Airstreams: Continuous through the nose Vocal cords: Vibrating - At the beginning of the word me may moremilk monthmatter - In the middle of the word army among lemon animal summer somet
Trang 1English 11 Unit 2 – Review
Language focus
A Pronunciation: /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ the nasal consonant
Lips: Together in a “humming” position
Airstreams: Continuous through the nose
Vocal cords: Vibrating
Tongue: Firmly pressed against gum ridge behind upper front teeth
Airstreams: Continuous through the nose Vocal cords: Vibrating
Back of tongue: Raised toward the soft palate.
Airstreams: Continuous through the nose Vocal cords: Vibrating
- At the beginning of the word
me
may moremilk monthmatter
- In the middle of the word
army
among
lemon
animal
summer something
- At the end of the word
am
him seemcome roomname
- At the beginning of the word no
new netknow nailneck
- In the middle of the word
any many
money banana
tennis runner
- At the end of the word
in
on canwhen fineagain
- In the middle of the word
anger thank
single finger
hungry
- At the end of the word
doing going
running singing
belong
- /n/ doesn’t occur at the beginning of the word.
- When n followed m in the same syllable,
it is usually NOT pronounced; it is silent.
column
- When an unstressed syllable begin with /t/
or /d/ and ends with /n/ is frequently pronounced as “syllabic” /n/.
written kitten
curtain sadden
- The letter ng or ngue at the end of the
words are always pronounced /ŋ/
- The letter n before g or k is usually pronounced /ŋ/
drink
Sound identificationː /m/, /n/, /ŋ/ might substitute more familiar at the end of the words.
If you say /n/ instead of /m/: some will sound like sun
If you say /ŋ/ instead of /m/: swim will sound like swing
Tips: /m/ humming sound “mmmmmm”
/n/ practice the word: again
/ŋ/ practice the word: thinking, studying, everything
B Grammar: Present simple indicating past time
Past simple, past progressive, past perfect Linking word: both … and/ neither…nor/ either …or
I Present simple indicate the past time
The present simple is used to report what we have heard or what we have read:
• This newspaper article explains why unemployment has been rising so quickly.
When we tell a story or joke we often describe the main events using the present (or past) simple and longer, background events using the present (or past) continuous:
• She goes (or went) up to this man and looks (or looked) straight into his eyes She's carrying (or was carrying) a bag full of shopping
II Past simple, past progressive, past perfect
1.Simple Past
Use of Simple Past
Action in the past taking place once, never or several times
Example: He visited his parents every weekend.
Action in the past taking place one after the other
Example: He came in, took off his coat and sat down.
Action in the past taking place in the middle of another action
Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.
If sentences type II (If I talked, …)
Example: If I had a lot of money, I would share it with you.
Adverb of time
yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday
2 Past Continuous
Form
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Trang 2English 11 Unit 2 – Review
Use of Past Progressive
Puts emphasis on the course of an action in the past
Example: He was playing football.
Two actions happening at the same time (in the past)
Example: While she was preparing dinner, he was washing the dishes.
Action going on at a certain time in the past
Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.
Adverb of time
when, while, as long as, by the time + simple past
3 Past Perfect
Form
Use of Past Perfect
Action taking place before a certain time in the past: used with after, before, when, by the time, as soon as
(putting emphasis only on the fact, not the duration)
Example: Before I came here, I had spoken to Jack.
By the time I got to the station, the train had left
When I got home yesterday I realized that I had lost my key
Conditional Sentences Type III (condition that was not given in the past)
Example: If I had seen him, I would have talked to him.
Adverb of time
already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day (with reference to the past, not the present)
Example: Until last week he had never painted the room
II Linking word: both … and/ neither…nor/ either …or
Both Alice and Janice attended USC.
Both Jim and Peter are attending the conference in New York this weekend
Either … or is used in sentences in a positive sense meaning "one or the other, this or that, he or she, etc." Verb
conjugation depends on the subject (singular or plural) closest to the conjugated verb
Either Peter or the girls need to attend the course (second subject plural) Either Jane or Matt is going to visit next weekend (second subject singular)
Neither … nor is used in sentences in a negative sense meaning "not this one nor the other, not this nor that, not he nor
she, etc." Verb conjugation depends on the subject (singular or plural) closest to the conjugated verb
Neither Frank nor Lilly lives in Eugene (second subject singular) Neither Axel nor my other friends care about their future (second subject plural)
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