Appendix A Conversion Factors and Equivalents

B.1 Abbreviations and AcronymsTable B.1.. Abbreviations and Acronyms Listed Alphabetically with Commonly Used Names Abbreviations Names AA Acetic Aldehyde ABA Acrylonitrile-butadiene-ac

Appendix A: Conversion Factors and Equivalents

Temperature Inches to Millimeters Ounces to Grams Pounds to

Kilograms

F = (°C × 9 / 5 ) + 32

C = (°F -32) × 5 / 9

in = mm × 0.03937

mm = in × 25.4

oz = gm × 0.0352739

gm = oz × 28.349527

lbs = kg × 2.205

kg = lbs × 0.454

Conversion Factors

B.1 Abbreviations and Acronyms

Table B.1 Abbreviations and Acronyms Listed Alphabetically with Commonly Used Names

Abbreviations Names

AA Acetic Aldehyde

ABA

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate ABS

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene

ACM Acrylate rubber

ACPES Acrylonitrile-chlorinated

polyethylene-styrene ADC Allyl diglycol carbonate

AEC Acrylonitrile ethylene styrene

AGE Allylglycidylether

AMMA

Acrylonitrile-methyl-methacrylate AMS Alpha methyl styrene

AN Acrylonitrile

APET Amorphous polyethylene

terephthalate ASA Acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile

ASTM American Society for Testing

Materials

AZ Azodicarbonamide

BA Butyl acrylate

BBP Benzyl butyl phthalate

BO Biaxially oriented

BOPP Bioriented polypropylene

BR Butadiene rubber

BS Butadiene styrene

Buna Polybutadiene

CA Cellulose acetate

CAA Computer-aided analysis

CAB Cellulose acetate butyrate

CAD Computer-aided design

Abbreviations Names

CAE Computer-aided engineering CAN Cellulose acetate nitrate CAP Cellulose acetate propionate

CF Cresol-formaldehyde CFC Chlorofluorocarbon

CM Chloro-polyethylene CMC Carboxymethyl cellulose

CN Cellulose nitrate (celluloid) COPE Copolyester elastomer

CP Cellulose propionate CPE Chlorinated polyethylene CPET Crystalline polyethylene

terephthalate CPVC Chlorinated polyvinyl

chloride

CR Chloroprene rubber or

neoprene rubber

CSPE Chlorosulfonated

polyethylene CTA Cellulose triacetate CTE Coefficient of thermal

expansion CTFE Chlorotrifluoroethylene DAC Diallyl chlorendate DAF Diallyl fumarate DAIP Diallyl isophthalate DAM Diallyl maleate DAMP Diallyl metaphthalate DAOP Diallyl orthophthalate DAP Diallyl phthalate DEP Diethyl phthalate

(Cont’d.)

Abbreviations Names

DSC Differential scanning

calorimetry

EA Ethyl acrylate

EBA Ethylene butyl acrylate

EC Ethyl cellulose

ECO Epichlorhydrin rubber

ECTFE

Ethylenechlorotrifluoro-ethylene EEA Ethylene ethyl acrylate

EMA Ethylene-methyl acrylate

EMAC Ethylene-methyl acrylate

copolymer EPDM Ethylene-propylene-diene

terpolymer EPR Ethylene-propylene rubber

EPS Expandable (or expanded)

polystyrene EPT Ethylene-propylene

terpolymer ETFE Ethylenetetrafluoroethylene

EVA Ethylene-vinyl acetate

EVAL Ethylene-vinyl alcohol

EVE Ethylene-vinyl ether

FC Fluorocarbon

FEA Finite element analysis

FEP Fluoronated ethylene

propylene

FF Furan-formaldehyde

FPVC Flexible polyvinyl chloride

GMTP Glass mat reinforced

thermoplastic GPPS General purpose polystyrene

GR-1 Butyl rubber

GR-N Nitrile rubber

GRP Glass reinforced plastic

GR-S Styrene butadiene rubber

HCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbon

HDPE High density polyethylene

Abbreviations Names

HIPS High impact polystyrene HMW High molecular weight HMW-HDPE High molecular-weight,

high-density polyethylene H-NBR Hydrogenated nitrile rubber HPT Holding-pressure time IIR Butyl rubber (isoprene

rubber)

IM Injection molding

IR Isoprene rubber (synthetic) LCM Liquid composite molding LCP Liquid crystal polymer LIM Liquid injection molding LLDPE Linear low density

polyethylene LMC

Low pressure molding compound or low molecular weight

LPE Linear polyethylene LPIM Low pressure injection

molding LSR Liquid silicone rubber LWP Lost wax process

MA Maleic anhydride MABS Methylmethacrylate ABS MAN Methyl acrylonitrile MBS

Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene

MC Methyl cellulose MCO Moldability and cost

optimization MDA Methylene dianiline MDPE Medium density polyethylene MEK Methyl ethyl ketone (solvent) MEKP Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide

MF Melamine formaldehyde

MI Melt index

Table B.1 (Cont’d.)

(Cont’d.)

Abbreviations Names

MIM Metal injection molding

MMA Methyl methacrylate

MMW Medium molecular weight

MPDA M-phenylene diamine

MPF Melamine phenol

formaldehyde MPPO Modified PPO

MQ Dimethylsilicone elastomer

NBR Nitrile butadiene rubber,

nitrile rubber, or GR-1

NC Nitrocellulose

NCR Acrylonitrile chloroprene

nitrate NIR Acrylonitrile isoprene rubber

NR Natural rubber (polyisoprene)

NSR Nitrile-silicone rubber

OPP Oriented polypropylene

OPR Propylene oxide rubber

OPS Oriented polystyrene

OSA Olefin-modified

styrene-acrylonitrile

PA Polyamide (nylon)

PAA Polyacrylic acid

PAE Polyarylether

PAEK Polyaryletherketone

PAH Polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbon PAI Polyamide-imide

PAK Polyester alkyd

PAMS Polyalpha-methylstyrene

PAN Polyacrylonitrile

PAR Polyarylate

PAS Polyarylsulfone

PB Polybutylene

PBAN Polybutadiene-acrylonitrile

PBI Polybenzimidazole

Abbreviations Names

PBR Polybutadiene-vinyl

pyridene PBS Polybutadiene-styrene PBT Polybutadiene-terephthalate PBZ Polybenzobisoxazole

PC Polycarbonate PCA Polycarbonate-acrylic PCDP Polydicyclopentadiene PC/PBT Polycarbonate/polybutylene

terephthalate PCT Polycyclohexylene

dimethylene-terephthalate PCTFE Polychlorotrifluoroethylene

PE Polyethylene PEA Poly(ethyl acrylate) PEBA Polyether block amide PEC Polyphenylene ether

copolymer PEEK Polyetheretherketone PEI Polyetherimide PEK Polyetherketone PEKEKK

Polyetherketoneether-ketoneketone PEKK Polyetherketoneketone PEN Polyethylene naphthalate PEO Polyethylene oxide PEP Polyethylene polymer PEPA Polyether-polyamide PES Polyethersulfone PET Polyethylene-terephthalate PETG Polyethylene-terephthalate

glycol

PF Phenol formaldehyde

(phenolic) PFA Perfluoroalkoxy PFF Phenol furfural

PI Polyimide or isoprene rubber PIB Polyisobutylene

(Cont’d.)

Abbreviations Names

PIR Polyisocyanurate

PMA Polymethyl acrylate

PMCA Polymethyl-n-chloroacrylate

PMI Polymethacrylimide

PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate

(acrylic or plexiglass) PMP Polymethyl pentene

PMQ Phenylsilicone elastomer

PMS Paramethyl styrene

PO Polyolefin

POM Polyoxymethylene (acetal)

POP Polyoxypropylene

PP Polypropylene

PPA Polyphthalamide

PPE Polyphenylene ether

PPE/PPO Polyphenylene ether /

polyphenylene oxide PPMS Polypara-methylstyrene

PPO Polyphenylene oxide

PPOX Polypropylene oxide

PPS Polyphenylene sulfide

PPSS Polyphenylene sulfide sulfone

PPSU Polyphenylene sulfone

PPT Polypropylene-terephthalate

PS Polystyrene

PSB Polystyrene butadiene rubber

(GR-S, SBR) PSU Polysulfone

PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene

PTMG Polytetramethylene glycol

PUR Polyurethane

PVAC Polyvinyl acetate

PVAL Polyvinyl alcohol

PVB Polyvinyl butyral

PVCA Polyvinyl chloride acetate

PVC Polyvinyl chloride

PVDC Polyvinylidene chloride

Abbreviations Names

PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride PVDM Polyvinyl fluoride PVFM Polyvinyl formal PVIE Polyvinyl isobutyl ether PVK Polyvinyl carbozole PVP Polyvinyl pyrrolidone PVT Pressure-volume-temperature RIM Reaction injection molding RMPS Rubber modified polystyrene

RP Reinforced plastic RPBT Reinforced PBT RPVC Rigid PVC SAN Styrene-acrylonitrile

SB Styrene-butadiene SBR Styrene-butadiene rubber SBS Styrene-butadiene-styrene SCR Styrene chloroprene rubber S-EPDM Sulfonated-EPDM

SFT Screw-forward time SIR Silicone isoprene rubber SIS Styrene-isoprene-styrene SLA Stereolithography SMA Styrene maleic anhydride S/MMA Styrene/methyl methacrylate SMS Styrene methylstyrene SPE Society of Plastics Engineers SPI Society of the Plastics

Industry

SR Polysulfide rubber

SR Synthetic rubber SRP Styrene-rubber plastic STL File format used for

stereolithography models TAC Triallyl cyanurate TCE Trichloroethylene TFE Tetrafluoroethylene TPA Terephthalic acid

Table B.1 (Cont’d.)

(Cont’d.)

TPI Thermoplastic polyimide

TPO Thermoplastic polyolefin

TPP Triphenyl phosphate

TPS Toughened polystyrene

TPU Thermoplastic

polyurethane TPV Thermoplastic vulcanizate

TPX Polymethylpentene

TSSC Toluenesulfonyl

semicarbazide

UF Urea formaldehyde

UHMWPE Ultra high molecular weight

polyethylene ULDPE Ultra low density

polyethylene

UP Unsaturated polyester

UPVC Unplasticized PVC

VA Vinyl acetate VAE Vinyl acetate ethylene VC/E Vinyl chloride/ethylene VCM Vinyl chloride monomer VC/MA Vinyl chloride/methylacrylate

VD Vinylidene VDC Vinylidene chloride VLDPE Very low density

polyethylene VMQ Vinylsilicone elastomer

VP Virgin plastic VPE Vulcanized polyethylene

VT Vinyl toluene XLPE Cross linked polyethylene XMC Extra high strength molding

compound XPS Expandable polystyrene

(Cont’d.)

Although standards and recommendations exist for polymer abbreviations and names, they are widely

disre-garded Names in particular are subject to considerable variation For example, you may see polymethylmethacrylate rendered as polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl-methacrylate, poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(methyl

methacry-late), poly(methyl-methacrylate) Table B.2.1 offers the most commonly-used forms regardless of standard, and

provide alternatives only where these are more than variants in orthography

Table B.2 Amorphous and Semicrystalline Thermoplastics Listed by Polymer Name

Common Name Abbreviation Alternative Name(s) Form

Acrylonitrile Chlorinated

Polyethylene Styrene

ACS Acrylonitrile Styrene Chlorinated

Polyethylene

Amorphous

Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate ASA Acrylate Styrene Acrylonitrile,

Polyacrylic Styrene Acrylonitrile

Amorphous

Cellulose Acetate CA Cellulose Diacetate, Cellulose

Ethanoate

Amorphous

Cellulose Acetate Butyrate CAB Cellulose Acetobutyrate,

Cellulose Ethanoate Butanoate

Amorphous

Cellulose Acetate Propionate CAP Cellulose Acetopropionate,

Cellulose Propionate, Cellulose Propanoate

Amorphous

Cyclic Olefin Copolymer COC Cyclic Olefinic Copolymer Amorphous

Ethylene Chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE Semicrystalline

Ethylene Propylene Copolymer EPM Semicrystalline Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene ETFE Polyethylene Tetrafluoroethylene Semicrystalline

Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer EVAC Semicrystalline

Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene FEP Perfluoroethylene Propylene Semicrystalline

Perfluoroalkoxyethylene PFA Perfluoroalkoxyalkane Semicrystalline

Polyaryletherketone PAEK Polyarylether Semicrystalline

Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile

Butadiene Styrene

Polycarbonate/Polybutylene

Terephthalate

Polychlorortrifluoroethylene PCTFE Semicrystalline Polycyclohexylenedimethylene

Terephthalate Glycol-modfied

Polyethylene Cross-linked XLPE Cross-linked Polyethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene Cross-linked PEX Cross-linked Polyethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene High Density HDPE High Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene High Density PE-HD High Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene Linear Low Density PE-LLD Linear Low Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene Linear Low Density LLDPE Linear Low Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene Linear Medium Density LMDPE Linear Medium Density

Polyethylene

Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Low Density PE-LD Low Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene Medium Density PE-MD Medium Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline Polyethylene Medium Density MDPE Medium Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Table B.2 (Cont’d.)

(Cont’d.)

Common Name Abbreviation Alternative Name(s) Form

Polyethylene Terephthalate

Glycol-modified

Polyethylene Ultra High Molecular

Weight

PE-UHMW Ultra High Molecular Weight

Polyethylene

Semicrystalline

Polyethylene Ultra High Molecular

Weight

UHMWPE Ultra High Molecular Weight

Polyethylene

Semicrystalline Polyethylene Ultra Low Density ULDPE Ultra Low Density Polyethylene Semicrystalline

Polyoxymethylene POM Acetal, Polyacetal,

Polyformaldehyde

Semicrystalline

Polyphenylene Oxide/Polyamide PPO/PA Polyphenylene Oxide/Nylon Semicrystalline

Polystyrene High Impact HIPS High Impact Polystyrene Amorphous Polystyrene Syndiotactic SPS Syndiotactic Polystyrene Semicrystalline

Polyurethene Linear PUR Thermoplastic Polyurethane Semicrystalline

Polyvinyl Chloride Chlorinated PVC-C Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous Polyvinyl Chloride Plasticized PPVC Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous Polyvinyl Chloride Plasticized PVC-P Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous Polyvinyl Chloride Unplasticized PVCU Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous Polyvinyl Chloride Unplasticized PVC-U Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous Polyvinyl Chloride Unplasticized UPVC Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Amorphous

Common Name Abbreviation Alternative Name(s) Form

Trimethylhexamethylene

Terephthalamaide

TMDT Polyamide Aromatic Transparent Amorphous