Slide môn học PHP session 2b PHP operators

Arithmetic Operators - IIOperator Name Description + Addition Adds the operands - Subtraction Subtracts the second operand from the first operand * Multiplication Multiplies operands wit

PHP Operators

Session 5

 An identifier is use to refer to the memory location

with the help of any variable

 A data type describes the type of data a variable will

store The different data types are:

Review - II

 Numeric data or text enclosed in the quotes is considered to

be a string data type

 Variable:

 Name assigned to a memory location where the data is stored

 Enables to retrieve data from the memory location

 Dollar sign ‘$’ is placed before a variable name

 Variable created without any value assigned to it then that variable takes its value as NULL

 Equal to sign ‘=’ is used to assign a value to the varaible

Review - III

 Local variable:

 Declared and used inside a function

 Lifetime remains till the function terminates

 Global variable:

 Uses its value throughout the page

 Declared outside the function

 Called in the program with the help of the keyword global

 Static variable:

 Local variable made static with the help of the keyword

static

Review - IV

 Environment variable:

 System-defined variable

 Provides information about the transactions held

between the client and the server

 Deals with the action of request and response

those are held in between the server and the client

 Use Arithmetic operators

 Use Logical operators

 Use Relational operators

 Use Bitwise operators

 Use Assignment operators

 Use String operators

 Use Increment and Decrement Operators

to perform specific actions

which the operators are evaluated in an expression

Arithmetic Operators - II

Operator Name Description

+ Addition Adds the operands

- Subtraction Subtracts the second operand from the first

operand

* Multiplication Multiplies operands with each other

/ Division Divides the first operand by the second operand

% Modulus Returns the remainder when the first operand is

divided by the second operand

 Following table lists the different arithmetic operators in PHP:

Relational Operators - I

Operator Name Description

== Equal to Returns true if both the operands are equal

!= Not equal to Returns true if the first operand is not

equal to the second operand

< Less than Returns true if the first operand is less

than the second operand

 Following table lists the different relational operators

in PHP

Relational Operators - II

<= Less than or equal to Returns true if the first operand is

less than or equal to the second operand

> Greater than Returns true if the first operand is

greater than the second operand

>= Greater than or equal to Returns true if the first operand is

greater than or equal to the second operand

String Operators

Concatenation Returns a concatenated string

.= Concatenating assignment Appends the argument on the right

side to the variable

 String operators operate on character data

 Following table lists the different string operators in PHP

Logical Operators

or more test expression in a condition

value

Logical Operators - I

Operator General Form Description

&& Expression1&& Expression2 Returns true only if both the

expressions are true

|| Expression1 || Expression2 Returns true if any one of

the expression is true

! !Expression Returns true only if the condition

is not true

operators:

Logical Operators - II

Operator General Form Description

AND Expression1 AND Expression2 Returns true only if all the

expressions are true

OR Expression1 OR Expression2 Returns true if any one of the

expression is true

XOR Expression1 XOR Expression2 Returns false if both Expression1

and Expression2 are true or if both Expression1 and Expression2 are false and true otherwise

Bitwise Operators - I

data

Bitwise Operators - II

Operator Name General Form Description

& AND Operand1 &

Operand2 Sets to 1 if both the bits of both the operands are 1 and 0 otherwise

| OR Operand1 | Operand2 Sets to 1 if either of the bits of the

operands are 1 and 0 otherwise

 Following table lists the different bitwise operators in PHP:

Bitwise Operators - III

Operator Name General Form Description

^ EXCLUSIVE-OR Operand1 ^

Operand2 Compares two bits and sets the bit to 1 if the bits

are different and 0 otherwise

~ COMPLEMENT ~ Operand Compares and sets the bits

that are not set and 0 otherwise

Bitwise Operators - IV

Operator Name General Form Description

<< SHIFT

LEFT Operand1 << Operand2 Shifts the bits of Operand1, Operand2

times to the left

>> SHIFT

RIGHT Operand1 >> Operand2 Shifts the bits of Operand1, Operand2

times to the right

Assignment Operator

side to the value of the expression on the

right side

the relational operator

Increment and Decrement

within loops such as for, do while, and while

Increment and Decrement

Operators - II

Operand Operator Name Description

++$a Pre-increment Increments the operand value by one and

then returns this new value to the variable

$a++ Post-increment Returns the value to the variable and then

increments the operand by one

 Following table lists the different increment and decrement operators in PHP:

Increment and Decrement

Operators - III

Operand Operator Name Description

$a Pre- decrement Decrements the operand by one and then

returns this new value to the variable

$a Post decrement Returns the value to the variable and then

decrements the operand by one

Summary - I

 An Operator is any symbol that performs an

operation on an operand An operator enables us to work on variables, strings, and numbers.

 Operators enable to control the program flow

 The types of operators are:

Summary - II

 Arithmetic operators are used to perform

mathematical operations

 Relational operators compare two operands and

determine the relationship between operands

 Logical operators handle multiple conditions and

combines two or more test expression in a condition

 Bitwise operators operate on the bits of an operand

Summary - III

to a variable It enables us to set the operand on the letf side to the value on the right side.

to increase or decrease value of an operand by one

strings into a single string