Test bank for management 3rd edition hitt

Which aspect of the justice approach to ethical decision making forms the basis of affirmative action plans.. D temporal immediacy An executive who justifies paying a bribe because it a

Test Bank for Management 3rd Edition Hitt

Multiple Choice Questions - Page 1

The perspective of social responsibility states that

a manager's responsibility is to maximize profits for the owners of the business

1 A) effector

2 B) effectiveness

3 C) efficiency

4 D) efficacy

is the extent to which consequences are focused

on a few individuals or dispersed across many

1 A) Proximity

2 B) Probability of effect

3 C) Concentration of effect

4 D) Social consensus

is a function of the interval between the time the

action occurs and the onset of its consequences

1 A) Chronological order

2 B) Probability of effect

3 C) Proximity

4 D) Temporal immediacy

From an efficiency perspective, when the manager of a

business , the self-interests of the owner are best achieved by serving the interests of society

1 A) is also its owner

2 B) plays a purely administrative role

3 C) has a strong concern for social welfare

4 D) is risk averse

is the view that your perspective is correct and the

views of people in other cultures are inferior

1 A) Ethnocentricity

2 B) Universality

3 C) Polycentricity

4 D) Regiocentricity

Which of the following is true regarding the utilitarian

approach to ethical decision making?

1 A) It examines the moral standing of actions independent of their consequences.

2 B) The "goodness" or "badness" of an outcome is often subjective.

3 C) One should choose a course of action that can be applied to all people under all situations.

4 D) Culture and religion do not influence one's judgment of what is good or bad.

Which aspect of the justice approach to ethical decision

making forms the basis of affirmative action plans?

1 A) compensatory justice

2 B) distributive justice

3 C) procedural justice

4 D) restorative justice

is concerned with morality and standards of

business conduct, especially among individuals

1 A) Social consensus

2 B) Managerial ethics

3 C) Organizational behavior

4 D) Earned value management

A factory continues to dump its chemical waste into the local

river in spite of government orders banning the

dumping of industrial effluents in local water bodies The company knows that the effects of the chemicals

on the water will not be detected until several years later This is an example of

1 A) temporal immediacy

2 B) social consensus

3 C) concentration of effect

4 D) proximity

The associated with the outcome of a given action

is the anticipated level of impact, independent of

whether the consequences are positive or negative

1 A) probability of effect

2 B) magnitude of the consequences

3 C) concentration of effect

4 D) temporal immediacy

An executive who justifies paying a bribe because it allows

his company to provide the greatest good for the

greatest number of people adheres to the approach to ethical decision making

1 A) justice

2 B) moral rights

3 C) universal

4 D) utilitarian

Which of the following is in accordance with the utilitarian

approach to ethical decision making?

1 A) Do onto others as you would have them do unto everyone, including yourself.

2 B) Choose the action that conforms with moral principles.

3 C) Try to make decisions that result in the greatest good.

4 D) Focus on the equity and process of outcomes.

The approach to ethical decision making focuses

on consequences of an action

1 A) moral rights

2 B) utilitarian

3 C) universal

4 D) justice

Pixel Inc has established a system to settle employee

grievances According to this system, aggrieved

employees must first approach their immediate

supervisors with their problems If the employee

considers the supervisor's decision unsatisfactory, he

or she may approach the next person in the chain of command If the grievance still remains unresolved, the matter may be referred to voluntary arbitration This system is indicative of

1 A) procedural justice

2 B) distributive justice

3 C) interactional justice

4 D) compensatory justice

At Pixel Inc, all promotions, pay raises, and bonuses are

based on employees' attainment of their goals and the extent to which they help the organization reach its objectives Managers are strictly instructed to

disregard irrelevant criteria such as the employee's age, gender, race, and so on when allocating rewards This is indicative of

1 A) procedural justice

2 B) distributive justice

3 C) compensatory justice

4 D) interactional justice

Mark heads his firm's international division in China and has

been approached by local officials on several

occasions to pay a bribe After countless failed

attempts, the officials are now threatening to shut

down the facility if Mark doesn't pay up Realizing that this would render thousands of employees jobless, Mark decides to pay the bribe Mark adopted the

approach in arriving at this decision

1 A) utilitarian

2 B) universal

3 C) moral rights

4 D) justice

According to the approach to ethical decision

making, some things are just right or wrong,

independent of their consequences

1 A) universal

2 B) utilitarian

3 C) justice

4 D) moral rights

A(n) involves having to make a choice between two

competing but arguably valid options

1 A) cognitive bias

2 B) ethical lapse

3 C) fallacy

4 D) ethical dilemma

Which aspect of the justice approach to ethical decision

making is concerned with the impartial administration

of decision-making processes?

1 A) procuratory justice

2 B) distributive justice

3 C) procedural justice

4 D) restorative justice

Pixel Inc is planning to upgrade its technology

infrastructure However, this move is likely to render more than half of its workforce redundant Which of the following statements is true in this scenario?

1 A) The magnitude of the consequence is high.

2 B) The concentration of effect is low.

3 C) There is a high degree of social consensus.

4 D) The probability of effect is low.

is the degree to which people see an issue as an

ethical one

1 A) Ethnocentricity

2 B) Disparate impact

3 C) Moral intensity

4 D) Social consensus

The approach to ethical decision making focuses

on the equity of processes and outcomes

1 A) universal

2 B) utilitarian

3 C) justice

4 D) moral rights

According to philosopher Immanuel Kant, form the

basis of all rights

1 A) individuality and happiness

2 B) freedom and autonomy

3 C) fairness and equitability

4 D) justice and truth

According to a recent survey by BizMag.com, more than 60

percent of all employees believe that pilfering office supplies for personal use is acceptable Which of the following statements is true in this scenario?

1 A) The magnitude of the consequence is high.

2 B) The concentration of effect is high.

3 C) There is a high degree of social consensus.

4 D) The probability of effect is high.

A(n) is a decision that is contrary to an individual's

stated beliefs and policies of the company

1 A) fallacy

2 B) cognitive bias

3 C) ethnocentric viewpoint

4 D) ethical lapse

Cigarette ads and smoking have not been completely

outlawed in part because the is not 100

percent

1 A) probability of effect

2 B) anchoring effect

3 C) temporal immediacy

4 D) externality

Even if a manager does not intend to discriminate against a

particular minority group, legal action can be brought against the firm if the minority group can prove

1 A) temporal immediacy

2 B) disparate impact

3 C) compensatory justice

4 D) probability of effect

refers to an individual's physical and

psychological closeness to the outcome of an action

1 A) Concentration of effect

2 B) Proximity

3 C) Social consensus

4 D) Spatial intelligence

The moral intensity of an issue rises and falls depending on

how likely people think the consequences are This is known as

1 A) proximity

2 B) temporal immediacy

3 C) probability of effect

4 D) concentration of effect

Pixel Inc prohibits smoking in the workplace According to

company rules, any employee found smoking on the work premises will be fined However, managers are lax in implementing this rule and employees are

regularly seen smoking in the office corridors and cafeteria Which of the following is true in this

scenario?

1 A) The probability of effect is low.

2 B) The concentration of effect is high.

3 C) The magnitude of the consequence is high.

4 D) The temporal immediacy is high.

involves the extent to which members of a society

agree that an act is either good or bad

1 A) Social consensus

2 B) Probability of effect

3 C) Concentration of effect

4 D) Social order

According to the universal approach to ethical decision

making, managers must first determine whether a course of action can apply to all people in all

situations, then ask themselves whether

1 A) the act has moral significance in the community

2 B) the costs and benefits of the act can be equitably distributed

3 C) the rewards of the act can be equitably distributed

4 D) they would want the same rule applied to themselves

63 Free Test Bank for Management 3rd Edition Hitt

Multiple Choice Questions - Page 2

A major concern with the efficiency perspective is that

corporations can impose indirect consequences that may not be completely understood or anticipated In economic terms, such an unintended consequence is called a(n)

1 A) externality

2 B) ethical lapse

3 C) oligopoly

4 D) random error

Corporations react to the various pressures and

constituencies connected to the topic of social

responsibility in different ways Defenders

1 A) actively seek legal loopholes in conducting their business

2 B) abide by the letter of the law

3 C) make changes when they feel pressurized by constituencies

4 D) anticipate harmful consequences independent of pressures and laws

Corporations react to the various pressures and

constituencies connected to the topic of social

responsibility in different ways make

changes only when legally compelled to do so

1 A) Accommodators and reactors

2 B) Anticipators and reactors

3 C) Defenders and accommodators

4 D) Reactors and anticipators

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act prohibit payments to

1 A) foreign shareholders

2 B) foreign officials

3 C) firm partners

4 D) competitors

Which of the following is an example of a reactor firm?

1 A) A biotech company fights government efforts that will restrict its ability to import raw materials.

2 B) A petrochemical company takes preventive measures to protect employees from harmful chemicals within the workplace even before anyone suffers negative side effects.

3 C) The Hardley Accounting Firm changes its accounting practices after the

introduction of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002.

4 D) Ramen's retail store decides to stop using plastic bags after customers

threatened to boycott its products.

Corporations react to the various pressures and

constituencies connected to the topic of social

responsibility in different ways firms make changes when they feel that pressure from

constituencies is sufficient such that

nonresponsiveness could have a negative economic impact on the firm

1 A) Accommodator

2 B) Anticipator

3 C) Reactor

4 D) Defender

Corporations react to the various pressures and

constituencies connected to the topic of social

responsibility in different ways Companies that are tend to fight efforts that they see as resulting

in greater restriction and regulation of their ability to maximize profits

1 A) accommodators

2 B) defenders

3 C) reactors

4 D) anticipators

Corporations react to the various pressures and

constituencies connected to the topic of social

responsibility in different ways tend to

believe that they are obligated to a variety of

stakeholders not to harm them independent of laws or pressures that restrict or regulate their actions

1 A) Defenders

2 B) Anticipators

3 C) Reactors

4 D) Accommodators

A(n) is an employee who discloses illegal or

unethical conduct on the part of others in the

organization

1 A) connoisseur

2 B) critic

3 C) whistleblower

4 D) analyst

How can a company communicate ethical standards?

1 A) by disseminating a one-time memo

2 B) by repeatedly communicating the code in memos and company newsletters

3 C) by conducting one-to-one meetings with the manager and the employee

4 D) by letting employees conduct themselves in ways they think appropriate and correcting them, if need be

Which of the following is an example of an accommodator

firm?

1 A) The Hardley Accounting Firm changes its accounting practices after the

introduction of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002.

2 B) Ramen's retail store decides to stop using plastic bags after customers

threatened to boycott its products.

3 C) A biotech company fights government efforts that will restrict its ability to import raw materials.

4 D) A petrochemical company takes preventive measures to protect employees from harmful chemicals within the workplace even before anyone suffers negative side effects.

Which of the following is least likely to encourage

whistleblowing?

1 A) communicating procedures to all employees

2 B) protecting whistleblowers who make valid claims

3 C) having a closed-door policy

4 D) investigating all claims based on consistent procedures

Actions that benefit shareholders but harm the other

stakeholders would be viewed as from the efficiency perspective but from the social responsibility perspective

1 A) managerially responsible; socially irresponsible

2 B) socially responsible; managerially irresponsible

3 C) socially irresponsible; managerially responsible

4 D) managerially irresponsible; socially responsible

As an employee of an international aid organization, Cynthia

is often required to travel to countries where natural disasters have recently occurred During a visit to a city destroyed by an earthquake, Cynthia learns that her organization has hired child laborers to help

rebuild the ruined city She quits the organization and brings this information to the notice of the public

Cynthia is a(n)

1 A) connoisseur

2 B) analyst

3 C) whistleblower

4 D) defender

When companies reward employees who report valid claims

of corporate unethical conduct, what are they clearly encouraging?

1 A) moral intensity

2 B) pay for performance

3 C) compensatory justice

4 D) whistleblowing

According to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which of the

following can be paid to low-level government

employees to perform their duties more quickly?

1 A) bribes

2 B) dividends

3 C) facilitating payments

4 D) push money

Corporations react to the various pressures and

constituencies connected to the topic of social

responsibility in different ways tend to obey the letter of the law but do not make changes that

might restrict profits unless they are required to

1 A) Reactors

2 B) Anticipators

3 C) Defenders

4 D) Accommodators

A(n) is an individual or group that has an interest

in and is affected by the actions of an organization

1 A) social consensus

2 B) cohort

3 C) stakeholder

4 D) accommodator

According to the principle of , the financial

obligation corporations have to others is limited to the company and does not extend to its shareholders

1 A) limited liability

2 B) distributive justice

3 C) limited interest

4 D) compensatory justice

Which of the following is an example of an anticipator firm?

1 A) The Hardley Accounting Firm changes its accounting practices after the

introduction of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002.

2 B) A biotech company fights government efforts that will restrict its ability to import raw materials.

3 C) A petrochemical company takes preventive measures to protect employees from harmful chemicals within the workplace even before anyone suffers negative side effects.

4 D) Ramen's retail store decides to stop using plastic bags after customers

threatened to boycott its products.

Within the context of the efficiency perspective of social

responsibility, externalities involve

1 A) random consequences

2 B) marketplace interactions

3 C) unintended consequences

4 D) indirect acts of social responsibility