8H the rock cycle

8H The Rock CycleRock types Changing rocks The rock cycle 8H The Rock Cycle... The three main groups are: igneous sedimentary metamorphic What are the clues to help classify rocks?. 8H I

8H The Rock Cycle

Rock types Changing rocks The rock cycle

8H The Rock Cycle

Rock types

8H The Rock Cycle

8H Name that rock

Believe it or not, rocks can be classified into groups

– just like living organisms

The three main groups are:

igneous sedimentary metamorphic

What are the clues to help classify rocks?

?

8H Sedimentary

Often look like flat plates stuck together

Grains often visible, these can crumble apart

Fossils can be present

Rocks come from flat beds

Often porous (let water pass through easily) Sedimentary rocks

8H Rock factory

A volcano is a giant rock factory

Magma (molten rock) from below the ground is pushed to the surface and cools

The rock that forms is called igneous rock.

8H Igneous rocks

Tough rocks with no plates visible

The crystals (if you can see them) often interlock and run in different directions

No fossils present – EVER!

Rocks do not form in flat beds

Non-porous (will not let water through) Igneous rocks

8H Metamorphic rock

Often ‘sugary’ with particles that can be arranged in sheets or randomly

Remains of fossils sometimes present – but not often

Beds often have wavy bands

Often less porous than sedimentary rocks – but metamorphic rocks show a wide range of porosity

Metamorphic rocks

8H Your first specimen

Crystals visible

Very tough rock

Water cannot pass through (not porous)

Is it sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic?

Igneous!

Clues:

?

8H How about this one

Fossils present Very porous

Layers visible

Sedimentary!

Clues:

?

Is it sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic?

8H And this one

Grains very small Clear layers

Not porous

No fossils

Metamorphic!

Clues:

?

Is it sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic?

8H Last chance

Grains very small

No layers

Not porous

No fossils

Metamorphic!

Clues:

?

Is it sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic?

1. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma

produced by volcanoes

2. Sedimentary rocks never contain fossils

3. Igneous rocks are usually very porous

4. Sedimentary rocks often have layers

5. Granite is a metamorphic rock

8H True or false?

True or false?

TRUE

FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE

Changing rocks

8H The rock cycle

8H All change!

The two processes together (weathering and

transportation) are called erosion.

Reminder:

Rocks may last a long time but they do change

Even tough igneous rocks may be broken down to

smaller particles We call this process weathering.

Small particles may be moved to new areas We

call this transportation.

8H Squeezing rocks

What happens to particles from eroded rock?

Sediments may be laid down by water Over many years the sediments build up and stick together to form a new sort of rock

Sometimes earthquakes and volcanoes bury old rocks underground Very high temperatures and pressures change these rocks into new ones called metamorphic rocks

The rock cycle

8H The rock cycle

8H The rock cycle

1. Metamorphic rocks are made by…

a) heat and pressure acting on other rocks

b) particles dropping out of suspension in streams and rivers

c) a small factory outside Manchester

2. Which of these would you NOT find in sedimentary

rocks…

a) fossils b) layered structure c) interlocking crystals of minerals

8H Rock cycle quiz

3. The rock cycle is…

a) a way to explain how types of rocks are converted

to other forms

b) an explanation of how heating and cooling can break down rocks

c) a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber

4. You could find the density of a rock sample by…

a) dividing its mass by its volume b) dividing its volume by its mass c) multiplying its volume by its mass

8H Rock cycle quiz

5. Slow cooling of magma produces rocks with…

a) large crystals b) small crystals c) no crystals

6. You can dissolve the carbonate in a limestone sample using

a) hydrochloric acid b) cold water

c) boiling water

8H Rock cycle quiz