Boost reading 3 (book)

Culture and People Historyl Culture and People Social Studies Science and Nature Understanding paragraph development Understanding signs Finding information from graphs Understandi

PEARSON

-Longman

Science and Nature

Social Studies

Social Studies

p.17

Cross-scanning Content- based

p.19 for details passage

Finding information from Web article p.23 tables

~ p.27

Understanding Content-based

p 29 settings passage

Understanding

Brochure p 33 brochures

p.37

Culture and People

Historyl

Culture and People

Social Studies

Science and Nature

Understanding paragraph development

Understanding signs

Finding information from graphs

Understanding menus

Conte nt -base d passage

Magazine article

Conten t- based passage

S ign

Content-based passage

suc ~ ,

Finding the stated main idea

Main ideas can be found at the start, in the middle or at the end of paragraphs When a main idea is written out in the paragraph it is called a stated main idea

Underline the stated main idea Then check [1'] where in the paragraph it is

One of the tricks a magician does is called production

To do this, he produces something from nothing

Examples include pulling 0 rabbit out of an empty hat,

filling an empty bucket with coins or even the magician

himself appearing in a puff of smoke

midd le 0

e nd 0

~ Read the passage

It's magic!

Magicians p e rf o rm magic tri c ks to show that

somet hing imp oss i b l e has happ ened Th ere

are man y kinds of magic tri cks

One kind of magic trick i s called production

To do this, a magician p ro du ces so m eth ing

from nothing Examples include pulling a

rabbit out of an empty hat, filling an empty

bucket with coi n s or eve n the magician

himsel f appearing in a pu ff o f smoke

A magician is h olding a co in H e might snap

hi s fingers and the coin s udd en ly

d i sap p ears Thi s trick is an example of the

vanish, which i s th e o pp os it e of production

Th e vanish is a kind of magic tri c k in which

things disappear After putting a bird in a

cage and th e n covering the cnge with cloth,

the magician waves his w an d and pulls

away the cloth The bird ha s va nish e d

Perhaps Q rope is c ut in half with a knife

The magician doe s something s p ec ial and

su dd en ly the rope is one co m p l ete pie ce again Or after tearin g a n ewspape r into

pieces, th e m agi cian rubs the piec es together and the n e w s paper becomes whole again These tricks res t ore thin gs to

the way they were bef ore Restoration is

another co mmon type of magic trick

Answer the questions

What do ma gicians do?

What kind of tric k mak es things appear?

What kind of trick mak es thing s disappear?

a sentence gives you a

main idea or a detail

-A main idea tells you what the paragraph is about A detail gives you supporting information

-Look at the highlighted words in the passage Find out 'IV hat they mean using the Mini-dictionary on pages 69-72

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Integration

Read the paragraph Underline the stated main idea Then circle where in the paragraph it is

T ele p ort ation, pe net ration and l evitatio n are thr ee

different kinds of magic tricks Teleportotion i s

moving so m e thing from one plac e to a n other Th e

moving pro cess i s invisible, wh i ch mak es it look

li ke rea l magi c Pen etration is a kind of trick in

whi c h s olid things appear to move thr ough other

so lid thing s, which i s norma ll y im possible to do

L evi tation i s mo v ing some thing up into the air

wit ho ut touc h i n g i t or holding it in any way

Th ese kind s of magic tricks are important for

good ma g ician s t o l ea rn

Stated ma i n id ea: s tart I middle I e n d

Why are magic shows popular?

Discuss your answers

~eadill9 Skill

Identifying moods

Mood is the atmosphere or feeling in a situation Things you can see, hear or feel create the

mood Writers create moods in their stories by giving detailed descriptions

Suddenly the stage began to fill up with green smoke The

audience became silent and everybody stared With a flash of

multicolored lights, Peter appeared right in the middle of the

stage The audience gasped

happy exciting boring sad scary

~ Read the story

14

The Amazing Peter Twinklehands

Julie was in the theater, sitting with her dad The stage in front of her was dark and silent

Behind her, she could hear the rest of the audience chattering excitedly What amazing

magic would Peter Twinklehands perform tonight? Would he do his flying motorcycle trick'

Suddenly the stage began to fill up with green

smoke The audience became silent and

everybody stared With a flash of multicolored

lights, Peter appeared right in the middle of the

stage The audience gasped

"Good evening, my dear people," said Peter

His voice was soft but it sounded powerful

"I have many wonderfu l acts to perform for

you tonight, so I should get started right away "

Peter suddenly leaned forward and pointed straight at Julie, his eyes wide and scary

"You !" he sa i d "Do you want me to make

your dad disappear'" He clapped his hands

together and the whole theater echoed loudly Julie was scared She turned to look at her dad, but he was gone! She panicked and wanted to

cry Where was her dad' She turned back to

Peter to demand that he return her dad, but

Peter was already getting ready for his next

trick "Bring out my motorcycle'" he called

For the next couple of minutes, Ju l ie watched the magic show, numb and scared Suddenly

a voice behind her said, "I bought you some popcorn." It was her dad'

From the stage, Peter looked down at her and winked

Answer the questions

1 H ow did th e a u die n ce fee l be for e th e s h ow star t ed?

3 Did Peter Twinklehands really mak e Julie's dad disappear? H ow do you know?

Write a sentence from the story that shows mood

-look for sentences that

how people react or feel

Integration

Read the sentences Then identify the mood

1 Th e weath er was brigh t and s unny, and the air s m e ll e d s o fre s h

2 Th e girl walked s lowly a nd h e avil y, looking down at her feet

3 Hi s eyes were sh in ing, a nd hi s face was full o f excite m e nt

4 S h e heard a n o i se be h ind h er in t he darkness H e r ski n felt cold

Identify the mood in each photo Then write a sentence that describes the moo

Mood: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Mood: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Se n te n ce: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sen t ence: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Write a sentence that describes your mood today Then tell the class

Mood: _ _ _

Sentence:

~· i»G 7 D Read the passage

The Magic Man

He can make the Statue of Liberty

disappear He ca n fly above the Grand

Ca nyon H e can wa l k throug h the Great

Wa ll of Chi na He is David Cop perfield, one of t h e world's mos t t a l ented and well -kn own magicians

David s howed hi s ma g i ca l talent s when he was young At age 12, he star ted working

as a magician and was the youngest person ever to join the Society of Ame ri can

Mag i cians He ta u ght a course in magi c at

New York University when he WQS just 1 6

By age 1 9, h e was the star of his own ma gic show at a hotel i n Hawaii

In 2003, David was t h e tenth high est paid celebrity in the world, making more tha n

$57 million He likes to use h is money t o he l p others He started Pro j ect Magic to

he l p disab l ed people He also built Q museum i n Los Vegas t h a t shows mag ic

equ ipment and books

Underline the stated main idea in each paragraph Then circle where in

the paragraph it is

Paragraph 1: start / middle / end

Paragraph 2: start / middle / end

Paragraph 3: start / middle / end

17

Read the story

Rob the Great Magician

Rob felt nervous Thi s wa s hi s first

p erfo rman ce a s a magi c ian, eve n if it

was ju s t for hi s little sister's birthda y

part y H e c h ec k e d hi s magi c hat to

make sure the sec r e t part at th e b otto m

Sti ll , Rob felt a littl e sick in hi s sto ma c h

W h at if he l oo k e d lik e a foo l in f ro nt of

hi s sister's f ri ends?

Rob began by pulling a toy rabbit out of the "empty" h a t , and th e children clapp ed

fr o m behind h e r ear, in h e r po c k et and even in h er hair Th e c hildr e n mad e "ooh!" and "ao h! " so und s a s each n e w co in appeared Rob fe lt th e exci t e m e nt!

After t h e s h ow, Rob felt very good C hildr en were as kin g him to d o more trick s, and

Check [.r] the word that best describes Rob's mood Then underline words

in the story that show the mood

Mission to Mars

Cross-scanning for details

Cross-scanning means looking from one side of a paragraph to another, instead of reading

every word It is an easier way of finding details

: Read the questions Then cross-scan the paragraph by following the lines

a

b

c

d

You have 10 seconds to find and circle the answers

Which agency sent t he Vik i ng ro b o t s to Ma r s?

W h en was the Viking m issio n sen t to Mars?

W h at d i d th e Vik i ng ro b o t s m e s ur e?

W h a t did th e Vik i ng ro b o t ph otog raph ?

, One oHhe first successful missions 2

to Mars took place in 1976 In this mission two Viking robots were sent

by NASA, the U.S space agency

The Viking robots measured the daily temperature and one of them took a photograph of a hill that is

I Q) now known as the "face on M a rs." 4

1 9

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Looking for Life on Mars

Scientists have long been interes ted in the

planet Mars It is one of the planets nearest

to Earth and it is probably the most similar,

too Some sc ientists even think that human s

can live on Mars in the fu ture

Over the pa st 40 years there have been

many att e mpt s to visit Mars to get

information Of th e 37 attempts to r each Mars , 19 e nd e d in di s a s ter Only six mi ss i o s

were able to se nd information back to Eo rth

One of the first s u ccess f ul missions took place in 1976

In this mi ss ion , two Viking robot s were sent to Mars by NASA, the U S space agency The Viking robots

mea s ur e d the daily temperature and one of them took

a photograph of a hill that i s now known as the " face

on Mars."

The mo s t r ece nt successf ul missions used rovers-specia l robots that can move

around the s urf ace of the planet The rovers

found pr oof that there was once a lot of water o n Mars Thi s mad e scie nti s t s excited about the c han ce to show that life does (or did) ex i st on Ma rs

The NASA rovers are s till in good c ondition

and con tinu e to ex plor e the su rface of Mars

, Answer the questions

1 Why are scientists interested in Mars?

2 How many attempts ha ve there been to reach Mars?

3 What are rovers?

PraCtice

Cross-scan the paragraphs in the passage Vou have 2 minutes to find and write the answers

1 How many missions t o Mars ended in disaster? 1 9

2 What were the robots sen t t o Mars in 1976 called?

_ 3 What do scie nti sts think humans can do on Mars in the future?

4 H ow many missions were able to send information back to Ea rth ?

5 How l ong ha ve scie nti sts been trying to visit Mars?

6 What can rovers do?

7 What did the rover s find proof of on Mars?

8 What do th e rovers co ntinu e t o do now?

9 What is th e name of the V.S space agency?

10 Why were scientis t s exci ted about finding water on Mars?

Underline the key words in each question and think about them as you cross-scan each paragraph

look at the highlighted words in the pas s age Find out what they mean using

the Mini-dictionary on pages 69-72

21

11

Integration

Should we continue to explore space? Cross-scan the dialogue and underline the reasons

Yes, we s h ou ld co ntinue to explore space

Th e r e's s till a lot that we don ' t know

might find other forms of lif e Also, mayb e in th e futur e we'll need anoth e r planet to liv e on, so we should continue looking

No , exp l ori n g space costs a l ot of money Also, we s till have many problems on

ou r own planet and shoul d wo rk on those fir st F o r examp le, we can tr y t o find c ur es for di se a ses and we shou l d give food to th e poor Those are m ore

imp or tant than exploring space

Write what you and three classmates think about exploring space Then tell the class

The New Solar System

Finding information from tables

Same information is best shown in tables than in paragraphs Tables allow you to easily read

and compare information

: Compl e te the table using the information in the passage

The planet Earth is 12,756 kilometers in diameter and 150 million kilometers from the Sun

It has an average temperature of 15 degrees Celsius A year has 365 days and one day is

24 hours long

Saturn, on the other hand, is 120,536 kilometers in diameter and 1.434 million kilometers from

the Sun It has an average surface temperature of -140 degrees Celsius A year has 10,747

Planet Diamet e r Distance from the Average L e ngth of Length of a Day

(km) Sun (million km) Teml'erature C C) a Year (days ) ( hr s mins )

E ar t h

Saturn

2 3

(j, ~ ~ Y ll i) Read the article

ingilizdili.org

t Answer the questions

1 Wh e n did s ci e nti s t s de ci de t hat P l u t o was n o longe r a plan e t ?

2 What i s P l ut o now cla ss i f ied as?

3 W h at is 2003 UB 3 13 forma ll y k n own a s?

praCtice

Look at the table and write the answers

1 Wh i c h dwa r f p l ane t has t h e l argest d ia m ete r ?

2 Which dwarf p l anet has t h e sma ll est dia m e t er?

3 W h ich dwar f p l a n e t i s the war m est?

4 W h ic h dwarf pla n e t is t he col d es t ?

5 Wh ich dwarf planet h a s t h e sho rt est year?

6 Wh ic h d warf p l ane t ha s t h e l ongest yea r?

7 Whic h dwarf p l a n et h a s the s h ortes t d a y?

8 W hi c h dwarf p l a ne t h as th e l o nge s t da y?

9 H ow ma n y da y s a f e th e e i n a ye ar on P l ut o?

10 W hi c h dwa rf p la ne t i s th e cl oses t t o t h e S un ?

• :tl~ Use the t ab l e to fin d a n d

com p a r e the information yo u need

Look at the highlighted words in the article Find out what they mean using the Mini·dictionary on pages 69-72

25

Integtation

12 Read the paragraph Then write the missing information in the table

Mercu r y is t h e closes t pla n et to t he Sun, with a dis t ance of 58 mill i on kilometers It has

a surface temperature of 427 degrees Ce l s i us d u ring t h e day and -173 d egrees Celsius at

n ig h t Venus is between Mercu r y a n d Earth A yea r on Venus i s 225 days long and each d ,

l asts for 2,802 hou r s Ma r s is 6,794 kilometers in d i ameter a n d is 228 million kilometers from t h e Sun A day l asts f or 24 ho ur s a n d 42 mi n u t es

~ Listen and comp , lete the table

Write statements based on the information above Then tell the class

2

) 1)~1"4)4 Read the passage

Would life on Mars be better?

Problems on our own p l anet Earth make a lot of people think that we may need to find a new

planet to live on Of the planets

in the so l ar system, Mars is the most popular choice It is very similar to Earth, which is why life

on Mars might be easier than on other planets

The Martian and Earth days are almost the same-Q day on Mars

is about 24 hours Mars and Earth have about the same land surface area Both have

an atmosphere and water Mars a l so has seasons, just like Earth These similarities

mean that life on Mars for humans could be possible-it could be close to the life

humans have on Earth

However, the differences between Mars and Earth make living on Mars challenging

There are 687 days in each Martian year and each season would be nearly twice as

long as an Earth season Even though Mars has an atmosphere, it is very thin and is

main l y carbon dioxide-there is not enough oxygen fo r humans to breathe! There is

little water on Mar s and it co uld be very hard to find Also, it is very cold on Mars

and gravity is weaker

27

Underline the stated main idea in each paragraph Then circle where in the paragraph it is

Paragraph 1: sta rt I middle I end

Paragraph 2: start I middle I end

Paragraph 3: start I middle I end

Cross-scan the paragraphs in the passage and write the answers

Look at the table and write the answers

Connecting Continents

adill g Skill

Understanding settings

Setting is the time, place and situation in a passage Know i ng t h e sett i ng helps you identify

things that happened in the past, are real in the present or possible in the fut u re

Circle the correct setting

The B ering S tr ait is the sea that

separates Alaska from Siberia

The strait is narrow-it is only

about 85 km wide Winters in the

strai t are long and dark, with the

temperature going down as low

as -SO degrees Celsius

past / p r ese n t / futur e

2

A bridge connecting Asia and the Americas would be very special People would be able to travel easily from one side of the world to the other Trade would increase, and people could learn about other cultures more easily For these reasons this b r idge would be called the Intercontinental Peace Bridge

p as t I p rese nt I fu tu re

29

15 Read the passage

Bridge to Tomorrow

te mp e ra t u re g oi n g dow n as low as -50 de gr ees Ce l s i us

In t h e mi ddle of th e s trai t afe two i s l a nd s kn o wn as

b etwee n t h e D io m e d e I s l a n ds Th is m e an s t h a t fro m

Alaska ( U.S )

ca n look across a t "to m orrow" on B ig Dio m e d e (o n th e " od L ==:'== "':: :J

-

A m e ri cas fr o m Asia T h o u sa nd s of years a go, th ese ~all

t wo c ontin e nt s wer e co nn ec t e d L o w e r se a l evels d uring t h e Ic e A g e s how ed a hug e l a nd t hat

joi n ed th em P eo pl e t h e n crossed over fro m Asia to li ve a ll ove r th e A m e ri cas

P eo p le a r e n o w s a ying t h a t it i s tim e to co nn ect t h e co nti ne n ts a g a i n T o d o th is, a hu ge

an d wint e r w i nd s A lso, it w o uld probab ly o nly b e usabl e du ri ng th e s umm e r m o nth s

1"\1 cl::; ka - "

Bu t t h e b rid ge wou l d b e

ve r y spec ial P e o p l e w o u l d

be ab le t o tra v el eas il y fro m o n e s i de o f t he wo r ld

I nt e r co ntin e nt a l P e ce

B r i dge

Answer the questions

1 What does the B e ring S trait se parate?

2 How wid e is the B e ring S trait?

3 Why ca n you see tom o rrow fr o m Littl e Diomed e?

A bridge co nn ec ting A l aska and Siberia would tak e

a long tim e to build

The Bering S trait i s the se a tha t separates A la s ka

and Sibe ria

Tho u sands of yea r s ago, Asia a nd the Americas

Peop l e could l ear n about other culture s mor e eas ily

From "today" on Littl e Diomede, you can l ook

across at "tomorrow" o n Bi g Diom e de

Lower sea levels durin g the lee Age s how ed a hu ge

l and connecting Asia and Americas

, :;;, Look for words that show present (is, can, has), past (were) and future (would) settings

Look at the highlighted words in 1the passage Find out what they mean using

the Mini·dictionary on pages 69-7' 2

31

kilometers of n ew roads and railway tracks wou ld have

to b e buil t

Futur e

1

2

I think we can build the (1)

Peace Bridge I f th e bridge pillars are very (2) _ _

(4) _ _ _ _ _ icebe r gs Ru ss i a has already made railways

that are a lm os t (5) _ _

railways that are (6)

l ong So it is poss i b l e to make _ _ enough to re c h the coasts

Work with a classmate On a separate piece of paper, design

a bridge that connects Asia and the Americas Then present

it to the class,

brochures can make you want to buy something

Label the parts of the brochure Write the letter

D what you get after the tour

E name of th e tour company

33

18 Read the brochure

Climb to the top of the amazing

Sydney Harbour Bridge and look

down 134 meters at the water

below! This 4-hour climbing tour

departs 5 times a day Make your

reservation now!

Tour includes :

* A certificate to prove you climbed the bridge

We also provide you with:

* Special clothes to protect you from the strong wi nd

* A radio to communicate with the tour leader

* A s p e cial harness and rope to make sure you are safe

* Snac s (for lunch and twilight tours only)

* A special bridge flashlight (for twilight and night

tours only)

* Prices are i n Aust r alian d ll a r s

* Tour times and p rices m ay c h a n ge

Maximum 2 c hildr e n p e r adult

Write the answers

What kind of tour does the brochure advertise?

H ow much does it cos t for a 1 2-year-o ld child to take a twilight tour in August?

How many tours are offered every day? _

How long does the tour last?

How high above the water does the tour tClke people?

Whot does th e tour includ e?

What Ofe provided to ensure safety on th e t ours?

What is not provided for th e night tour?

How much would it cost for one adult and two children to take an afternoon tour on a

Sunday in November?

o Ca n ch ildr en go on the tour by themselves?

1 1 Why does a person get a certificate after th e tour? - - -

-12 In which months are th e prices low e r? _ _ _

W rite notes on the brochure t o help

you find and r emember the inf or m atio n

easily_ Write things like ·pr i ces· and - dates :

Look at the highlighted words in the brochure Find out what they mean us i ng the Mini·dictionary on pages 69-72,

35

- certificate, / look like? - if it rains?

- $ / 1 Sep to 30 Nov / why?

- di9ital camera / allowed?

r ~ l" '~ 1 i91 9 Read the brochure

Take the Millau Viaduct

bicycle tour!

Feel w h at i t's like to fl y lik e a bird

above the morning clouds

We prov i de the bicycle, protective

gear and a gUide w h o will tell you

all about the b r idge

Saturday s, Sundays and public holidays

In 1989, the French government was

l ook in g for a way to so l ve th e traffic problem in the Tarn Valley Officials wan t ed to bu i ld a new bridge t o stop

t he cars from gett i ng stuck in t h e

va ll ey But they were worried about

b uil d in g so m e t h in g th at m igh t destroy the scenery or upset the people who li ved in t he valley

In December 2004 the Millau Viaduct opened T h e br idge i s so bea u tiful

t hat i t a l mos t looks li ke a natural part of the valley With some parts of

th e b ri dge t all e r tha n th e Eiffel Tower, tourists (number i ng 10,000-25.000 every day) can drive on the bridge and feel like they are flying over t h e valley Be l ow t h e bridge, the valley's peop l e are en j oy i ng li f e wi th f ewe r cars and less pollution

37

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38

Write a sentence from the brochure that shows mood

Write the answers

1 What kind o f tour do es the brochur e adv ert is e?

2 How much wou l d it cost for one adult and two c hildr e n to take the tour?

3 On whic h da ys con you take the tour ?

4 What does th e tour company provide?

5 Ca n two children, aged seve n and 10, tak e t h e tour t og eth er? Why or w h y n ot ?

-Look at the history of the Millau Viaduct Circle the correct setting

3 beautiful bridge L 3 o p e nin g of the bridg e ,

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