TỔNG hợp NGỮ PHÁP tiếng anh

Ta sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ để bổ sung thông tin cho sự vật, hiện tượng con người được nhắc đến trong câu mà không cần phải dùng câu thứ 2.. d THAT: có thể thay thế cho vị trí của who, wh

Trang 1

Ta sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ để bổ sung thông tin cho sự vật, hiện tượng con người

được nhắc đến trong câu mà không cần phải dùng câu thứ 2 Bằng cách kết hợp các

câu lại với nhau bằng mệnh đề quan hệ, bài viết sẽ trở nên lưu loát hơn và có thể tránh việc lặp lại một số từ ngữ nhất định

Ex: A girl is talking to Tom Do you know the girl?

Hỏi 2 câu như thế sẽ rất dài dòng Ta gộp lại bằng mệnh đề quan hệ như sau:

Do you know the girl who is talkng to Tom?

1 Đại từ quan hệ: ( Relative pronouns )

Khi các đại từ who, whom, whose, which, that được dùng để giới thiệu mệnh đề

quan hệ, chúng được gọi là đại từ quan hệ

a) WHO: được dùng làm chủ ngữ (subject) hoặc tân ngữ (object) thay cho danh từ

chỉ người

Ex: - The man who is standing over there is Mr.Pike ( Người đứng ở kia là ông Pike)

- That’s the girl who has won the medal

( Đó là cô gái đã đoạt huy chương vàng)

- The girl who you saw at the concert is Jonh’s sister

( Cô gái mà bạn gặp ở buổi hòa nhạc là em gái của John)

b) WHOM : dùng làm tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ( thay cho who) Whom thường

được dùng trong văn phong trang trọng

Ex:

- I was invited by the professor whom/ who I met at the conference

( Tôi được mời bởi vị giáo sư, người mà tôi gặp ở hội nghị )

The boy whom/ who you are looking for is Tom

Trang 2

S ư u t ầ m , t ổ n g h ợ p P a g e 2 | 32

c) WHICH:

 Dùng để làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ thay cho danh từ chỉ đồ vật, con vật

Ex:

- This is the book which I like best ( Đây là cuốn sách mà tôi thích nhất)

- The cat which I recently bought is a tri – colored cat ( con mèo tôi vừa mua là một con mèo tam thể )

- The accident which Daniel saw wasn’t very dangerous ( Tai nạn mà Daniel đã chứng kiến không nghiêm trọng lắm)

 Dùng để chỉ nguyên 1 câu/ mệnh đề

- He couldn’t read, which surprised me

- He got bad mark, which made his parents sad

d) THAT: có thể thay thế cho vị trí của who, whom, which trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác

định

 Các trường hợp thường dùng “ that”

- Khi đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất

He is the most intelligent boy that I have ever met

She is one of the kindest people (that) I know

- Sau các tiền tố hỗn hợp cả người lẫn vật

We can see farmers and cattle that are going to the field

- Sau các đại từ bất định: nothing, everything, something, anything

He just said anything that came into his head

- Sau all, little, much, none được dùng như đại từ

These walls are all that remain of the city

 Các trường hợp không dùng “that”:

- Sau mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định

- Sau giới từ

Laura couldn’t find the box in that she kept her photos

Laura couldn’t find the box in which she kept her photos ( đúng)

e) WHOSE : để chỉ sự sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật đứng trước Whose được

dùng như những từ hạn định đứng trước danh từ thay cho các tính từ sở hữu his, her, its, their Whose + noun có thể làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ

The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom

John found a cat whose leg was broken

It was a meeting whose purpose I didn’t understand

Note: thay vì dùng WHOSE , ta cũng có thể dùng OF WHICH để chỉ sự sở hữu của vật

( of which kém trang trọng hơn whose)

Trang 3

Ex: He’s writen a book whose name I’ve forgetten = He’s writen a book the name of which I’ve forgetten

2 Trạng từ quan hệ ( Relative adverbs)

Các trạng từ như where, when, why có thể được dùng để chỉ mệnh đề quan hệ sau các

danh từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn và lí do

a) WHY: mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ chỉ lý do, thường thay cho cụm for the reason, for that reason

… N (reason) + WHY + S + V …

Ex: I don’t know the reason You didn’t go to school for that reason

→ I don’t know the reason why you didn’t go to school

b) WHERE: thay thế từ chỉ nơi chốn, thường thay cho there

….N (place) + WHERE + S + V …

(WHERE = ON / IN / AT + WHICH)

Ex: The hotel wasn’t very clean We stayed at that hotel

→ The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean

→ The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t very clean

c) WHEN: thay thế từ chỉ thời gian, thường thay cho từ then

….N (time) + WHEN + S + V …

(WHEN = ON / IN / AT + WHICH)

Ex: Do you still remember the day? We first met on that day

→ Do you still remember the day when we first met

→ Do you still remember the day on which we first met?

I don’t know the time She will come back then

→ I don’t know the time when she will come back

NOTE:

- Trong mệnh đề quan hệ XÁC ĐỊNH when và why có thể lược bỏ, thay thế bằng that

Ex: I’ll never forget the day ( when/ that) I met her

The reason (why/ that) I didn’t phone you was that I didn’t have your phone number

- Where có thể bỏ hoặc thay thế bằng that khi where đứng sau các từ somewhere,

anywhere, everywhere, nowhere và place ( không được bỏ khi where đứng sau các từ

khác)

Ex: Have you got somewhere ( where/ that) I can lie down for an hour

( Bạn có chỗ nào cho tôi ngã lưng một tiếng đồng hồ không)

We need a place ( where/ that) we can stay for a few days

[ NOT we need a house that we can stay for s few days]

- Không dùng giới từ ( prepositions) trong mệnh đề quan hệ bằng các trạng từ quan hệ

where, when và why

Ex: The building in where he lives is very old ( Sai )

Nhưng có thể dùng: The building in which he lives is very old

Trang 4

I’ll never forget the day when I met you [ NOT on when I met you or when I met you on]  when = on which

- Where có thể được dùng mà không có danh từ chỉ nơi chốn đi trước

Ex: Put it where we can all see it

Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định

1 Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): là mệnh đề được dùng để

xác định danh từ đứng trước nó Mệnh đề xác định là mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa của câu, không có nó câu sẽ không đủ nghĩa Nó được sử dụng khi danh từ là danh

từ không xác định và không dùng dấu phẩy ngăn cách nó với mệnh đề chính

Ex: The city which I visited last summer is very beautiful

(Defining relative clause)

Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, ta có thể bỏ các đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ who, whom, which, that và các trạng từ when, why, nhất là trong lối văn thân mật

Ex: The women you met yesterday works in advertising (bỏ whom/who )

The book you lent me was very interesting ( bỏ which/that)

Do you remember the day we met each other? (bỏ when)

2 Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định (Non-defining relative clauses): là mệnh đề

cung cấp thêm thông tin về một người, một vật hoặc một sự việc đã được xác định Mệnh đề không xác định là mệnh đề không nhất thiết phải có trong câu, không có nó câu vẫn đủ nghĩa Nó được sử dụng khi danh từ là danh từ xác định và được ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bằng một hoặc hai dấu phẩy (,) hay dấu gạch ngang (-)

Ex: Dalat, which I visited last summer, is very beautiful

(Non-defining relative clause)

- Không dùng đại từ quan hệ THAT trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định

- Không thể bỏ các đai từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ who/ whom/ which và các trạng từ

where/ when/ why của mệnh đề không xác định

Note: để biết khi nào dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, ta lưu ý các điểm sau:

- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một danh từ riêng

- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their)

- Khi danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa là một danh từ đi với this , that, these, those

Trong mệnh đề quan hệ, khi mệnh đề quan hệ làm tân ngữ của giới từ thì giới từ thường có 2 vị trí, trước các đại từ quan hệ hoặc sau động từ

Chỉ áp dụng cho 2 đại từ quan hệ : WHOM & WHICH

Trang 5

1 Giới từ đứng trước đại từ : dùng trong lối văn TRANG TRỌNG

Ex:

- The man to whom my mother is talking is my form teacher

- The restaurant to which we normally go is closed today

- Mr Carter, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan

- Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got lost

2 Giới từ đứng sau động từ: dùng trong lối văn THÂN MẬT

Ex:

That’s the man who/ whom/ that I was talking about

The picture that/which she was looking at was famous

Sandra, who/ whom we had been waiting for, finally arrived

Yesterday we visit the musium, which I’ve never been to before

Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định, đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ của giới từ ( who, whom, which, that) thường được bỏ và giới từ luôn đứng sau động từ

Ex:

That’s the man I was talking about

The picture she was looking at was famous

Was that the restaurant you normally go to?

NOTE:

- Giới từ không đứng trước that hoặc who

She is the women who I told you about

[ NOT: She is the women about who I told you ]

The bus that I’m waiting for is late

[NOT : The bus for that I’m waiting is late.]

- Với cụm động từ ( phrasal verb ) thì giới từ không đứng trước whom và which

Ex: Did you find the word which/that you were looking up ?

[ NOT the word up which you were looking ]

The child who/ whom/ that I have looked after for a year is very naughty

[NOT after whom I have looked ]

- Giới từ without không dùng ở vị trí sau động từ

Ex: The woman without whom I can’t live is Jane

[ NOT the woman whom/ who I can’t live without ]

3 Trong mệnh đề KHÔNG xác định, các cụm từ chỉ số lượng all of/ most of/ neither of/ either of/ many of/ có thể được dùng với whom, which và whose

Trang 6

Ex: Mary had three brothers, all of whom are married

[ NOT all of who]

Tom tried on three jackets, none of which fitted him

Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office

She had a Teddy bear, both of whose eyes were missing

1 Mệnh đề quan hệ được rút thành cụm phân từ:

Mệnh đề quan hệ chứa các đại từ quan hệ làm chủ từ who, which, that có thể được

rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại phân từ (V-ing) hoặc quá khứ phân từ (V3/ed)

a) Hiện tại phân từ ( V-ing)

Được dùng khi mệnh đề quan hệ cần rút gọn ở dạng chủ động

Bỏ who, which, that và be ( nếu có ) và lấy động từ thêm ING

- The man who is standing there is handsome

The man standing there is handsome ( bỏ who is )

- The president made a speech for the famous man who visited him

The president made a speech for the famous man visiting him

b) Quá khứ phân từ ( V3/ed)

Được dùng khi mệnh đề quan hệ cần rút gọn ở dạng bị động

Bỏ who, which, that và be, chuyển động từ về quá khứ phân từ

Ex: The book which is written by Mr.A is interesting

The book written by Mr.A is interesting ( bỏ which, is, đưa write về written )

2 Cụm danh từ ( Noun phrases)

- Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định có thể rút gọn bằng cụm danh từ

- Dùng khi mệnh đề tính từ có dạng

S+ BE + DANH TỪ / CỤM DANH TỪ/ CỤM GIỚI TỪ

Cách làm : bỏ who, which và be

Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health

Football, a popular sport, is very good for health

George Washington, who was the first president of the United States, was a general in

the army

George Washington, the first president of the United States, was a general in the army

Trang 7

This is the only student who can do the problem

This is the only student to do the problem

The caption was the last man who left the ship

The caption was the last man to leave the ship

New Zealand was the first country which gave women the vote

New Zealand was the first country to give women the vote

b Khi muốn diễn đạt mục đích và sự cho phép

The children need a big yard which they can play in

The children need a big yard to play in

c Đầu câu có HERE (BE),THERE (BE)

There are six letters which have to be written today

There are six letters to be written today

Here is a form that you must fill in

Here is a form for you to fill in

NOTE:

Trong phần to inf này các bạn cần nhớ 2 điều sau:

- Nếu chủ ngữ của 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm cụm for sb trước to inf

We have some picture books that children can read

Trang 8

We have some picture books for children to read

Tuy nhiên nếu chủ từ đó là đại từ có nghĩa chung chung như we,you,everyone thì có thể không cần ghi ra

Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about

Studying abroad is the wonderful thing (for us ) to think about

- Nếu trước relative pronoun có giới từ thì phải đem xuống cuối câu ( đây là lỗi dễ sai nhất)

We have a peg on which we can hang our coat

We have a peg to hang our coat on

NOTE: PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI LOẠI RÚT GỌN:

Khi học thì ta học từ dễ đến khó nhưng khi làm bài thì ngược lại phải suy luận từ khó đến

This is the first man who was arrested by police yesterday

Mới nhìn ta thấy đây là câu bị động ,nếu vội vàng thì sẽ dễ dàng biến nó thành :

This is the first man arrested by police yesterday (sai)

Thật ra đáp án là : “This is the first man to be arrested by police yesterday đúng”

Vậy thì làm thế nào để không sai:

Các em hãy lần lượt làm theo các bước sau:

1 Nhìn xem mệnh đề có công thức S + BE + CỤM DANH TỪ không? Nếu có thì áp dụng công thức rút gọn thành cụm danh từ

2 Nếu không có công thức đó thì xem tiếp trước who, which có các dấu hiệu first, only v v không, nếu có thì áp dụng công thức đổi sang cụm động từ nguyên mẫu (to inf.) lưu ý thêm xem 2 chủ từ có khác nhau không ( để dùng for sb )

3 Nếu không có 2 trường hợp trên mới xét xem câu đó chủ động hay bị động mà dùng VING hay P.P

Trang 9

B Bài tập

TRẮC NGHIỆM

1 What the name of the man gave us a lift ?

A he B what C which D who

2 Were you able to locate the person _ wallet you found?

A Which B that his C whose D that’s

3 My friend Nigel, _ works in the city, earns much more than I do

A That B which C who D whose

4 Every one _ the building was searched by the police

A Enter B entered C entering D enters

5 Yesterday was the hottest day _ remember

A that can B Which can C which I can D I can

6 There was little we could do to help her

A which B what C that D when

7 Atlanta is the city the olympic games were held in 1996

A That B when C where D which

8 Ann quit her job at the advertising agency, surprised

everyone

A Which B that C who D that it

9 Is this the adress you want the package sent ?

A That B to that C to which D to

10 What was that notice ?

A At that you were looking C you were looking at

B You were looking at D which you were looking

11 Little Women, in 1868, is my favorite book

A Is a novel published C a novel was published

B Was a novel published D was a novel published

12 I have three brothers, _ are businessmen

A All of which B all of those C all of whom D all of who

13 The chemistry book _ was a little expensive

A That I bought it C what I bought

B I bought that D I bought

14 We passed shops windows were decorated for christmas

A The B their C which D whose

15 “why do you get up at 4:00 am ?” “ because it’s the only time _

without being interupteD

A When I can work on my book

Trang 10

B When I can work on my book at

C When I can work on my book then

D At when I can work on my book

16 I didn’t believe them at first but in fact every thing _ was true

A They said B that they said to C what they said D to which they said

17 That book is by a famous anthropologist It’s about the people in Samoa _

for 2 years

A That she lived

B that she lived among them

C among whom she lived

D where she lived among whom

18 Do you remember Mrs Goddard, _taught us english

composition

A Who B whom C that D which

19 Only a few of movies _ on Tv are suitable for children

A Which show B showing C shown D are shown

20 Do you have the book the teacher

A That it belongs to

B To which belongs to

C To which belongs

D That belongs to

21 York, _ last year, is a nice lod city

A I visited B that I visited C which I visited D whom I

visited

22 Neil Amstrong, the first person _on the moon, reported that the

surface was fine and powdery

A That set foot B set foot C setting foot D to set foot

23 They left me at the bus stop _ they had met me the week before

A Where B which C when D that

24 Thanks giving is a time everyone eats turkey in American

A At that time B when C that D b & c

25 The girl _ is my neighbor

A Talks to the lady over there

B Is talking to the lady over there

C Was talking to the lady over there

D Talking to the lady over there

26 Vladimir Putin said that he loved his wife and two daughters as well as his dog,

also a female, so much

Trang 11

A Which was B that were C all of whom were D which were

27 His father is a bank manager, makes him easy to have a good joB

A Whom B which C who D that

28 World trade patterns indicative of the important economic issues confront the world today

A What B that C who D they

29 Jackie Joyner- Kersce, the world record in the heptathlon in the 1988 olympics, also won the long jump in that year

A Whose setting B which she set C whoever set D who set

30 Hiram Revels, the first black member of the United State Senate, served as

senator for Missisippi, an office _ he was elected in 1870

A Which B in which C and which D being which

31 Medical research at the cellular level, _ research on the immune system, has been made possible through twentieth – century advances in techniques of genetic research

A Which B whereas C such as D is also

32 Not only much bigger than any other planets, but unlike the planets, it consists completely of gaseous material

A The sun is B the Sun, which is C is the sun D that the Sun

33 The olimpics marathon distance in the ancient times to honor a message who ran from Marathon to Athens to deliver vital news and then died

A Established B was established C establishing D which establisheD

34 It’s not until December 25 the exam results will be announceD

A Which B what C that D when

35 My friends gave me a suprising party, was good of them

A Which B this C that D what

36 Have I told you about the government is dealing

A The problem with which

B The problem with that

C The problem

D The problem that

37 I’ve put Mr Matthew’s paper in your green file, _ is on your desk

A Whose B that C which D who

38 Vending machine is an automatic machine with drinks and sweets, _ you put coins to release whatever you paid for

A.In that B in which C at which D at that

Trang 12

39 He is part of a team _is suggesting the authorities in England reduce the number of vending machines in public places

A Who B of which C whose D which

40 Like you all, I dislike people _ their promise

A Who are not keeping

B That doesn’t keep

C Who don’t keep

D Whom don’t keep

41 Hearing – aid devices are very helpful for _ are hard of hearing

A Those B those who C people D who

42 Are there any house chore for men are better than women

A That/ suit B whose/ suited C which/ suited D which/ suit

43 The trail lead led over sandhills thin grasses and thorny bushed grew

A Where there were B where C that were D that

44 The creation plan _ they disagreed would require the construction of two new dams

A About which B on whom C that D why

45 The school programme _ has been interrupted by revision tests requires

a regular course study

A Whose B who C that D what

46 Credit is given in this semester requires approximately three hours of classroom work

A Where B what C when D which

47 Two courses have the same subjects are in different times

A That B what C when D where

48 You may enrol your course by email can be faster than other

registration forms

A Whom B which C where D when

49 Students register for courses do not have any problems

A Whom B what C who D when

50 August 23rd is the last day you may transfer to another course

A Which B on which C.that D what

51 Our course needs some requirements _are listed here

A Which B when C what D where

52 Before coming to my office, please check the appointments are listed

in my official calender

A When B why C that D what

Trang 13

53 The appointment continues beyond three hours is always very

important for my customers

A When B who C what D which

54 The girl _ dress you admire has been working for an expo company since she left school

A Who B whose C what D whom

55 Students _ special accomodations should contact the private

dormitory office immediately

A Whom require B that are require C require D requiring

56 This book is about introduction to Indians _ culture started in the

medieval century

A Whose B who C what D whom

57 Your company can see our records all technical information can be seen

A Which B on which C at which D from

which

58 With reference to your email 20th, May our firm thanks for your information

A Which dated B which is dating C dated D what is dated

59 Did they buy every thing _?

A They wished to buy

B What they wished buy

C Which they had planned buying

D What they wished to buy

60 I never forget the time my motorbike broke down in a very crowded street

A Where B when C that D in which

61 I couldn’t remember the time there was no internet

A When B why C which D what

62 The restaurant we had our dinner was the most expensive in this city

A When B which C where D that

63 The top mode about _ I was telling is on TV now

A Who B whom C that D which

64 I’m thinking of entering the university _ facilities anf exellent

A Who B that C when D whose

65 Is there a reason she doesn’t want to talk in the lecture ?

A Why B which C that D when

66 Are you the student mother called me yesterday ?

Trang 14

A That B who C whose D when

67 Is that the same film - we what last year

A Who B when C for which D 0

68 Mary, _ has only been in Japan for 3 months, speaks Japanese perfectly

A That B whom C Who D which

69 Dick, _ we met in New Jesey, is going to meet us next week

A When B who C which D that

70 Who was the young boy this morning

A Who you talked B whom you talked C you talked D you talked to

71 The reason _ I didn’t call you is that my father didn’t let me use my cell phone

A Why B which C when D what

72 “ which is your daughter ?”

“ she is the child has long, straight hair “

A Whose B who C which D when

73 I don’t think my girl friend will remember the day we saw each other for the first time

A Which B at which C on which D that

74 August is the month _ I always give my birthday’s parties

A In which B which C what D why

75 The purse _ she has lost last week was found yesterday

A Whom B what C of which D which

76 The old lady we were traveling told us her life story

A With whom B of whom C with whose D whom

77 She says the exam, _ she took yesterday, was full of hard question

A Of which B which C whom D in which

78 Genghis Khan, _name means “very mighty ruler”, was a Mongol

emperor in the Middle Ages

A whom B whose C who D how

79 The children _ sang at the Mayor’s parade were from the local school

A whose B where C who D whom

80 Galileo, _ published works proving that the Earth revolves around the Sun, continued his

scientific experiments even when he went deaf and blind

A when B who C where D whose

81 The school program _ has been interrupted by revision tests, requires a regular course study

A whose B who C what D that

Trang 15

82 Credit is given in this semester requires approximately three hours of classroom work

A which B what C when D where

83 Tow courses have the same subjects are in different times

A that B what C when D where

84 You may enroll our course by e-mail can be faster than other registration forms

A who B where C which D when

85 The girl dress you admire has been working for an expo company since she left school

A who B what C whose D whom

86 The young man was released after the court was found innocent of all the charges against him

A who B who he C which D whose

87 Is that the same film we watched last year?

A when B which C why D who

88 The girl I borrowed the dictionary asked me to use it carefully

A whose B from whom C from whose D whom

89 The pupils _ we took to the amusement park behaved themselves very well

A which B with whom C whom D which

90 Bournemouth, we are going to visit next summer, is a real paradise for the retireD

A that B what C which D in which

91 Thatcher, _ birthplace was above a shop in the small English town of

Grantham, became Prime Minister of Britain four years after she had become the leader of the Conservative Party in 1975

A where B whose C in which D which

92 First jeans, _ became fashionable for women after they saw them in

Vogue magazine, were made by two Americans, Jacob Davis and Levi Strauss

A that B whose C of which D which

93 The first television picture _ John Logier Baird transmitted on 25,

November, 1905 was a boy worked in the office next to Baird’s

workroom in London

A which / whom B who / which C that/ whose D that / who

94 Felix Hoffman, a 29-year-old chemist worked for the German company Bayer, invented the drug Aspirin in April 1879

A where B whose C whom D who

Trang 16

A whose B that is C what D which

97 The pollution they were talking is getting worse

A that B about which C which D whom

98 The engineer _ our company relies is on holiday

A who B on whom C whose D whom

99 The dam _ they plan to build will cover acres of forest

A which B to which C whom D where

100 He is a talented cricket player abilities include fast bowling and powerful batting

A where B whose C whom D of which

101 Eastern Rwanda is very different from the South-west, _ monkeys, birds and orchids thrive in the high altitude primary

A when B where C which D who

102 Wednesday is the day _ a tour guide leads a tour around the

town’s historical places

A when B which C whose D where

103 Robert Riva, an Italia used to play for Cremonese, now coaches Reigate under 11’s football team

A when B which C where D who

104 The town the folk festival is taking place is usually a quiet resort

A when B where C whom D which

105 As a celebrity many children admire, it is important for her to act responsibly

A when B where C whom D whose

106 We always hold a family barbecue in our garden on Independence

A what B that C when D which

107 When I was at school There was a girl in my class _ skin was so sensitive that she couldn’t expose her skin to the sun even with cream on

A where B whose C whom D that

Trang 17

108 We’ll row until the spot the river bends and then we’ll turn back

A where B when C whose D which

109 On the days _ I feel I need to reflect on the past and plan my future, I sit by the river and watch the swans swim past

A when B where C whose D which

110 My mother’s Elvis Presley tape, she listened to every day, has broken in the music centre

A which B what C whose D who

111 Unfortunately, the friend with _ intended to go on holiday to Side is ill, so I’ll have to cancel my trip

A who B whom C where D that

112 According to the research, the time at most road accidents happen

114 Blenheim Palace, _ Churchill was born , is now open to the publiC

A when B where C which D whose

115 Students _ register for courses do not have any problems

A whom B who C what D when

116 August 23rd is the last date _ you may tr August 23rd is the last date _ you may transfer to another course

August 23rd is the last date _ you may transfer to another course

ansfer to another course

A which B on which C why D what

117 Our course needs some requirements _ are listed here

A what B when C which D where

Trang 18

118 Before coming to my office, please check the appointment _ are listed in my official calendar

A that B why C when D where

119 I never forget the time _ my motorbike broke down in a very crowded street

A where B what C when D in which

120 I couldn’t remember the time _ there was no internet

A what B who C which D when

121 The restaurant _ we had our dinner was the most expensive in this city

A where B which C when D that

122 The top model about _ I was telling you is on TV now

A who B which C that D whom

123 Are you student mother called me yesterday?

A whose B who C that D when

124 Mary, has only been in Japan for 3 months, speaks Japanese

perfectly

A that B whom C which D who

125 Who is your daughter? She is the child _ has long, straight hair

A whose B who C which D when

126 August is the month I always give my birthday parties

A which B in which C what D who

127 The purse she had lost last week was found yesterday

A which B what C whose D whom

128 The old lady we were travelling told us her life story

A of whom B with whom C whose D whom

129 She says the exam, she took yesterday, was full of hard questions

A which B of which C whom D of whose

130 I called my cousin, is a mechanic, to fix my car, _ was broken

A who / which B that / all of which C who / all of which D who / what

131 My only blue tie, _ Richard wants to wear, is really an expensive one

A that B whose C which D whom

132 This is the village _ my family and I lived for six years

A in which B that C on which D in where

133 She is a famous actress everybody admires

A to whom B whom C to which D of whom

Trang 19

134 The food I like best of all is pie alamode

A who B whose C whom D that

135 Justine, parents live in Christchurch, has gone to Southampton

A whom B which C to whom D whose

136 The old building was behind the local church fell down

A of which B which C whose D whom

137 They would like a teacher native language is English

A who B whose C whom D that

138 The person with she’s been working for sometime is very friendly

A who B that C which D whom

139 My nephew chose a lot of toys at the Toy World store for his

father, is my elder brother, paid a large amount of money

A which / whose B whom / who C which / who D who / who

140 This is the time of month a lot of retired people are waiting in queues in front of the banks for their pensio

A when B which C whom D where

141 The man was in charge of the management didn’t seem friendly to

us at all

A who B whom C where D when

142 The physics teacher, behavior I don’t like much, makes things harder for the students

A who B that C whom D whose

143 The farmer says he can’t remember a time the winter was as severe

as it is this year

A which B when C where D whose

144 I think the Chinese are the people habits are the most peculiar to us

A which B whom C when D whose

145 I saw several buildings, were damaged by the earthquake

A most of which B most of them C all of whom D some of whose

146 The people to _ she was speaking didn’t know German

A who B whose C that D whom

147 This is the time of month _ a lot of retired people are waiting in queues in front of the bank of their pensions

A Which B when C whom D where

friendly to us at all

A Who B whom C 0 D when

Trang 20

149 The physics teacher, behavior I don’t like much, makes thing harder for the student

A Who B that C whom D whose

150 The farmer says he can’t remember a time _ the winter was as serve

as it is this year

A Which B when C where D why

151 Lan, husband died of lung cancer only 10 weeks after they married, gave up smoking

A Whom B who C that D whose

152 In the torch light, he caught sight of a figure _ he immediately

as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer

A Whom B when C that D where

153 I saw several building, _ was damage by the earthquake

A All of whom B most of them C most of which D none of

which

A Who B whose C that D whom

155 She likes the village _ she was born

A Which B in that C where D on which

156 Sunday is the day _ most of the Christians usually go to

church

A In which B at which C that D when

157 The baker _ John quarerelled didn’t want to sell them any bread

A With whom B who C with which D to whom

the real paradise for the retired

A That B what C which D in which

159 Thatcher, _ birthplace was above a shop in the small english town

of Grantham, became Prime Minister of Britain 4 years after she had become the leader of the Conservative Party in 1975

A Where B whose C in which D at which

160 George Washington started the building of the White House, _

he never live

A Whose B that C in which D which

161 First jeans, became fashonable for women after they saw them in vogue magazines, were made by two Americans, Jacob Davis and Levi Strauss

A Who B which C of which D that

Trang 21

162 The first television picture _ Join Logie transmitted on 25 November, 1905 was a boy worked in the office next to Baird’s workroom in London

A That – whose B that – which C who – which D that – who

163 To calm his angry girlfriend, John offered an apology………Jane did not accept

clean bathroom towel

until his eyes were blurry with fatigue

A Justin, whom B Justin who C Justin, who D Justin, that

166 The children………skateboard in the street are especially noisy in the early evening

A that/ whom B who/ who C whom/ that D whose/ which

169 It took me a while to get used to people………eat

A whose/ whom B that/ which C who/ that D whom/ whose

171 This is the house………I lived when I first came to the US

173 My friend eventually decided to get divorced, ………upset me a lot

174 I saw a lot new people at the party, ………seemed familiar

security

Trang 22

177 The old man and his two dogs………were seriously burnt in the fire last week have gradually recovered

179 ………used to be the tallest building in the world, is still a popular tourist attraction

A The Empire State Building

B It is The Empire State Building, which

C It is The Empire State Building, that

D The Empire State Building, which

180 ………was the first president of the United States, is a symbol of honesty, bravery, and patriotism

A George Washington

B George Washington, that

C George Washing, who

D That was George Washington

neeD

and Presidents’ Day

184 Travelling on holiday, ………I love to do, can be very expensive

together

Trang 23

talk to him

bestseller

189 ………is located at 68th Park, is part of the City University of New York

A Hunter College, which

B Hunter College which

C Hunter College, that

D Hunter College, where

190 If she cannot find………reliable to take care of her children, she may not join us

A someone is B Someone which is C who is D Someone who is

the hill

192 Experts all agree that dreams………great anxiety and stress are called nightmare

A when cause B whom cause C caused D which cause

195 ………small two-winged insects, can spread fatal diseases like malaria and dengue fever

A Mosquitoes are

B Mosquitoes, which are

C Mosquitoes, that are

Trang 24

D They are mosquitoes

196 That horrible incident occurred in 1967, ………I was still a baby

A I have ever seen

B whom I have ever seen

C that I have ever seen them

D where I have ever seen

A he had alwas preferred

B whom he had always preferred

C he had always preferred whom

D that he had always preferred

A where I do B I do in C In that I do D I do

A whom you were looking

B for whom you were looking

C for who you were looking

D that you were looking

TỰ LUẬN

A Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb

1 She is the most intelligent woman I ‘ve ever met this woman

2 This doctor is famous You visited him yesterday

3 The police want to know the hotel Mr Foster stayed there two weeks ago

4 I have not decided the day I ‘ll go to London on that day

5 He doesn’t want to sell the house He was born in this house

6 I looked at the moon It was very bright that evening

7 The man is my farther I respect this man most

8 The boy is my cousin You made fun of him

9 The man called the police His wallet was stolen

10 A man answered the phone He said Tom was out

11 Phuong Thoa is a singer You like her music best

Trang 25

12 This man was a brave man No one trusted him

13 Tom’s father goes swimming everyday He is 78 years old

14 Do you know the girl? Tom is talking to her

15 Here is his address You should write to it

16 He can change the situation He always likes to do something new

17 I gave it to the poor man His name was Long

18 Uncle Ho lived in that house It is now a museum

19 The man is my teacher His daughter learns with me

20 Her many friends gave her encouragement I like to be considered among them

21 Her father died last year She looked after him for over 20 years

22 The bed has no mattress I sleep on this bed

23 There wasn’t any directory in the telephone box I was phoning from this box

24 Mr Smith said he was too busy to speak to me I had come specially to see him

25 I saw several houses Most of them were quite unsuitable

26 Graham took us to his office It was filled with books

27 Mr Marks is unhappy about the plans for the new dam The stream flows across his farm

28 They picked up five boat-loads of refugees Some of them had been at sea for several months

29 Tom came to the party in patched jeans This surprised the other guests Most of the other guests were wearing evening dress

30 The people didn’t know French He was speaking to these people

31 Mr Jones was very generous about overtime payments I was working for him

32 A woman answered the phone She told me you was busy

33 The bus is always crowded I take it to school every morning

34 They are singing a song I don’t know the song

35 A man spoke to me He was very helpful

36 A midwife is a woman She assists other women in childbirth

37 They are the children Their team won the match

38 The house is for sale It has the green shutters

39 My farther bought a motor bike The motorbike costs 2 thousand dollars

40 They are the postcards I sent them from Australia

41 The house has been built in the forest It doesn’t have electricity

42 The girl chatted with him yesterday She arrived here at 6 : 30

43 I’m reading the book I bought it in London in 1996

44 Trang couldn’t come to the party This was pefectly true

45 Do you know the girl ? Tom is talking to the girl

46 Tuan speaks English very well He comes from Vietnam

47 The man invited me to his party He was really polite

48 A lion is an animal This animal lives in Africa

Trang 26

49 I have a class It begins at 8 a.m

50 A globe is a ball This ball has a map of the world on it

51 The soup was too salty I had it for lunch

52 We are visiting Ha Long Ha Long is in the north of Vietnam

53 My father is an doctor He has gone to abroad

54 Ms Kim Anh will be our History teacher next semester You talked with her yesterday

55 The watch belongs to Lam It is in the bathroom

56 Do you know the new student ? I can’t remember his name

57 Mary is a bit deaf She didn’t hear the phone

58 We’ll meet Peter tomorrow He has 2 brother and one sister

59 We are talking to Viet Nam Viet Nam has a population of 87 million people

60 I should phone the man I borrowed his car yesterday

61 She can’t speak English It is a disadvantage

62 I’m staying with Henry His father works in a bank

63 Do you remember Mrs Lan ? She taught us history

64 The museum was built in 1805 Our class visited it last weekend

65 The man works in the hospital I told you about him

66 Do you like the person ? The person sits next to you

67 The house costs a lot of money My father bought it last year

68 We are visiting the children Their parents died in the storm

69 My sister is rather childish She was trained to be a sewer

70 Colin told me about his new job He enjoys it very much

71 We know a lot of people They live in London

72 We know her grandparents They live in London

73 We met some people Their car had broken down

74 We stayed at the Cau Vong hotel Nam recommended it to us

75 Jane works for a company It makes shoes

76 She told me her address I wrote down it on a piece of paper

77 There are some words They are very difficult to translate

78 John is one of my closest friends I have known him for a very long time

79 A pacifist is a person He believes that all wars are wrong

80 What is the name of the man ? You borrowed his car

81 This watch costs a lot of money I have lost the watch

82 We were given a lot of information Most of the information was useless

83 Julia has two sisters Both of her sisters are teacher

84 I have sent her two letters She has received neither of these letters

85 Mary has three brothers All of her brothers are married

86 They asked me a lot of questions I couldn’t answer most of them

87 Mr Carter is very interested in our plan I spoke to him on the phone last night

88 My computer is expensive I bought it in Bac Giang in 2007

Trang 27

89 The man is my father I respect this man most

90 The man is my father I respect his opinion most

91 We spent our holiday in Thailand last year Thailand is in the South East Asia

92 The shirts are too big My sister bought them for me

93 Ho Chi Minh city is in the north of Viet Nam HCM city is the most populous city in the country

94 My dictionary is not very good Its cover is blue

95 Tuan has just won the second prize in the English contest Tuan’s uncle is a pilot

96 He failed the exam This made his parents disappointed

97 Brenda is a friend.I went on holiday with her

98 This is Mr Smith His son Bill plays in our team

99 The student is from China He sits next to me in the English class

100 That car belongs to Dr Clark Its engine is very good

B Replace the relative clauses by v-ing, Vpp, to inf or inf phrase:

1 The man who is standing there is a clown

2 The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it

3 Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point

in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives

4 My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house

5 The student don’t know how to do exercise which were given by the teacher

yesterday

6 The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to Day in 1982

7 The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well-known orator

8 All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless

9 All students don’t hand in their papers will fail in the exam

10 I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm

11 The street which leads to the school is very wide

12 The system which is used here is very successful

13 Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London

14 The candidates who are sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam

15 We are driving on the road which was built in 1980

16 Customers who complain about the service should see the manager

17 The city which was destroyed during the war has now been rebuil

18 The vegetable which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals

19 The only thing which we can do now is wait and see

20 Who was the first Vietnamese woman that set foot on the Antarctic ?

21 Why am I always the last that finds out about these parties?

Trang 28

22 This is the ideal place where we can build a house of our own

23 It’s the largest breed of horse which was found in America

24 He was the first man who left the burning building

25 The last person who leaves the room must turn out the lights

26 The child is lonely;he would be happier if he had someone that hecould play with

27 Here are some accounts that you must check

28 My brother is the only one who realized the danger

29 The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the Clyde

30 We had a river in which we could swim

31 Neil Armstrong was the 1st man who walked on the moon

32 The 5th man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable

33 I wish we had a garden that my children could play in

34 I have some homework that I must do tonight

35 Have you brought a book that Kevin can read?

36 She is the only woman who was appointed to the board

37 The floor is dusty but I haven’t got a brush that I can sweep it with

38 The last student that was interviewed was Tom

39 We visited Hanoi, which is the capital of VN

40 I was the only one who realized him

41 Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way

42 I was awakened by the sound of a laughter which came from the room which was next to mine at the motel

43 Dalat, which is best known for foreign travellers, has pleasant weather

44 This is the first man who was arrested by police yesterday

45 We have some picture books that children can read

C Correct the below sentences if necessary

1 Peter , whom visited us yesterday , has just graduated from university

2 Miss Huong , that is staying with us , often goes to school by bike

3 New York , where we celebrated our party , is pretty cold in winter

4 New York , we celebrated our party , is pretty cold in winter

5 Do you know the students to who the teacher is talking ?

6 Do you know the students to whom the teacher is talking to ?

7 My sister , whom you met last week , has already gone to abroad

8 My sister , you met last week , has already gone to abroad

9 A night is the time of the day which it is dark outside

10 Dictionary is a book where gives you the meanings of words

11 Dictionary is a book , which gives you the meanings of words

12 Anh is always late for class which makes the teacher angry

13 This car which was broken down last night is quite expensive

14 That’s the house where was built in 2005

Trang 30

A Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb

1 The man standing there is a clown

2 The envelop lying on the table has no stamp on it

3 Benzene, discovered by Faraday, became the starting point

in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives

4 My grandmother, old and sick, never goes out of the house

5 The student don’t know how to do exercise given by the teacher yesterday

6 The diagrams made by young Faraday were sent to Day in 1982

7 The gentleman living next door to me is a well-known orator

8 All the astronauts orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless

9 All students not handing in their papers will fail in the exam

10 I saw many houses destroyed by the storm

11 The street leading to the school is very wide

12 The system used here is very successful

13 Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London

14 The candidates sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam

15 We are driving on the road built in 1980

16 Customers complaining about the service should see the manager

17 The city destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt

18 The vegetable sold in this shop are grown without chemicals

19 The only thing for us to do now is wait and see

20 Who was the first Vietnamese woman to set foot on the Antarctic ?

21 Why am I always the last to find out about these parties?

22 This is the ideal place for us to build a house of our own

23 It’s the largest breed of horse found in America

24 He was the first man to leave the burning building

25 The last person to leave the room must turn out the lights

26 The child is lonely;he would be happier if he had someone for him to play with

27 Here are some accounts for you to check

Trang 31

28 My brother is the only one to realize the danger

29 The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship to be built on the Clyde

30 We had a river to swim in

31 Neil Armstrong was the 1st man to walk on the moon

32 The 5th man to be interviewed was entirely unsuitable

33 I wish we had a garden for my children to play in

34 I have some homework to do tonight

35 Have you brought a book for Kelvin to read

36 She is the only woman to be appointed to the board

37 The floor is dusty but I haven’t got a brush to sweep

38 The last student to be interviewed was Tom

39 We visited Hanoi, the capital of VN

40 I was the only one to realize him

41 Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way

42 I was awakened by the sound of a laughter coming from the room which was next to mine at the motel

43 Dalat, best known for foreign travellers, has pleasant weather

44 This is the first man to be arrested by police yesterday

45 We have some picture books for children to read

B Correct mistake

1 Peter , whom visited us yesterday , has just graduated from university

(who)

2 Miss Huong , that is staying with us , often goes to school by bike ( who )

3 New York , where we celebrated our party , is pretty cold in winter

4 New York , we celebrated our party , is pretty cold in winter ( where/ in which)

5 Do you know the students to who the teacher is talking ? ( to whom )

6 Do you know the students to whom the teacher is talking to ?( bỏ )

7 My sister , whom you met last week , has already gone to abroad

8 My sister , you met last week , has already gone to abroad ( whom)

9 A night is the time of the day which it is dark outside ( bỏ “a”, which  when )

10 Dictionary is a book where gives you the meanings of words ( where  which)

11 Dictionary is a book , which gives you the meanings of words

12 Anh is always late for class which makes the teacher angry ( thêm dấu phẩy sau “ class” )

13 This car which was broken down last night is quite expensive ( thêm dấu phẩy sau “ car” và “ night “ )

14 That’s the house where was built in 2005 ( where  which )

Trang 32

15 Pele , of whom I respect most is the most famous football player all the time

Trang 33

Ex: It’s a lovely day, isn’t it?

Bằng cách sử dụng câu hỏi đuôi, người nói ngụ ý rằng câu khẳng định phía trước là đúng Bạn biết hôm nay trời đẹp và gợi ý để người đối diện nói chuyện tiếp Phần đuôi này không thực sự là câu hỏi

positivie statement + negative question tag

Ex: The children can swim, can't they ?

- Câu hỏi đuôi khẳng định (auxiliary verb + pronoun) được dùng sau câu trần thuật phủ định

negative statement + positive question tag

Ex: You haven't seen Mary today, have you ?

Lưu ý:

1 Nếu trong câu trần thuật có trợ động từ hoặc động từ to be thì trợ động từ này được lặp lại trong câu hỏi đuôi

Ex: She will come, won't she ?

Ex: There was a lot of traffic, wasn't there ?

Ex: We don't have to pay, do we ?

2 Nếu câu trần thuật không có trợ động từ, dùng trợ động từ to do (do/does/did)

Trang 34

T à i l i ệ u s ư u t ầ m , t ổ n g h ợ p P a g e 2 | 28

Ex: You live near here, don't you ?

Ex: You locked the door, didn't you ?

3 Một số dạng câu hỏi láy đuôi đặc biệt

- Đại từ this / that được thay bằng “it”; these / those được thay bằng “they”

Ex: That is his car, isn’t it?

These are your new shoes, aren’t they?

- “There” trong cấu trúc “there + be” được dùng lại ở phần đuôi

Ex: There aren’t any students in the classroom, are there?

- Câu nói có trợ động từ (will / can / shall / should / is / are …): trợ động từ được lặp lại ở

phần đuôi

Ex: You will come early, won’t you?

- Phần đuôi của ought to là SHOULDN’T

Ex: She ought to do exercise every morning, shouldn’t she?

- Câu hỏi đuôi của I am là aren't I – nhưng nếu không có not thì lại dùng am I

Ex: I am late, aren't I ?

I am not guilty, am I?

- Hãy lưu ý rằng các câu có những từ như neither, no, none, no one, nobody, nothing, scarcely, barely, hardly, hardly ever, seldom được xem như là những lời tường thuật phủ định và được theo

sau bởi một câu hỏi đuôi khẳng định

Ex: No salt is allowed, is it ?

Ex: Peter hardly ever goes to parties, does he ?

Ex: Neither of them complained, did they ?

- Với everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one chúng ta dùng đại từ they

Ex: Everyone warned you, didn't they ?

Ex: Someone had recognized him, hadn't they ?

- Nếu là câu mệnh lệnh, câu hỏi đuôi là "will you" dù có not hay không có not

Ex: Don't drop that vase, will you ?

Sau một yêu cầu bằng mệnh lệnh cách (chẳng hạn như: Wait ), ta có thể dùng can

you? hoặc could you?

Trang 35

Ex: Wait here a moment, can you?

Ex: Give me an example, could you?

- Dùng phần đuôi WON’T YOU để diễn tả lời mời

Ex: Have a piece of cake, won’t you?

- Câu đầu là I wish – dùng may

Ex: I wish to study English, may I ?

- Chủ từ là one – dùng you hoặc one

Ex: One can be one's master, can't you/one ?

- Câu đầu có must

Must có nhiều cách dùng cho nên tùy theo cách dùng mà có câu hỏi đuôi khác nhau

+ Must chỉ sự cần thiết, dùng needn't

Ex: They must study hard, needn't they ?

+ Must chỉ sự cấm đoán, dùng must

Ex: You mustn't come late, must you ?

+ Must chỉ sự dự đoán ở hiện tại, dựa vào động từ theo sau must

Ex: He must be a very intelligent student, isn't he ?

+ Must chỉ sự dự đoán ở quá khứ (trong công thức must + have + PP), dùng have/has

Ex: You must have stolen my bike, haven't you ?

- Let ở đầu câu :

Let đầu câu có nhiều dạng cần phân biệt

+ Let's trong câu rủ - dùng shall we ?

Ex: Let's go out, shall we ?

+Let trong câu xin phép (let us/let me), dùng will you ?

Ex: Let us use the telephone, will you ?

+Let dùng trong câu đề nghị giúp người khác (let me), dùng may I ?

Ex: Let me help you do it, may I ?

- Câu cảm thán

Lấy danh từ trong câu đổi thành đại từ, dùng am/is/are

Ex: What a beautiful dress, isn't it ?

Ex: What a stupid boy, isn't he ?

- Câu đầu có I + các động từ sau : think, believe, suppose, figure, assume, fancy, imagine,

reckon, expect, see, feel + mệnh đề phụ

 Lấy mệnh đề phụ làm câu hỏi đuôi

Ex: I think he will come here, won't he ?

Ex: I don't believe Mary can do it, can she ? (lưu ý, mệnh đề chính có not thì vẫn tính như ở

mệnh đề phụ)

Trang 36

Cùng mẫu này nhưng nếu chủ từ không phải là I  dùng mệnh đề đầu làm câu hỏi đuôi

Ex: She thinks he will come, doesn't she ?

- Câu đầu có It seems that + mệnh đề: Lấy mệnh đề làm câu hỏi đuôi

Ex: It seems that you are right, aren't you ?

- Chủ từ là mệnh đề danh từ: Dùng "it"

Ex: What you have said is wrong, isn't it ?

Ex: Why he killed himself seems a secret, doesn't it ?

- USED TO: Trường hợp này, ta cứ việc xem USED TO là một động từ chia ở thì quá khứ Do đó, câu hỏi đuôi tương ứng chỉ cần mượn trợ động từ DID

Ex: She used to live here, didn’t she?

- HAD BETTER: “had better” thường được viết ngắn gọn thành ‘D BETTER, nên dễ khiến ta

lúng túng khi phải lập câu hỏi đuôi tương ứng Khi thấy ‘D BETTER, chỉ cần mượn trợ động

từ HAD để lập câu hỏi đuôi

Ex: He’d better stay, hadn’t he?

- WOULD RATHER: Would rather thường được viết gọn là ‘D RATHER nên cũng dễ gây

lúng túng cho bạn Chỉ cần mượn trợ động từ WOULD cho trường hợp này để lập câu hỏi đuôi

Ex: You’d rather go, wouldn’t you?

III CÁCH TRẢ LỜI CÂU HỎI ĐUÔI:

Khi trả lời câu hỏi đuôi chúng ta phải trả lời theo đúng sự thật của hoàn cảnh hay tình huống Câu

trả lời của bạn phản ánh các sự kiện thực tế, không (nhất thiết) phải ở câu hỏi

Ví dụ như, mọi người đều biết là tuyết thì trắng vì thế hãy xem xét các câu hỏi và cách trả lới một cách hợp lý :

Tag question Correct

answer

Snow is white,

isn't it? Yes (it is) Câu trả lời giống nhau trong cả hai trường hợp - Nhưng lưu ý cách nhấn

mạnh trong thay đổi ở đây là

Trang 37

Snow isn't white,

Vì tuyết thì có màu trắng! người trả lời không đồng ý với

người hỏi

Snow is black,

isn't it? No it isn't! Câu trả lời giống nhau

trong cả hai trường hợp -

Vì tuyết thì không có màu đen!

Snow isn't black,

is it? No (it isn't)

Trong một vài ngôn ngữ khác, người ta sẽ trả lời yes cho các câu hỏi như "Snow isn't black, is it?" (YES đối với họ có nghĩa là tôi đồng ý với câu hỏi "Yes, I agree with you") Đây là cách trả lời hoàn toàn sai trong tiếng Anh!

Các ví dụ với các câu trả lời đúng cách:

 The moon goes round the earth, doesn't it? Yes, it does

 The earth is bigger than the moon, isn't it? Yes

 The earth is bigger than the sun, isn't it? No, it isn't!

 Asian people don't like rice, do they? Yes, they do!

 Elephants live in Europe, don't they? No, they don't!

 Men don't have babies, do they? No

 The English alphabet doesn't have 40 letters, does it? No, it doesn't

EXERCISE:

TEST 1

I Add tag questions to the following

Trang 38

1 They want to come , ……… ?

2 Elizabeth is a dentist , ……… ?

3 They won’t be here , ……… ?

4 There aren’t any problems, ……… ?

5 That is your umbrella, ……… ?

6 George is a student , ……… ?

7 He’s learned a lot in the last couple of years, ………?

8 He has a bicycle , ……… ?

9 Joan can’t come with us , ……… ?

10 She’ll help us late , ……… ?

11 Peggy would like to come with us to the party, ……… ?

12 Those aren’t Fred’s books, ……… ?

13 You’ve never been to Paris , ……… ?

14 Something is wrong with Jane today , ……… ?

15 Everyone can learn how to swim, ……… ?

16 Nobody cheated on the exam , ……… ?

17 Nothing went wrong while I was gone, ……… ?

18 I am invited , ……… ?

II Add tag questions to the following

1.Your name is Thanh , ……… ?

2 Today is Sunday , ……… ?

3 John doesn’t agree with me about the plan , ……… ?

4 There’s a bus comimg , ……… ?

5 Everybody was saying their prayers in the church when I cane in, ……… ?

6 He makes a lot of mistakes in pronunciation , ……… ?

Trang 39

7 The traffic was heavy yesterday , ……… ?

8 Both men won’t surf the Internet for a chat any more , ……… ?

9 A lot of students don’t think studying grammar is interesting , ……… ?

10 We haven’t done this homework yet , ……… ?

11 Jack’s enrolled on this course , ……… ?

12 Helen’s got fashionable clothes to wear on this important occasion , ………?

13 The Smiths have got a computer , a CD player and two motorbikes , ……… ?

14 The children have many computer games to play , ……… ?

15 Your brother has the chance to speak English outside the classroom , ……… ?

16 David and Kate aren’t going to pay their school fees tomorrow , ……… ?

17 There weren’t any well- qualified teachers at this school , ……… ?

18 This boy could use a computer at the age of 5 , ……… ?

19 MY father put an advertisement in the Times to sell his house, ……… ?

20 It is expensive for you to access the Internet , ……… ?

21 Jim really shouldn’t spend most of his time wandering on the Internet , ……… ?

22 People don’t know which website is useful to them , ……… ?

23 Students have to wear uniforms in Vietnam , ……… ?

24 Email is good way for people to communicate , ……… ?

25 The garbage can be taken out everyday , ……… ?

26 We must send this message by email , ……… ?

27 You wouldn’t like another drink , ……… ?

28 Vinh would rather listen to English programs on the radio , ……… ?

29 You had better not go out in the cold weather , ……… ?

30 Ba ought to join her family on a day trip to her hometown , ……… ?

31 My sister might like writing email , ……… ?

Trang 40

32 You should attend the opening ceremony , ……… ?

33 You wouldn’t mind helping me with this , ……… ?

34 I needn’t say anything to you about it , ……… ?

35 Your aunt needs to grow rice on his farm , ……… ?

36 This is Mr Johnson , ……… ?

37 That was Ann on the phone , ……… ?

38 Those weren’t your parents over there , ……… ?

39 These are your cases here , ……… ?

40 The Chinese invented paper in AD 105 , ……… ?

41 The English don’t like tea , ……… ?

42 The rich usually live in big houses , ……… ?

43 There won’t be any good news for you , ……… ?

44 Joe used to be a lot faster than he is now , ……… ?

45 There used to be too much noise in this neighborhood , ……… ?

46 He has no chance of finding a cheap flat in the city centre , ……… ?

47 He’s never met you before , ……… ?

48 They really went swimming when they were your age , ……… ?

49 Helen seldom smiles at me whenever she passes me in the street , ……….?

50 He hardly ever makes a mistake , ……… ?

51 There’s scarcely enough time for our project , ……… ?

52 Cactuses need little water , ……… ?

53 Unfiendly people have few friends , ……… ?

54 It’s unpleasant to be alone in a strange country , ……… ?

55 It’s no good , ……… ?

56 No smoking is allowed in this compartment , ……… ?

Định dạng
Số trang	432
Dung lượng	10,11 MB