Lecture AP Biology Chapter 27 Bacteria

After studying this chapter you will be able to: Distinguish between the cell walls of grampositive and gramnegative bacteria; state the function of the following features: capsule, fimbriae, sex pilus, nucleoid, plasmid, and endospore; explain how R plasmids confer antibiotic resistance on bacteria; explain the importance ofuses for prokaryotes

Ch 27 Warm-Up

1. What was Frederick Griffith’s

contribution to our understanding

of DNA? (Refer back to Ch 16)

2. How do bacteria replicate?

Lab 6A Warm-Up

1 What are plasmids?

2 What gene(s) are on the plasmid being used in this lab?

3 How can we know if cells have been successfully transformed in this lab?

Chapter 27.2

What you need to

know:

 Mechanisms that contribute to genetic diversity in prokaryotes, including transformation,

conjugation, transduction, and mutation

Genetic Diversity in

Prokaryotes

Factors:

1.Rapid reproduction (binary fission)

2.Mutations – errors in replication

3.Genetic recombination

Genetic Recombination in Bacteria

1. Transformation: uptake of

foreign DNA from surroundings

2. Transduction: viruses transfer

genes between prokaryotes

3. Conjugation: DNA transferred

from one to another

n Uptake of foreign DNA from surroundings

 Observed by Griffith (bacteria & mice)

chromosome

gene cloning

AP Bio Lab 6A - Transformation

Using plasmids and bacteria in genetic engineering

Gene Cloning

(bacteriophages)

carry bacterial

genes from one host cell to another

donor and recipient cell

bridge”) through which DNA is transferred

called the F factor to produce the pilus