3 3 15 kitchen science (science)

Like scientists, cooks also need tools.. Tools for Measuring You’re baking a cake.. Measuring spoons help you figure out small amounts.. Measuring cups help you figure out larger amounts

H O U G H T O N M I F F L I N

by Lisa Benjamin

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ISBN-13: 978-0-547-02144-7

ISBN-10: 0-547-02144-5

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Table of Contents

Science in the Kitchen 3

Tools for Measuring 4

Tools for Mixing 6

Tools for Heating and Cooling 8

Tools for Eating 10

Science in the Kitchen

Making a meal is sort of like doing a science experiment In the lab, scientists heat things up or mix them together to watch them change When you heat or mix foods and flavors, they change, too Scientists often follow instructions to

do an experiment So do cooks Their instructions are called recipes Like

scientists, cooks also need tools Tools

help them warm, freeze, mix, and mash

Science can be performed in a lab or a kitchen.

Tools for Measuring

You’re baking a cake The recipe calls for a teaspoon of salt But you don’t

know how much that is No need to

get anxious about it Just take out some measuring spoons

Measuring spoons help you figure out small amounts Measuring cups help you figure out larger amounts

It’s hard to follow recipes without measuring cups.

Cooks often need to weigh food

But they don’t get tense Instead, they

use scales A scale tells you how many

ounces or pounds something weighs

Scales can measure almost any kind of food.

It’s recommended that you cook with

an adult’s help.

Tools for Mixing

Cooks often mix foods Mixing makes something new For instance, lots of

different ingredients make up a salad They may include lettuce, tomatoes,

and cucumbers, among other things To make a salad, cooks use knives to cut

up the ingredients Then they use big spoons to toss everything together

Cooks also use a tool called a blender

It helps them mix smoothies and shakes

A tasty shake can make anything seem

more festive and fun

A food processor is another tool

Cooks use it to mix tomatoes and spices for salsa They also use it to whip up

sauces They use it to mash together

potatoes and cream, too What do you think that makes?

Blenders swirl liquids together to make a shake.

Tools for Heating and Cooling

Heating or freezing food changes it, too Sometimes cooks bake liquid batter

to make a cake Other times, they chill liquid cream to make ice cream Most kitchens have two big tools for these jobs Ovens heat food Freezers cool

it down

This cook uses a tool called a torch to heat food.

You need a freezer to

keep ice cream frozen.

Good cooks always pay close

attention to the temperature in the

oven or the freezer Ovens and

freezers have thermometers You can

set the oven to 350 degrees to bake

a cake, or to 450 degrees to cook a

chicken You can set a freezer to low

to freeze ice cream

Cooks also need to know how long

to heat food A timer is a good tool

for that If you set a timer when you put something in the oven, the alarm

will go off when the food is ready

Tools for Eating

When the cooking is done, the

experiment is over Time to grab some tools for eating Forks, spoons, and

knives help us cut and pick up food

Without them, we’d have to eat with our fingers That would be messy!

In Italy, if someone remarked that you were “a good fork,” that would mean you’re a good eater So don’t get cross and think you’re being called a tool

Chopsticks are another tool for eating.

Make a word web around the word “festive.” What kinds of events can be festive? Copy

this word web and add more words.

festive

birthday

party

Text to World Write a paragraph to

describe a food that’s fun to eat at a festive

event What kind of tools do you think

would be used to prepare the food? What

tools would you use to eat the food? Use

words from the web in your writing.

Write About It

anxiously

cross

degrees

festive

ingredients recommended remarked tense

TARGET VOCABULARY

TARGET STRATEGY Infer/Predict Use clues to figure out more about the selection

What is sometimes hot and sometimes cold?

ISBN-13: 978-0-547-02144-7 ISBN-10: 0-547-02144-5

HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

Online Leveled Books

Level: M

DRA: 28

Science

Strategy:

Infer/Predict

Word Count: 552

3.3.15 Build Vocabulary