The Week USA September 16 2016

And later this month, voters will have perhaps the best opportunity yet to truly take the measure of Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump, at the first presidential debate on Sept.. Hillary

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22 Books

Tom Wolfe takes on the theory of evolution

23 Author of the week

Ian McEwan’s womb with a view

24 Film & Music

Soul mates and their

secret in The Light Between Oceans

26 Television

A new look at the murder of JonBenét Ramsay

NEWS

4 Main stories

Polls tighten as the 2016

race moves into its final

stretch; the FBI’s report

on Clinton’s server

6 Controversy of the week

Trump doubles down on

his hard-line immigration

positions

7 The U.S at a glance

Fox settles with Gretchen

Carlson for $20 million;

a magnitude-5.8 tremor

shakes Oklahoma

8 The world at a glance

First face transplant

patient dies in France;

G20 summit flops

10 People

Quincy Jones’ gangster

youth; the man who

created Burning Man

12 Best U.S columns

Why it’s wrong to

conduct animal research;

time to cut aid to Israel

27 Food & Drink

Finding the freshest takes

33 Making money

Money lessons for college freshmen

34 Best columns

Apple’s worry over its

$14.5B EU tax bill; how not

to close the gender pay gap

Hillary Clinton speaks to the press aboard her campaign plane (p 4)

Quincy Jones (p 10)

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

It’s understandable to feel a little exhausted by this seemingly

never-ending election season As one political journalist put it

this week, the contest for the White House feels as if it “has been

going on since before rocks were invented.” The good news is

that with Labor Day in the rearview mirror, the finish line is truly

in sight And later this month, voters will have perhaps the best

opportunity yet to truly take the measure of Hillary Clinton and

Donald Trump, at the first presidential debate on Sept 26

Polit-ical scientists have long said that debates don’t move the needle

all that much—serving mostly to solidify voters’ support for their

preferred candidate But this race has been anything but ordinary,

and even in more typical election years, the debates have led to

some surprising stumbles that hurt experienced pols and provided

openings to relative newcomers to establish their bona fides

Richard Nixon, of course, demonstrated the importance of

optics when he showed up looking pale and sweaty to face off

against the tan and telegenic John F Kennedy Ronald gan showed how one zinger can effectively end a contest when

Rea-he landed a joke about his opponent Walter Mondale’s youth and inexperience Then there were the moments when candi-dates effectively confirmed voters’ worst suspicions about them,

as when Michael Dukakis gave a wooden response to a tion about his wife being raped and murdered, or when George H.W Bush impatiently checked his watch after a voter’s ques-tion about the effects of the recession Hillary Clinton report-edly understands the risk that burying Trump in policy details could leave her looking like a know-it-all Washington wonk (See Talking Points.) So she’s getting advice from psychology ex-perts on the best way to bait him into blunders Trump has by all accounts decided to wing it Stay tuned: The wildest parts of this long, strange election trip are no doubt

Dalenberg, Richard Jerome, Dale Obbie, Hallie Stiller, Frances Weaver

Art director: Dan Josephs Copy editors: Jane A Halsey, Jay Wilkins Chief researcher: Christina Colizza Special projects editor: Alexis Boncy Contributing editors: Ryan Devlin,

Bruno Maddox

VP, publisher: John Guehl

VP, marketing: Tara Mitchell Account directors: Samuel Homburger,

Steve Mumford

Account manager: Shelley Adler Detroit director: Lisa Budnick Midwest director: Erin Sesto Northwest director: Steve Thompson Southeast director: Jana Robinson

Yuliya Spektorsky

Digital planner: Jennifer Riddell Chief financial officer: Kevin E Morgan Director of financial reporting:

U.K founding editor: Jolyon Connell Company founder: Felix Dennis

What happened

Hillary Clinton’s poll lead over

Donald Trump continued to shrink

this week, as both presidential

cam-paigns kicked into high gear for the

nine-week, post–Labor Day sprint to

Election Day The RealClearPolitics

national poll average put Clinton’s

head-to-head lead over Trump at just

over 3 points, 46 to 43, down from 6

points two weeks earlier But several

polls produced even better news

for Trump, with a four-way CNN/

ORC poll of likely voters showing

him ahead by 2 points, 45 to 43, and

a Reuters/IPSOS poll finding him with a 1-point lead—a 9-point

swing in just two weeks Clinton still holds an advantage in the

swing states, however: In RealClearPolitics’s four-way averages,

she’s ahead in nine of the 11 key battleground races, including

Pennsylvania (by 6 points), Florida (2 points), and Ohio (3 points)

Trump’s campaign manager, Kellyanne Conway, said the tightening

of national polls showed that voters were disturbed by revelations

regarding the former secretary of state’s private email server and

the overlap of her official duties at State and her role at the Clinton

Foundation “Hillary Clinton is having a hard time being accepted

as a truthful and honest candidate,” she said

Both campaigns had eventful weeks Trump received mixed reviews

for refusing to significantly soften his hard-line stance on

immigra-tion (see Controversy), while Clinton came under further scrutiny

after the FBI released a trove of documents from its probe into her

home email server (see opposite page) Labor Day also marked the

official start of the battle to control Congress Although the GOP is

widely expected to retain control of the House, Democrats need to

gain only five Senate seats to reclaim the upper chamber The

clos-est races will likely be in Indiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, Pennsylvania,

and New Hampshire

What the editorials said

Labor Day is when most Americans start to “get down to the

seri-ous business of choosing a president,” said The Washington Times

Clinton’s poll slump suggests Trump’s “bluntly stated message”—

secure our borders, put America first, and rebuild the economy—is

“resonating with a growing number of

voters.” Previously skeptical

Republi-cans are becoming “more comfortable”

with Trump as their nominee, despite

his many blunders, while questions over

Clinton’s greed and trustworthiness are

gathering “relevance and momentum.”

Conservatives, Trump “does not deserve

your vote,” said The Dallas Morning

News This newspaper has not endorsed

a Democrat for 75 years, but “Trump

is no Republican and certainly no

con-servative,” and “is not qualified to serve

as president.” He doesn’t believe in free

markets and individual liberty, and has

an “authoritarian streak” that should

“horrify limited-government

advo-cates.” His foreign policy is incoherent,

and includes proposals to cozy up

to Russian dictator Vladimir Putin and abandon our NATO allies Clinton “has made mistakes and displayed bad judgment,” but she

is the only “serious candidate on the presidential ballot.”

Trump is betting “we are all

chumps,” said The Washington

Post How else to explain his

assumption he can win “without sharing basic information?” He has refused to release his health records, his tax returns, or virtu-ally any detailed policy proposals—even though he would be the oldest president ever elected, has based his entire campaign on his business success, and has no record in public office He’s taking the American people for “fools.”

What the columnists said

I’m getting a “sick, sinking feeling” about this election, said Paul

Krugman in The New York Times In their desperation to appear

neutral, major media organizations are paying “remarkably little attention” to Trump’s many scandals, yet insist anything Clinton does—especially concerning the Clinton Foundation—“must be corrupt.” Note to journalists: Criticism of Trump doesn’t have to

be balanced out by unfairly suggesting that his opponent is equally

awful Actually, reporters are just doing their jobs, said Glenn

Greenwald in TheIntercept.com Only “Democrat partisans” see

nothing fishy about the Clintons’ “pioneering merger of sive private wealth and political power.” Just because Trump is a

mas-“bigotry-exploiting demagogue” doesn’t entitle Clinton to “waltz into the Oval Office free of aggressive journalistic scrutiny.”

“To listen to conventional wisdom, Clinton practically cannot lose

the presidential election,” said Douglas Schoen in The Wall Street

Journal Yet Trump is “ahead, tied, or trailing but within the

mar-gin of error” in almost all the most recent polls The race is ing not because he’s become a stronger candidate, but because Clinton is becoming less and less popular—her favorability levels have dropped to record lows “Hillary could be blowing it,” said

tighten-Glenn Thrush in Politico.com She has made her campaign almost

exclusively about Trump’s unfitness for the White House, but hasn’t connected

to voters in a personal way or made a positive, uplifting case for why voters should support her Attacking Trump

“is not enough.”

Clinton remains the big favorite to

win this election, said Nate Silver in

FiveThirtyEight.com But Democrats

are “seriously mistaken” if they think her leads in the swing states will

“protect her in the Electoral College.” State polls have basically “ebbed and flowed with her national numbers.” If the race continues to tighten nation-ally, her leads in the swing states will evaporate—and Clinton could be in

After Labor Day, more Americans pay attention to the campaign

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

The main stories

4 NEWS

Clinton’s narrowing lead over Trump

Illustration by Howard McWilliam Cover photos from Newscom, Getty, Newscom

What next?

Both candidates have serious work to do, said

Adam Nagourney in The New York Times Trump

needs to focus all his attention and attacks on Clinton and resist the urge to “double down”

when criticized for saying something offensive

As for Clinton, she has to avoid complacency, and work hard to regain the public’s trust The presidential debates will also be crucial (see Talking Points) With both candidates so widely disliked, this contest has “a volatility rarely seen

at this stage of a campaign.” As many as cent of voters remain undecided in some polls,

10 per-said Steven Shepard in Politico.com, and others

are leaning toward third-party candidates That means this race “is likely to be a roller-coaster ride” right up to Nov. 8

What happened

Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton faced

renewe d scrutiny of her judgment and honesty this week,

af-ter the FBI released a detailed report on its investigation into

her use of private email as secretary of state The heavily

redacted 58-page report—which includes notes from

Clinton’s interview with investigators— reinforced FBI

director James Comey’s assertion that Clinton and

her staff were “extremely careless” with sensitive

information It revealed that Clinton told

investi-gators that she considered emails about planned

drone strikes “routine,” and that she didn’t

realize emails marked “(C)” were confi dential,

assuming the letter merely signifi ed an

alphabet-izing system At least 39 times in her FBI interview,

Clinton she said she couldn’t recall specifi c email exchanges, and

partly blamed a concussion and a blood clot in her head she

suf-fered in late 2012 The report noted that a contractor deleted an

ar-chive of her emails after having an “oh s t” moment, having been

instructed by Clinton aides months earlier to permanently destroy

the emails The deletion came three weeks after House lawmakers

demanded that all of Clinton’s emails be saved Meanwhile, many

of the devices used by the former secretary of state— including

11 BlackBerrys, and several iPads and phones—have gone missing;

one aide told agents he destroyed two Clinton smartphones by

“hit-ting them with a hammer.”

Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump pounced on

the report, saying, “After reading these documents, I really don’t

understand how she was able to get away from prosecution.”

Clin-ton’s campaign said it was “pleased” by the report’s release, saying

it showed why the Justice Department had cleared the former

secretary of state of any wrongdoing

What the columnists said

This report is “an almost complete exoneration of Clinton,” said

Kevin Drum in MotherJones.com Granted there are “bits and

pieces that might show poor judgment on Hillary’s part,” especially

the initial decision to use private email But it wasn’t prohibited and

her predecessors at State had used similar setups—documents show

that Colin Powell did in fact advise Clinton to use private email to

avoid having all her communications become public records At

bottom, “there’s remarkably little here.”

“Yet soldiers and sailors are routinely prosecuted and

pun-ished for equivalent or even lesser acts,” said David French in

National Review.com You can believe that it was a

coinci-dence that Clinton’s emails were wiped away just weeks after she received a subpoena from the House committee investigating the Benghazi attacks, or that she maintained her private server for “convenience” and not to evade scrutiny But the fact remains that she kept clas-sifi ed information on an unclassifi ed system that was less secure than Gmail, and that “her behav-ior contains the elements of a federal crime.” Trump routinely criticizes Clinton for lacking

“the mental and physical stamina” needed to be president—an attack her supporters have called

sexist and insulting, said Mark Hemingway in WeeklyStandard

.com But whether Trump had good reason to launch such a line of

attack is now irrelevant, because Clinton herself has told the FBI that a concussion and a blood clot impaired her ability to remem-ber vital government business Or perhaps she was just “using her health problems as a convenient excuse to explain her illegal actions.” Either way, it’s doubtful she’s fi t for the presidency.Clinton has been stereotyped as “a conniving politician who will

do what it takes to obtain power,” said Jeff Stein in Vox.com But

the inquiry “points to just the opposite conclusion.” It suggests she didn’t grasp the dangers of a “homebrew server and didn’t sweat the details about what happened to discarded BlackBerrys” and other minutiae—she was, after all, busy running U.S foreign policy In other words, “Clinton wasn’t a tech-savvy manipulator

of State Department protocol who gamed the system for her own good She barely understood what the protocol was.”

The real scandal is that “Clinton was allowed to spend her four

years as secretary of state off the grid,” said William McGurn in

The Wall Street Journal “No one in government stopped her”

from doing as she pleased, including mixing State Department and Clinton Foundation business When IT offi cers expressed security concerns about the server, her aides warned them never to speak

of it again Then Comey took the rare step of publicly squelching prosecution, pre-empting the Justice Department—whose job it is

to indict or not—“and any hope for accountability.” No wonder voters think the system is rigged

Unable to escape her server woes

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

Clinton on the defense after FBI email report

It wasn’t all bad Q Robert Morin worked for nearly 50 years at the University

of New Hampshire’s library, where his colleagues knew him

as a frugal man He drove a ’92 Plymouth, rarely bought new clothes or went out, and ate frozen dinners His coworkers finally discovered what Morin, who died last year at 77, had been doing with his money when the university last week

announced that the librarian had left his estate—all $4 million

of it—to the school

Morin’s life savings will now be used to fund scholarships and renovations “The feel- ing around here,” said school spokeswoman Erika Mantz, “has been just kind of awe.”



QIn 1936, Elisabeth Davis took a job as a secretary at Culver Acad-emies, a prep school in Indiana She liked the work so much that, eight decades later, she’s still there The 99-year-old recently marked her 80th anniversary at Culver, where she is in charge of faculty members’ personnel files The great-grandmother of five uses old-fashioned penmanshi p and a typewriter to complete her tasks “I never had a computer,” she says “Why should I learn all that technology?” Davis doesn’t think she’ll stop working anytime soon “If there comes a time, I will But I don’t feel like retiring.”



QAshton White just kicked a hole

in the glass ceiling The

seventh-grader from Wicksburg, Ala.,

recently made her debut as kicker

on her high school’s otherwise

all-male football team Ashton started

playing with the Panthers after

their coach, Josh Cox, noticed her

powerful punt on the soccer field

In this season’s opening game

against Geneva County, she kicked

six of seven extra points, helping

her team to a 56-26 win Ashton

says she’s determined to raise her

game even higher “I want to make

a 40-yarder by 10th grade.” Morin and the library he loved

Controversy of the week

6 NEWS

So much for the “pivot,” said Eugene Robinson in The

Washington Post After Donald Trump’s visit to Mexico last week,

where he did “his best to sound sober and statesmanlike” in

a meeting with President Enrique Peña Nieto, it looked

as though Trump’s promised “softening” on

immigra-tion had finally arrived Later that day, however, the

old Trump resurfaced with a vengeance in Phoenix

At a raucous rally for supporters, the GOP nominee

reiterated his pledge that our southern border will

be secured by an “impenetrable, physical, tall,

pow-erful, beautiful” wall, while also promising to hire

5,000 new border patrol agents and create a “special

deportation task force.” On “day one” of his

presi-dency, Trump shouted, his administration will start

deporting illegal immigrants who have committed crimes in this

country—a number Trump wildly inflated to 2 million Once these

“criminal aliens” are gone, as well as an estimated 4.5 million who

have outstayed their visas, Trump will apparently turn his

atten-tion to the remaining 6 million illegal immigrants, who may or

may not be given a path to legalization

Trump’s Phoenix speech sounded “threatening,” said Rich Lowry

in Politico.com, but “beneath the bombast” this was actually one

of the more substantive and sensible speeches on immigration

we’ve ever heard from a presidential nominee Prioritizing border

security and the deportation of criminal aliens makes a lot of sense,

as does Trump’s insistence that U.S immigration policy serve the

interests of America and its workers, not the welfare of foreigners

Trump’s earlier promises to deport all 11.5 million illegal

immi-grants were never more than fantasy, said Charles Krauthammer

in The Washington Post Out of political necessity, he has found

his way to “the only immigration solution” that makes any sense:

Secure the borders first, aggressively enforce current immigration

law to get rid of the bad guys, and only then offer legalization to those who meet our terms

You’re trying to make Trump sound reasonable,

said Timothy Egan in NYTimes.com His speech was

actually one of “the darkest visions of the American experience that any major-party nominee has ever given.” Trump not only denigrated and threatened the

“lawn cutters, Sheetrock hangers, fruit pickers, or nies we see in every community,” he called for cutting

nan-back on legal immigration, admitting only those who

meet his standards for “merit, skill, and proficiency.” That would have ruled out most of the Irish, Italian, Scandinavian, and Jewish immigrants who came to the U.S over the past 150 years out of desperation and hope for a better life During his trip to Mexico, Trump proved he’s “a cow-

ard,” said Peter Beinart in TheAtlantic.com What kind of

straight-talking tough guy calls Mexicans “terrific” and showers them with compliments when he’s within their borders, then breaks out the harsh rhetoric the minute he’s safely back in the U.S.?

That’s the behavior of a candidate with “a fatal flaw,” said John

Fund in NationalReview.com When Trump first announced he

was “softening” his harsh immigration stance and flew to Mexico

to meet with Peña Nieto, it made Democrats very nervous Would

he finally give wavering, Republican-leaning centrist voters the assurances they need to take a chance on Trump? But then at the rally in Arizona, he couldn’t help but throw “red meat” to his angry, roaring acolytes With a golden opportunity to show he can

be presidential, Trump decided he’d rather look tough and strong, which he thinks means belligerent and bigoted “If Donald Trump loses in November, it will be because he simply lacks the self- discipline to reach voters beyond his base.”

Only in America



QAn Indiana school district

has proposed eliminating

naming a valedictorian

be-cause it promotes “unhealthy

competition” among students

Greater Clark School District

superintendent Andrew Melin

said students seeking the

hon-or often choose classes that

will boost their GPA To avoid

that, he wants to honor the top

10 percent of all graduates



QCalifornia State University,

Los Angeles is now

offer-ing segregated housoffer-ing for

African-American students

so they can avoid “racially

insensitive remarks” and other

“microaggressions.” The new

“black living” community is

being created in response to

the Black Students Union’s

demand for a “safe space.” A

growing number of colleges,

including the University of

California, Berkeley, are

set-ting aside special housing for

students of color

Zika bill fails again

in Congress

As Congress returned from

a seven-week recess, Senate Democrats this week blocked

a $1.1 billion emergency ing bill to fight the Zika virus, citing provisions that Republi-cans had attached that would cut funding for Planned Parenthood Lawmakers have been under pressure

fund-to address the spread of the mosquito-borne virus, which can cause devastating birth defects Mosquitoes carry-ing the virus have already infected at least 56 people in southern Florida Health of-ficials say they are concerned that the virus could continue

to spread in the southeastern U.S., where peak mosquito season does not end until November Lawmakers now expect the anti-Zika funding

to become part of stopgap measures that Congress must pass by Sept 30 to avoid a government shutdown

coun-try’s first entirely gluten-free campus cafeteria, because officials didn’t want students with celiac disease to feel “singled out.”

Renaissance painter Michelangelo secretly included dozens of den images of female reproductive organs and pagan fertility sym-bols in painting the Sistine Chapel, to show his irritation with the Catholic Church’s male-dominated culture

Gutierrez inspired widespread hilarity by warning that if the border isn’t walled off, “you’re gonna have taco trucks on every corner.”

That would require 3.2 million taco trucks, The Washington Post

estimated, or about 300 times the number of Starbucks stores

matches in its Syrian stronghold because they uphold the rules of FIFA and not sharia

deliberately destroyed an iconic sandstone formation known as the Duckbill, telling a witness their friend had recently broken his leg climbing on it and that it was “a safety hazard.”

that by the year 2050 humans will be having sex with cyborgs—

and may prefer them to other humans “Sexbots would always

be available and could never say no,” said researcher Joel Snell of Kirkwood College “Robotic sex may become addictive.”

Good week for:

Bad week for:

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

A tale of two cities

The U.S at a glance NEWS 7

Tallahassee, Fla

Trump’s pay-to-play? Donald Trump defended himself this week against politi-cal pay-to-play allegations, denying there was anything

improper about

a $25,000 gift to

a political group linked to Florida Attorney General Pam Bondi, who was at the time consider-ing whether to open a fraud investigation against Trump University The 2013 donation, made by the Donald J Trump Foundation, vio-lated federal rules that prohibit charities from donating to political candidates; Trump failed to disclose the gift to the IRS, reporting that the money had been given to an unrelated group with a similar name, a misattribution Trump blamed

on a clerical error Trump paid the IRS

a $2,500 penalty this year after reports about the donation surfaced Bondi has said that she personally solicited a dona-tion from the GOP presidential candidate, but Trump insisted that the two never spoke about the fraud investigation, which Bondi’s office ultimately dropped

Xenia, Ohio

Brock Turner released: The ex–Stanford University swimmer whose relatively light sentence for sexually assaulting an unconscious woman on campus drew national outrage was released from jail last week, after serving half of his six-month term Following his early release for good behavior from California’s Santa Clara County Jail, Brock Turner,

21, was registered as a sex offender at the sheriff’s office near his parents’ Ohio home He is now under three years of supervised probation Turner was found guilty in March of three felony accounts stemming from the January 2015 sexual assault A prosecutor argued that he should serve six years; Judge Aaron Persky opted for county jail time and probation, citing Turner’s show of “sin-cere remorse” and the “severe impact”

a state prison term would have on the young athlete Persky is currently the subject of a recall effort

Minneapolis

Cold case closed: A 27-year-old cold case

that led to the creation of a national sex

offenders registry was finally solved this

week, after a man led police

to the body

of 11-year-old Jacob Wet ter-ling Danny Hein rich, 53, later admit-ted in court to abducting, sex-ually assault-ing, and murdering the boy Jacob was

cycling home from a video store in 1989

with his younger brother and a friend

when they were stopped by a masked

gunman The man ordered the other two

boys to run; Jacob was never seen again

Heinrich was one of the first people

questioned in Jacob’s disappearance,

and last October was arrested on

child pornography charges He

agreed to lead police to Jacob’s

body as part of a plea deal

allowing him to avoid state

murder charges He instead

pleaded guilty to child

por-nography charges and faces up

to 20 years in prison In 1994,

Congress passed a law named

after Jacob that requires states

to establish sex offender registries

New York City

Fox settles with Carlson: Fox News moved this week to put an end to the sexual harassment scan-

dal that has plunged the company into turmoil, agreeing to pay former anchor Gretchen Carlson

$20 million to settle her lawsuit against ex-CEO Roger Ailes The company apologized in

a statement “for the fact that Gretchen was not treated with the respect and dignity that she and all of our col-leagues deserve.” Although Carlson, 50, did not name Fox as a defendant in her suit against Ailes, 76, whom she accused

of sabotaging her career for rebuffing his sexual advances, Fox’s parent company will bear the entire cost of the settlement Ailes, who denies all of the allegations against him, received a $40 mil-lion severance package when

he resigned in July During a Fox-commissioned investiga-tion following Carlson’s suit, at least 20 women at the company reportedly came forward to make allegations that they had been sexually harassed by Ailes

Pawnee, Okla

Fracking quake: Oklahoma state

regula-tors shut down more than three dozen

oil and gas wastewater disposal wells this week, after

a record magnitude- 5.8 earth-quake shook the state

Officials declared a state of emergency

in the small town of Pawnee, roughly

55 miles northwest of Tulsa and near

the quake’s epicenter Although some

buildings were damaged by the temblor,

which was felt as far away as Texas and

Illinois, no serious injuries were reported

Oklahoma has experienced a sharp

uptick in seismic activity in recent years;

there were 890 earthquakes measuring

3.0 or higher in the state last year, up

from just two in 2008, before the state’s

fracking boom Scientists say that the

hydraulic fracturing industry’s method of

disposing of wastewater— injecting it into

ultradeep disposal wells—could be

caus-ing the quakes

Washington, D.C

Georgetown’s slavery apology: town Uni ver sity, the oldest Catholic institution of higher learning in the U.S., pledged last week to atone for its histori-cal role in the slave trade, and extended preferential admissions consideration to the descendants of more than 270 slaves that the university sold in 1838

George-University President John DeGioia said Georgetown would offer a formal apol-ogy for its actions, form an institute for the study of slavery, and erect a public memorial to the slaves whose labor ben-efited the institution Founded by Jesuit priests in 1789, the college relied for decades on plantations in Maryland to finance its operations The 1838 sale of

272 men, women, and children generated

$115,000, or the equivalent of $3.3 lion today; many of those slaves were sent to Louisiana plantations The “origi-nal evil that shaped the early years of the republic was present here,” DeGioia said “We must acknowledge it.”

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

The world at a glance

8 NEWS

Oslo

King defends immigrants: Norway’s King Harald V sought to counter rising anti- immigrant rhetoric in the country this week with an impassioned speech defending the diversity of Norwegian society “Norwegians are girls who love girls, boys who love boys, and girls and boys who love each other,” said Harald, 79 “Norwegians believe in God, Allah, the universe, and nothing.” He noted that his own grandparents arrived in the country a century ago from Denmark and England “We are—despite our differences—one people.” Norway’s center-right government attempted to deport many asylum seekers earlier this year, after thousands of Syrians crossed into the country from Russia on bicycles

Rio de Janeiro

Legalizing gambling: Eager to raise tax revenues, Brazilian

law-makers are working on a plan to legalize gambling, 70 years after

all casinos in the country were shut down Illegal gambling is a

$6.3 billion industry in Brazil, and legislators want to tap that

rev-enue as the nation suffers its most severe economic downturn since

the 1930s “It would be one of the most significant events in

gam-ing history if Brazil opens up to the gamblgam-ing sector,” said William

Hill, one of the U.K.’s largest firms of bookmakers Critics say casinos will fuel corruption and money launder-ing, particularly in politics—more than half of Brazil’s lawmakers are under investigation for various kick-back schemes But President Michel Temer, who took office officially last week after his predecessor, Dilma Rousseff, was impeached, has shown support for legalization

Montevideo, Uruguay

Gitmo protest: Former Guantánamo Bay detainee Abu Wa’el Dhiab has gone on a hunger strike to protest conditions of his resettlement in Uruguay Dhiab, 44, had run a food-importing business based in Kabul before he was arrested in Pakistan in

2002 on suspicion of ties to al Qaida The Syrian national was transferred to the U.S prison camp in Guantánamo but was never charged with any crime, and after many hunger strikes, during which he was force-fed, the U.S released him to Uruguay

in 2014 on condition that he stay in that country Dhiab violated those terms by going to Venezuela earlier this year, trying to make arrangements to reunite with his family in Turkey, but he was deported back to Uruguay Dhiab and the five other ex-detainees resettled there say they aren’t getting enough financial support and are isolated without their families

Mexico City

Answering Trump: Mexico may consider revoking a series of

bilat-eral treaties with the U.S if Donald Trump is elected president and

pulls America out of NAFTA Opposition lawmaker Sen Armando

Ríos Piter has proposed a bill that would let Mexico impound

U.S.-bound funds if a President Trump were to seize remittances from

Mexicans in the U.S to pay for his planned border wall The

leg-islation also states that Mexico could cancel treaties, including the

1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which transferred to the U.S

the territory covering all of Texas, California, Nevada, and Utah,

and parts of New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Wyoming

“This is the first step toward establishing a public policy about how

Mexico should react in the face of a threat,” Ríos Piter said

Amiens, France

Face transplant death: Isabelle Dinoire, the Frenchwoman who

received the world’s first partial face transplant, has died of cancer

at age 49 Dinoire suffered terrible injuries during a 2005 suicide

attempt, when she took an overdose of sleeping

pills and her dog tried to revive her by gnawing at

her face That year, she was given a new nose, lips,

and chin from a brain-dead donor, but the

immuno-suppressant drugs she took to stop her body from

rejecting the transplant left her especially vulnerable

to cancer Dinoire’s immune system nearly rejected

the transplant twice, and she struggled to accept the

look of her new face “It’s not [the donor’s], it’s not

mine, it’s somebody else’s,” she said

London

Extremist imam jailed: Radical Muslim cleric Anjem Choudary, a thorn in the side of British authorities for decades, has been sentenced to 5½ years in jail for encouraging support of ISIS in a series of inflammatory YouTube lec-tures Choudary, 49, was a leader of al-Muhajiroun, a now banned Islamist group that police suspected was the driving force behind the 2005 London bombings, which killed

52 people One of the two men who hacked British soldier Lee

Rigby to death in London in 2013 had attended protests organized

by Choudary Scotland Yard counterterrorism head Dean Haydon

said the hate preacher had spent years “as spokesman for the

extremists, saying the most distasteful of comments but without

crossing the criminal threshold”—until he began praising ISIS

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

Dinoire in 2006

An illegal lottery ticket

The world at a glance NEWS 9

Rome

More babies, please: Italy is holding its first Fertility Day this

month, encouraging citizens to make more babies, but the

govern-ment has yanked its advertising campaign for the event after

wide-spread accusations of sexism Italians on social media said the ads

blame women for the country’s low birth

rate and seek to shame them into

pro-creating One poster, showing a woman

holding up a rapidly draining hourglass,

says “Beauty has no age But fertility

does.” Many commenters said it reminded

them of the propaganda of fascist dictator

Benito Mussolini, who exhorted women

to have many children for the fatherland

Italy’s birth rate stands at an all-time low

of 1.35 children per woman

Libreville, Gabon

Election in question: At least six people have been killed and hundreds arrested in Gabon after riots erupted over claims that the country’s presidential election last month was fixed According

to official results, President Ali Bongo defeated opposition leader Jean Ping by a tiny margin of

some 5,000 votes European Union observers recommended a

recount, saying there was an “obvious anomaly” in Bongo’s home

province, which recorded an implausible 99.93 percent turnout,

with 95 percent of that vote cast for Bongo Nationwide turnout

averaged 59 percent Bongo says he has no authority to order a

recount Justice Minister Séraphin Moundounga resigned over

Bongo’s intransigence, saying he believes the government is not

acting in the country’s best interest

Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan

Nomadic Olympics: The second-ever World Nomad Games opened

in Kyrgyzstan last week, in a ceremony featuring flaming horse riders and actor Steven Seagal—a cult figure in the former Soviet Union—dressed as a Kyrgyz warrior The event is dedicated to the ethnic sports of Central Asia, including archery, wrestling, and competitive yurt building, which is judged on speed and stability Many events take place on horseback,

such as kok-boru, a violent form of

polo using a goat carcass that mounted players must heave up onto the horse

A U.S team made up of cowboys from Wyoming competed in kok-boru this year; they lost all three of their games

“The good thing about the goat is the feast afterwards,” said U.S team cap-tain Creed Garnick “It’s not wasted.”

Hangzhou, China

G20 summit flops: The leaders

of the world’s 20 most powerful countries came together for a summit in Hangzhou this week, but the meeting was marred

by misunderstandings and bursts of pique Host China had shut down factories around Hangzhou and encouraged resi-dents to leave town to ensure blue skies and little traffic for the visiting bigwigs But the event did not go smoothly When President Obama’s plane landed, Chinese security guards got into a shouting match with U.S officials over who should drive the rolling airstairs to the aircraft, forcing Obama to disembark from a little-used exit at the rear of Air Force One

out-“This is our country—this is our airport,” one Chinese cial said

offi-The summit produced few firm results No progress was made on two major trade pacts under discussion China, and the U.S agreed to ratify the United Nations’ Paris climate change accord, which set up a framework for dozens of coun-tries to slash their greenhouse-gas emissions Obama met with Russian President Vladimir Putin for 90 minutes to talk about resolving the conflicts in Syria and Ukraine—where the two powers are backing rival combatants—producing a photo of the two men locking eyes in an icy stare Obama said after-ward that “gaps of trust” had prevented any breakthrough Nor was any progress made on the status of the South China Sea, where China is laying claim to islands also claimed by five of its U.S.-allied neighbors

Vientiane, Laos

Obama pledges aid: President Obama promised $90 million in aid

to Laos this week to clear unexploded ordnance left behind from

a covert U.S bombing campaign during the Vietnam War “Given our history here, I believe that the United States has a moral obli-gation to help Laos heal,” Obama said during a visit to the coun-try, the first by a sitting U.S president The CIA led the bombing campaign, which from 1964 to 1973 saw more than 2 million tons of explosives dropped on Laotian villages and suspected North Vietnamese supply routes That is more than “we dropped

on Germany and Japan, combined, in all of World War II,” said Obama Some 80 million cluster bombs failed to detonate, and lie scattered across Laotian fields and forests; the bombs have killed some 20,000 Laotians over the years

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

An injured Ping supporter

Putin and Obama: Glare-off

Polo, but with a dead goat Shaming the childless?

10 NEWS

Quincy’s gangster roots

Quincy Jones has had some wild experiences

during his long life, said Stephen Smith in The Guardian (U.K.) The legendary music producer,

83, has played Vegas with Frank Sinatra, tioned on David Bowie’s yacht, and, as the son

vaca-of a carpenter employed by the Chicago mob, hung out with some of the city’s most notorious gangsters “All I saw were dead bodies, tommy guns and stogies, and piles of money in back rooms,” Jones says

“I had my hand nailed to a fence with a switchblade when I was 7

When you’re a kid, you want to be what you see, and I wanted to

be a gangster till I was 11.” But then Jones discovered music, and

went on to produce some of the industry’s biggest hits—notably

Michael Jackson’s Thriller Jones spent a lot of time with Jackson,

who would come to the studio with chimpanzees, parrots, and

his snake, Muscles “I didn’t like that The snake used to wrap

itself around my leg Man, I didn’t like that at all It would crawl

across the console One day I said, ‘Where’s Muscles?’ and we went

downstairs and Muscles was in the parrot cage He had just eaten

the parrot and his head got stuck in the bars of the cage.”

The man who created Burning Man

Thirty years ago, Larry Harvey and some friends gathered round a

burning wooden figure at an impromptu party on San Francisco’s

Baker Beach, said Tim Bradshaw in the Financial Times That

spontaneous gathering has gradually morphed into Burning Man,

a festival in the Nevada desert where over 70,000 ravers and

hedo-nists congregate to put on experimental performance art, ingest

mind-altering substances, and party In honor of the original event,

on the Saturday night of the festival the revelers come together to

witness the symbolic burning of the effigy, known as “the Man.”

Harvey, who remains the festival’s “chief philosophic officer,” says

the burning has a real cathartic impact “Everyone feels like they’re

one with everyone else That’s called transcendence.” Despite his

unorthodox views, Harvey sees the “safe space” ideals of today’s

college-age leftists as contrary to Burning Man’s exploratory ethos

“Have you noticed what’s happening with student politics now?

It’s all hugging one another and receding into cuddle puddles.” Nor

is he perturbed by the growing number of Burners who complain

the event is being taken over by rich Silicon Valley nerds—some of

whom spend up to $20,000 for a VIP spot in the desert “We’re

not the Occupy movement,” he says “Civilization and commerce

have always gone hand in hand We’re an international city, for

God’s sake You don’t whistle that up out of nothing.”

Lionel Shriver is out of sync with the rest of the world, said Alex

Clark in The Guardian (U.K.) The American novelist, who now

lives in London, likes to write from the afternoon until 10 p.m., then go for a run through the empty streets of the city, have sup-per after midnight, and go to bed around 4 a.m “The main prob-lem with this routine,” says Shriver, “is all these people who want

to do things in the morning.” Lunch invitations are “a catastrophe

I have a rule against lunch, and I break that rule maybe once or twice a year, only for professional emergencies.” She tries to fend off other early birds, with mixed success “U.K tradesmen

in particular have a thing about showing up at 8 a.m.; they like

to get their work done super early and knock off at 2 in the noon.” The rest of the working world is shocked to find her still asleep in the middle of the day, assuming it means she’s indolent

after-“The disapproval is unbelievable Even from delivery people If I scramble into my robe and hustle downstairs at 10:30 a.m.—and they probably got up at 5—the contempt drips off them I have

to stop myself from saying, ‘You don’t understand, I’m not some layabout I actually have a job I just keep different hours.’”

QThe lawyer for Chris Brown says the

al-legations that led to the rapper’s arrest

last week were “not just false, but

fab-ricated.” Model Baylee Curran, 25, said

she was visiting Brown’s Tarzana,

Calif., mansion and admiring one

of his friends’ diamond necklaces

when the man allegedly yelled at

her to get away from the jewelry

Brown then entered the room, she

claims, “pulled out his gun and said,

‘I’m getting so sick of you people,’

pointed the gun at me, [and told me] to

get the f - out.” Curran left and called

911; police arrived and surrounded

the house, where Brown remained

for some 14 hours while authorities

secured a search warrant Brown’s attorney, Mark Geragos, says “nothing was found that corroborated [Curran’s] statement”—includ-ing any “gun or guns.” Geragos released a text Curran allegedly sent to a friend shortly before she called the police, in which she calls Brown a “freak” and says, “I’m going to set him up and call the cops and say he tried

to shoot me.” Released on a $250,000 bond, Brown, 27, is due to be arraigned on assault charges on Sept 20



item The singers seemed to confirm their rumored romance this week by getting inked with matching tattoos depicting a camou-flage shark—his on the forearm, hers on the ankle—likely representing a stuffed toy Drake gave Rihanna last month Longtime friends and collaborators, the couple ramped

up speculation about their relationship

at last week’s MTV Video Music Awards, where Drake, 29, introduced Rihanna, 28, as

“someone I’ve been in love with since I was

22 years old.” Days later the couple kissed onstage at his concert in Miami “If it was

up to him,” an insider tells Eonline.com, “he

would marry her tomorrow.”



Minnesota rehab facility for an alcohol

prob-lem The former Saturday Night Live star,

72, entered Hazelden Addiction Treatment Center in Minnesota for what his publicist,

Heidi Schaeffer, calls “a tune-up,” TMZ.com

reports Chase has struggled with substance issues throughout his career He has two

movie projects due out, The Christmas Apprentice, just wrapped, and Dog Years,

currently being filmed with Burt Reynolds

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

What’s Duterte doing?

Since he took office at the end of

June, President Rodrigo Duterte has

unleashed the police and vigilante hit

squads against suspected drug

deal-ers “My order is shoot to kill you,” he

said “I don’t care about human rights,

you’d better believe me.” In just two

months, more than 1,900 people have

been summarily executed in the streets

Most of them were suspected low-level

drug dealers, but some were bystanders

caught in the crossfire; the youngest was

a 5-year-old Duterte, 71, has not only

thumbed his nose at the Philippines’ rule

of law, he has also threatened those who

criticize his tactics He’s fired thousands

of government workers, saying they were

all corrupt, and pledged to fill the jobs

with his own loyalists He has already insulted the U.S

ambas-sador, and warned President Obama not to question the wave of

killings, adding, “Son of a bitch, I will swear at you.” As a result,

Obama cancelled a meeting with Duterte planned for this week

How did he come to power?

For 22 years, he was mayor of Davao City, in Mindanao, a

Philippine island plagued by a long-running Islamic insurgency A

trash-talking populist who says he hates career politicians, Duterte

was known in Davao City for his blatant womanizing, and for

his success in fighting crime When he took office in 1988, Davao

was the murder capital of the Philippines, but now it is one of the

country’s safer cities He accomplished that feat by living up to his

nickname, “The Punisher.” Death squads loosely aligned with city

authorities roamed the streets on

bicy-cles, shooting suspected drug dealers on

sight Hundreds of people were killed,

but the crime rate dropped, and Duterte

was elected seven times

How did he become president?

The campaign this spring was bitter

Outgoing President Benigno Aquino,

who had presided over five years of

economic growth, endorsed

Wharton-educated investment banker Manuel

Roxas to succeed him But Duterte

painted the little-known Roxas as part

of the corrupt establishment and said

that the Philippines under Aquino

was becoming a “narco state.” He

pointed to evidence that Mexico’s

fearsome Sinaloa cartel was using the

Philippines as a transit shipment point,

and bemoaned his country’s rampant

abuse of methamphetamines, marketed

there mixed with caffeine and known as

shabu The drug has devastated many

Manila neighborhoods, where some of

the local police are in the pay of drug

gangs An alarmed Aquino told voters to

“remember how Hitler came to power.”

But Duterte won a five-way race in a landslide, with nearly 40 percent of the votes to Roxas’ 23 percent

How are people responding?

The most recent poll—showing a

91 percent approval rating—was pleted just a week after he took office,

com-so it doesn’t reflect the wave of killings that followed But anecdotal evidence indicates that Duterte’s kill-them-all strategy is both effective and popu-lar Fearing for their lives, more than half a million suspected drug dealers and users have surrendered to police

in the past few weeks The political mainstream, though, is horrified by the street shootings “This is like anarchy,” said Sen Antonio Trillanes

What is his policy toward the U.S.?

Duterte resents the Philippines’ history as a former U.S colony, occupied from 1898 to 1946 (See box.) A self-described socialist,

he wears his anti-Americanism like a badge of honor, pointedly meeting with envoys from Japan and China before those from the U.S He called U.S Ambassador Philip Goldberg “this gay ambas-sador, son of a whore” after Goldberg criticized him for his recent comments on the rape and murder of an Australian missionary, which occurred while Duterte was mayor of Davao “I was angry because she was raped, that’s one thing,” Duterte had said “But she was so beautiful, the mayor should have been first What

a waste.” He has brushed aside U.S criticism of the killings on his watch, saying, “Why are you Americans killing black people

there, shooting them down when they are already on the ground?”

Will he abandon the alliance?

No Duterte has said he wants closer economic ties with China, the coun-try’s second-largest trading partner, after Japan and before the U.S Yet the U.S is still the Philippines’ larg-est source of foreign investment, and Duterte doesn’t want to jeopardize that inflow He has also conceded that the U.S is his country’s only major military ally—at a time when China

is pressing claims to islands in the South China Sea that the Philippines considers its own Last month, Duterte said he would abide by a defense pact signed by his predecessor that allows U.S forces to operate from Philippine territory But he’s also made it clear

he doesn’t feel that he owes the U.S anything in return for its military pro-tection “I am no American puppet,”

he said this week “I am the president

of a sovereign country, and I am not answerable to anyone except the Filipino people.”

Duterte: ‘I don’t care about human rights.’

The Philippines’ populist strongman

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

President Rodrigo Duterte has encouraged a wave of vigilante killings across his nation Why is he so popular?

How Duterte’s resentment started

Duterte has said he still feels “hatred” for the U.S for a 2002 incident in Davao, while he was mayor An American treasure hunter named Michael Meiring, who sometimes joked he was with the CIA, was charged with possession of explosives after a metal box in his hotel room blew up, tearing one of his legs off Philippine officials said FBI officials snatched Meiring from the hospital in the night and flew him out of the country Duterte was furious, saying Meiring was a criminal suspect, possibly a spy or a terrorist, and that the U.S had no right to vio-late Philippine sovereignty by removing him

Meiring had frequently traveled to areas where Islamic separatists were active, possibly as part

of a U.S campaign against the Abu Sayyaf, a rebel gang of kidnappers operating from the jungle that recently swore allegiance to ISIS In the Philippines, it’s widely believed Meiring was conducting bombings that could be blamed on the rebel group, to increase pressure on the Philippine government to permit greater U.S

involvement Meiring died in 2012 without ever explaining why he was in the Philippines and carrying a bomb

Best columns: The U.S

“He even remembered to grab the fish he had caught.”



QTom Hiddleston and Taylor Swift have broken up, after the British actor insisted that she stop treat-ing him “like a glorified escort,”

said RadarOnline com Hiddleston,

35, grew sick of ing all over the world

fly-to appear at the pop star’s side in paparazzi-friendly public dis-plays of affection, which Swift, 26, meti cu lously choreo-graphed But a source said his complaints “infuri-ated” Swift, who thinks Hiddleston should be grateful for all the “free press” he received



QA Chinese college is rationing restroom water to stop students from getting flush-happy when they go

to the toilet Each student at Kunming Health Vocational College will be assigned 650 gallons of water per month

on a preloaded card that must be swiped before flush-ing on campus If they go over the quota, they’ll have

to pay charges The goal is to cut down on water wastage, but some students worry the quota could have a nasty side effect “Won’t this en-courage students not to flush the toilet?” asked one critic

It must be true

I read it in the tabloids

Is the Trump movement here to stay? asked Jonathan Tobin If the Republican presidential nominee triumphs in November, his unique brand of populist, white-identity nativism could well develop into a formidable force for years to come But if, as many expect, he comes

up short, there’s little to suggest Trumpism has any staying power In recent weeks, “Trump wannabes” have been badly beaten in primary races by establishment Republicans, including Sen Marco Rubio in Florida, Arizona Sen John McCain, and House Speaker Paul Ryan in Wisconsin In each race, Trump failed to endorse or work for the can-didates who claimed him as an inspiration, because he’s only concerned with his own success His supporters, in turn, only care about elect-ing Trump The former reality-TV star isn’t running on any coherent, workable platform other Republicans can adopt; instead, he embodies

an attitude—“a primal urge” to “stick it to the powers that be,”

includ-ing the Republican establishment, liberals, and the media Do his porters believe he’ll do everything he says? No They just like how he says it But if the celebrity leader fails in his bid for the White House, his movement will fall apart “Trumpism without Trump is an illusion.”

sup-“I support Israel, which is why I don’t support U.S aid to Israel,” said Jeff Jacoby How is that possible? For decades, the prevailing Zionist view has been that military aid from Washington, which now amounts

to $3.1 billion a year, is “the most tangible manifestation of American support” and a cornerstone of the U.S.-Israel alliance In reality, the Jew-ish state boasts a booming economy and doesn’t need our charity Plus, all that American largesse “comes with strings attached”—and might actually be making Israel weaker The U.S stipulates that Jerusalem must spend 75 percent of each year’s assistance in the U.S., essentially subsidizing American defense contractors instead of bolstering its own thriving arms industry What’s more, numerous Israeli military experts argue that an overreliance on U.S.-made jets and missile systems may be skewing their country’s defense focus toward air power at the expense of ground strategies crucial to fighting terrorists The aid also enables the U.S to exert pressure on Israeli decision making, thus complicating our alliance “Israel is healthy enough to stand on its own two feet, and it should be a matter of pride for it to do so.”

As a scientist who spent decades conducting research on monkeys, said John Gluck, I once believed that “intentionally harming animals” was justified by what we learned But after witnessing the terrible suffering

we inflicted, I now believe animal research is immoral In fact, we need

to examine whether we should stop the research that scientists are still conducting on 70,000 laboratory primates in the U.S In my own work,

we separated young monkeys from their families and others of their kind, putting them in isolated, soundproof cages that were lit 24 hours

a day We then measured “how their potential complex and intellectual lives unraveled” under these awful conditions—in effect, driving them insane As we observed these intelligent primates suffer, I began to see them as individuals with personalities and feelings, not just objects yield-ing data, and “it became harder and harder for me to argue that the importance of my work always outweighed the pain I caused.” Besides, what we learned about animals in cages had limited relevance to mental illness in people In recent decades, we have banned research that causes harm to humans—even if it produces useful information “There is no ethical argument that justifies not doing the same for animals.”

The Boston Globe

“I don’t wish I was a Baby Boomer I don’t pine to be a member of Gener a tion X

I can say this much for sure, though: Being a Millennial is the worst Why?

Because even though many of us are adults now, the world is still talking down to us Millennials

are actually pretty grown-up now Many of us have graduated from college Lots of us are engaged,

married, or expecting a first or second child We might live at home, choose not to get married, or

participate actively in the sharing economy, but none of these decisions means a stunted state of

growth or intellect—just an evolving culture and worldview.”

Jeva Lange in TheWeek.com

Viewpoint

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

Best columns: Europe

GERMANY The populists are on the march, said Hannah Beitzer The Alternative for Germany party, or

AfD, this week shot ahead of Chancellor Angela Merkel’s center-right Christian Democrats in local elections in the eastern state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern The AfD took second place behind the center-left Social Democrats, with the Christian Democrats suffering their worst ever result in the state Pundits tried to rationalize the upset by point-ing to economic factors—the state’s high unemploy-ment and low salaries—but the truth is staring us all in the face This is “a culture war.” Just look

at the slogans on AfD supporters’ banners, such

as “Lying press” and “USA war criminal No 1.” Look at the billboards plastered all over the state, telling people to vote AfD “so that Germany won’t

be destroyed.” This is a rebellion against modern German politics and modern life itself It is anti-American, anti-foreigner, and anti-feminist When AfD leaders talk about “our children,” they mean the white ethnic German children of straight mar-ried couples, “not the children of single mothers and absolutely not refugee children.” They long for the Germany of 50 years ago, “when men were men, women were women, and non-Germans were just guest workers” with no intention of staying

Greece’s creditors are strangling the country,

said Dimokratia This “nightmare of

auster-ity” seems to have no end: The left-wing Syriza government, elected expressly in 2015 to end the vicious cuts, signed a third memorandum with international creditors last year, and those credi-tors’ demands are coming in waves Just when we have barely adapted to eking out some kind of existence, another round of benefit cuts and tax hikes hits pensioners and wage earners alike Our unemployment rate is at nearly 24 percent, the highest in the European Union, and the slump is comparable only to America’s Great Depression

in the 1930s Yet rather than trying to stimulate

growth, the creditors are sucking all life out of the economy—we simply don’t have the money to pay for anything other than food and rent “Families are destroyed” as some desperate Greeks commit suicide and many more “lose all hope.” Pessimism

is, in fact, our only rational position, since even the latest International Monetary Fund report tells us

“that it will be another 44 years before the ployment rate drops to 10 percent.” The report,

unem-of course, fails to mention the IMF’s own role

in bringing this calamity upon us Our creditors

“have sentenced an entire country and its people

to death.” With that strategy, they won’t see much return—and neither will generations of Greeks

The sky did not fall, said Jeremy

Warner in The Daily Telegraph

The dreaded Brexit economic shock

is here, but it has hit Europe, not

the U.K In the buildup to the June

referendum on Britain’s membership

in the European Union,

scaremon-gers in the Remain camp warned

of apocalyptic consequences should

voters choose Leave But now, nearly

three months after Britons opted

to exit the bloc, economic data is

trickling in and the U.K looks to be

“in much better shape than

gener-ally anticipated.” Yes, the pound has

suffered a sharp devaluation But

manufacturing output surged in August—sterling’s depreciation

made our exports more affordable for buyers in the U.S., China,

Europe, and the Middle East—and British consumers spent the

summer on a shopping spree While the British economy sails on

“as if nothing has happened,” Europe’s “continues to stagnate.”

Both France and Italy showed no growth in this year’s second

quarter, and now even the data from Germany is starting to look

grim Voters were right to want out of this failed experiment

“Those who are pleasantly surprised by Brexit’s consequences

should bear in mind that it has not yet happened,” said The

Economist Before the referendum, Prime Minister David

Cam-eron said his government would begin the process of withdrawal

immediately in the case of a Leave vote Instead, he quit and left

the job to his successor, Theresa May, who says the complex

pro-cess of negotiating Britain’s untangling from the bloc won’t start

until 2017 “Bookmakers reckon there is a 40 percent chance that Britain will not leave the EU before 2020.” This delay is bad for the U.K.’s long-term economic health,

as few companies want to invest here while our trade relationships are still in flux Already, “growth

in business credit has markedly slowed,” and “planned investment

is being reined in.” Job growth is now more in low-paid or contract labor, as firms plug gaps without committing to permanent hires And the pain of the real Brexit, of course, is still to come

There is a way to pull back from the EU “that doesn’t knacker the British economy; it just involves breaking many of the prom-

ises made by Vote Leave,” said Stephen Bush in NewStatesman

.com We could maintain untrammeled access to the single

Eu-ropean market—the world’s largest trading bloc—if we agreed

to keep visa-free access to the U.K for European citizens But many Britons voted Leave precisely because they wanted to stop Polish and Romanian job seekers moving to the U.K For now, Prime Minister May favors a “best-of-both-worlds deal” that combines single-market access with controls on EU immigration,

said Jon Henley in The Guardian But such an agreement would

embolden Euroskeptic parties in Germany, France, Italy, and the Netherlands to seek their own exits, and would fatally weaken the EU The deal that Britain wants and the deal the EU is willing

to accept will likely be two very different things

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

United Kingdom: Were Brexit fears overhyped?

Best columns: International NEWS 15

PAKISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

It’s now clear that India is “an enlisted member

of the hegemonic U.S.-led cabal,” said Jalees Hazir For more than half a century, India has boasted about its role in founding the Non-Aligned Movement—a 120-strong group of nations that

is not formally allied with or against any major power bloc But last week, India and the U.S

signed a defense deal that will greatly increase dian access to U.S technology and contact between the two nations’ militaries Coming on the heels of India’s designation as a “major defense partner”

In-of the U.S., the agreement exposes New Delhi’s

“multipolar pretensions” as a lie This public

em-brace of America should help Russia and Iran “see through India’s deceptive engagement with them.”

As for Pakistan, we know what’s in store The new alliance will “speed up the hybrid war against Paki-stan in the garb of ‘stabilizing Afghanistan’ and

‘countering terrorism.’” Assisted by the “puppet government in Afghanistan,” the U.S and India are working to destabilize our borderlands and launch terrorist attacks throughout Pakistan So what will our prime minister, Nawaz Sharif, do about it? So far, he has behaved like a “certified pawn of the empire.” Only Pakistan’s military is “alive to the threat we face” from a U.S.-backed India

Uzbekistan’s dictator for the past tury died last week and there’s no designated successor—but don’t panic, said Alexei Malash-enko If President Islam Karimov gave the former Soviet republic nothing else during his 26 years

quarter-cen-in power, he gave it stability Uzbekistan’s party elite, business leaders, and clans “are interested in preserving the stability that ensures their tranquil existence.” So they may follow in the footsteps

of another ex-Soviet state, Turkmenistan: After its strongman, Saparmurat Niyazov, died suddenly

in 2006, his personal dentist emerged seemingly out of nowhere to continue the cult of personality

at the top Or Uzbekistan’s various familial clans could choose a compromise candidate as president but shift power toward the legislature The danger lies in the third, least likely possibility: a battle for power in which one faction tries to harness the country’s Islamist militants But because the terror-ist group Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, which has struggled for years to establish an Islamic state

in this Muslim country, has recently declared giance to ISIS, it would be extraordinarily foolish of any clan to ally itself with Islamism Instead, we’re likely to see “one authoritarian ruler replace an-other.” Hail to the new chief, whoever he may be

Mexico is humiliated, said Raúl

Ro-dríguez Cortés in El Universal Donald

Trump, the Republican candidate for

U.S president and a man who has

smeared Mexican immigrants as

rap-ists, criminals, and drug dealers, visited

our capital last week as a personal

guest of President Enrique Peña Nieto

During a joint press conference with

our president, Trump did not offer a

single word of apology for his

anti-Mexican insults, “the minimum

re-quired from this incomprehensible,

un-worthy, and useless” visit Only when

the trip was over did Peña Nieto stand

up for Mexico’s honor Trump told the American media that the

subject of his planned wall along the southern U.S border didn’t

come up during the meeting, leading Peña Nieto to write on social

media that he had explicitly informed Trump that Mexico would

not pay for the wall Then Trump, speaking in Phoenix, shouted

that Mexicans will pay for the wall even though they don’t know

it yet So there we have it: Without getting anything in return,

Peña Nieto “gave the gringo psychopath a meeting and a photo

op,” legitimizing him as a statesman

It’s not just Mexicans who are agog at Peña Nieto’s “gigantic

stupidity,” said Jesús Silva-Herzog Márquez in Reforma The

whole world is wondering, “What the hell was he thinking in

lending the presidential palace to boost the campaign of the

country’s worst enemy?” Our president actually excused Trump’s

inexcusable racism as a “misunderstanding” that “pained

Mexicans”—as if “the problem were our sensitivity.” Never

mind that Peña Nieto probably did not mean to betray Mexico: His behavior “was treasonous.” I know how serious that charge is, but it fits “The biggest threat that Mexico has faced in decades found a willing tool in Enrique Peña Nieto.”

Trump’s visit “has caused an precedented public clamor against

un-the president,” said Héctor Aguilar

Camin in Milenío Peña Nieto’s

ap-proval rating, already below 20 cent because of surging corruption and crime, could sink into single digits, “plunging his presidency into uncertainty.” Mexicans have started hoisting the flag upside down in public squares, a sign of repudiation of the government Some are “calling for a march

per-to demand Peña Nieper-to’s resignation.” I can’t remember a time of such “virulence against the president,” nor of such a “resurgence

of Mexican nationalism and anti-gringo pride.”

Yet aren’t we being a bit hypocritical? said Carlos Heredia

Zu-bieta in El Universal It’s easy to slam Peña Nieto for failing to

stand up for undocumented Mexicans living in the U.S But have

we ever done anything for them? Trump plans to expel poor Mexicans, but “we expelled them first” with our violent crime, measly wages, political corruption, and lack of social mobility It’s time to reach out to Mexicans in America, to invite their chil-dren and grandchildren here, to take advantage of their knowl-edge of English “Trump wants to erect more barriers between our two countries.” We need to “break them down.”

Mexico: Fury over president’s meeting with Trump

Peña Nieto might be regretting his invite to Trump.

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

QDonald Trump’s

cam-paign has seven policy

proposals listed on his

website, totaling 9,000

words Hillary Clinton’s

campaign has 65 policy

fact sheets, with detailed

proposals totaling 112,735

words

Associated Press



Q When it touched down

last week as a Category 1

storm, Hurricane Hermine

was the first hurricane to

hit Florida in 11 years

USA Today



QBefore passing a new

voter ID law in 2013, North

Carolina Republican

of-ficials asked the board of

elections for “a breakdown

of the 2008 voter turnout

by race and type of vote

(early and Election Day)”

and a breakdown by race

of “registered voters in

your database that do not

have a driver’s license

number,” recently released

records show State

Re-publican consultant Carter

Wrenn said the GOP was

trying to suppress black

votes “because they vote

Democrat,” so the effort

was “political,” not racist

The Washington Post

this summer In June,

drivers burned more than

405 million gallons of gas

a day—the highest amount

in U.S history

NPR.com



QOver the past 12 years,

the number of Americans

who say they use

marijua-na on a daily or near-daily

basis has jumped from

3.9 million to 8.4 million,

or from 1.9 percent of the

U.S population to 3.5

per-cent, according to a new

study in Lancet Psychiatry

TheGuardian.com

When Donald Trump came

to Detroit this week to engage in “African-American

outreach,” said Rochelle

Riley in the Detroit Free

Press, “he sat in a black

church for the first time ever,” awkwardly swaying

to the music But “nobody was fooled.” After months of speaking to almost entirely white audiences, the GOP nominee visited Great Faith Ministries, run by televangelist bishop Wayne Jackson The two engaged in a question-and-answer session that was scripted in advance, and then an unusually sedate Trump read a speech

He called for “a civil rights agenda for our time”

that ensures the right to a quality education, jobs, and “the right to live in safety and in peace.”

Did he really think that black voters—who now give him close to zero percent support in national polls—“could be so easily swayed”?

“I do give Mr Trump credit for making the trip,”

said former Bush-Cheney adviser Ron Christie

in The New York Times But it’s clear he doesn’t

grasp that “there is no such monolithic entity known as ‘the African-American community.’”

Trump constantly pushes the view “that most blacks are doing badly and live in crime-infested neighborhoods,” and have “nothing to lose” by

voting for him In fact,

“black America includes doctors, painters, welders, farmers, and even former White House staffers turned adjunct professors like me.” As a Republican I’d like to back Trump in November, but I’d like to know his specific proposals for continuing the nation’s progress “There is in fact a lot to lose.”

“It’s the world’s worst-kept secret” that Trump’s so-called African-American outreach isn’t aimed

at black voters, said Jason Sattler in USAToday

.com He’s really courting conservative-leaning,

college-educated whites who are uncomfortable voting for a racist who made his name in national politics by calling the first black president a foreign-born traitor “White voters can tell them-selves whatever fables they want to justify sup-

porting him,” said Jennifer Rubin in The

Wash-ington Post But Trump can’t erase a 30-year

history of housing discrimination in his real estate empire or decades of offensive rhetoric about women, blacks, Hispanics, and Muslims People who pull the lever for him would empower “a man who would do more to stir animosity and division among Americans than anyone ever elected to the presidency.”

Noted

“Circle Sept 26 on your calendar,” said Chris

Cil-lizza in WashingtonPost.com On that Monday

night, Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton will face off in the first general-election debate—and

“it’s going to be must-see TV.” Last week the moderator lineup for the three debates was announced: NBC’s Lester Holt will oversee the first clash; ABC’s Martha Raddatz and CNN’s Anderson Cooper will host the second; Chris Wal-lace from Fox News, the third And unless the polls shift dramatically, Trump will go into that first debate needing a “major moment” to turn his campaign around He might just go “bananas.”

Clinton is taking no chances, said Patrick Healey

and Matt Flegenheimer in The New York Times

The Democratic nominee has buried herself in briefing papers, and studied a “forensic-style analysis” of the Republican primary debates Her team has consulted “psychology experts to help create a personality profile of Trump,” agonized for weeks over who should play the brash bil-lionaire in mock debates, and even consulted his estranged ghostwriter for tips on how to get under his skin They worry that expectations for Trump are so low that if he makes no disastrous mistakes, he will be deemed the winner Trump

is taking a more relaxed approach, said Gabriel

Debenedetti in Politico.com Rather than “digging

through policy binders,” he has been practicing attack lines with his senior advisers, including former Fox News chief Roger Ailes and former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani Trump may not even bother with a mock debate, relying instead on the freewheeling style that worked for him in the primaries “You can prep too much for those things,” he said last week “You can sound scripted or phony.”

Most of the pressure is on Clinton, said Glenn

Thrush in Politico.com She knows she may face

“deeply personal charges and insults” from Trump and can’t afford to come off as stiff, robotic, and unlikable “One false or cringe-inducing answer”

to questions about her email server or the Clinton Foundation could give Trump a big boost The debates are Trump’s “best (and likely last) chance

to influence the course of this election,” said

Lanhee Chen in CNN.com Rather than trying

to match Clinton “policy for policy,” he needs to frame her as “untrustworthy and out of touch” and prove he “has the temperament to be presi-dent.” If he can possibly accomplish both goals, he may just “make this election competitive again.”

Interesting music you have there.

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

“Work isn’t to make money; you work to justify life.”

Marc Chagall, quoted in Bustle.com

“The best things in life are free The second best things are very, very expensive.”

Coco Chanel, quoted in the Financial Times

“To delight in war is a merit in the soldier, a dan-gerous quality in the cap-tain, and a positive crime

Robin Williams, quoted in NYMag.com

“Truth uttered before its time is always dangerous.”

Mencius, quoted in The Economist’s Twitter feed

“If God wanted us to vote,

He would have given us candidates.”

Jay Leno, quoted in the Utica, N.Y., O bserver-Dispatch

“Whoever fights monsters should see to it that in the process he does not become a monster.”

Friedrich Nietzsche, quoted in The New York Times

in 2008, 49% of

Ameri-cans considered selves to be “thriving.”

them-Now 55.4% do Among

black Americans, the

read at least one book

in the past year, up from

72% in 2015 65% read a

print book, 28% read an e-book, and 14% listened

to an audiobook

Pew Research Center

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

If anyone doubts the dangers of

por-nography addiction, consider Anthony

Weiner, said Pamela Anderson and

Rabbi Shmuley Boteach in The

Wall Street Journal The disgraced

ex- congressman’s “repeated, self-

sabotaging sexting” shattered his

career and his marriage to Hillary

Clinton aide Huma Abedin, a sad

les-son in “pornography’s corrosive effects

on a man’s soul.” With the internet

bringing sexual imagery and adulterous

temptations into every home, “this is a

public hazard of unprecedented

serious-ness.” The American Psychological

Asso-ciation reports pornography consumption

rates between 50 and 99 percent

among men, and many men report

that constant online sexual behavior leads to a loss

of interest in their wives and girlfriends Children

raised amid “wall-to-wall digitized sexual

imag-ery,” meanwhile, are growing up as “the crack

babies of porn”—incapable of real intimacy We

must teach kids that sex is beautiful when it’s an

expression of love, and that “porn is for losers.”

This diatribe is nothing but “sex-shaming finger

wagging,” said Amy Zimmerman in The Daily

Beast.com Anderson’s screed is particularly

“sur-real” coming from an ex–Baywatch star who

adorned more Playboy covers than anyone in

his-tory In her discussion of Weiner, she conflates his

tweeting sexual images of himself with porn addiction, and implies the internet was at fault instead of his own bad behavior

Compulsive behavior is usually rooted

in psychological issues, said Elizabeth

Brown in Reason.com “But

Ameri-cans have a soft spot for holding

media responsible—Photoshop begets anorexia, Grand Theft Auto causes antisocial behavior, etc.” So even

though people have cheated on spouses, sent ill-advised sexual communications,

“and gotten off on exhibitionism for centuries,” it’s now fashionable to blame internet porn

Sophisticates may scoff, but “porn is absolutely a problem for some people and there’s no reason to pretend otherwise,” said

Mollie Hemingway and Rich Cromwell in The

Federalist.com Instantaneous access to hard-core,

graphic videos has left many men unmotivated to

do the hard work of real relationships; it’s easier for them to stay home and masturbate to search-able fantasies One of the more interesting Reddit communities is NoFap, which has 200,000 users

“who abstain from porn and masturbation and help each other do the same.” Members report the joy of finding “real-life women attractive again for the first time in years.” You don’t have

to be religious to see that when sex becomes anonymous and disembodied, “darkness arises.”

“Did Democrats cry wolf?” asked Frank Bruni

in The New York Times Political commentators

on both the Left and Right have been warning

for months that Donald Trump’s bigotry,

nativ-ism, and volatile personality make him a unique

threat to the country—yet the tightness of the polls

suggests many voters aren’t convinced Maybe

it’s because they’ve heard it all before Four years

ago, many liberals denounced the mild-mannered

Republican nominee Mitt Romney as a

“blood-sucking capitalist vampire whose indictment of

Obamacare was ipso facto proof of his racism.” In

2008, John McCain was portrayed as a

“combus-tible hothead who couldn’t be allowed anywhere

near the nuclear codes.” When hyperbolic

invec-tive like this is deployed against decent politicians,

how do you convince Republican voters that this

year’s nominee truly poses a “much greater, graver

danger”? Liberals have often portrayed

oppo-nents “as not just wrong but evil,” said Pascal-

Emmanuel Gobry in TheWeek.com So as voters

hear them hyperventilating about Trump, they’re

asking, “Why should we trust you this time?”

“Liberals may be accused of many sins, but

enabling Trump is not one of them,” said

Jona-than Chait in NYMag.com We have been warning

for decades that Republicans were using “racial coding” to appeal to whites, and “descending into unhinged, knee-jerk, anti-intellectual reac-tion.” They can’t blame us just because we’ve been proved right It’s pretty rich of conservatives to claim Republicans were “blinded to Trump’s inad-

equacies” by extreme rhetoric, said Jonathan

Bern-stein in BloombergView.com The Right accused

President Clinton of being “a drug-running murderer and a likely communist”; attacked John Kerry’s service record in Vietnam; and declined for years to disown racist allegations that President Obama wasn’t a U.S citizen It’s Republicans who

“are responsible for Trump.”

Voters aren’t actually ignoring Trump’s

deficien-cies, said Aaron Blake in Washington Post.com

He’s the most unpopular presidential candidate in history: 44 percent of Americans think he is a rac-ist, and 59 percent that his campaign appeals to bigotry Trump is competitive only because we live

“in a highly partisan country”—in which party nominees are almost guaranteed 40 percent

major-of the vote—and because Hillary Clinton is almost

as unpopular as he is “In another universe with even a modestly more popular Democratic candi-date,” this race would be long over

Anderson, Boteach

A spectacular explosion on a Florida

launch-pad just threw a wrench into the ambitions

of two Silicon Valley billionaires: SpaceX

CEO Elon Musk and Facebook’s Mark

Zuckerberg, said Samantha Masunaga and

Jim Puzzanghera in the Los Angeles Times

A 604-ton Falcon 9 rocket built by Musk’s

aerospace firm SpaceX was engulfed in

flames last week during a prelaunch engine

test at Cape Canaveral Both the rocket and

its cargo, which included a satellite that

Facebook planned to use to beam internet

to remote villages in sub-Saharan Africa,

were destroyed in the blast, which was “loud enough to be heard

40 miles away.” Fortunately, no one was injured, but the cause

of the explosion is still unclear, and SpaceX’s plans for nine more

rocket launches this year are now on hold—as is Zuckerberg’s

dream of connecting more of the developing world

Is Elon Musk “stretched too thin?” asked Kevin Kelleher in Time

.com The brash, 45-year-old entrepreneur, who also runs the

elec-tric car company Tesla and the clean energy firm SolarCity, is

al-most ludicrously ambitious He has vowed to send an unmanned

mission to Mars within two years, and to send humans to the

Red Planet by 2025 But lofty goals on an accelerated timetable

might be the reason SpaceX has now had two high-profile

ac-cidents in just 15 months: Another Falcon 9 rocket disintegrated

shortly after launch in June 2015, destroying $110 million in

cargo bound for the International Space tion Meanwhile, Tesla and SolarCity are both said to be facing cash crunches and mechanical setbacks, even as Musk sets ever-bolder goals, like rolling out a $35,000 Tesla sedan by next July “The problem for Musk

Sta-in 2016 is, the bolder the goals become, the faster the crashes and glitches are coming.”Let’s not forget that “spaceflight is an inher-ently dangerous and tricky business,” said

Jeff Spross in TheWeek.com And to be fair,

SpaceX boasts a 93 percent launch success rate, comparable to 95 percent for the rest of the commercial space industry This year was shaping up to be a banner year for the firm, with eight successful takeoffs Five of those used SpaceX’s pioneering reusable booster technology, which will help make its bargain price tag of $60 million per launch even cheaper That SpaceX bounced back so quickly from its 2015 accident with such successes “is probably an indication that it’ll weather this setback as well.” But who is left footing the bill when a pri-

vate rocket blows up? asked Sonali Basak in Bloomberg.com

Some of the world’s biggest insurance firms, including AIG and Allianz SE, now offer commercial space policies The Facebook satellite itself was backed by a policy worth almost $300 mil-lion But there’s one hitch: It may only have been covered for a true launch accident, rather than prelaunch You can be sure that

“Mark Zuckerberg is not amused” by Musk’s latest mishap

Commercial space travel: SpaceX’s fiery setback

Samsung recalls explosive phone

“Samsung’s nightmare scenario is happening,”

said Rob Price in BusinessInsider.com The

South Korean electronics giant is recalling its new flagship smartphone, the Galaxy Note 7, after reports that the device may catch fire while charging Samsung has shipped more than 2.5 million Note 7s since the phone debuted last month, with the waterproof, large-screen device selling for more than

$800 in the U.S But Samsung halted sales last week after receiving at least 35 reports of exploding phones worldwide The company is now working on exchange programs for the

10 countries where the Note 7 has been leased The recall comes at an especially pain-ful time for Samsung, with rival Apple having unveiled the latest iPhone models this week

re-Google gets in Uber’s lane

“Alphabet and Uber are inching closer to a showdown,” said Daisuke Wakabayashi and

Mike Isaac in The New York Times Google’s

parent company is expanding a carpooling program through its navigation app Waze that could eventually challenge established ride-hailing services Waze Carpool matches drivers and riders “already headed in the same direction.” For now, the pilot program

is only being offered to employees of nies near Google’s headquarters in Mountain View, Calif But Waze plans to expand to San Francisco, where Uber is based, this fall It’s another sign of the “intensifying competi-tion” between the Silicon Valley rivals Uber

compa-is working furiously to overtake Google’s forts on autonomous vehicles, with plans to offer rides in self-driving cars in Pittsburgh within weeks

ef-Pokémon Go’s short life span

Mobile app fads are getting shorter, if mon Go is any indication, said Hayley Tsukayama in The Washington Post The

Poké-enhanced-reality app took the world by storm this summer, but just two months after its launch, tech journalists are “declaring the game all but dead.” A report last week found that fewer people are playing the game every day and that players are devoting ever less time to the app Google search trends show

that interest in Pokémon Go peaked in July,

dropping by half by August It took FarmVille,

“another game that seemed to be everywhere all at once,” months to register a similar de-

cline But Pokémon Go is hardly a failure The

game has earned $400 million worldwide and

is currently the top-grossing app in the U.S

Bytes: What’s new in tech

Iowa’s annual Farm Progress Show,

said George Dvorsky in Gizmodo

.com Unlike a conventional

trac-tor, this futuristic piece of farm

equipment—called the Auton o mous

Con cept Vehicle—doesn’t have a

cabin for a driver Instead, the

trac-tor, built by agricultural equipment

firm Case IH, finds its way using

built-in cameras, radar, and GPS A

farmer can program and control the

machine using an app on a tablet

computer, and once the tractor gets

its orders, it sets to work “without

any further human intervention.”

The bot can operate day or night,

and is designed to plant seeds and

harvest crops, among other tasks

Because of legal concerns, such as

the fact that the self-driving tractor

will sometimes cross public roads

while moving between fields, experts

say it will likely be years before the

machine appears on an actual farm

Innovation of the week

Technology

18 NEWS

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

The massive fireball that destroyed the rocket

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Health & Science

20 NEWS

Lucy’s fatal fall

Anthropologists have learned a great deal

from Lucy, the fossilized 3.2

million–year-old hominid discovered in Ethiopia in

1974 Now they think they know how

the 3-foot-tall, bipedal female kicked the

bucket: by falling out of a tree It was

previously assumed that the many breaks

and fractures in Lucy’s bones were the

natural result of the fossilization process

But after taking high-resolution CT scans

of the bones, researchers saw evidence of

greenstick fractures, which typically only

affect living bone When they then created

a 3-D model of Lucy’s shattered humerus

and showed it to 10 orthopedic surgeons,

nine of them concluded she had suffered a

compound fracture, most likely from

put-ting out her hand to break a fall Scientists

calculated that the force needed to produce

the breaks and fractures was consistent

with a 45-foot drop; since the bones show

no signs of healing, they deduced the

inju-ries must have been fatal Though some

paleontologists dispute the findings,

argu-ing that most fossils have similar levels of

bone damage, the study’s lead author, John

Kappelman, insists the evidence is

compel-ling “I have taught this fossil since I was

a grad student in the 1980s,” Kappelman

tells NationalGeographic.com “I knew

these fractures were there—I just never

thought to ask what had caused them.”

Surviving life on ‘Mars’

When most people imagine a trip to Ha waii, they don’t envision spending 12 months inside a 1,000-square-foot dome on the side of a volcano But six volunteers with NASA emerged last week after doing exactly that, to help the space agency pre-pare for an eventual crewed expedition to Mars The human experiment—the second longest of its kind after a 520-day Russian “mission”—was designed to simulate what life would be like for astronauts during

an extended stay on the Red Planet The crew had to put up with austere ameni-ties, freeze-dried food, and a frustrating 20- minute com mu n i ca tions delay with the outside world On the few occasions they were allowed to leave the isolated, solar- powered dome, they had to don a spacesuit

The six volunteers, who celebrated their release by gorging on pizza and fresh fruit, said the biggest challenges had been avoiding boredom and getting along with one another

in such a confined space “It is kind of like having roommates that are always there,”

mission commander Carmel Johnston tells

BBC.com “You can never escape them.”

But the crew also expressed confidence that astronauts could cope with the psychological challenges of such a long expedition NASA already has plans for two more simulated missions, each lasting eight months

How your dog understands you

Man’s best friend may understand us better than we thought

Groundbreaking new research has found that dogs process words and intona-tion using separate parts of the brain—

the same way humans do, reports

The Washington Post Scientists trained

13 dogs of various breeds to lie still in an MRI machine The pooches then listened

to a trainer reciting positive phrases (such

as “good dog”) as well as meaningless ones (like “however”), in both a neutral tone and a happy, “attaboy” tone The scans showed that the dogs processed the meaningful words with the left side of their brain—the same hemisphere humans use

to process language—and intonation with the right side Furthermore, the canines’ dopamine “reward centers,” which respond

to things like food or being petted, weren’t activated by meaningless phrases spoken

in a positive tone of voice or by ing words spoken in a flat tone “Dogs not only tell apart what we say and how we say it,” says Attila Andics, the study’s lead researcher, “but they can also combine the two, for a correct interpretation of what those words really mean.”

encourag-Health scare of the week Zika causes deafness

Children whose mothers were infected with the Zika virus while pregnant are at risk not only for brain damage but also for hearing loss A Brazilian study involv-ing 70 infants diagnosed with Zika-related microcephaly—a severe birth defect that leads to underdeveloped brains—found that

6 percent of the babies suffered permanent

sensorineural hearing loss, Reuters.com

reports The study’s authors recommended that all infants whose mothers were exposed to the mosquito-borne virus dur-ing pregnancy be routinely screened for delayed or progressive hearing loss, even

if they showed no symptoms at birth

To prevent the transfusion of infected blood to pregnant women, the U.S Food and Drug Administration last week advised blood banks across the nation to screen donated blood for the virus Screenshot, AP

Astronomers have spotted a “dark twin”

of the Milky Way, a discovery that blows

apart their already patchy

understand-ing of dark matter Located 300 million

light-years from Earth, Dragonfly 44 is

about the same size as our own galaxy,

but contains a tiny fraction of its stars

Only about 0.1 percent of the newly

dis-covered galaxy is made up of ordinary,

visible matter like stars—100 times less

than the Milky Way The rest apparently

consists of dark matter, the elusive,

mys-terious substance that astrophysicists

believe makes up 80 percent of the

mat-ter in the universe Scientists have never

actually seen dark matter; its existence is predicated on the theory that without its gravitational effect, stars and other celes-tial objects would drift apart rather than clump together in galaxies Dragonfly 44 isn’t the first dark galaxy astronomers have discovered, but it’s the only one comparable in size to the Milky Way “We thought we had sort of figured out what the relationship is between galaxies and dark matter,” the study’s lead author,

Pieter van Dokkum, tells CNN.com “This

discovery turns that on its head It means

we don’t understand, kind of mentally, how galaxy formation works.”

funda-Physicists hope to discover other dark galaxies, to increase their understand-ing of one of the most puzzling building blocks of the universe

The Milky Way’s ‘dark twin’

THE WEEK September 16, 2016

An artist’s model of Lucy: Lots of bone breaks

That smudge is the dark galaxy.