Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe3 E 290 Test Method for Semi-Guided Bend Test for Ductility
Trang 1Designation: A 369/A 369M – 00 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 369/A 369M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon ( e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1 Scope
1.1 This specification2covers heavy-wall carbon and alloy
steel pipe (Note 1) made from turned and bored forgings and is
intended for high-temperature service Pipe ordered under this
specification shall be suitable for bending and other forming
operations and for fusion welding Selection will depend on
design, service conditions, mechanical properties and
high-temperature characteristics
N OTE 1—The use of the word “pipe” throughout the several sections of
this specification is used in the broad sense and intended to mean pipe
headers, or leads.
N OTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
1.2 Several grades of ferritic steels are covered Their
compositions are given in Table 1
1.3 Supplementary requirements (S1 to S6) of an optional
nature are provided These supplementary requirements call for
additional tests to be made, and when desired shall be so stated
in the order, together with the number of such tests required
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets The values stated in each
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
be used independently of the other Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specifi-cation The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
designation of this specification is specified in the order
2 Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements for
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe3
E 290 Test Method for Semi-Guided Bend Test for Ductility
of Metallic Materials4
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing, Inspection, and Rating Steel Products, Comprising Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings4
2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section 1X Welding Qualifications5
2.3 ANSI Standard:
B 46.1 Surface Texture6
3 Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material to this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimetres, or number of lengths), 3.1.2 Name of material (forged and bored pipe), 3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (inside diameter and minimum wall thickness), 3.1.5 Length (Permissible Variations in Length Section of Specification A 999/A 999M),
3.1.6 End finish (13), 3.1.7 Optional requirements (Sections 8, Supplementary Requirements S1 to S6; 13.2),
3.1.8 Test report required (Certification Section of Specifi-cation A 999/A 999M),
3.1.9 Specification designation, and 3.1.10 Special requirements or exceptions to this specifica-tion
4 General Requirements
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A 999/A 999M, unless otherwise provided herein
5 Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Discard:
5.1.1 A sufficient discard shall be made from each ingot to secure freedom from injurious defects The steel shall have a homogeneous structure
5.2 Manufacture:
5.2.1 Material for forging shall consist of ingots or of
1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved May 10, 2000 Published August 2000 Originally
published as A 369/A 369M – 53 T Last previous edition A 369/A 369M – 92.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related
Specifi-cation SA-369 in Section II of that Code.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
5
Available from ASME International, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016–5990.
6
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Trang 2blooms, billets, or solid-rolled bars forged or rolled from an
ingot, and cut to the required length by a process that will not
produce injurious defects in the forging
5.2.2 The material shall be forged (Note 3) by hammering or
pressing, and shall be brought as nearly as practicable to the
finished shape and size by hot working
N OTE 3—The cross-sectional area of the solid forging shall have a
reduction by forging or by rolling and forging from that of the ingot in the
ratio of not less than 3 to 1.
5.2.3 Unless otherwise specified, the final forging operation
shall be followed by a treatment suitable to the grade as
specified in 5.4
5.3 Machining:
5.3.1 All forgings shall have both the inner and outer
surfaces machined
5.3.2 After heat treatment, the pipe shall be machined to a
finish with a roughness value no greater than 250-µin [6.4-µm]
arithmetical average deviation (AA), terms as defined in ANSI
B 46.1-1962, unless otherwise specified
5.4 Heat Treatment:
5.4.1 All pipe of the grades shown in Table 1 other than
FPA, FPB, FP1, FP2, FP12, and FP91 shall be reheated and
furnished in the full-annealed or normalized and tempered
condition If furnished in the normalized and tempered
condi-tion (Note 4), the temperature for tempering shall be 1250°F
[680°C] or higher for Grades FP5, FP9, FP21, and FP22, and
1200°F [650°C] or higher for Grades FP36 and FP11
N OTE 4—It is recommended that the temperature for tempering should
be at least 100°F [50°C] above the intended service temperature;
conse-quently, the purchaser should advise the manufacturer if the service temperature is to be over 1100°F [600°C].
5.4.2 Pipe in Grades FPA and FPB as a final heat treatment shall be either normalized or shall be given a stress relieving treatment at 1200 to 1300°F [650 to 705°C] Pipe in Grades FP1, FP2, and FP12, as a final heat treatment shall be given a stress-relieving treatment at 1200 to 1300°F [650 to 705°C]
N OTE 5—Certain of the ferritic steels covered by this specification tend
to harden if cooled rapidly from above their critical temperature Some will air harden, that is, become hardened to an undesirable degree when cooled in air from high temperatures Therefore, operations involving heating such steels above their critical temperatures, such as welding, hot-bending and other forming operations, should be followed by suitable heat treatment.
5.4.3 Except when Supplementary S6 is specified by the purchaser, Grade FP91 shall be normalized and tempered by reheating within the temperature range of 1900 to 2000°F [1040 to 1095°C], followed by air cooling and tempering at a sub-critical temperature of 1350°F [730°C] minimum
6 Chemical Composition
6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1
7 Heat Analysis
7.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of the ele-ments specified If secondary melting processes are employed, the heat analysis shall be obtained from one remelted ingot or the product of one remelted ingot of each primary melt The
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Others:
Ni 0.40 max
V 0.18–0.25
Cb 0.06–0.10
N 0.03–0.07 A1 0.04 max
Trang 3chemical composition thus determined, or that determined
from a product analysis made by the tubular product
manufac-turer, shall conform to the requirements specified
7.2 In the case of large ingots poured from two or more
heats, the weighted average of the chemical determinations of
the several heats, made in accordance with 7.1, shall conform
to the requirements specified in Section 6
8 Product Analysis
8.1 At the request of the purchaser, a product analysis shall
be made by the manufacturer on every heat
8.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
purchaser or his representative, and shall conform to the
requirements specified in Section 6
8.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in Section 7
or Section 8 does not conform to the requirements specified in
Section 6 an analysis of each billet or pipe from the same heat
may be made, and all billets or pipes conforming to the
requirements shall be accepted
9 Tensile Requirements
9.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
tensile properties prescribed in Table 2 Tests for acceptance
shall be made after final heat treatment of the forging
10 Mechanical Tests Required
10.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One test
shall be made on a specimen from one end of one length of
pipe representing each heat in each heat-treatment lot
10.2 Flattening Test—For pipe NPS 14 or less, and diameter
to wall thickness ratios of more than 7.0, a flattening test shall
be carried out in accordance with Specification A 999/A 999M
A test shall be carried out on a specimen taken from one end of each length of pipe
10.3 Bend Test—For pipe larger than NPS 14 or NPS where
diameters to wall thickness ratio is 7.0 or less, a bend test shall
be carried out in accordance with Test Method E 290 Unless otherwise specified, the test specimens shall be taken in a transverse direction The diameter of the pin shall be 2⁄3t for
longitudinal specimens or 11⁄3 t for transverse specimens, where t is the specimen thickness The bend test specimens
shall be bent at room temperature through 180° without cracking One bend test shall be taken from one end of each length of pipe
11 Workmanship
11.1 The pipe shall conform to the sizes and shapes speci-fied by the purchaser
12 Ends
12.1 Pipe ends shall be machined as specified in the purchase order
13 Finish
13.1 The finished pipe shall be reasonably straight and shall have a workmanlike finish
13.2 Repair of defects by welding shall be permitted only subject to the approval of the purchaser Defects shall be thoroughly chipped or ground out before welding Only quali-fied operators and procedures in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, shall be used
Local or full heat treatment in accordance with 5.4 shall follow welding Local grinding following welding and retreating shall
be considered as meeting the requirements of 5.3
14 Product Marking
14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
A 999/A 999M, the marking shall include the wall thickness, piece mark, length, and additional symbol “S” if the pipe conforms to the supplementary requirements specified in Supplementary Requirements S1 to S5, and the heat number or the manufacturer’s number by which the heat can be identified
Indentation stamping, instead of stenciling, will be permitted only with the written approval of the purchaser
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
Tensile strength, min; ksi [MPa]
Yield strength, min; ksi [MPa]
48 [330]
30 [210]
60 [415]
35 [240]
55 [380]
30 [210]
60 [415]
32 [220]
85 [585]
60 [415]
60 [415]
30 [210]
Elongation Requirements
Grade
Longitu-dinal
Trans-verse
Longitu-dinal
Trans-verse
Longitu-dinal
Trans-verse
Longitu-dinal
Trans-verse Elongation in 2 in or 50 mm, min, %:
Basic minimum elongation for wall 5/16 in [8 mm] and
over in thickness, strip tests, and for all small sizes tested in
full-section
When standard round 2-in or 50-mm gage length test
specimen is used
Trang 4SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified in the purchase order The purchaser may specify a different frequency of test or analysis than is provided
in the supplementary requirement Subject to agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer,
retest and retreatment provisions of these supplementary requirements may also be modified
S1 Additional Tension Test
S1.1 An additional tension test shall be made on a specimen
from one or each end of each pipe If this supplementary
requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe required
shall be specified If a specimen from any length fails to meet
the required tensile properties (tensile, yield, and elongation),
that length shall be rejected subject to retreatment in
accor-dance with Specification A 999/A 999M and satisfactory retest
S2 Additional Flattening or Bend Tests
S2.1 The appropriate flattening or bend test may be made on
specimens from both ends of each length of pipe Crop ends
may be used If the specimen from either end of any length
fails to conform to the specific requirement, that length shall be
rejected
S3 Ultrasonic Tests
S3.1 Each pipe shall be ultrasonically tested to determine its
soundness throughout the entire length of the pipe Until
suitable standards are established, the basis for rejection of
material shall be a matter of agreement between the
manufac-turer and purchaser
S4 Hydrostatic Test
S4.1 A hydrostatic pressure test shall be applied as agreed
upon by the manufacturer and purchaser
S5 Metal Structure and Etching Tests
S5.1 The steel shall be homogeneous as shown by etching tests conducted in accordance with the appropriate portions of Method E 381 Etching tests shall be made on a cross section from one end or both ends of each pipe and shall show sound and reasonably uniform material free of injurious laminations, cracks, and similar objectionable defects If this supplementary requirement is specified, the number of tests per pipe required shall also be specified If a specimen from any length shows objectionable defects, the length shall be rejected, subject to removal of the defective end and subsequent retests indicating the remainder of the length to be sound and reasonably uniform material
S6 Alternative Heat Treatment—Grade FP91
S6.1 Grade FP91 shall be normalized in accordance with 5.4.3 and tempered at a temperature, to be specified by the purchaser, less than 1350°F [730°C] It shall be the purchaser’s responsibility to subsequently temper at 1350°F [730°C] mini-mum All mechanical tests shall be made on material heat treated in accordance with 5.4.3 The certification shall refer-ence this supplementary requirement indicating the tempering temperature applied The notation “S6’’ shall be included with the required marking of the pipe
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