes b are making c making d were making
82 He for a job for some weeks before he found one.
a is looking b looks c would have been looking d had been looking
83 In a week’s time, you in Boston for a year.
a are living b have lived c had lived d will have been living
84 The men were strong and healthy Although they for more than three hours they did not need a rest
a were walking b have walked c have been walking d had been walking
85 I would like to know who “ Treasure Island”
a writes b has written c wrote d had written
86 “ Did he answer the letter?” - “ As soon as he it, he down to answer it”
a reads / sits b has read/ sits c had read/ sat d hat read/ were sitting
87 “We should go home now” - “ I will wait here until Mary tomorrow”
a come b will come c comes c will have come
88 He was sitting in the beach when he a sudden noise
a heard b was hearing c hears d has heard
89 “ How long here” - “ Exactly four years today I’m thinking of changing my job next year”
a are you working b did you work c have you been working d do you work
90 Every afternoon I for a walk in the garden
a will go b go c am going d have gone
91 When Peter?
a do you last see b were you last see c were you last seeing d did you last see
92 “Michael has lived in Peru for ten years” - “ Yes, but he doesn’t understand Spanish”
93 “ Let’s go to the new movie downtown” -“ Thanks, but I it already”
a have seen b was seeing c had seen d did see
94 Since they came, we able to work on the project
a are b have been c have to be d were
95 “ The earthquake surprised everyone” - “ Yes I was reading when it ”
a had hit b hit c has hit d had been hit
96 “ I wonder how John’s trip was” - “ I don’t know I haven’t seen him ”
a after he arrived b since he arrived c when he arrived d until he arrived
97 So far many houses
a are built b were built c have been built d had been built
98) He for London one year ago
99) She in Hue for twenty years
100) I to the market with my mother yesterday
101) What you , Nam? - I’m thinking of my mother
A do / think B are / thinking C have / thought D were / thinking
102) How long you her? - For five months
A do / know B are / knowing C have / known D had / known
103) I usually to school by bus
104) Yesterday morning I up at 6.30
Trang 6A got B get C was getting D had got
105) Please don’t make so much noise I
106) Water at 100 degrees Celsius
107) It is raining now It began raining two hours ago So it for two hours
108) you out last night?
109) This house 35,000 pounds in 1980
110) While Tom tennis, Ann a shower
A played / took B was playing / was taking C playing / taking D was play / was take
111) Mike is playing chess How long he ?
A did / play B is / playing C has / play D has / been playing
112) When they in the garden, the phone
A worked / was ringing B were working / rang C worked / rang D work / rings
113) After they their breakfast, they shopping yesterday
A have / go B had had / go C had / had gone D had had / went
114) They tea when the doorbell
A have / is ringing B had had / rang C were having / rang D having / ringing
115) Father his pipe while mother a magazine
A smoked / read B was smoking / was reading C had smoked / read D smoking / reading
116) When I into the office, my boss for me
A came / was waiting B had come / waited C was coming / waited D came / waiting
117) When I Brian, he a taxi
A see / drives B saw / was driving C see / was driving D saw / is driving 118) When he , we dinner So he had to wait for us
A arrived / having C was arriving / had B arrived / were having D had arrived / had 119) While they chess, we the shopping
A playing / doing B played / did C were playing / doing D were playing / were doing 120) They football when the lights in the stadium out
A were playing / went B were playing / was going C played / was going D playing / went 121) While George and John their room, she the ironing
A cleaning / doing B were cleaning / doing C were cleaning / was doing D cleaning / was doing 122) Today is Thursday and she late twice this week She late yesterday and on Monday
A is / was B has been / is C has been / was D has been / had been
123) He in the same house since 1975
124) We him since he married
A didn’t see / got C don’t / get B haven’t seen / got D hadn’t seen / got
125) It for two hours and the ground is too wet to play tennis
126) He to HCMC last year and I him since then
A moved / didn’t see B moved / haven’t seen C moves / haven’t seen D moved / hadn’t seen 127) We what to do with the money yet
A not decide C haven’t decided B didn’t decide D hadn’t decided
128) My father as a teacher for thirty years
129) He to New York three times this year
130) Who’s that? I never him before in my life
A am / seeing B had / seen C have / seen D was / seeing
131) They just a new fuel It’s half the price of the petrol and much cleaner
A had / discovered B are / discovering C have / discovered D were / discovering
132) My sister married three times
133) While she on the phone, the children fighting and broke a window
A talked / start B talking / started C talked / started D was talking / started
134) I a lot of time travelling since I this new job
A spend / get B have spent / get C spent / got D have spent / got
135) When I at school, we all Latin
A was / study B am / study C was / studied D had been / studied
136) After he breakfast, he down to write some letters
A has / sat B has had / sits C had had / sits D had had / sat
137) I a new house last year, but I my old house yet, so at the moment I have two houses
A buy / didn’t sell B bought / hadn’t sold C bought / haven’t sold D bought / didn’t sell
138) He you when he has the necessary information
Trang 7139) When we at the stadium last Sunday, the match already
A arrive / had / started B arrived / has / started C had arrived / started D arrived / had / started 140) We our plan next week
141) They a house by June next year
A will build B are building C have built D will have built
142) I here until he answers me
143) She until you are ready
144) The film by the time we get there
145) Tom to Hanoi before
146) When we came to the stadium, the match
A already begins B had already begun C already began D have already begun 147) It was the first time I such a beautiful girl
A ever saw B had ever seen C have ever seen D ever see
148) He in this school before he for England
A taught / had left B taught / has left C had taught / left D has taught / left 149) She the gold medal in 1986
150) London a lot since we first to live here
A changed / came B has changed / came C had changed / came D has changed / come 151) How many times you this film? - The first time
152) I how to dance when I six years old
A don’t know / was B didn’t know / am C didn’t know / was D haven’t known / was 153) Last month my brother me his photos He me his photos every year
154) Nam is a careful driver but yesterday he carelessly
155) Do you like swimming, Ba? - I when I was a child but not now
156) I her at the school gate yesterday
157) She English when she was six years old
158) I don’t remember where and when I her
159) They to know each other for more than ten years
160) you that film yet?
161) I the film with my friends last week
162) He up at five every morning
163) she in Hue at the moment?
A Does / live B Is / living C Did / live D Was / living
164) He usually her at weekend but now he in bed because of his severe illness
A visits / stays B visits / staying C visited / stays D visits / is staying 165) Don’t make noise, children! Parents
166) Why you often so much noise in the house?
A do / make B did / make C are / making D were / making
167) What he before you came?
168) While mum was watching TV, I my homework
169) At this time yesterday I to music
A listened B had listened C was listening D am listening
170) What he at 4pm last Sunday?
171) When I a little girl, I used to climb trees and go swimming in the river with my friends
172) Last year he came here and me to marry him but I too young to get married
A asked / was B asks / am C had asked / was D has asked / am
173) How long you novels?
Trang 8A have / write B do / write C have / written D are / writing
174) you sometimes out with friends?
A Are / going B Do / go C Have / gone D Did / go
175) I a lot of badminton recently
176) When I home, everyone TV
A got / watch B got / watching C get / was watch D got / was watching 177) We your mother for ages
178) Yesterday David was crossing (A) a street when (B) a truck was turning (C) a corner very fast and almost hit (D) him 179) When Rita will get(A) her driver’s license next week(B), she will be able(C) to drive to school every day(D)
180) So far (A) she spends (B) a lot of time there (C) chatting with (D) her friends
181) Jack is living (A) in Spain now (B) His Spanish had improved (C) greatly since he moved(D) there
182) Last month(A) while we watched(B) an exciting game on(C) television in our living room, the electricity went out(D) 183) I’m sure(A) they have completed(B) the new(C) road by(D) June
184) At(A) this time tomorrow(B), we will do(C) their homework with their(D) brothers
185) We have seen(A) and tell(B) you the situation next(C) Monday Please wait for(D) us
186) Our(A) teacher explained(B) that lesson to(C) us tomorrow(D)
187) We will wait(A) for you when(B) you will get(C) back tomorrow(D)
188) I will practise(A) my English lesson with(B) my classmate at(C) 7pm next(D) Sunday
189) When I see(A) Mr Pike tomorrow(B), I remind(C) him of(D) that
190) He works(A) on the(B) report at(C) this time tomorrow(D)
191) Please(A) sit here(B) and wait until(C) the manager will return(D)
192) Our parents arrived(A) next Wednesday I’m sure we will receive(B) a lot of(C) presents from(D) them
193) I gave(A) him your message(B) and letter when(C) I see him(D)
194) By(A) the time you arrive(B), I will finish(C) writing an(D) essay
195) We will be going(A) home as soon(B) as we have finished(C) our work(D)
196) Mr Green has taught(A) English this school since(B) he graduates(C) from (D) the university in1986 197) At (A) yesterday morning(B) when I arrive(C) at his house, he was still sleeping(D)