minerals and mining 4

Patterns of Nevada Mineral Activity Mining Activity in Nevada, 1851 - 1995 Low prices and environmental regulation brought about the decline in precious metal production by 1995.. Patter

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Mining Activity in Nevada, 1851 - 1995

U.S Department of the Interior

U.S Geological Survey

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Precious metal mines and mining camps dominated Nevada’s early history until WWI Base metal surpassed precious metal production during the war and post-war years to the early 1960’s Due to new technologies and high gold prices, precious metal production reached new highs during early 1990’s

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Patterns of Nevada Mineral Activity Mining Activity in Nevada, 1851 - 1995

Low prices and environmental regulation brought about the decline in precious metal production by 1995 More recently Nevada’s fast growing population and urban infrastructure has created an increasing demand for industrial minerals Nevada’s three major boom periods were known as: the Comstock, the Tonopah-Goldfield, and the Carlin

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This digital movie depicts the significant activity cycles in Nevada during the

period 1851 – 1995 for:

Precious metals (silver and gold) Base metals (copper, lead, zinc and tungsten)Industrial minerals (such as sand, clay, gypsum and barite) The relationships between transportation routes, mineral exploration and

production, active mining districts, and population growth or decline are shown by decade

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Pre-production

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Pre-production Production

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Pre-production Production Production

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No Production Production Production Production

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Movie Menu Options

The movie menu that follows allows navigation to shorter subsets of the main movie including animations of major mines, major mining districts, mineral production, and links to decade time periods Each subset will loop unless the return to the main menu button is selected Exit the movie at any time by right clicking the mouse Settings for the length of time taken by each frame can be adjusted in PowerPoint

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Mining activity in Nevada full length movie

Movie Menu

Click button to view action animations or full length movie.

Major mines 1860 - 1995 animation Major mining districts 1860 - 1995 animation Mineral production chart

Links to decade time periods

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Pre-1850 Early Trails and Westward Migration

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1851-1860 Civil War – The Comstock Gold and Silver Discovery

Comstock

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Comstock

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Return to time links

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1861-1870 Comstock Boom - Railroads Help Mineral Exploration

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1871-1880 Domestic Market Expands – Precious Metals Peak

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1881-1890 Depression Begins – Population & Production Decline

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1891-1900 1893 Financial Collapse – Tonopah Silver Discovery

Tonopah

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Tonopah

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1901-1910 1907 Recession – Tonopah & Goldfield Boom

Goldfield Tonopah

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Goldfield Tonopah

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1911-1920 WWI & Lincoln Highway – Precious & Base Metals Up

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1921-1930 Post War Expansion to Depression –Base Metal holds

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1931-1940 Great Depression – Slight Increase in Precious Metals

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1941-1950 WWII –Base Metal/Industrial Mineral Activity Increases

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1951-1960 The Korean War – Base Metal Production Peaks

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1961-1970 Economic & Technology Boom –Carlin Gold Discovery

Carlin

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Carlin

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1971-1980 Vietnam War & High Inflation – Industrial Minerals Up

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1981-1990 Gold Prices Soar – The Carlin Boom & Decline

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

Carlin Trend

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Carlin Trend

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

Carlin Trend

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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1991-1995 Regulation & Low Prices – Mineral Activity Decreases

Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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Historic Trails

Major Railroads

Major Highways

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boom

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boom

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Boom

Goldfield boom

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Boom

Goldfield boom

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Boom

Goldfield boom

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Boom

Goldfield boom

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Boom

Goldfield boom

Tonopah-Carlin boom

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Boom

Goldfield boom

Tonopah-Carlin boom

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SUMMARY

• The 1859 silver discovery near Virginia City began the Comstock Boom

• Most of Nevada’s mining districts were discovered during the Comstock Boom and the Tonopah-Goldfield Boom aided by the development of the railroads

• A period of decline from 1892-1899 due to a drop in silver prices and depletion

of mines caused a population decrease

• WWI stimulated mining by raising the price of silver and base metals

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Mining Activity in Nevada, 1851-1995

SUMMARY

• In 1933 a minor “depression”era boom was set off by an increase in the price of gold contributing to early discoveries of “invisible gold” later to be called Carlin-type deposits

• WWII increased the demand for all metals; however, the War Production Board forced most of the gold mines to close to stimulate base metal production

• Base metal production peaked during the 1950’s – copper was at its highest

• The 1962 Carlin gold discovery began “the Carlin Boom”

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SUMMARY

• The demand for industrial minerals has steadily increased with Nevada’s growing population and will most likely continue a steady upward trend

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Data sources for this animation include the U.S Geological Survey’s Digital Data Series DDS-52 and Open-File Report 98-206A, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Report 47 and unpublished production tables, and the State of Nevada Census

Thanks to Joe Tingley of the NBMG for access to his unpublished production tables and to Gary Raines of the USGS for constructive input on design

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Link to 1860 Civil War – The Comstock Gold and Silver Discovery

Link to 1870 Comstock Boom - Railroads Help Mineral Exploration

Link to 1880 Domestic Market Expands – Precious Metals Peak

Link to 1890 Depression Begins – Population & Production Decline

Link to 1900 1893 Financial Collapse – Tonopah Silver Discovery

Link to 1910 1907 Recession – Tonopah & Goldfield Boom

Link to 1920 WWI & Lincoln Highway – Precious & Base Metals Up

Link to 1930 Post War Expansion to Depression –Base Metal holds

Link to 1940 Great Depression – Slight Increase in Precious Metals

Link to 1950 WWII –Base Metal/Industrial Mineral Activity Increases

Link to 1960 The Korean War – Base Metal Production Peaks

Link to 1970 Economic & Technology Boom –Carlin Gold Discovery

Link to 1980 Vietnam War & High Inflation – Industrial Minerals Up

Link to 1990 Gold Prices Soar – The Carlin Boom & Decline

Link to 1995 Regulation & Low Prices – Mineral Activity Decreases

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